mugn.¹

Brit.

/mʌɡ/, U.S.

/məɡ/

Forms: Middle English mogges (plural, in sense 1), 1500s mogge, 1500s mugge, 1600s–1700s mugg, 1600s– mug; Scottish pre-1700 mvg, pre-1700 mwg, pre-1700 mwgg, pre-1700 1700s mugg, pre-1700 1700s– mug.

Origin: Of uncertain origin.

Etymology: Origin uncertain; apparently related to Dutch mok mug (late 19th cent.), German regional (Low German) muck, German regional (Low German: East Friesland) mukke mug, Norwegian mugge open can or jug, Danish mugge, Swedish mugg mug, and also French regional moque, (Guernsey) mogue jug, cup, but the relationships between these words are unclear, and their further etymology is unknown.With sense 1 perhaps compare Middle Dutch moken , variant of modekijn (ultimately < classical Latin modius modius n.).

†1. A dry measure (in quot., used for salt). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > specific liquid or dry units

miteOE

meta1325

suma1325

measurec1325

last1341

maund1365

pottlea1382

mug1400

mutchkin?1425

eightin-dele1440

rotec1484

sixtera1492

stortkyn1501

tolbot1536

firlot1549

sleek1705

modius1802

ton tight-

1400 in M. T. Löfvenberg Contrib. Middle Eng. Lexicogr. & Etymol. (1946) 60 (MED) [About 180] mogges [of salt].

2. Chiefly Scottish and English regional. A (usually large) earthenware vessel or bowl; a pot, a jug, a ewer.pan-mug: see pan n.¹ Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > [noun] > earthenware vessel

crockc1000

pigc1450

pot1463

muga1522

olla1535

test1545

capruncle1657

fictile1849

cruche1856

figuline1878

a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) viii. Prol. 95 Sum gowkis quhill the glas pyg [etc.]..thocht clay muggis crakkis.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Pii^v/2 A Mugge, potte, ollula.

a1585 Ld. Polwart Flyting with Montgomerie 763 Lowsie lugs, leape jugs! toome the mugs on the midding.

1641 Edinb. Test. LIX. f. 269, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) Certane lame veshellis viz..apothecar cannis,..littell mugis, possett cops.

1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem ii. 9 Ther clouts and papers little mugs stops.

1725 Table Dues of Bridge of Glasgow 1 June Every Carrdraught of Butter in Muggs, or Kits..0. 2. 0. Every Mugg of Honey..0. 0. 8.

1794 T. Wedge Agric. Cheshire 41 Placing a layer of salt upon the bottom of a mug, the [maw]skin is laid flat upon it.

1891 Tit-Bits 8 Aug. 280/1 The large earthenware utensil used for laundry purposes is known as a ‘mug’.

a1903 M. Bailey in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) 193/1 [Lancashire] Mug, a basin in which milk is set to stand to prepare for churning.

1982 in Dict. Bahamian Eng. 137/2 Mug,..a pitcher or jug.

a. A drinking vessel, frequently cylindrical (and now usually with a handle), generally used without a saucer.A silver mug is a traditional christening gift to a child.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > drinking vessel > [noun]

chalicec825

napeOE

copc950

fullOE

cupc1000

canOE

shalec1075

scalec1230

maselin?a1300

mazer1311

richardine1352

dish1381

fiole1382

pece1383

phialc1384

gobletc1400

bowl-cup1420

chalice-cup1420

crusec1420

mazer-cup1434

goddard1439

stoup1452

bicker1459

cowl1476

tankard1485

stop1489

hanapa1513

skull1513

Maudlin cup1544

Magdalene cup?a1549

mazer bowl1562

skew1567

shell1577

godet1580

mazard1584

bousing-can1590

cushion1594

glove1609

rumkin1636

Maudlin pot1638

Pimlico1654

mazer dish1656

mug1664

tumbler1664

souce1688

streaker1694

ox-eye1703

false-cup1708

tankard-cup1745

poculum1846

phiale1867

tumbler-cup1900

stem-cup1915

sippy cup1986

1664 C. Cotton Scarronides 107 Dido..takes a Mug, that held Two Quarts..: And thus begins, Here Sirs, here's to you.

1688 London Gaz. No. 2316/4 A Mug,..a set of Casters, and an Orange-Strainer, all of Silver.

1782 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (ed. 3) V. 94 Mr. Place discovered..a method of making porcelaine,..of which manufacture he gave Thoresby a fine mug.

1845 C. Dickens Chimes i. 5 They had had their Godfathers and Godmothers, these Bells..and had had their silver mugs no doubt, besides.

1880 R. Broughton Second Thoughts II. iii. viii. 254 From the time when he held her at the font, and gave her a mug and a rattle, he has always called his betrothed Sophia.

1886 J. K. Jerome Idle Thoughts (1889) 142 Life tastes much the same, whether we quaff it from a golden goblet or drink it out of a stone mug.

1937 Discovery Sept. 277/1 Fill a half-pint mug.

1967 R. Dahl Charlie & Chocolate Factory xviii. 72 Mr. Wonka..picked up a large mug,..filled it with chocolate, and handed it to Charlie.

1988 M. M. R. Khan When Spring Comes iii. 81 A mug with a handle..for morning coffee, and for chocolate at night.

b. A mug with the drink it contains, a mugful; the drink contained in a mug.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > amount defined by capacity > [noun] > amount that fills a receptacle > cup or mug

cupful?a1400

gobletful?c1425

tass1480

mug1682

teacup1758

mugful1838

scaleful1844

1682 J. Dryden Mac Flecknoe 9 A mighty Mug of Potent Ale.

1739 Joe Miller's Jests No. 133 I say, bring this Fellow a Mugg of Strong Beer.

1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop i. i. 42 Kit..carried a large slice of bread and meat and a mug of beer.

1903 Contemp. Rev. May 644 Twenty to thirty good sized mugs of malt liquor in an evening is by no means out of the way at academical gatherings.

1959 W. R. Bird These are Maritimes vii. 190 She kept the jug in the cellar and boy when you came in and had a mug of that switchel it was worth while.

1985 J. Howker Nature of Beast i. 10 He hadn't touched the mug of tea I'd made for him.

c. U.S. colloquial. A silver drinking vessel awarded as a prize; a cup. rare.

ΚΠ

1791 Hothfield Races (single sheet) (advt.) On Wednesday June 22d. 1791: will be run for, a silver mug [etc.].

1890 Harper's Mag. Sept. 593/1 When the cruise is done and the mugs have escaped them.

1949 P. Cummings Dict. Sports 274 Mug, a trophy cup or bowl.

4. A kind of cooling drink. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > types or qualities of beverage > [noun] > cooling drink

refrigerant1826

mug1829

febrifuge1860

1829 Sporting Mag. 23 268 The refreshing but dangerous liquor..known by the appellation of ‘mug’.

1865 Indian Domest. Econ. (ed. 6) 325 Cool Tankard or Mug.

Compounds

mug hunter n. U.S. colloquial = pot-hunter n. 2b.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > player or sportsperson > [noun] > contender for prizes

athlete?a1425

agonist1623

pot-hunter1874

mug hunter1883

finalist1898

1883 Harper's Mag. Aug. 443/2 To the..mug-hunters [at yacht-races] it meant all three.

1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §636/21 Contestant for a prize, mug hunter or chaser, pot hunter.

1986 W. Safire in N.Y. Times Mag. 20 Apr. 14/5 To a golfer, it [sc. a sandbagger] is a mug-hunter with an inflated handicap.

mug-hunting n. U.S. colloquial = pot-hunting adj.

ΚΠ

1890 Harper's Mag. Sept. 593/1 He may be bitten by the tarantula of matches, be possessed of the fury of mug-hunting.

1922 St. Nicholas July 907/1 Once I have reached the finals, that incentive for striving is gone—nothing is left but the spoils of mug-hunting.

mug tree n. a small stand having angled branches from which mugs may be hung by their handles.

ΚΠ

1976 Scotsman 20 Nov. 10/5 It was a delight to visit Studio One [sc. a kitchenware shop] up at Morningside Road, Edinburgh... Even discovered a mug tree.

2000 Mirror (Electronic ed.) 7 Mar. Lara slid off the work top, breaking my mug tree in the process and fracturing her wrist.

mugware n. British regional earthenware.

ΚΠ

1900 Daily News 9 Oct. 3/1 The old brown mugware settling pans have also passed into the limbo of a now almost forgotten age.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mugn.²

Brit.

/mʌɡ/, U.S.

/məɡ/, Scottish English

/mʌɡ/

Forms: 1500s mugge, 1600s– mug, 1700s– mugg.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: mugged adj.¹

Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps shortened < mugged adj.¹ (see note below).

Chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern). Now rare.

In full mug sheep. A breed of sheep having the face completely covered with wool; a sheep of this breed. So mug ewe, mug lamb, etc.In some glossaries explained as a ‘pollard’ or ‘hornless’ sheep; this may have been the original sense: cf. mugged adj.¹

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > specific breeds or members of

mug1596

down1721

Shropshire1768

Norfolk sheep1778

Ryeland1786

Southdown1786

Persian1794

Leicester1798

Southdowner1799

Ryeland1802

loaghtan1812

Manx loaghtan1812

herdwick1837

Wallachian1837

Norfolk1851

Teeswater1861

bluefaced Leicester1864

Rough Fell1871

Border Leicester1873

Mexican1878

Cheviot1883

fat-tail1888

pampas1892

pampas sheep1895

turbary1908

karakul1913

East Friesian1949

Texel1949

Norfolk Horn1961

Colbred1962

1596 Fairfax Inventory in Archaeologia (1884) 48 152 Item weather mugges xxviij. Item mugge lambes vj^xxix.

1623 R. Brathwait Shepheards Tales 26 For good mug-sheepe and cattell..None could come neare thee.

1776 I. Fletcher Diary 19 July (1994) 321 Cliped the three mug lambs.

1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VI. 25 The sheep are of the English mugg kind.

1820 W. Scott Monastery I. Introd. Ep. 18 A wig like the curled back of a mug-ewe.

1879 Zoologist 3 356 They are all Scotch ewes for breeding, and first-rate Leicester tups, called in the dale [sc. Nidderdale] ‘mugs’.

a1903 W. Heckley in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 194/1 [N. Yorkshire] Mug tupe, a ram of the large breed, freq. put among Scotch yows.

a1919 W. B. Kendall Forness Word Bk. (Cumbria County Archives, Barrow) (transcript of MS) Mugg, a sheep without horns; cross between Leicesters and Fell sheep.

1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 85/1 Mug, the old term for the large Teeswater breed of sheep.

1974 Recorded Interview (Brit. Libr. Sound Archive) (Survey Eng. Dialects: C908) Track 7 [Yorkshire] Them sheep is just sold as uncrossed sheep... A mug tup—that's a Wensleydale tup.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mugn.³

Brit.

/mʌɡ/, U.S.

/məɡ/

Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: mug n.¹

Etymology: Probably < mug n.¹, perhaps in allusion to the drinking mugs made to represent a grotesque human face which were common in the 18th cent.With sense 3 compare earlier mug v.⁴

slang.

a. A face, esp. an unattractive one.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > [noun]

leera700

nebeOE

onseneeOE

wlitec950

anlethOE

nebshaftc1225

snouta1300

facec1300

visage1303

semblantc1315

vicea1325

cheera1350

countenance1393

front1398

fashiona1400

visurec1400

physiognomyc1425

groina1500

faxa1522

favour1525

facies1565

visor1575

complexiona1616

frontispiecea1625

mun1667

phiz1687

mug1708

mazard1725

physiog1791

dial plate1811

fizzog1811

jiba1825

dial1837

figurehead1840

Chevy Chase1859

mooey1859

snoot1861

chivvy1889

clock1899

map1899

mush1902

pan1920

kisser1938

boat1958

boat race1958

punim1965

1708 Brit. Apollo 13–18 Feb. My Lawyer has a Desk, nine Law-books without Covers, two with Covers, a Temple-Mug, and the hopes of being a Judge.

1798 G. Colman Heir at Law iii. ii. 47 Never let him clap his damned ugly mug in these here doors again.

1824 P. Egan Boxiana II. 412 His mug was often disfigured with the claret trickling down.

1850 E. FitzGerald Lett. (1889) I. 200 I found A. Tennyson in chambers at Lincoln's Inn: and recreated myself with a sight of his fine old mug.

1895 G. Meredith Amazing Marriage I. xvi. 186 Look at old Rufus Abrane. I see the state of the fight on the old fellow's mug. He hasn't a bet left in him!

