单词 | mulct |
释义 | mulctn. Now chiefly historical. 1. A fine imposed for an offence. Also occasionally in extended use: a compulsory payment, a tax, esp. an unfair or arbitrary one. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > fine > [noun] witereden688 witec890 guiltwite964 ransom?c1225 amends1340 forfeiture1399 ush1417 recoverya1422 issue1424 unlaw1424 fine1430 forfeita1475 unlay1497 multure1533 estreatc1550 mulct1584 forfeitment1597 1584 B. R. tr. Herodotus Famous Hyst. ii. f. 94 The 5 other cityes..sequestred Halicarnassus, beyng the sixth, from the right and freedome of the temple: leviying a mulct or feine [Gk. ζημίη] uppon the whole citye. 1616 Sir C. Mountagu in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 249 The Low Countries have banished all our dyed cloths, and set such a mult on the white as will mar the trade. a1626 J. Horsey Relacion Trav. in E. A. Bond Russia at Close of 16th Cent. (1856) 207 This Emperowr reduced..their lawes..into a most..plain forme of a written lawe, for everie man..to..challenge upon a great mult to the crown judgment without delaye. 1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity xix. 71 For multitude and frequency of Transgressours brings in Mulcts and Fees to the Ecclesiastick Officers. 1715 A. Pope in tr. Homer Iliad I. iii. Observ. 248 The Mulct was reported to have been half the Goods then in the besieg'd City. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 86 A rape and adultery is punished with a mulct of nine head of cattle. 1816 T. L. Peacock Headlong Hall viii. 114 Imposed a heavy mulct on every one of his servants. 1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia I. iii. iii. 209 Humiliating peace, with mulct in money, and slightly in territory, attached to it. 1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. I. ii. 28 The state received the portion of the mulcts which in the monarchies fell to the king. 1943 R. Burgess & R. Blackburn We joined Navy 119 Mulct, a stoppage of pay. 1989 P. Dresch Tribes, Govt. & Hist. in Yemen iii. 83 It is generally agreed that a mulct on the whole tribe should be divided as half from al-Ṣayad and half from the other two together. a. A penalty or punishment of any kind. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > [noun] > penalty finec1300 penalityc1429 penalty1459 law1470 amends1562 rendera1616 mulcta1625 poena1859 a1625 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Knight of Malta iii. iii, in Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Lllll3/2 Chastity That lodges in deformity, appeares rather A mulct impos'd by nature, then a blessing. 1657 M. Hawke Killing is Murder & No Murder 38 He justly paid the mult of his head which forged them, and his hands which pressed them. 1724 R. Welton Substance Christian Faith 113 The losing of the soul..is to have a mulct inflicted upon the soul. 1755 W. Dodd Hymns of Callimachus 89 With no trivial mulct the proud presumption Of Atreus' son she [sc. Diana] fin'd. 1823 M. W. Shelley Valperga II. iv. 99 It appeared to him that he had paid the mulct of remorse and error. 1892 I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto I. 47 Nor was this the only mulct which Providence exacted from the happy father. b. A blemish, fault, or defect, esp. one considered as a penalty or punishment imposed by nature. Obsolete.This usage apparently found only in Massinger. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > lack of beauty > disfigurement > [noun] > a disfigurement or blemish tachec1330 vicec1386 flakec1400 plotc1400 offencec1425 defectc1450 disconformity1505 defection1526 blemish1535 fitch1550 blot1578 flaw1604 tainta1616 mulct1632 smitch1638 scarring1816 out1886 the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > imperfection > [noun] > an imperfection > defect or fault or flaw faultc1320 breckc1369 villainyc1400 offencec1425 defectc1450 defection1526 vitiosity1538 faintness1543 gall1545 eelist1549 mar1551 hole1553 blemish1555 wart1603 flaw1604 mulct1632 wound1646 failurea1656 misfeature1818 bug1875 out1886 1632 P. Massinger Maid of Honour i. ii. sig. C4 Ber. If so, what diverts Your Favour from me? Cami. No mulct in your selfe, Or in your person, mind or fortune. 1639 P. Massinger Unnaturall Combat iv. i. 118 That which all the world Admires and cries up in thee for perfections Are to unhappy me foule blemishes And mulcts in nature. CompoundsΚΠ 1610 J. Healey tr. J. L. Vives in tr. St. Augustine Citie of God iv. xiv. 174 Which P Posth. Megellus beeing Aedile built with the mulct-money [L. mulctaticia pecunia] hee hadde gathered. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mulctv. 1. transitive. To punish (a person, †an offence) by a fine; to exact money from (a person); to tax. Also (occasionally): †to subject to a penalty of any kind (obsolete).The penalty or amount is frequently expressed by a second object, or introduced by in. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > fine > [verb (transitive)] mulct?a1475 gersum1483 unlaw1508 finea1513 check1526 to be put to one's fine1542 punish1552 forfeitc1592 tinsel1609 sconce1641 physic1821 to fix (a person) with liability1833 log1889 society > authority > punishment > [verb (transitive)] threac897 tighta1000 beswinkc1175 punisha1325 chastise1362 paina1375 justifya1393 wage1412 reformc1450 chasten1526 thwart over thumba1529 chastifyc1540 amerce?1577 follow1579 to rap (a person) on the knuckles (also fingers)1584 finea1616 mulcta1620 fita1625 vindicate1632 trounce1657 reward1714 tawse1790 sort1815 to let (a person) have it1823 visit1836 to catch or get Jesse1839 to give, get goss1840 to have ita1848 to take (a person) to the woodshed1882 to give (one) snuff1890 soak1892 give1906 to weigh off1925 to tear down1938 zap1961 slap1968 ?a1475 (?a1425) in tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1882) VIII. App. 476 (MED) Michael Atte Pole..was convicte..of treason..for whiche cause he was..multed in xxm marke, to be payede to the kynge. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 642/1 I multe. 1611 B. Jonson Catiline v. sig. N4v Those townes, then to be mulcted, As enemies to the State. View more context for this quotation a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) i. x. §4. 101 They mulcted him with exile. 1667 R. Allestree Causes Decay Christian Piety v. 96 He that mulcts the more Indeliberate Oaths, may yet enjoyn a solemn Perjury. 1747 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 45/1 The master was mulcted all his pay. 1792 E. Burke Let. to H. Langrishe in Wks. VI. 355 Will you punish by deprivation of their privileges, or mulct in any other way, those who have tempted us? 1800 P. Colquhoun Treat. Commerce & Police R. Thames 664 On pain of being mulked when such arms are found rusty or unserviceable. 1858 J. B. Norton Topics for Indian Statesmen 81 Mulct the holders of India Stock, the fault is theirs. 1872 W. H. Dixon W. Penn (rev. ed.) iv. 142 The new sect were..mulcted in heavy fines. 1903 ‘T. Collins’ Such is Life iv. 153 Alf had been mulcted in five shillings trespass, with six guineas costs. 1946 G. M. Trevelyan Eng. Social Hist. xvii. 513 Tory parliaments had voted taxes to build churches in Anne's reign... But after 1832 no government dared propose to mulct the taxpayer for such a purpose. 1963 All Eng. Law Rep. 2 404 Unless a bad point be taken knowing it to be bad..then it would be a very dangerous doctrine indeed to say that the advocate ought to be mulcted in the costs because he took a point which failed. 2000 China Daily (Electronic ed.) 18 Mar. The Chinese Football Association (CFA) mulcted Shenyang Huachen and Qianwei Huandao Club, who owns league teams Haishi and Longxin, RMB 400,000 yuan..yesterday. 2. a. transitive. To deprive or divest of. Usually in passive. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)] > deprive (of) benimc890 to do of ——eOE bedealc1000 disturbc1230 bereavec1275 reave?a1300 acquitc1300 benemec1300 deprivec1330 privea1382 subvertc1384 oppressc1395 abridgea1400 to bate of, from1399 lessa1400 nakena1400 dischargea1425 privatec1425 to bring outa1450 abatec1450 sever?1507 spulyie?1507 denude1513 disable1529 distrain1530 destituec1540 destitutec1540 defalk1541 to turn out of ——1545 discomfit1548 wipe1549 nude1551 disannul?a1556 bereft1557 diminish1559 benoom1563 joint1573 uncase1583 rid1585 disarm1590 visitc1592 ease1600 dispatch1604 unfurnisha1616 rig1629 retrench1640 unbecomea1641 disentail1641 cashier1690 twin1722 mulct1748 fordo1764 to do out of ——1796 to cut out1815 bate1823 deprivate1832 devoid1878 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. ix. 397 The Linguist was seized, and..mulcted of whatever he had gotten in the Commodore's service. 1833 I. Taylor Fanaticism vi. 201 Let any one conceive himself..to be mulct at once of manhood and humanity. 1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 233/1 When..the wages of which the men are mulct go to increase the profits of the capitalist, [etc.]. 1902 Contemp. Rev. Dec. 838 Every third year each tree is mulcted of her spreading boughs. 1980 C. S. Marcus Conquest N. Atlantic ii. 102 The offender was mulcted of two silver marks. b. transitive. To swindle (a person); to defraud, cheat (of property, money, etc.). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > defrauding or swindling > defraud or swindle [verb] mulcta1843 a1843 J. Stewart Sketches Sc. Char. (1857) 145 The gawcy change-house luckies lauch and mulct the drucken fule. 1877 Fraser's Mag. 16 226/2 Mulcted of my right by thy fraud and covin. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xv. [Circe] 482 A new purchase at some monster sale for which a gull has been mulcted. Meretricious finery to deceive the eye. 1947 Sat. Rev. (U.S.) 17 May 18/2 He..mulcted Shelly of the equivalent of seventy-five thousand dollars. 1991 E. S. Connell Alchymist's Jrnl. (1992) 11 Three-fingered magicians quick to mulct apoplectic curates—they traffic lotion to soothe the spirit while Lazarus lies howling outside the gate. 3. transitive. To obtain or exact (money, etc.) of or from a person or a person's supply of money. In later use esp.: to obtain by deceit or extortion. ΚΠ 1847 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Jan. 64 Here's a note to T-m C-mpb-ll, (indorsed, ‘From a Peer’,) To mulct Income-Tax from his hundred a-year. 1888 Littell's Living Age 23 June 737/1 The amount was put down in the half-yearly school-bill, to be paid by our parents instead of being mulcted from our pocket-money. 1948 W. C. Williams Paterson II. ii. 1 Cash is mulct of them that others may live secure. 1975 Forbes 1 Sept. (Nexis) 64/2 Today some attorneys successfully use their orations to mulct large fees from insurance companies—and in the end, the general public. 1990 N.Y. Times 15 Aug. a26/4 The money from the excessive Social Security taxes originally mulcted from wage earners will never be available for Social Security purposes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1584v.?a1475 |
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