myosinn.

Brit.

/ˈmʌɪə(ʊ)sɪn/, U.S.

/ˈmaɪəs(ə)n/

Forms: 1800s– myosin, 1800s– myosine.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: myo- comb. form, -ose suffix², -in suffix¹.

Etymology: < myo- comb. form + -ose suffix² + -in suffix¹, after German Myosin (W. Kühne in Untersuchungen über das Protoplasma u. die Contractilität (1864) i. 8, 10). With sense 2 compare German Pflanzen-Myosin (T. Weyl 1877, in Zeitschr. f. Physiol. Chem. 1 96).

Biochemistry.

1. Originally: the coagulable protein in muscle plasma (consisting largely of what is now called actomyosin) (now historical). Later: any of a family of motor proteins which are found in muscle and many other types of cell and aggregate to form the thick filaments of myofibrils.Myosin molecules typically have a hexameric structure of two heavy and four light polypeptide chains. Each heavy chain has a globular head, to which two light chains are attached, and a long tail, the tails of the two heavy chains being entwined together.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > muscle substance > [noun]

brawnc1325

mow1490

muscle1710

muscle cell1840

myosin1866

muscle-box1874

fibre-cell1878

myoblast1884

muscle-case1885

inogen1889

muscle casket1890

sarcomere1891

myofibril1898

myoplasm1907

myofibrilla1913

myotube1933

myofilament1949

myofibre1965

1866 Proc. Royal Soc. 15 227 The reactions of a variety of albumen allied to myosin, which the author has found in variable proportions in the yelk of all the fishes, amphibia, and birds which he has examined, are described.

1869 E. A. Parkes Man. Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) i. v. 158 The nitrogenous aliments are blood-fibrine, muscle-fibrine or syntonin, myosin [etc.].

1887 Jrnl. Physiol. 8 133 I have endeavoured..to discover if possible the precursors of myosin in the muscle-plasma.

1939 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 127 28 All this shows us that myosin particles are rod-shaped molecular bundles optically anisotropic in themselves.

1947 A. Szent-Györgyi Chem. of Muscle Contraction Introd. 1 The earlier ‘myosin’ turned out to be an undefined mixture of two proteins which united to form a compound... One of these new proteins will still be called ‘myosin’.

1970 Sci. Jrnl. May 14/4 In the striated muscle of vertebrates and insects, the main proteins, myosin and actin, are known to be confined to sets of thick and thin filaments respectively.

1982 Cell Motility 2 131 (title) Tomato actin and myosin: contractile proteins from a higher land plant.

1994 New Phytologist 128 379/2 As more and more sequence information becomes available, a great variety of myosin heavy chain types are being revealed in higher and lower eukaryotic organisms.

1998 Guardian 12 Nov. (Online section) 7/1 Inside the muscles, tiny proteins called myosins are doing the work, but no one knows how.

2002 Molecular Biol. & Evol. 19 1041 Three types of myosins were found in budding yeast, six in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.

2. More fully vegetable myosin. Protein, or a protein, of the globulin class, present in plant seeds and in flour. Now historical.True myosins (sense 1) have now been found in plant cells, but the protein referred to here is not the same; it may be one or both of the gluten proteins.

ΚΠ

1878 S. H. Vines in Proc. Royal Soc. 28 218 On saturating it with NaCl (rock-salt), a substance (myosin) was precipitated which was soluble in 10 per cent. NaCl solution.

1878 Proc. Royal Soc. 28 219 I..agree with Weyl in concluding that the proteids stored up in the seeds of the blue lupin consist of globulins (vegetable vitellin and vegetable myosin).

1887 Jrnl. Physiol. 8 11 The vegetable myosins described by Dr. Sidney Martin become insoluble in saline solutions after prolonged dialysis, in this way resembling the myosin of muscle.

1912 W. Tibbles Foods 22 Plants, however, contain vegetable myosin, which is believed to be the precursor of gluten-fibrin.

