mycoplasmn.

Brit.

/ˈmʌɪkə(ʊ)plaz(ə)m/, U.S.

/ˈmaɪkoʊˌplæz(ə)m/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: myco- comb. form, -plasm comb. form.

Etymology: < myco- comb. form + -plasm comb. form; in sense 1 after German Mykoplasma (see mycoplasma n.); in sense 2 after scientific Latin Mycoplasma (see mycoplasma n.).

Biology.

1. A hypothetical condition in which a fungus or fungus-like organism exists symbiotically within a plant by combination of its cytoplasm with that of the plant cells. Now disused or historical.Originally suggested in connection with the root nodules of leguminous plants (actually formed by bacteria of the genus Rhizobium), and later as a stage in the life cycle of rust fungi.

ΚΠ

1891 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 639 The bacteroids are therefore neither purely protoplasmic structures (Brunchorst) nor pure bacteria (Prazmowski) but a combination of the two, a mycoplasm.

1892 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19 205 The fungi combine with the protoplasm of the cells, forming a mixture called ‘mycoplasm’.

1898 Science 11 Nov. 653/2 (heading) Some observations bearing upon the Symbiotic Mycoplasm Theory of Grain Rust.

1912 New Phytologist 11 105 His [sc. Maire's] verdict upon Eriksson's mycoplasm hypothesis is an open one, but the arguments advanced against it by Marshall Ward have lost none of their force with the lapse of time.

1948 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75 492 The annual infection of cereals and of the alternate hosts has been attributed..to mycoplasm, mycelium, or urediniospores that remained in or on the seed.

2. = mycoplasma n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > other micro-organisms > [noun]

aerobian1865

anaerobian1865

microzyme1870

mycetes1874

pathogen1880

zooxanthella1882

aerobe1883

anaerobe1883

zymad1885

pathogerm1897

phytoflagellate1902

filter-passer1906

aerophile1907

zymocytea1909

fermenter1918

phytopathogen1918

phytomonad1926

pleuropneumonia-like organism1935

phototroph1941

mycoplasma1955

prokaryote1963

mycoplasm1964

serovar1973

spiroplasma1973

prokaryon1975

ureaplasma1975

1964 Science 4 Dec. 1354/1 Comparative biochemistry of mycoplasms and L-type organisms.

1974 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71 1861/1 The increase in frequency of modified bases in tRNA as one goes from mycoplasm to mammals might be related to the increasing importance of tRNA as a regulatory molecule.

1991 Science 15 Nov. 963/2 Various explanations..invoke the presence of other infective agents, such as mycoplasms, as necessary cofactors for the development of disease.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mycoplasm
释义	mycoplasmn. Brit. /ˈmʌɪkə(ʊ)plaz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˈmaɪkoʊˌplæz(ə)m/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: myco- comb. form, -plasm comb. form. Etymology: < myco- comb. form + -plasm comb. form; in sense 1 after German Mykoplasma (see mycoplasma n.); in sense 2 after scientific Latin Mycoplasma (see mycoplasma n.). Biology. 1. A hypothetical condition in which a fungus or fungus-like organism exists symbiotically within a plant by combination of its cytoplasm with that of the plant cells. Now disused or historical.Originally suggested in connection with the root nodules of leguminous plants (actually formed by bacteria of the genus Rhizobium), and later as a stage in the life cycle of rust fungi. ΚΠ 1891 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 639 The bacteroids are therefore neither purely protoplasmic structures (Brunchorst) nor pure bacteria (Prazmowski) but a combination of the two, a mycoplasm. 1892 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19 205 The fungi combine with the protoplasm of the cells, forming a mixture called ‘mycoplasm’. 1898 Science 11 Nov. 653/2 (heading) Some observations bearing upon the Symbiotic Mycoplasm Theory of Grain Rust. 1912 New Phytologist 11 105 His [sc. Maire's] verdict upon Eriksson's mycoplasm hypothesis is an open one, but the arguments advanced against it by Marshall Ward have lost none of their force with the lapse of time. 1948 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75 492 The annual infection of cereals and of the alternate hosts has been attributed..to mycoplasm, mycelium, or urediniospores that remained in or on the seed. 2. = mycoplasma n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > other micro-organisms > [noun] aerobian1865 anaerobian1865 microzyme1870 mycetes1874 pathogen1880 zooxanthella1882 aerobe1883 anaerobe1883 zymad1885 pathogerm1897 phytoflagellate1902 filter-passer1906 aerophile1907 zymocytea1909 fermenter1918 phytopathogen1918 phytomonad1926 pleuropneumonia-like organism1935 phototroph1941 mycoplasma1955 prokaryote1963 mycoplasm1964 serovar1973 spiroplasma1973 prokaryon1975 ureaplasma1975 1964 Science 4 Dec. 1354/1 Comparative biochemistry of mycoplasms and L-type organisms. 1974 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71 1861/1 The increase in frequency of modified bases in tRNA as one goes from mycoplasm to mammals might be related to the increasing importance of tRNA as a regulatory molecule. 1991 Science 15 Nov. 963/2 Various explanations..invoke the presence of other infective agents, such as mycoplasms, as necessary cofactors for the development of disease. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1891
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