1930 J. B. Priestley Angel Pavement ii. 84 They were all tired of seeing his depressing old mug.

1955 A. West Heritage i. 16 This is for you because you've got such a funny little mug.

1986 ‘L. Cody’ Under Contract xvi. 59 What! Miss a chance to get your ugly mug in the papers!

b. A grotesque or exaggerated (and frequently humorous) facial expression; a grimace, a ‘funny face’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > [noun] > grimace or distortion

mowc1330

mopa1475

mocks and mows1508

murgeons?a1513

face1533

smile1550

smilet1591

mump1592

ruffle1602

frown1608

stitcha1625

grimace1651

grimask1671

simagre1680

moppet1693

distortion1718

throw1790

rictus1827

mug1844

monkey-face1939

1844 E. R. Lancaster Manager's Daughter (ed. 2) in Oxberry's Budget of Plays I. 110/1 Who does he suppose was to cut comic mugs before noblemen, without being paid double sals.?

1865 Leaves from Diary Celebrated Burglar 109/1 Many were the queer ‘mugs’ put on by those who had been ‘gone through’... Artful..shook with suppressed laughter at the victim's bewildered and doleful phiz.

1907 J. M. Synge Playboy of Western World (1979) ii. 51 He'd be..making mugs at his own self in the bit of a glass we had hung on the wall.

1914 D. H. Lawrence Widowing of Mrs. Holroyd i. ii. 26 Oh, indeed! You think I've got to pull a mug to look decent? You'd have to pull a big 'un, at that rate.

1929 K. S. Prichard Coonardoo xvii. 169 The obstinate little mug Mollie had drawn her face into.

1995 Christian Sci. Monitor 10 May 13 Mary Alice leans forward and scrunches up her face into a delightfully comic mug: eyes wide, mouth open, and shoulders in a shrug.

c. Originally U.S. A photograph or other likeness of a person's face, esp. in police or other official records. Cf. mug shot n. at Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > [noun] > photograph by style or subject

high key1849

carte1861

carte-de-visite1861

wedding group1861

vignette1862

studio portrait1869

press photograph1873

cameo-type1874

war picture1883

mug1887

panel1888

snapshot1890

fuzz-type1893

stickyback1903

action photograph1904

action picture1904

scenic1913

still1916

passport photo1919

mosaic1920

press photo1923

oblique1925

action shot1927

passport photograph1927

profile shot1928

smudgea1931

glossy1931

photomontage1931

photomural1931

head shot1936

pin-up1943

mug shot1950

wedding photograph1956

wedding photo1966

full-frontal1970

photofit1970

split beaver1972

upskirt1994

selfie2002

1887 Lantern (New Orleans) 9 July 2/2 He had his mug taken in fireman's clothes.

1889 C. T. Clarkson & J. H. Richardson Police! xxiii. 323 Circulating thieves' photos... Pushing the mugs round.

1940 R. Chandler Farewell, my Lovely vi. 43 Nulty turned over a photo..and handed it to me. It was a police mug, front and profile.

1982 ‘L. Cody’ Bad Company vii. 46 We've been showing them the books, natch, and some women picked out a mug.

2. The mouth.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > mouth > [noun]

moutheOE

billa1000

munc1400

mussa1529

mouc1540

gan1567

gob1568

bouche1582

oven1593

taster1596

Pipe Office1609

neba1616

gab1681

gam1724

mouthpiece1738

potato-trap1785

potato-jaw1791

fly-trapc1795

trap1796

mouthie1801

mug1820

gin-trap1824

rattletrap1824

box1830

mouf1836

bread trap1838

puss1844

tater-trap1846

gash1852

kissing trap1854

shop1855

north and south1858

mooey1859

kisser1860

gingerbread-trap1864

bazoo1877

bake1893

tattie-trap1894

yap1900

smush1930

gate1937

cakehole1943

motormouth1976

pie hole1983

geggie1985

1820 J. H. Reynolds Fancy 27 Speak, Mrs. Tims; open thy mug, my dear; Mouths here are made to speak, and not to eat.

1835 T. C. Haliburton Clockmaker (1837) 1st. Ser. xx. 202 Hold your mug, you old nigger.

1896 E. Turner Little Larrikin xvii. 192 I was afraid I must have said ‘Shut your mug’, or ‘chump’.

1939 S. Spender tr. E. Toller Pastor Hall 64 Shut your dirty mug!

3. The act of throttling or strangling a person. Usually in to put the mug on (someone).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > [noun] > strangulation

stranglec1386

strangling1398

chokingc1440

worrying1483

strangulation1542

throttling1599

wringing1843

mug1862

1862 Sessions Papers Cent. Criminal Court 26 Nov. 41 Roberts..said, ‘You want me for putting the mug on, do you? I will put the b—y mug on you.’

1862 Sessions Papers Cent. Criminal Court 26 Nov. 41 Mug is slang used by thieves; it means garotting.

1902 H. Hapgood Autobiogr. Thief (1912) 271 I explained how I would ‘put the mug on her’ while my husky pal went through her.

1940 Amer. Speech 15 121/1 To put the mug on (a mark), to put a stranglehold on a mark who grows obstreperous after he has been fleeced.

1955 Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. No. 24. 171 A strangle hold is applied... This hold is called..a mug on the East Coast.

Compounds

mug book n. U.S. (a) a book in which business or professional people publicize themselves and are exhibited in flattering photographs; (b) a book containing photographs of people's faces, esp. in police records.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > police records

police blotter1861

charge-sheet1866

murder book1876

blotter1887

charge-book1890

crime sheet1902

mug book1902

occurrence book1929

rap sheet1949

sheet1958

murder file1967

murder log1972

1902 C. L. Cullen More Ex-tank Tales iv. 85 I'd often seen him in New York, and I'd seen his mush in Byrnes's mug book, too.

1935 A. J. Pollock Underworld Speaks 78/2 Mug book, a book published for prominent business and professional men who are induced by high pressure solicitors to vividly write about themselves with youthful photographs. They pay well for this blue book privilege.

1938 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 43 918 The specialized occupation most frequently listed in the police mugbook was that of cannery worker.

1947 Pacific Reporter 2nd Ser. 158 342 The next day, at the police station, a woman customer who had witnessed the holdup and murder picked out from the mug book the appellant as one of the bandits.

1958 J. Hawkins & W. Hawkins Death Watch (1959) i. 19 I couldn't find him in the mug books; his picture isn't there.

1994 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 81 321/2 The final product has the feel of a ‘mug book’ that honors all without enough clarifying analysis for the reader.

mugfaker n. now rare a street photographer.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > photographer > [noun] > types in general

portraitist1857

street photographer1859

mugfaker1880

Kodaker1890

snap-shooter1890

snapshottist1891

snapshotter1899

telephotographer1899

snapper1910

documentarian1951

smudger1961

smudge1968

pictorialist1971

1880 Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 30 Apr. 216/2 It was alleged that defendant had alluded to the complainant as a ‘mug-faker’, and threatened to ‘make it hot’ for him if he caught him in a certain place.

1934 P. Allingham Cheapjack iv. 40 Thirty years on the road with a mug-faker and I come to Southend and graft to a bunch of grinnin' Lakes o' Killarneys.

1973 J. Hale Fort ii. 186 We swoop outwards into nothing towards the trippers on the sea wall, dodging the camera of the mug faker.

mug shot n. originally U.S. a photograph of a person's face, esp. in police or other official records (cf. sense 1c).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > [noun] > photograph by style or subject

high key1849

carte1861

carte-de-visite1861

wedding group1861

vignette1862

studio portrait1869

press photograph1873

cameo-type1874

war picture1883

mug1887

panel1888

snapshot1890

fuzz-type1893

stickyback1903

action photograph1904

action picture1904

scenic1913

still1916

passport photo1919

mosaic1920

press photo1923

oblique1925

action shot1927

passport photograph1927

profile shot1928

smudgea1931

glossy1931

photomontage1931

photomural1931

head shot1936

pin-up1943

mug shot1950

wedding photograph1956

wedding photo1966

full-frontal1970

photofit1970

split beaver1972

upskirt1994

selfie2002

1950 in H. Wentworth & S. B. Flexner Dict. Amer. Slang (1960) 349/1 Police passed around a mug shot of Willie.

1974 Daily Tel. 14 Nov. 2/2 From the mass of information collected, a picture is built up of the personalities in the IRA's command structure, and this is then used in the ‘mugshot’ booklets carried by soldiers on the streets.

1995 Frank Sept. 2/2 In the past, the mug shot has been taken by local portrait photographers.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mugn.⁴

Brit.

/mʌɡ/, U.S.

/məɡ/, Scottish English

/mʌɡ/

Forms: 1700s– mug, 1900s– mogg (Shetland), 1900s– mugg (Shetland).

Origin: Probably formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mug v.¹

Etymology: Probably < mug v.¹ Compare Old Icelandic mugga mist, drizzle, Swedish (regional) mugg , Danish mug damp, Norwegian (Nynorsk) mugg , mugge drizzle (compare also Norwegian mugg mildew, mould, Danish mug mould, probably the same word), probably ultimately < the same Germanic base as muck n.¹ Compare earlier muggish adj., muggy adj.¹

Scottish and English regional.

A mist, a fog; light rain or drizzle; a dull, damp, or gloomy atmosphere.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > mist > [noun]

misteOE

roke1292

vapourc1386

nyle1481

stove1513

fumec1550

rouka1586

misting1604

steam1612

dampa1616

petty-fog1641

smoke1648

brume1694

muga1728

ure1818

nebule1869

nebula1894

moist1903

M1904

clag1940

a1728 W. Kennett MS Coll. Provinc. Words (BL Lansdowne MS 1033) f. 254^v Mug, a mist or fog in Staffordsh.

1775 J. Ash New Dict. Eng. Lang. Mug (a cant word), a mist, a fog.

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) (at cited word) A mug is damp gloom, neither rain nor fog, but insinuating itself even into stout garments, somewhat in the manner of that which is in England called a Scotch mist.

1860 W. White All Round Wrekin xxx 'Twas nothin but mug agate, And wouldn't rain.

1882 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. at Muggy Theer wuz sich a mug this mornin', yo' couldna see 'afe-a-dozen yards afore yo'.

1932 A. Horsbøl tr. J. Jakobsen Etymol. Dict. Norn Lang. in Shetland II. 575/2 Mugg, soft, drizzling rain (mostly in warm weather), mugginess. More common in the form mogg.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mugn.⁵

Brit.

/mʌɡ/, U.S.

/məɡ/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mug v.⁵

Etymology: < mug v.⁵

slang. Now rare.

†1. An examination. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > educational administration > examination > [noun]

examination1421

examen1612

probation1645

trial1672

exam1837

mug1853

special1890

mid-year1895

periodical1897

test1910

assessment1956

1853 J. C. Maxwell in L. Campbell & W. Garnett Life J. C. Maxwell (1882) 191 I was down after the Mug [note: Trinity College Examination] with Tayler's uncle in Suffolk.

2. A person who learns a subject by concentrated study.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > learning > learner > [noun] > diligent pupil or student

muzz1788

sap1798

sapper1825

swot1850

mug1880

mugger1883

mugster1888

groise1913

swotter1919

swotty1929

brain-box1942

mothball1944

geek1957

achiever1960

tug1976

poindexter1981

dexter1985

1880 Punch 7 Aug. 59/2 No one learns their lessons now, except the regular mugs, and fellows grinding for an Exam!

1888 B. Lowsley Gloss. Berks. Words & Phrases Mug, as a schoolboy's expression to work hard, and one who does so is somewhat contemptuously termed ‘a mug’ by others who [etc.].

1901 Daily News 6 Feb. 9/5 At the University of Oxford a ‘mug’ is a person who is not given to sport, or any indulgence, but who reads a great many books which he doesn't understand.

a1908 H. C. Hart MS Coll. Ulster Words in M. Traynor Eng. Dial. Donegal (1953) 191/2 Mug, one who applies closely to his books; a schoolboy term.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mugn.⁶adj.¹

Brit.

/mʌɡ/, U.S.

/məɡ/

Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: mug n.³

Etymology: Probably < mug n.³, with reference to a foolish or stupid appearance. Compare earlier muggins n.

colloquial.