1944 C. H. Bailey Constituents Wheat & Wheat Products i. 20 Weyl and Bischoff considered the gluten to be derived from a globulin-substance or vegetable myosin which constituted the principle protein of flour.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	myosin
释义	myosinn. Brit. /ˈmʌɪə(ʊ)sɪn/, U.S. /ˈmaɪəs(ə)n/ Forms: 1800s– myosin, 1800s– myosine. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: myo- comb. form, -ose suffix², -in suffix¹. Etymology: < myo- comb. form + -ose suffix² + -in suffix¹, after German Myosin (W. Kühne in Untersuchungen über das Protoplasma u. die Contractilität (1864) i. 8, 10). With sense 2 compare German Pflanzen-Myosin (T. Weyl 1877, in Zeitschr. f. Physiol. Chem. 1 96). Biochemistry. 1. Originally: the coagulable protein in muscle plasma (consisting largely of what is now called actomyosin) (now historical). Later: any of a family of motor proteins which are found in muscle and many other types of cell and aggregate to form the thick filaments of myofibrils.Myosin molecules typically have a hexameric structure of two heavy and four light polypeptide chains. Each heavy chain has a globular head, to which two light chains are attached, and a long tail, the tails of the two heavy chains being entwined together. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > muscle substance > [noun] brawnc1325 mow1490 muscle1710 muscle cell1840 myosin1866 muscle-box1874 fibre-cell1878 myoblast1884 muscle-case1885 inogen1889 muscle casket1890 sarcomere1891 myofibril1898 myoplasm1907 myofibrilla1913 myotube1933 myofilament1949 myofibre1965 1866 Proc. Royal Soc. 15 227 The reactions of a variety of albumen allied to myosin, which the author has found in variable proportions in the yelk of all the fishes, amphibia, and birds which he has examined, are described. 1869 E. A. Parkes Man. Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) i. v. 158 The nitrogenous aliments are blood-fibrine, muscle-fibrine or syntonin, myosin [etc.]. 1887 Jrnl. Physiol. 8 133 I have endeavoured..to discover if possible the precursors of myosin in the muscle-plasma. 1939 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 127 28 All this shows us that myosin particles are rod-shaped molecular bundles optically anisotropic in themselves. 1947 A. Szent-Györgyi Chem. of Muscle Contraction Introd. 1 The earlier ‘myosin’ turned out to be an undefined mixture of two proteins which united to form a compound... One of these new proteins will still be called ‘myosin’. 1970 Sci. Jrnl. May 14/4 In the striated muscle of vertebrates and insects, the main proteins, myosin and actin, are known to be confined to sets of thick and thin filaments respectively. 1982 Cell Motility 2 131 (title) Tomato actin and myosin: contractile proteins from a higher land plant. 1994 New Phytologist 128 379/2 As more and more sequence information becomes available, a great variety of myosin heavy chain types are being revealed in higher and lower eukaryotic organisms. 1998 Guardian 12 Nov. (Online section) 7/1 Inside the muscles, tiny proteins called myosins are doing the work, but no one knows how. 2002 Molecular Biol. & Evol. 19 1041 Three types of myosins were found in budding yeast, six in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. 2. More fully vegetable myosin. Protein, or a protein, of the globulin class, present in plant seeds and in flour. Now historical.True myosins (sense 1) have now been found in plant cells, but the protein referred to here is not the same; it may be one or both of the gluten proteins. ΚΠ 1878 S. H. Vines in Proc. Royal Soc. 28 218 On saturating it with NaCl (rock-salt), a substance (myosin) was precipitated which was soluble in 10 per cent. NaCl solution. 1878 Proc. Royal Soc. 28 219 I..agree with Weyl in concluding that the proteids stored up in the seeds of the blue lupin consist of globulins (vegetable vitellin and vegetable myosin). 1887 Jrnl. Physiol. 8 11 The vegetable myosins described by Dr. Sidney Martin become insoluble in saline solutions after prolonged dialysis, in this way resembling the myosin of muscle. 1912 W. Tibbles Foods 22 Plants, however, contain vegetable myosin, which is believed to be the precursor of gluten-fibrin. 1944 C. H. Bailey Constituents Wheat & Wheat Products i. 20 Weyl and Bischoff considered the gluten to be derived from a globulin-substance or vegetable myosin which constituted the principle protein of flour. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1866
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