A. n.⁶

1. A stupid or incompetent person; a fool or simpleton; a gullible person, a dupe.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > stupid person, dolt, blockhead > [noun]

asseOE

sotc1000

beastc1225

long-ear?a1300

stock1303

buzzard1377

mis-feelinga1382

dasarta1400

stonea1400

dasiberd14..

dottlec1400

doddypoll1401

dastardc1440

dotterel1440

dullardc1440

wantwit1449

jobardc1475

nollc1475

assheada1500

mulea1500

dull-pate15..

peak1509

dulbert?a1513

doddy-patec1525

noddypolla1529

hammer-head1532

dull-head?1534

capon1542

dolt1543

blockhead1549

cod's head1549

mome1550

grout-head1551

gander1553

skit-brains?1553

blocka1556

calfa1556

tomfool1565

dunce1567

druggard1569

cobble1570

dummel1570

Essex calf1573

jolthead1573

hardhead1576

beetle-head1577

dor-head1577

groutnoll1578

grosshead1580

thickskin1582

noddyship?1589

jobbernowl1592

beetle-brain1593

Dorbel1593

oatmeal-groat1594

loggerhead1595

block-pate1598

cittern-head1598

noddypoop1598

dorbellist1599

numps1599

dor1601

stump1602

ram-head1605

look-like-a-goose1606

ruff1606

clod1607

turf1607

asinego1609

clot-poll1609

doddiea1611

druggle1611

duncecomb1612

ox-head1613

clod-polla1616

dulman1615

jolterhead1620

bullhead1624

dunderwhelpa1625

dunderhead1630

macaroona1631

clod-patea1635

clota1637

dildo1638

clot-pate1640

stupid1640

clod-head1644

stub1644

simpletonian1652

bottle-head1654

Bœotiana1657

vappe1657

lackwit1668

cudden1673

plant-animal1673

dolt-head1679

cabbage head1682

put1688

a piece of wood1691

ouphe1694

dunderpate1697

numbskull1697

leather-head1699

nocky1699

Tom Cony1699

mopus1700

bluff-head1703

clod skull1707

dunny1709

dowf1722

stupe1722

gamphrel1729

gobbin?1746

duncehead1749

half-wit1755

thick-skull1755

jackass1756

woollen-head1756

numbhead1757

beef-head1775

granny1776

stupid-head1792

stunpolla1794

timber-head1794

wether heada1796

dummy1796

noghead1800

staumrel1802

muttonhead1803

num1807

dummkopf1809

tumphya1813

cod's head and shoulders1820

stoopid1823

thick-head1824

gype1825

stob1825

stookiea1828

woodenhead1831

ning-nong1832

log-head1834

fat-head1835

dunderheadism1836

turnip1837

mudhead1838

donkey1840

stupex1843

cabbage1844

morepork1845

lubber-head1847

slowpoke1847

stupiditarian1850

pudding-head1851

cod's head and shoulders1852

putty head1853

moke1855

mullet-head1855

pothead1855

mug1857

thick1857

boodle1862

meathead1863

missing link1863

half-baked1866

lunk1867

turnip-head1869

rummy1872

pumpkin-head1876

tattie1879

chump1883

dully1883

cretin1884

lunkhead1884

mopstick1886

dumbhead1887

peanut head1891

pie-face1891

doughbakea1895

butt-head1896

pinhead1896

cheesehead1900

nyamps1900

box head1902

bonehead1903

chickenhead1903

thickwit1904

cluck1906

boob1907

John1908

mooch1910

nitwit1910

dikkop1913

goop1914

goofus1916

rumdum1916

bone dome1917

moron1917

oik1917

jabroni1919

dumb-bell1920

knob1920

goon1921

dimwit1922

ivory dome1923

stone jug1923

dingleberry1924

gimp1924

bird brain1926

jughead1926

cloth-head1927

dumb1928

gazook1928

mouldwarp1928

ding-dong1929

stupido1929

mook1930

sparrow-brain1930

knobhead1931

dip1932

drip1932

epsilon1932

bohunkus1933

Nimrod1933

dumbass1934

zombie1936

pea-brain1938

knot-head1940

schlump1941

jarhead1942

Joe Soap1943

knuckle-head1944

nong1944

lame-brain1945

gobshite1946

rock-head1947

potato head1948

jerko1949

turkey1951

momo1953

poop-head1955

a right one1958

bam1959

nong-nong1959

dickhead1960

dumbo1960

Herbert1960

lamer1961

bampot1962

dipshit1963

bamstick1965

doofus1965

dick1966

pillock1967

zipperhead1967

dipstick1968

thickie1968

poephol1969

yo-yo1970

doof1971

cockhead1972

nully1973

thicko1976

wazzock1976

motorhead1979

mouth-breather1979

no-brainer1979

jerkwad1980

woodentop1981

dickwad1983

dough ball1983

dickweed1984

bawheid1985

numpty1985

jerkweed1988

dick-sucker1989

knob-end1989

Muppet1989

dingus1997

dicksack1999

eight ball-

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > duping, making a fool of > [noun] > gullible person, dupe > esp. in betting game

pigeon?1525

vincent1591

mug1857

1857 ‘Ducange Anglicus’ Vulgar Tongue 13 Mug, dupe. ‘Who is the mug?’

1861 H. Mayhew London Labour (new ed.) III. 193/2 We sometimes have a greenhorn wants to go out pitching with us—a ‘mug’, we calls them.

1894 J. N. Maskelyne ‘Sharps & Flats’ 170 It does not need much persuasion to induce the ‘mug’ to take the bank.

1922 ‘R. Crompton’ Just—William ix. 122 ‘You're a mug,’ she said in her clear, sweet voice. ‘I know a mountaineering game worth ten of that old thing.’

1960 J. R. Ackerley We think World of You 8 It was me own fault. I was a mug. I've no one but meself to blame.

1990 Internat. Managem. Mar. 68/3 On the whole, it's the mug who pays full whack at a hotel these days.

2. A person, fellow, chap (now archaic); spec. (a) a rough or ugly person; a criminal; (b) Criminals' slang a person who is not part of the underworld; (c) slang a policeman.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > [noun]

hadc900

lifesmaneOE

maneOE

world-maneOE

ghostOE

wyeOE

lifeOE

son of manOE

wightc1175

soulc1180

earthmanc1225

foodc1225

person?c1225

creaturec1300

bodyc1325

beera1382

poppetc1390

flippera1400

wat1399

corsec1400

mortal?a1425

deadly?c1450

hec1450

personagec1485

wretcha1500

human1509

mundane1509

member1525

worma1556

homo1561

piece of flesh1567

sconce1567

squirrel?1567

fellow creature1572

Adamite1581

bloat herringa1586

earthling1593

mother's child1594

stuff1598

a piece of flesh1600

wagtail1607

bosom1608

fragment1609

boots1623

tick1631

worthy1649

earthlies1651

snap1653

pippin1665

being1666

personal1678

personality1678

sooterkin1680

party1686

worldling1687

human being1694

water-wagtail1694

noddle1705

human subject1712

piece of work1713

somebody1724

terrestrial1726

anybody1733

individual1742

character1773

cuss1775

jig1781

thingy1787

bod1788

curse1790

his nabs1790

article1796

Earthite1814

critter1815

potato1815

personeityc1816

nibs1821

somebody1826

tellurian1828

case1832

tangata1840

prawn1845

nigger1848

nut1856

Snooks1860

mug1865

outfit1867

to deliver the goods1870

hairpin1879

baby1880

possum1894

hot tamale1895

babe1900

jobbie1902

virile1903

cup of tea1908

skin1914

pisser1918

number1919

job1927

apple1928

mush1936

face1944

jong1956

naked ape1965

oke1970

punter1975

the world > people > person > man > [noun]

churla800

werec900

rinkeOE

wapmanc950

heOE

wyeOE

gomeOE

ledeOE

seggeOE

shalkOE

manOE

carmanlOE

mother bairnc1225

hemea1250

mother sona1250

hind1297

buck1303

mister mana1325

piecec1325

groomc1330

man of mouldc1330

hathela1350

sire1362

malea1382

fellowa1393

guestc1394

sergeant?a1400

tailarda1400

tulka1400

harlotc1405

mother's sona1470

frekea1475

her1488

masculinea1500

gentlemana1513

horse?a1513

mutton?a1513

merchant1549

child1551

dick1553

sorrya1555

knavea1556

dandiprat1556

cove1567

rat1571

manling1573

bird1575

stone-horse1580

loona1586

shaver1592

slave1592

copemate1593

tit1594

dog1597

hima1599

prick1598

dingle-dangle1605

jade1608

dildoa1616

Roger1631

Johnny1648

boy1651

cod1653

cully1676

son of a bitch1697

cull1698

feller1699

chap1704

buff1708

son of a gun1708

buffer1749

codger1750

Mr1753

he-man1758

fella1778

gilla1790

gloak1795

joker1811

gory1819

covey1821

chappie1822

Charley1825

hombre1832

brother-man1839

rooster1840

blokie1841

hoss1843

Joe1846

guy1847

plug1848

chal1851

rye1851

omee1859

bloke1861

guffin1862

gadgie1865

mug1865

kerel1873

stiff1882

snoozer1884

geezer1885

josser1886

dude1895

gazabo1896

jasper1896

prairie dog1897

sport1897

crow-eater1899

papa1903

gink1906

stud1909

scout1912

head1913

beezer1914

jeff1917

pisser1918

bimbo1919

bozo1920

gee1921

mush1936

rye mush1936

basher1942

okie1943

mugger1945

cat1946

ou1949

tess1952

oke1970

bra1974

muzhik1993

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > criminality > criminal person > [noun]

felon1297

wandelard1338

malefactora1438

malfetoura1450

stigmatic1597

stigmatist1607

criminal1610

mug1865

crook1879

heavy man1926

society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > crime > a criminal or law-breaker

waryOE

wandelard1338

breakerc1384

malefactora1438

law-breakerc1440

misgovernora1449

malfetoura1450

wrongdoer1501

contravener1567

criminal1610

contravenary1614

mug1865

crook1879

outlaw1880

punter1891

kink1914

heavy man1926

crim1927

antisocial1945

villain1960

banduluc1977

society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > policeman

truncheon officer1708

runner1735

horny1753

nibbing-cull1775

nabbing-cull1780

police officer1784

police constable1787

policeman1788

scout1789

nabman1792

nabber1795

pig1811

Bow-street officer1812

nab1813

peeler1816

split1819

grunter1823

robin redbreast1824

bulky1828

raw (or unboiled) lobster1829

Johnny Darm1830

polis1833

crusher1835

constable1839

police1839

agent1841

johndarm1843

blue boy1844

bobby1844

bluebottle1845

copper1846

blue1848

polisman1850

blue coat1851

Johnny1851

PC1851

spot1851

Jack1854

truncheonist1854

fly1857

greycoat1857

cop1859

Cossack1859

slop1859

scuffer1860

nailerc1863

worm1864

Robert1870

reeler1879

minion of the law1882

ginger pop1887

rozzer1888

nark1890

bull1893

grasshopper1893

truncheon-bearer1896

John1898

finger1899

flatty1899

mug1903

John Dunn1904

John Hop1905

gendarme1906

Johnny Hop1908

pavement pounder1908

buttons1911

flat-foot1913

pounder1919

Hop1923

bogy1925

shamus1925

heat1928

fuzz1929

law1929

narker1932

roach1932

jonnop1938

grass1939

roller1940

Babylon1943

walloper1945

cozzer1950

Old Bill1958

cowboy1959

monaych1961

cozzpot1962

policeperson1965

woolly1965

Fed1966

wolly1970

plod1971

roz1971

Smokey Bear1974

bear1975

beast1978

woodentop1981

Five-O1983

dibble1990

Bow-street runner-

1865 Leaves from Diary Celebrated Burglar 104/2 A parsel o' ‘mugs’ krushin' our karkasus awaiy in amung sutch'n a ‘push’.

1890 in A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang II. 73 ‘What are mugs?’ ‘Hard characters... Those are thieves from the First Ward, the fellows that rob immigrants, steal cotton from the bales,’ [etc.].

1895 E. W. Townsend Chimmie Fadden Explains 15 Dat Mr. Paul is de funniest mug you ever see.

1895 E. W. Townsend Chimmie Fadden Explains 17 De mug what plays de flute has de music all t'himself when de odder mugs in de orchestra don't do nottin.

1903 H. Hapgood Autobiogr. Thief (1904) xii. 267 I'm only stealin' for certain mugs (policemen) and fer those 'igher up, so they can buy real estate.

1921 P. Casey & T. Casey Gay-cat 302/2 Gee, guy, gun, mug, plug, stiff, etc.—a fellow.

1938 F. D. Sharpe Sharpe of Flying Squad i. 13 Underworld men and women speak of all outside their world as ‘mugs’.

1960 Observer 24 Jan. 5/2 There were recognised prop-men or putters up of jobs, what the mugs called master minds.

B. adj.¹ (attributive).

1. Foolish, stupid, incompetent; easily duped or defeated. Frequently in mug punter (see punter n.¹ 1b).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [adjective]

sloweOE

stuntc960

dullOE

hardOE

stuntlyc1000

sotc1050

dillc1175

dulta1225

simplea1325

heavy1340

astonedc1374

sheepishc1380

dull-witteda1387

lourd1390

steerishc1411

ass-likea1425

brainless?a1439

deafc1440

sluggishc1450

short-witted1477

obtuse1509

peakish1519

wearish1519

deaf, or dumb as a beetle1520

doileda1522

gross1526

headlessa1530

stulty1532

ass-headed1533

pot-headed1533

stupid?1541

sheep's head1542

doltish1543

dumpish1545

assish1548

blockish1548

slow-witted1548

blockheaded1549

surd1551

dull-headed1552

hammer-headed1552

skit-brained?1553

buzzardly1561

witless1562

log-headeda1566

assy1566

sottish1566

dastardly1567

stupidious1567

beetle-headed1570

calvish1570

bluntish1578

cod's-headed1578

grout-headed1578

bedaft1579

dull-pated1580

blate1581

buzzard-like1581

long-eared1582

dullard1583

woodena1586

duncical1588

leaden-headed1589

buzzard1592

dorbellical1592

dunstical1592

heavy-headeda1593

shallow-brained1592

blunt-witted1594

mossy1597

Bœotian1598

clay-brained1598

fat1598

fat-witted1598

knotty-pated1598

stupidous1598

wit-lost1599

barren1600

duncifiedc1600

lourdish1600

stockish1600

thick1600

booby1603

leaden-pated1603

partless1603

thin-headed1603

leaden-skulledc1604

blockhead1606

frost-brained1606

ram-headed1608

beef-witted1609

insulse1609

leaden-spirited1609

asininec1610

clumse1611

blockheadly1612

wattle-headed1613

flata1616

logger-headeda1616

puppy-headeda1616

shallow-patedc1616

thick-brained1619

half-headed1621

buzzard-blinda1625

beef-brained1628

toom-headed1629

thick-witted1634

woollen-witted1635

squirrel-headed1637

clod-pated1639

lean-souled1639

muddy-headed1642

leaden-witteda1645

as sad as any mallet1645

under-headed1646

fat-headed1647

half-witted1647

insipid1651

insulsate1652

soft-headed1653

thick-skulleda1657

muddish1658

non-intelligent1659

whey-brained1660

sap-headed1665

timber-headed1666

leather-headeda1668

out of (one's) tree1669

boobily1673

thoughtless1673

lourdly1674

logger1675

unintelligenta1676

Bœotic1678

chicken-brained1678

under-witted1683

loggerhead1684

dunderheaded1692

unintelligible1694

buffle-headed1697

crassicc1700

numbskulled1707

crassous1708

doddy-polled1708

haggis-headed1715

niddy-noddy1722

muzzy1723

pudding-headed1726

sumphish1728

pitcher-souleda1739

duncey1743

hebete1743

chuckheaded1756

dumb1756

duncely1757

imbecile1766

mutton-headed1768

chuckle-headed1770

jobbernowl1770

dowfarta1774

boobyish1778

wittol1780

staumrel1787

opaquec1789

stoopid1791

mud-headed1793

borné1795

muzzy-headed1798

nog-headed1800

thick-headed1801

gypit1804

duncish1805

lightweight1809

numbskull1814

tup-headed1816

chuckle-pate1820

unintellectuala1821

dense1822

ninnyish1822

dunch1825

fozy1825

potato-headed1826

beef-headed1828

donkeyish1831

blockheadish1833

pinheaded1837

squirrel-minded1837

pumpkin-headed1838

tomfoolish1838

dundering1840

chicken-headed1842

like a bump on a log1842

ninny-minded1849

numbheadeda1852

nincompoopish1852

suet-brained1852

dolly1853

mullet-headed1853

sodden1853

fiddle-headed1854

numb1854

bovine1855

logy1859

crass1861

unsmart1861

off his chump1864

wooden-headed1865

stupe1866

lean-minded1867

duffing1869

cretinous1871

doddering1871

thick-head1873

doddling1874

stupido1879

boneheaded1883

woolly-headed1883

leaden-natured1889

suet-headed1890

sam-sodden1891

dopey1896

turnip-headed1898

bonehead1903

wool-witted1905

peanut-headed1906

peanut-brained1907

dilly1909

torpid-minded1909

retardate1912

nitwitted1917

meat-headed1918

mug1922

cloth-headed1925

loopy1925

nitwit1928

lame-brained1929

dead from the neck up1930

simpy1932

nail-headed1936

square-headed1936

dingbats1937

pinhead1939

dim-witted1940

pea-brained1942

clueless1943

lobotomized1943

retarded1949

pointy-headed1950

clottish1952

like a stunned mullet1953

silly (or crazy) as a two-bob watch1954

out to lunch1955

pin-brained1958

dozy1959

eejity1964

out of one's tiny mind1965

doofus1967

twitty1967

twittish1969

twatty1975

twattish1976

blur1977

dof1979

goofus1981

dickheaded1991

dickish1991

numpty1992

cockish1996

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > duping, making a fool of > [adjective] > gullible

weak1423

simple-minded1556

gullish1598

soft1621

cheatable1647

miscarriageablea1656

bubbleable1668

imposablea1734

cullible1811

gullable1817

humbuggable1819

gullible1825

dupable1833

pigeonable1844

fleeceable1868

bluffable1885

hoodwinkable1889

yobbish1910

mug1922

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > [noun] > player of games of chance > types of

card gospeller1550

carrow1577

eagle1608

piker1859

plunger1868

tinhorn gambler1885

pool shark1886

tinhorn1887

mug punter1922

1922 E. Wallace Flying Fifty-five xxxiii. 197 The mug punter was he who dreamed of long-priced winners and refused to bet on the six to four certainty preferring rather the hopeless proposition that started at twenty to one.

1963 T. Tullett Inside Interpol xvi. 216 There are still thousands of ‘mug’ criminals..who invariably make mistakes.

1985 L. Griffiths Arthur Daley's Guide to doing it Right 98 I despise mug punters, the kind of people who bet on every race.

1990 M. Harris Hemingway's Suitcase xvi. 122 The movie turned out about as she expected, both for the classy couple and the mug couple.

2. mug lair n. [ < sense A. + lair n.⁴] Australian slang (derogatory) a stupid show-off; a vulgar person; also attributive.

ΚΠ

1945 S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. 119 (note) Mug lair and bush lair, used offensively.

1965 Oz (Sydney) xxiii. 8 Now I reckon any bloke that goes for your technical apparatus is a mug lair mongrel!

1978 S. Ball Muma's Boarding House 141 Larry's a real mug lair—been training his boy since he could walk and reckons he's a world beater.

1993 Moreton Bay Big (Brisbane) 7 July 3/4 A big cheerio to the muglair coppers who felt it necessary to gun their Commodore through the Valley mall at high speed.

Compounds

mug-hunter n. a mugger who robs drunkards by night.

ΚΠ

1887 J. W. Horsley Jottings from Jail 95 An old mug-hunter, one, that is to say, of the wretched horde who haunt the street at midnight to rob drunken men.

mug's game n. a thankless task; a useless, foolish, or unprofitable activity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > uselessness, vanity, or futility > [noun] > a profitless undertaking

wild-goose race1594

wild goose chase1597

fool's erranda1629

job1680

water haul1823

rainbow chase1840

Sisyphism1846

blind alley1854

fool's gold1870

mug's game1900

Saltash luck1914

dead end1922

boondoggle1947

1900 D. Brownell Diary 18 July in J. Bufton Tasmanians in Transvaal War (1905) 304 Come to the conclusion that walking is a ‘mug's game’.

1910 H. Belloc Pongo & Bull xv. 233 One cannot arrest millionaires with impunity... Even in a wild democracy to arrest them is Mug's game.

1930 G. B. Shaw Apple Cart ii. 77 I am going out of politics. Politics is a mug's game.

1987 C. Simmons Belles Lettres Papers i. 19 Book reviewing is a mug's game when done regularly.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mugadj.²

Brit.

/mʌɡ/, U.S.

/məɡ/, Bermudian English /mɒɡ/, /mʌɡ/

Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: mug adj.¹

Etymology: Probably a specific use of mug adj.¹

Bermudian English slang (derogatory).

Unattractive, unappealing, unpleasant.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > lack of beauty > [adjective] > unattractive

unlustya1425

favourless1594

unpersonable1601

unpromising1632

untaking1683

uninviting1686

uncharming1687

charmless1710

plain-looking1744

unengaging1749

unattracting1776

unprepossessing1790

unattractive1813

attractionless1832

unappealing1846

unsweet1866

unwinning1890

unfaceable1899

unenticing1914

schlubby1968

mug2009

the mind > emotion > hatred > dislike > disgust > [adjective] > disgusting or repulsive

fulsomec1510

distasteful1607

stinkardly1616

reluctant1663

disgustful1678

fulsamic1694

disgusteda1716

disgustive1740

revolting1773

disgustable1787

repulsive1791

disgusting1839

foul1842

vomitorial1868

untouchable1873

icky1938

gross1959

grody1965

yechy1969

yucky1970

yuck1971

yuck-making1972

gross-out1973

skeevy1976

sleazoid1976

skanky1982

festy1995

mug2009

2009 @AkeenAnthony 1 June in twitter.com (accessed 28 July 2020) Robert pattinson is mug! Maybe it's bcuz I'm not a 12 year old girl.

2020 @itzjustdruw 23 Apr. in twitter.com (accessed 28 July 2020) [In response to Some of you bitches are just flat out mean.] And that's mug af.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mugv.¹

Brit.

/mʌɡ/, U.S.

/məɡ/, Scottish English

/mʌɡ/

Forms: Middle English muged (past tense), 1800s– mug, 1900s– mogg (Shetland), 1900s– mugg (Shetland).

Origin: Probably a borrowing from early Scandinavian.

Etymology: Probably < early Scandinavian (compare Icelandic mugga to snow in calm weather, Norwegian (Nynorsk) mugga to drizzle), probably ultimately < the same Germanic base as muck n.¹ Compare later mug n.⁴

Scottish and English regional.

intransitive. To rain lightly, to drizzle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > rain falls [verb (intransitive)] > rain fine rain

mugc1400

mizzle1439

mull1440

drizzle1566

haze1691

dag1825

smur1825

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 2080 (MED) Mist muged on þe mor, malt on þe mountez.

1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. (at cited word) To Mug, Muggle, to drizzle.

1861 J. Davidson Poems 93 Muggin' down in gentle drappies Ambrosial vivifyin' dew.

a1903 J. P. Kirk in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 193/2 [S. Nottinghamshire] It mugs a little; yer can't call it rain.

1932 A. Horsbøl tr. J. Jakobsen Etymol. Dict. Norn Lang. in Shetland II. 575/2 Mugg, to rain softly, to drizzle; mostly in warm weather. ‘He is muggin’, it is drizzling.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mugv.²

Brit.

/mʌɡ/, U.S.

/məɡ/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mug n.¹

Etymology: < mug n.¹

English regional and slang.

†1. intransitive. To drink alcoholic liquor; to get drunk. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (intransitive)] > drink intoxicating liquor

to wet (one's) whistle, weasand, mouth, beak, beardc1386

bibc1400

to kiss the cupa1420

drawa1500

refresh1644

mug1653

bub1654

jug1681

whiffle1693

dram1740

wet1783

to suck (also sup) the monkey1785

stimulate1800

lush1811

taste1823

liquor1839

oil1841

paint1853

irrigate1856

nip1858

smile1858

peg1874

gargle1889

shicker1906

stop1924

bevvy1934

the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [verb (intransitive)] > get drunk

drunkenc1000

to wash one's face in an ale clout1550

to shoe the goose, gosling1566

to catch, hunt the fox1599

to swallow a tavern-token1601

to read Geneva print1608

to whip the cat1622

inebriate1626

to hunt a tavern-fox1635

fox1649

mug1653

to fuddle one's cap or nose1663

to lose one's legs1770

gin1789

stone1858

to beer up1884

slop1899

to get, have, tie a bun on1901

shicker1906

souse1921

lush1926

to cop a reeler1937

to tie one on1951

1653 N. Hookes Miscellanea Poetica in Amanda 101 O're might thou know'st it was thy fatal lot, To mug, to quaffe.

1807 C. I. M. Dibdin Mirth & Metre 116 While the merry Potter mugs, The Oilman he gets soapy.

1888 E. D. Stone Dorica 161 Not goo muggin' of our paat, And runnin' scores up on the zlaat.

2. transitive. To bribe with alcoholic drink; to supply with alcoholic drink; to buy a drink for (a person). Also reflexive: to get drunk.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [verb (transitive)] > bribe > with liquor

mug1807

1807 C. I. M. Dibdin Mirth & Metre 253 A scolding spousy was his lot, Wha' mugg'd hersel'.

1830 H. Ingelo Reminisc. II. 479 Having..mugged, as we say in England, our pilot.

1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 38 Come! mug the girls, and they'll get on with their work.

1857 T. B. Gunn Physiol. N.Y. Boarding-houses 97 The Tipperarian declared, privately, that she was in the habit of ‘mugging herself’ with spirits; going to bed with her clothes on, and a black-bottle, for that purpose.

a1903 J. P. Kirk in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 193/1 [S. Nottinghamshire] She'd got some money, so she wor muggin hersen yisterday.

1939 Daily Mirror 14 Mar. Are you going to ‘mug’ us... Are you going to stand me a drink?

1966 P. Moloney Plea for Mersey 23 If ye say to them ‘scouse, Mug us dem on de house,’ Yerl make Birty and Girty all shirty.

1966 F. Shaw et al. Lern Yerself Scouse 42 Ile mug yer, allow me to treat you.

1966 F. Shaw et al. Lern Yerself Scouse 77 Many's the fella dat I use'ter mug.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mugv.³

Brit.

/mʌɡ/, U.S.

/məɡ/

Forms: 1700s– mogg (English regional (south-western)), 1800s– mug.

Origin: Probably formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mug n.³

Etymology: Probably < mug n.³ Compare slightly later muggard adj.

English regional and slang. Now rare.

intransitive. To pout, grow sullen; to mope.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill humour > be ill-humoured [verb (intransitive)]

to have pissed on a nettle1546

mumpc1610

to sell souse1611

sullena1652

sumpha1689

frump1693

hatch1694

sunk1724

mug?c1730

purt1746

sulk1781

to get up or out of bed (on) the wrong side1801

strum1804

boody1857

sull1869

grump1875

to hump the back1889

to have (also pull, throw, etc.) a moody1969

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > be or become dejected [verb (intransitive)]

heavyOE

fallOE

droopena1225

lourc1290

droopc1330

to abate one's countenance (also cheer)a1350

dullc1374

fainta1375

languora1375

languisha1382

afflicta1393

gloppen?a1400

weary1434

appalc1450

to have one's heart in one's boots (also shoes, heels, hose, etc.)c1450

peak1580

dumpc1585

mopea1592

sink1603

bate1607

deject1644

despond1655

alamort?1705

sadden1718

dismal1780

munge1790

mug1828

to get one's tail down1853

to have (also get) the pip1881

shadow1888

to have (one's) ass in a sling1960

?c1730 J. Haynes Dorsetshire Vocab. in Notes & Queries (1883) 21 July 45/1 To mogg, pout or grow sullen.

1762 E. Collins Misc. in Prose & Verse 122 Wit hung her blob, ev'n Humour seem'd to mourn, And sullenly sat mogging o'er his urn.

1828 Sporting Mag. 23 28 Snoozing and mugging over the fire after a hard day's work.

1861 J. G. Holland Lessons in Life xx. 283 By ‘mugging’ over your trouble out of business hours.

a1903 W. F. Rose in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 142/1 [Somerset] Applied to cattle. ‘I don't like their looks—mogging over their food so’.

1919 ‘W. N. P. Barbellion’ Jrnl. Disappointed Man 82 Mugged about all day. Put on a gramophone record [etc.].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

mugv.⁴

Brit.

/mʌɡ/, U.S.

/məɡ/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mug n.³

Etymology: < mug n.³ Compare slightly later mugger n.²

a. transitive. slang (originally Boxing). To strike (a person) in the face; to fight, beat up, assault; to strangle. Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > beating or repeated striking > beat [verb (transitive)] > specifically a person

to-beatc893

threshOE

bustc1225

to lay on or upon?c1225

berrya1250

to-bunea1250

touchc1330

arrayc1380

byfrapc1380

boxc1390

swinga1400

forbeatc1420

peal?a1425

routa1425

noddlea1450

forslinger1481

wipe1523

trima1529

baste1533

waulk1533

slip1535

peppera1550

bethwack1555

kembc1566

to beat (a person) black and blue1568

beswinge1568

paik1568

trounce1568

canvass1573

swaddle?1577

bebaste1582

besoop1589

bumfeage1589

dry-beat1589

feague1589

lamback1589

clapperclaw1590

thrash1593

belam1595

lam1595

beswaddle1598

bumfeagle1598

belabour1600

tew1600

flesh-baste1611

dust1612

feeze1612

mill1612

verberate1614

bethumpa1616

rebuke1619

bemaul1620

tabor1624

maula1627

batterfang1630

dry-baste1630

lambaste1637

thunder-thump1637

cullis1639

dry-banga1640

nuddle1640

sauce1651

feak1652

cotton1654

fustigate1656

brush1665

squab1668

raddle1677

to tan (a person's) hide1679

slam1691

bebump1694

to give (a person) his load1694

fag1699

towel1705

to kick a person's butt1741

fum1790

devel1807

bray1808

to beat (also scare, etc.) someone's daylights out1813

mug1818

to knock (a person) into the middle of next week1821

welt1823

hidea1825

slate1825

targe1825

wallop1825

pounce1827

to lay into1838

flake1841

muzzle1843

paste1846

looder1850

frail1851

snake1859

fettle1863

to do over1866

jacket1875

to knock seven kinds of —— out of (a person)1877

to take apart1880

splatter1881

to beat (knock, etc.) the tar out of1884

to —— the shit out of (a person or thing)1886

to do up1887

to —— (the) hell out of1887

to beat — bells out of a person1890

soak1892

to punch out1893

stoush1893

to work over1903

to beat up1907

to punch up1907

cream1929

shellac1930

to —— the bejesus out of (a person or thing)1931

duff1943

clobber1944

to fill in1948

to bash up1954

to —— seven shades of —— out of (a person or thing)1976

to —— seven shades out of (a person or thing)1983

beast1990

becurry-

fan-

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > boxing > box [verb (transitive)] > actions

parry1672

punish1801

pink1810

shy1812

sling1812

mug1818

weave1818

prop1846

feint1857

counter1861

cross-counter1864

slip1897

hook1898

unload1912

to beat a person to the punch1923

mitt1930

tag1938

counterpunch1964

the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by strangling

aworryc885

achokeOE

astrangle1297

strangle13..

worry14..

choke1303

weary1340

gnarec1380

athroatc1400

enstranglec1400

gagc1440

throttlec1450

estrangle1483

stifle1548

snarl1563

thrapple1570

quackle1622

bowstring1803

scrag1823

strangulate1846

mug1866

to screw a person's neck1872

garrotte1878

guzzle1885

to screw an animal's neck1888

1818 Sporting Mag. 2 279 The latter got away, and in return mugged him.

1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 37 Most of them can..mug..alias fight.

1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 76 She felt inclined to mug her rival, only she thought it would be no bottle.

1866 London Misc. 5 May 102 Suppose they had mugged you?.. Slogged you, you know.

1904 ‘No. 1500’ Life in Sing Sing 250/2 Mug,..to strangle.

1990 Ring Oct. 25/3 Pryor mugged and swung wildly several times in losing the round.

b. transitive. colloquial. To attack and rob (a person), esp. in a public place. Now the usual sense.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > rob [verb (transitive)] > attack and rob

huff1832

garrotte1858

mug1864

to jack up1965

steam1987

1864 J. C. Hotten Slang Dict. (new ed.) 183 Mug,..to rob by the garrote.

1948 N.Y. Times 15 Aug. 36 The police said the victims were mugged in the hallways of their homes.

1971 B. Malamud Tenants 198 Lesser..daily fears that..the writer will be mugged on the subway stairs and lie there unable to crawl home.

1994 Computing 3 Mar. 16/2 In many US states, so many people are mugged and murdered while using ATMs that state governments are forcing banks to fit safety devices.

c. transitive. figurative. To overpower (a person); to attack or harass without the use of physical force.

ΚΠ

1973 Rev. in Amer. Hist. 1 484 No one in recent years has so mugged the congressional Republicans as Berger.

1992 Independent 5 Nov. 14/7 Mr Clinton..was mugged in turn by the tabloid, broadsheet and television media over allegations of an extra-marital affair.

2000 Rugby World June 70/2 The Scots' victory at rain-soaked Murrayfield came 12 months after Wales mugged England as they tried to win the Slam at Wembley.

2. slang (chiefly Australian and New Zealand).

a. transitive. To kiss, fondle, embrace. Also with up.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > love > kiss > give or indulge in kisses [verb]

bac1386

smick1541

smacker1598

basiate1623

buss1633

osculate1656

mug1822

1822 P. Egan Life in London ii. v. 289 How happy could I be with either, Were t'other dear charmer away, But while you both mug me together, You'll make me a spooney,..I say.

1916 C. J. Dennis Songs Sentimental Bloke (new ed.) 126 Mug, to, to kiss.

1932 Amer. Speech 7 334 Mug, to kiss.

1942 Yank 23 Sept. 14 He mugged her lightly.

1957 I. Cross God Boy (1958) x. 80 You think there is something funny about them mugging up each other like that?

b. intransitive. To kiss, embrace, engage in amorous fondling. Also with up.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > love > kiss > [verb (intransitive)] > smooch

mug1890

to get to first base1892

smooch1932

to suck face1979

pash1990

1890 [implied in: Bull-ant (Melbourne) 28 Aug. 17/3 B. M. was especially favoured with the mugging and kissing which M. E. (a new arrival) bestowed so freely on certain young ladies. (at mugging n.¹ 2)].

1930 ‘Brent of Bin Bin’ Ten Creeks Run xiv. 221 Arsk Jane Humphreys, she's seen 'em kissin' an' muggin' like a house on fire.

1977 T. A. G. Hungerford Wong Chu & Queen's Letterbox 82 You been mugging up with the postie.

3. slang (originally Theatre).

a. intransitive. To pull a face, esp. in front of an audience or camera, to grimace; to overact.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > face with expression [verb (intransitive)] > distort

fleer?a1400

mowc1450

snowrec1450

to make (also pull) a facec1522

to throw one's facea1525

pot1549

mop1567

murgeonc1586

to cut facesa1616

wrimple1657

work1753

grimace1762

mowl1837

wrinkle1843

mug1856

girn1900

1856 C. Dickens Little Dorrit (1857) i. xx. 172 The low comedian had ‘mugged’ at him in his richest manner fifty nights for a wager.

1869 W. S. Gilbert Bab Ballads 118 He saw a dreary person on the stage, Who mouthed and mugged in simulated rage.

1942 E. Paul Narrow Street xxxvi. 315 A lean French soprano of uncertain age and shop-worn features was mugging into the microphone and gesticulating as she sang: ‘Parlez-moi d'amour’.

1955 V. Nabokov Lolita I. xxxii. 182 Frail Lo,..her sulky face to a door mirror,..tritely mugged at herself in the glass.

1986 New Yorker 3 Mar. 37/3 He put his arm around me and really mugged for the camera.

†b. transitive. to mug up: to paint (one's face); to put make-up on. Also intransitive. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > beautify the skin or complexion [verb (intransitive)] > paint or colour

paintc1275

farda1450

parget1581

to mug up1859

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > beautify (the skin or complexion) [verb (transitive)] > paint or colour

painta1382

farcec1400

farda1450

parget1581

complexion1612

surfle1633

cerusea1640

petre1656

lacquer1688

whitewasha1704

enamel1804

peachify1853

to mug up1859

highlight1935

1859 J. C. Hotten Dict. Slang 65 Mug-up, to paint one's face. Theat.

1861 H. Mayhew London Labour (new ed.) III. 193/2 Then he underwent the operation of mugging him up with oil-colour paint, black, and..red.

4. transitive. U.S. slang. To photograph the face of (a person), esp. for police or other official records.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > action of taking photograph > take photograph [verb (intransitive)] > in specific manner

shoot1890

Kodak1891

snap1891

snapshot1894

mug1899

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > action of taking photograph > photograph [verb (transitive)] > in specific manner

to fire away1859

stereograph1860

flashlight1886

shoot1890

snap1890

Kodak1891

snapshot1898

mug1899

mutoscope1899

telephotograph1899

mutograph1908

photomaton1927

soft-focus1928

minicam1937

microfiche1975

pap1993

1899 ‘J. Flynt’ Tramping with Tramps iv. 395 Mug,..to photograph.

1912 A. C. Train Courts, Criminals & Camorra 5 ‘Mugging’ was all right, so long as you ‘mugged’ the right persons.

1934 Sun (Baltimore) 5 July 13/6 Attempts of Federal authorities to ‘mug’ him proved futile. When Robert C. Johnson..prepared to snap a picture of the prisoner, Kent held his hands before his face.

1972 G. V. Higgins Friends Eddie Coyle xix. 115 We brought him up to the marshal's office and mugged him and printed him.

1989 B. Spock & M. Morgan Spock on Spock xvi. 190 Waits to be searched,..waits to be fingerprinted, waits to be mugged (photographed).

2010 Daily News (N.Y.) 31 Aug. 1 (headline) From clink to links... Clemens is mugged, fingerprinted—then grabs clubs for Myrtle Beach tourney.

5. intransitive. Jazz. to mug light (also lightly): to play swing (esp. staccato swing) softly, or with a soft beat. to mug heavy: to play swing (esp. staccato swing) with a heavier beat. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1930 L. Russell (title of record) Muggin' lightly.

1936 Delineator Nov. 10/2 They're mugging light, they're mugging heavy, they're in the groove!

1944 C. Calloway Hepsters Dict. ‘Muggin' lightly’, light staccato swing; ‘muggin' heavy’, heavy staccato swing.

1970 C. Major Dict. Afro-Amer. Slang 83 Mugging heavy (or light, lightly): (1930's–40's) in jazz, the term refers to the beat, its quality.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mugv.⁵

Brit.

/mʌɡ/, U.S.

/məɡ/

Origin: Of unknown origin.

Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps related to mug v.³ Compare slightly later mug n.⁵

slang.

1. intransitive. To read or study in a concentrated manner. Now frequently with up (on a subject, book, etc.); also formerly with away at, on at.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > learning > study > [verb (intransitive)] > study diligently or hard

porec1387

muzz?1744

sap1830

bone1832

to study up1846

mug1848

grind1855

swot1860

stew1866

swank1890

groise1913

1848 J. C. Maxwell in L. Campbell & W. Garnett Life J. C. Maxwell (1882) 117 Please to write about your Prizes at College, and about coming here to mug.

1860 J. C. Hotten Dict. Slang (ed. 2) Mug-up... To ‘cram’ for an examination.—Army.

1878 About Some Fellows vii. 45 Stortford, ever since he had settled to work, had..been patiently mugging on at his verses, and had got twelve done.

1893 G. Allen Scallywag I. 241 That prize essay you were mugging away at.

1915 H. L. Wilson Ruggles of Red Gap ix. 161 Many an hour found him mugging away at the book, earnestly striving to memorize the part.

1960 W. H. Auden Homage to Clio 90 You need not mug up on dates.

1989 R. MacNeil Wordstruck iv. 102 His marginal notes suggest that he mugged up on Milton..about five minutes before he confronted us.

1999 Alumnus (National Univ. Singapore) Apr. 55/2 You must have mugged all the way through school and are working so hard that you have no time to relax.

2. transitive. To learn (a subject, book, etc.) by hard or concentrated study. Usually with up.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > learning > study > [verb (transitive)] > study diligently or hard

to make a study ofa1591

nit1596

to sit over ——1606

to mouse over1808

to work out1830

bone1832

work1840

to work up1852

mug1868

swot1901

1868 All Year Round 25 July 161/1 The officer who is going to get his company..is found ‘mugging up’ the red book at odd times with enthusiasm.

1882 W. Besant Revolt of Man v. 111 When they ought to have been ‘mugging bones’, or drawing contracts, or reading theology.

1889 G. Allen Tents of Shem II. xxiv. 122 I've mugged it up out of books, that's all. Anybody can mug it all up if he'll only take the pains.

1905 H. A. Vachell Hill iii. 51 We must mug up our ‘cons’ well enough to scrape along without ‘puns’ and extra school.

1959 Daily Tel. 10 June 10/2 But no one..after yesterday's inauguration of the new electric services from London to the Kent Coast is going to mind mugging up any number of amended arrival and departure times.

1987 R. Manning Corridor of Mirrors xiv. 151 I had mugged up a few Cornish folktales to tell Sue and keep her amused.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mugv.⁶

Brit.

/mʌɡ/, U.S.

/məɡ/

Origin: Of unknown origin.

Etymology: Origin unknown. Compare slightly later mugged adj.²Recorded in Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v. Mug v.⁵ from Berkshire and Gloucestershire.

British regional. slang.

intransitive. To crowd, huddle together in a confined space.

ΚΠ

1878 Notes & Queries 2 Feb. 84/2 They are all, father, mother, and children, mugging together in one room.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mugv.⁷

Brit.

/mʌɡ/, U.S.

/məɡ/, Canadian English

/mʌɡ/

Origin: Probably formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mug n.¹

Etymology: Probably < mug n.¹ Compare earlier mug v.³

slang (chiefly Canadian and Nautical).

intransitive. to mug up: to make a plentiful meal, to eat heartily. Also: to have a snack, meal, or hot drink. Cf. mug-up n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > eat via specific process [verb (intransitive)] > eat heartily

to lay in1579

to fall aboard——1603

to eat (also work) like a horse1707

to play a good knife and fork1809

tuck1810

stoke1882

to mug up1897

1897 R. Kipling Captains Courageous v, in McClure's Mag. Jan. 234/2 No reg'lar meals fer no one then. 'Mug-up when ye're hungry, an' sleep when ye can't keep awake.

1897 R. Kipling Captains Courageous ix. 202 Him an' my boy hookin' fried pies an' muggin' up when they ought to ha' been asleep.

1901 Scribner's Mag. 29 498/2 Let Martin and me mug up and get over near the fire to dry out, and we'll have it again.

1917 ‘Bartimeus’ Long Trick iv. 78 Coats and mufflers were donned and a bottle of sloe-gin uncorked. ‘Mug-up!’ cried the Sub. ‘Mug-up, and let's get 'appy and chatty.’

1936 A. Stringer Wife Traders xv. 214 They fell into the habit of stopping more often to ‘mug up’ along the trail.

1950 J. Hambleton Abitibi Adventure 94 René was just ‘mugging up’ when the shaggy terrier..sent the blackened tea pail flying.

1972 L. Hancock There's Seal in my Sleeping Bag v. 84 We..mugged up on boiled eggs, toast, jam, and coffee.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1400

n.²1596

n.³1708

n.⁴a1728

n.⁵1853

n.⁶adj.¹1857

adj.²2009

v.¹c1400

v.²1653

v.³?c1730

v.⁴1818

v.⁵1848

v.⁶1878

v.⁷1897

单词	mug
释义	mugn.¹ Brit. /mʌɡ/, U.S. /məɡ/ Forms: Middle English mogges (plural, in sense 1), 1500s mogge, 1500s mugge, 1600s–1700s mugg, 1600s– mug; Scottish pre-1700 mvg, pre-1700 mwg, pre-1700 mwgg, pre-1700 1700s mugg, pre-1700 1700s– mug. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Etymology: Origin uncertain; apparently related to Dutch mok mug (late 19th cent.), German regional (Low German) muck, German regional (Low German: East Friesland) mukke mug, Norwegian mugge open can or jug, Danish mugge, Swedish mugg mug, and also French regional moque, (Guernsey) mogue jug, cup, but the relationships between these words are unclear, and their further etymology is unknown.With sense 1 perhaps compare Middle Dutch moken , variant of modekijn (ultimately < classical Latin modius modius n.). †1. A dry measure (in quot., used for salt). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > specific liquid or dry units miteOE meta1325 suma1325 measurec1325 last1341 maund1365 pottlea1382 mug1400 mutchkin?1425 eightin-dele1440 rotec1484 sixtera1492 stortkyn1501 tolbot1536 firlot1549 sleek1705 modius1802 ton tight- 1400 in M. T. Löfvenberg Contrib. Middle Eng. Lexicogr. & Etymol. (1946) 60 (MED) [About 180] mogges [of salt]. 2. Chiefly Scottish and English regional. A (usually large) earthenware vessel or bowl; a pot, a jug, a ewer.pan-mug: see pan n.¹ Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > [noun] > earthenware vessel crockc1000 pigc1450 pot1463 muga1522 olla1535 test1545 capruncle1657 fictile1849 cruche1856 figuline1878 a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) viii. Prol. 95 Sum gowkis quhill the glas pyg [etc.]..thocht clay muggis crakkis. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Pii^v/2 A Mugge, potte, ollula. a1585 Ld. Polwart Flyting with Montgomerie 763 Lowsie lugs, leape jugs! toome the mugs on the midding. 1641 Edinb. Test. LIX. f. 269, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) Certane lame veshellis viz..apothecar cannis,..littell mugis, possett cops. 1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem ii. 9 Ther clouts and papers little mugs stops. 1725 Table Dues of Bridge of Glasgow 1 June Every Carrdraught of Butter in Muggs, or Kits..0. 2. 0. Every Mugg of Honey..0. 0. 8. 1794 T. Wedge Agric. Cheshire 41 Placing a layer of salt upon the bottom of a mug, the [maw]skin is laid flat upon it. 1891 Tit-Bits 8 Aug. 280/1 The large earthenware utensil used for laundry purposes is known as a ‘mug’. a1903 M. Bailey in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) 193/1 [Lancashire] Mug, a basin in which milk is set to stand to prepare for churning. 1982 in Dict. Bahamian Eng. 137/2 Mug,..a pitcher or jug. 3. a. A drinking vessel, frequently cylindrical (and now usually with a handle), generally used without a saucer.A silver mug is a traditional christening gift to a child. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > drinking vessel > [noun] chalicec825 napeOE copc950 fullOE cupc1000 canOE shalec1075 scalec1230 maselin?a1300 mazer1311 richardine1352 dish1381 fiole1382 pece1383 phialc1384 gobletc1400 bowl-cup1420 chalice-cup1420 crusec1420 mazer-cup1434 goddard1439 stoup1452 bicker1459 cowl1476 tankard1485 stop1489 hanapa1513 skull1513 Maudlin cup1544 Magdalene cup?a1549 mazer bowl1562 skew1567 shell1577 godet1580 mazard1584 bousing-can1590 cushion1594 glove1609 rumkin1636 Maudlin pot1638 Pimlico1654 mazer dish1656 mug1664 tumbler1664 souce1688 streaker1694 ox-eye1703 false-cup1708 tankard-cup1745 poculum1846 phiale1867 tumbler-cup1900 stem-cup1915 sippy cup1986 1664 C. Cotton Scarronides 107 Dido..takes a Mug, that held Two Quarts..: And thus begins, Here Sirs, here's to you. 1688 London Gaz. No. 2316/4 A Mug,..a set of Casters, and an Orange-Strainer, all of Silver. 1782 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (ed. 3) V. 94 Mr. Place discovered..a method of making porcelaine,..of which manufacture he gave Thoresby a fine mug. 1845 C. Dickens Chimes i. 5 They had had their Godfathers and Godmothers, these Bells..and had had their silver mugs no doubt, besides. 1880 R. Broughton Second Thoughts II. iii. viii. 254 From the time when he held her at the font, and gave her a mug and a rattle, he has always called his betrothed Sophia. 1886 J. K. Jerome Idle Thoughts (1889) 142 Life tastes much the same, whether we quaff it from a golden goblet or drink it out of a stone mug. 1937 Discovery Sept. 277/1 Fill a half-pint mug. 1967 R. Dahl Charlie & Chocolate Factory xviii. 72 Mr. Wonka..picked up a large mug,..filled it with chocolate, and handed it to Charlie. 1988 M. M. R. Khan When Spring Comes iii. 81 A mug with a handle..for morning coffee, and for chocolate at night. b. A mug with the drink it contains, a mugful; the drink contained in a mug. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > amount defined by capacity > [noun] > amount that fills a receptacle > cup or mug cupful?a1400 gobletful?c1425 tass1480 mug1682 teacup1758 mugful1838 scaleful1844 1682 J. Dryden Mac Flecknoe 9 A mighty Mug of Potent Ale. 1739 Joe Miller's Jests No. 133 I say, bring this Fellow a Mugg of Strong Beer. 1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop i. i. 42 Kit..carried a large slice of bread and meat and a mug of beer. 1903 Contemp. Rev. May 644 Twenty to thirty good sized mugs of malt liquor in an evening is by no means out of the way at academical gatherings. 1959 W. R. Bird These are Maritimes vii. 190 She kept the jug in the cellar and boy when you came in and had a mug of that switchel it was worth while. 1985 J. Howker Nature of Beast i. 10 He hadn't touched the mug of tea I'd made for him. c. U.S. colloquial. A silver drinking vessel awarded as a prize; a cup. rare. ΚΠ 1791 Hothfield Races (single sheet) (advt.) On Wednesday June 22d. 1791: will be run for, a silver mug [etc.]. 1890 Harper's Mag. Sept. 593/1 When the cruise is done and the mugs have escaped them. 1949 P. Cummings Dict. Sports 274 Mug, a trophy cup or bowl. 4. A kind of cooling drink. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > types or qualities of beverage > [noun] > cooling drink refrigerant1826 mug1829 febrifuge1860 1829 Sporting Mag. 23 268 The refreshing but dangerous liquor..known by the appellation of ‘mug’. 1865 Indian Domest. Econ. (ed. 6) 325 Cool Tankard or Mug. Compounds mug hunter n. U.S. colloquial = pot-hunter n. 2b. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > player or sportsperson > [noun] > contender for prizes athlete?a1425 agonist1623 pot-hunter1874 mug hunter1883 finalist1898 1883 Harper's Mag. Aug. 443/2 To the..mug-hunters [at yacht-races] it meant all three. 1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §636/21 Contestant for a prize, mug hunter or chaser, pot hunter. 1986 W. Safire in N.Y. Times Mag. 20 Apr. 14/5 To a golfer, it [sc. a sandbagger] is a mug-hunter with an inflated handicap. mug-hunting n. U.S. colloquial = pot-hunting adj. ΚΠ 1890 Harper's Mag. Sept. 593/1 He may be bitten by the tarantula of matches, be possessed of the fury of mug-hunting. 1922 St. Nicholas July 907/1 Once I have reached the finals, that incentive for striving is gone—nothing is left but the spoils of mug-hunting. mug tree n. a small stand having angled branches from which mugs may be hung by their handles. ΚΠ 1976 Scotsman 20 Nov. 10/5 It was a delight to visit Studio One [sc. a kitchenware shop] up at Morningside Road, Edinburgh... Even discovered a mug tree. 2000 Mirror (Electronic ed.) 7 Mar. Lara slid off the work top, breaking my mug tree in the process and fracturing her wrist. mugware n. British regional earthenware. ΚΠ 1900 Daily News 9 Oct. 3/1 The old brown mugware settling pans have also passed into the limbo of a now almost forgotten age. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mugn.² Brit. /mʌɡ/, U.S. /məɡ/, Scottish English /mʌɡ/ Forms: 1500s mugge, 1600s– mug, 1700s– mugg. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: mugged adj.¹ Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps shortened < mugged adj.¹ (see note below). Chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern). Now rare. In full mug sheep. A breed of sheep having the face completely covered with wool; a sheep of this breed. So mug ewe, mug lamb, etc.In some glossaries explained as a ‘pollard’ or ‘hornless’ sheep; this may have been the original sense: cf. mugged adj.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > specific breeds or members of mug1596 down1721 Shropshire1768 Norfolk sheep1778 Ryeland1786 Southdown1786 Persian1794 Leicester1798 Southdowner1799 Ryeland1802 loaghtan1812 Manx loaghtan1812 herdwick1837 Wallachian1837 Norfolk1851 Teeswater1861 bluefaced Leicester1864 Rough Fell1871 Border Leicester1873 Mexican1878 Cheviot1883 fat-tail1888 pampas1892 pampas sheep1895 turbary1908 karakul1913 East Friesian1949 Texel1949 Norfolk Horn1961 Colbred1962 1596 Fairfax Inventory in Archaeologia (1884) 48 152 Item weather mugges xxviij. Item mugge lambes vj^xxix. 1623 R. Brathwait Shepheards Tales 26 For good mug-sheepe and cattell..None could come neare thee. 1776 I. Fletcher Diary 19 July (1994) 321 Cliped the three mug lambs. 1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VI. 25 The sheep are of the English mugg kind. 1820 W. Scott Monastery I. Introd. Ep. 18 A wig like the curled back of a mug-ewe. 1879 Zoologist 3 356 They are all Scotch ewes for breeding, and first-rate Leicester tups, called in the dale [sc. Nidderdale] ‘mugs’. a1903 W. Heckley in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 194/1 [N. Yorkshire] Mug tupe, a ram of the large breed, freq. put among Scotch yows. a1919 W. B. Kendall Forness Word Bk. (Cumbria County Archives, Barrow) (transcript of MS) Mugg, a sheep without horns; cross between Leicesters and Fell sheep. 1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 85/1 Mug, the old term for the large Teeswater breed of sheep. 1974 Recorded Interview (Brit. Libr. Sound Archive) (Survey Eng. Dialects: C908) Track 7 [Yorkshire] Them sheep is just sold as uncrossed sheep... A mug tup—that's a Wensleydale tup. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mugn.³ Brit. /mʌɡ/, U.S. /məɡ/ Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: mug n.¹ Etymology: Probably < mug n.¹, perhaps in allusion to the drinking mugs made to represent a grotesque human face which were common in the 18th cent.With sense 3 compare earlier mug v.⁴ slang. 1. a. A face, esp. an unattractive one. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > [noun] leera700 nebeOE onseneeOE wlitec950 anlethOE nebshaftc1225 snouta1300 facec1300 visage1303 semblantc1315 vicea1325 cheera1350 countenance1393 front1398 fashiona1400 visurec1400 physiognomyc1425 groina1500 faxa1522 favour1525 facies1565 visor1575 complexiona1616 frontispiecea1625 mun1667 phiz1687 mug1708 mazard1725 physiog1791 dial plate1811 fizzog1811 jiba1825 dial1837 figurehead1840 Chevy Chase1859 mooey1859 snoot1861 chivvy1889 clock1899 map1899 mush1902 pan1920 kisser1938 boat1958 boat race1958 punim1965 1708 Brit. Apollo 13–18 Feb. My Lawyer has a Desk, nine Law-books without Covers, two with Covers, a Temple-Mug, and the hopes of being a Judge. 1798 G. Colman Heir at Law iii. ii. 47 Never let him clap his damned ugly mug in these here doors again. 1824 P. Egan Boxiana II. 412 His mug was often disfigured with the claret trickling down. 1850 E. FitzGerald Lett. (1889) I. 200 I found A. Tennyson in chambers at Lincoln's Inn: and recreated myself with a sight of his fine old mug. 1895 G. Meredith Amazing Marriage I. xvi. 186 Look at old Rufus Abrane. I see the state of the fight on the old fellow's mug. He hasn't a bet left in him! 1930 J. B. Priestley Angel Pavement ii. 84 They were all tired of seeing his depressing old mug. 1955 A. West Heritage i. 16 This is for you because you've got such a funny little mug. 1986 ‘L. Cody’ Under Contract xvi. 59 What! Miss a chance to get your ugly mug in the papers! b. A grotesque or exaggerated (and frequently humorous) facial expression; a grimace, a ‘funny face’. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > [noun] > grimace or distortion mowc1330 mopa1475 mocks and mows1508 murgeons?a1513 face1533 smile1550 smilet1591 mump1592 ruffle1602 frown1608 stitcha1625 grimace1651 grimask1671 simagre1680 moppet1693 distortion1718 throw1790 rictus1827 mug1844 monkey-face1939 1844 E. R. Lancaster Manager's Daughter (ed. 2) in Oxberry's Budget of Plays I. 110/1 Who does he suppose was to cut comic mugs before noblemen, without being paid double sals.? 1865 Leaves from Diary Celebrated Burglar 109/1 Many were the queer ‘mugs’ put on by those who had been ‘gone through’... Artful..shook with suppressed laughter at the victim's bewildered and doleful phiz. 1907 J. M. Synge Playboy of Western World (1979) ii. 51 He'd be..making mugs at his own self in the bit of a glass we had hung on the wall. 1914 D. H. Lawrence Widowing of Mrs. Holroyd i. ii. 26 Oh, indeed! You think I've got to pull a mug to look decent? You'd have to pull a big 'un, at that rate. 1929 K. S. Prichard Coonardoo xvii. 169 The obstinate little mug Mollie had drawn her face into. 1995 Christian Sci. Monitor 10 May 13 Mary Alice leans forward and scrunches up her face into a delightfully comic mug: eyes wide, mouth open, and shoulders in a shrug. c. Originally U.S. A photograph or other likeness of a person's face, esp. in police or other official records. Cf. mug shot n. at Compounds. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > [noun] > photograph by style or subject high key1849 carte1861 carte-de-visite1861 wedding group1861 vignette1862 studio portrait1869 press photograph1873 cameo-type1874 war picture1883 mug1887 panel1888 snapshot1890 visite1891 fuzz-type1893 stickyback1903 action photograph1904 action picture1904 scenic1913 still1916 passport photo1919 mosaic1920 press photo1923 oblique1925 action shot1927 passport photograph1927 profile shot1928 smudgea1931 glossy1931 photomontage1931 photomural1931 head shot1936 pin-up1943 mug shot1950 wedding photograph1956 wedding photo1966 full-frontal1970 photofit1970 split beaver1972 upskirt1994 selfie2002 1887 Lantern (New Orleans) 9 July 2/2 He had his mug taken in fireman's clothes. 1889 C. T. Clarkson & J. H. Richardson Police! xxiii. 323 Circulating thieves' photos... Pushing the mugs round. 1940 R. Chandler Farewell, my Lovely vi. 43 Nulty turned over a photo..and handed it to me. It was a police mug, front and profile. 1982 ‘L. Cody’ Bad Company vii. 46 We've been showing them the books, natch, and some women picked out a mug. 2. The mouth. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > mouth > [noun] moutheOE billa1000 munc1400 mussa1529 mouc1540 gan1567 gob1568 bouche1582 oven1593 taster1596 Pipe Office1609 neba1616 gab1681 gam1724 mouthpiece1738 potato-trap1785 potato-jaw1791 fly-trapc1795 trap1796 mouthie1801 mug1820 gin-trap1824 rattletrap1824 box1830 mouf1836 bread trap1838 puss1844 tater-trap1846 gash1852 kissing trap1854 shop1855 north and south1858 mooey1859 kisser1860 gingerbread-trap1864 bazoo1877 bake1893 tattie-trap1894 yap1900 smush1930 gate1937 cakehole1943 motormouth1976 pie hole1983 geggie1985 1820 J. H. Reynolds Fancy 27 Speak, Mrs. Tims; open thy mug, my dear; Mouths here are made to speak, and not to eat. 1835 T. C. Haliburton Clockmaker (1837) 1st. Ser. xx. 202 Hold your mug, you old nigger. 1896 E. Turner Little Larrikin xvii. 192 I was afraid I must have said ‘Shut your mug’, or ‘chump’. 1939 S. Spender tr. E. Toller Pastor Hall 64 Shut your dirty mug! 3. The act of throttling or strangling a person. Usually in to put the mug on (someone). ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > [noun] > strangulation stranglec1386 strangling1398 chokingc1440 worrying1483 strangulation1542 throttling1599 wringing1843 mug1862 1862 Sessions Papers Cent. Criminal Court 26 Nov. 41 Roberts..said, ‘You want me for putting the mug on, do you? I will put the b—y mug on you.’ 1862 Sessions Papers Cent. Criminal Court 26 Nov. 41 Mug is slang used by thieves; it means garotting. 1902 H. Hapgood Autobiogr. Thief (1912) 271 I explained how I would ‘put the mug on her’ while my husky pal went through her. 1940 Amer. Speech 15 121/1 To put the mug on (a mark), to put a stranglehold on a mark who grows obstreperous after he has been fleeced. 1955 Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. No. 24. 171 A strangle hold is applied... This hold is called..a mug on the East Coast. Compounds mug book n. U.S. (a) a book in which business or professional people publicize themselves and are exhibited in flattering photographs; (b) a book containing photographs of people's faces, esp. in police records. ΘΚΠ society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > police records police blotter1861 charge-sheet1866 murder book1876 blotter1887 charge-book1890 crime sheet1902 mug book1902 occurrence book1929 rap sheet1949 sheet1958 murder file1967 murder log1972 1902 C. L. Cullen More Ex-tank Tales iv. 85 I'd often seen him in New York, and I'd seen his mush in Byrnes's mug book, too. 1935 A. J. Pollock Underworld Speaks 78/2 Mug book, a book published for prominent business and professional men who are induced by high pressure solicitors to vividly write about themselves with youthful photographs. They pay well for this blue book privilege. 1938 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 43 918 The specialized occupation most frequently listed in the police mugbook was that of cannery worker. 1947 Pacific Reporter 2nd Ser. 158 342 The next day, at the police station, a woman customer who had witnessed the holdup and murder picked out from the mug book the appellant as one of the bandits. 1958 J. Hawkins & W. Hawkins Death Watch (1959) i. 19 I couldn't find him in the mug books; his picture isn't there. 1994 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 81 321/2 The final product has the feel of a ‘mug book’ that honors all without enough clarifying analysis for the reader. mugfaker n. now rare a street photographer. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > photographer > [noun] > types in general portraitist1857 street photographer1859 mugfaker1880 Kodaker1890 snap-shooter1890 snapshottist1891 snapshotter1899 telephotographer1899 snapper1910 documentarian1951 smudger1961 smudge1968 pictorialist1971 1880 Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 30 Apr. 216/2 It was alleged that defendant had alluded to the complainant as a ‘mug-faker’, and threatened to ‘make it hot’ for him if he caught him in a certain place. 1934 P. Allingham Cheapjack iv. 40 Thirty years on the road with a mug-faker and I come to Southend and graft to a bunch of grinnin' Lakes o' Killarneys. 1973 J. Hale Fort ii. 186 We swoop outwards into nothing towards the trippers on the sea wall, dodging the camera of the mug faker. mug shot n. originally U.S. a photograph of a person's face, esp. in police or other official records (cf. sense 1c). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > [noun] > photograph by style or subject high key1849 carte1861 carte-de-visite1861 wedding group1861 vignette1862 studio portrait1869 press photograph1873 cameo-type1874 war picture1883 mug1887 panel1888 snapshot1890 visite1891 fuzz-type1893 stickyback1903 action photograph1904 action picture1904 scenic1913 still1916 passport photo1919 mosaic1920 press photo1923 oblique1925 action shot1927 passport photograph1927 profile shot1928 smudgea1931 glossy1931 photomontage1931 photomural1931 head shot1936 pin-up1943 mug shot1950 wedding photograph1956 wedding photo1966 full-frontal1970 photofit1970 split beaver1972 upskirt1994 selfie2002 1950 in H. Wentworth & S. B. Flexner Dict. Amer. Slang (1960) 349/1 Police passed around a mug shot of Willie. 1974 Daily Tel. 14 Nov. 2/2 From the mass of information collected, a picture is built up of the personalities in the IRA's command structure, and this is then used in the ‘mugshot’ booklets carried by soldiers on the streets. 1995 Frank Sept. 2/2 In the past, the mug shot has been taken by local portrait photographers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mugn.⁴ Brit. /mʌɡ/, U.S. /məɡ/, Scottish English /mʌɡ/ Forms: 1700s– mug, 1900s– mogg (Shetland), 1900s– mugg (Shetland). Origin: Probably formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mug v.¹ Etymology: Probably < mug v.¹ Compare Old Icelandic mugga mist, drizzle, Swedish (regional) mugg , Danish mug damp, Norwegian (Nynorsk) mugg , mugge drizzle (compare also Norwegian mugg mildew, mould, Danish mug mould, probably the same word), probably ultimately < the same Germanic base as muck n.¹ Compare earlier muggish adj., muggy adj.¹ Scottish and English regional. A mist, a fog; light rain or drizzle; a dull, damp, or gloomy atmosphere. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > mist > [noun] misteOE roke1292 vapourc1386 nyle1481 stove1513 fumec1550 rouka1586 misting1604 steam1612 dampa1616 petty-fog1641 smoke1648 brume1694 muga1728 ure1818 nebule1869 nebula1894 moist1903 M1904 clag1940 a1728 W. Kennett MS Coll. Provinc. Words (BL Lansdowne MS 1033) f. 254^v Mug, a mist or fog in Staffordsh. 1775 J. Ash New Dict. Eng. Lang. Mug (a cant word), a mist, a fog. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) (at cited word) A mug is damp gloom, neither rain nor fog, but insinuating itself even into stout garments, somewhat in the manner of that which is in England called a Scotch mist. 1860 W. White All Round Wrekin xxx 'Twas nothin but mug agate, And wouldn't rain. 1882 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. at Muggy Theer wuz sich a mug this mornin', yo' couldna see 'afe-a-dozen yards afore yo'. 1932 A. Horsbøl tr. J. Jakobsen Etymol. Dict. Norn Lang. in Shetland II. 575/2 Mugg, soft, drizzling rain (mostly in warm weather), mugginess. More common in the form mogg. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mugn.⁵ Brit. /mʌɡ/, U.S. /məɡ/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mug v.⁵ Etymology: < mug v.⁵ slang. Now rare. †1. An examination. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > education > educational administration > examination > [noun] examination1421 examen1612 probation1645 trial1672 exam1837 mug1853 special1890 mid-year1895 periodical1897 test1910 assessment1956 1853 J. C. Maxwell in L. Campbell & W. Garnett Life J. C. Maxwell (1882) 191 I was down after the Mug [note: Trinity College Examination] with Tayler's uncle in Suffolk. 2. A person who learns a subject by concentrated study. ΘΚΠ society > education > learning > learner > [noun] > diligent pupil or student muzz1788 sap1798 sapper1825 swot1850 mug1880 mugger1883 mugster1888 groise1913 swotter1919 swotty1929 brain-box1942 mothball1944 geek1957 achiever1960 tug1976 poindexter1981 dexter1985 1880 Punch 7 Aug. 59/2 No one learns their lessons now, except the regular mugs, and fellows grinding for an Exam! 1888 B. Lowsley Gloss. Berks. Words & Phrases Mug, as a schoolboy's expression to work hard, and one who does so is somewhat contemptuously termed ‘a mug’ by others who [etc.]. 1901 Daily News 6 Feb. 9/5 At the University of Oxford a ‘mug’ is a person who is not given to sport, or any indulgence, but who reads a great many books which he doesn't understand. a1908 H. C. Hart MS Coll. Ulster Words in M. Traynor Eng. Dial. Donegal (1953) 191/2 Mug, one who applies closely to his books; a schoolboy term. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mugn.⁶adj.¹ Brit. /mʌɡ/, U.S. /məɡ/ Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: mug n.³ Etymology: Probably < mug n.³, with reference to a foolish or stupid appearance. Compare earlier muggins n. colloquial. A. n.⁶ 1. A stupid or incompetent person; a fool or simpleton; a gullible person, a dupe. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > stupid person, dolt, blockhead > [noun] asseOE sotc1000 beastc1225 long-ear?a1300 stock1303 buzzard1377 mis-feelinga1382 dasarta1400 stonea1400 dasiberd14.. dottlec1400 doddypoll1401 dastardc1440 dotterel1440 dullardc1440 wantwit1449 jobardc1475 nollc1475 assheada1500 mulea1500 dull-pate15.. peak1509 dulbert?a1513 doddy-patec1525 noddypolla1529 hammer-head1532 dull-head?1534 capon1542 dolt1543 blockhead1549 cod's head1549 mome1550 grout-head1551 gander1553 skit-brains?1553 blocka1556 calfa1556 tomfool1565 dunce1567 druggard1569 cobble1570 dummel1570 Essex calf1573 jolthead1573 hardhead1576 beetle-head1577 dor-head1577 groutnoll1578 grosshead1580 thickskin1582 noddyship?1589 jobbernowl1592 beetle-brain1593 Dorbel1593 oatmeal-groat1594 loggerhead1595 block-pate1598 cittern-head1598 noddypoop1598 dorbellist1599 numps1599 dor1601 stump1602 ram-head1605 look-like-a-goose1606 ruff1606 clod1607 turf1607 asinego1609 clot-poll1609 doddiea1611 druggle1611 duncecomb1612 ox-head1613 clod-polla1616 dulman1615 jolterhead1620 bullhead1624 dunderwhelpa1625 dunderhead1630 macaroona1631 clod-patea1635 clota1637 dildo1638 clot-pate1640 stupid1640 clod-head1644 stub1644 simpletonian1652 bottle-head1654 Bœotiana1657 vappe1657 lackwit1668 cudden1673 plant-animal1673 dolt-head1679 cabbage head1682 put1688 a piece of wood1691 ouphe1694 dunderpate1697 numbskull1697 leather-head1699 nocky1699 Tom Cony1699 mopus1700 bluff-head1703 clod skull1707 dunny1709 dowf1722 stupe1722 gamphrel1729 gobbin?1746 duncehead1749 half-wit1755 thick-skull1755 jackass1756 woollen-head1756 numbhead1757 beef-head1775 granny1776 stupid-head1792 stunpolla1794 timber-head1794 wether heada1796 dummy1796 noghead1800 staumrel1802 muttonhead1803 num1807 dummkopf1809 tumphya1813 cod's head and shoulders1820 stoopid1823 thick-head1824 gype1825 stob1825 stookiea1828 woodenhead1831 ning-nong1832 log-head1834 fat-head1835 dunderheadism1836 turnip1837 mudhead1838 donkey1840 stupex1843 cabbage1844 morepork1845 lubber-head1847 slowpoke1847 stupiditarian1850 pudding-head1851 cod's head and shoulders1852 putty head1853 moke1855 mullet-head1855 pothead1855 mug1857 thick1857 boodle1862 meathead1863 missing link1863 half-baked1866 lunk1867 turnip-head1869 rummy1872 pumpkin-head1876 tattie1879 chump1883 dully1883 cretin1884 lunkhead1884 mopstick1886 dumbhead1887 peanut head1891 pie-face1891 doughbakea1895 butt-head1896 pinhead1896 cheesehead1900 nyamps1900 box head1902 bonehead1903 chickenhead1903 thickwit1904 cluck1906 boob1907 John1908 mooch1910 nitwit1910 dikkop1913 goop1914 goofus1916 rumdum1916 bone dome1917 moron1917 oik1917 jabroni1919 dumb-bell1920 knob1920 goon1921 dimwit1922 ivory dome1923 stone jug1923 dingleberry1924 gimp1924 bird brain1926 jughead1926 cloth-head1927 dumb1928 gazook1928 mouldwarp1928 ding-dong1929 stupido1929 mook1930 sparrow-brain1930 knobhead1931 dip1932 drip1932 epsilon1932 bohunkus1933 Nimrod1933 dumbass1934 zombie1936 pea-brain1938 knot-head1940 schlump1941 jarhead1942 Joe Soap1943 knuckle-head1944 nong1944 lame-brain1945 gobshite1946 rock-head1947 potato head1948 jerko1949 turkey1951 momo1953 poop-head1955 a right one1958 bam1959 nong-nong1959 dickhead1960 dumbo1960 Herbert1960 lamer1961 bampot1962 dipshit1963 bamstick1965 doofus1965 dick1966 pillock1967 zipperhead1967 dipstick1968 thickie1968 poephol1969 yo-yo1970 doof1971 cockhead1972 nully1973 thicko1976 wazzock1976 motorhead1979 mouth-breather1979 no-brainer1979 jerkwad1980 woodentop1981 dickwad1983 dough ball1983 dickweed1984 bawheid1985 numpty1985 jerkweed1988 dick-sucker1989 knob-end1989 Muppet1989 dingus1997 dicksack1999 eight ball- the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > duping, making a fool of > [noun] > gullible person, dupe > esp. in betting game pigeon?1525 vincent1591 mug1857 1857 ‘Ducange Anglicus’ Vulgar Tongue 13 Mug, dupe. ‘Who is the mug?’ 1861 H. Mayhew London Labour (new ed.) III. 193/2 We sometimes have a greenhorn wants to go out pitching with us—a ‘mug’, we calls them. 1894 J. N. Maskelyne ‘Sharps & Flats’ 170 It does not need much persuasion to induce the ‘mug’ to take the bank. 1922 ‘R. Crompton’ Just—William ix. 122 ‘You're a mug,’ she said in her clear, sweet voice. ‘I know a mountaineering game worth ten of that old thing.’ 1960 J. R. Ackerley We think World of You 8 It was me own fault. I was a mug. I've no one but meself to blame. 1990 Internat. Managem. Mar. 68/3 On the whole, it's the mug who pays full whack at a hotel these days. 2. A person, fellow, chap (now archaic); spec. (a) a rough or ugly person; a criminal; (b) Criminals' slang a person who is not part of the underworld; (c) slang a policeman. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > [noun] hadc900 lifesmaneOE maneOE world-maneOE ghostOE wyeOE lifeOE son of manOE wightc1175 soulc1180 earthmanc1225 foodc1225 person?c1225 creaturec1300 bodyc1325 beera1382 poppetc1390 flippera1400 wat1399 corsec1400 mortal?a1425 deadly?c1450 hec1450 personagec1485 wretcha1500 human1509 mundane1509 member1525 worma1556 homo1561 piece of flesh1567 sconce1567 squirrel?1567 fellow creature1572 Adamite1581 bloat herringa1586 earthling1593 mother's child1594 stuff1598 a piece of flesh1600 wagtail1607 bosom1608 fragment1609 boots1623 tick1631 worthy1649 earthlies1651 snap1653 pippin1665 being1666 personal1678 personality1678 sooterkin1680 party1686 worldling1687 human being1694 water-wagtail1694 noddle1705 human subject1712 piece of work1713 somebody1724 terrestrial1726 anybody1733 individual1742 character1773 cuss1775 jig1781 thingy1787 bod1788 curse1790 his nabs1790 article1796 Earthite1814 critter1815 potato1815 personeityc1816 nibs1821 somebody1826 tellurian1828 case1832 tangata1840 prawn1845 nigger1848 nut1856 Snooks1860 mug1865 outfit1867 to deliver the goods1870 hairpin1879 baby1880 possum1894 hot tamale1895 babe1900 jobbie1902 virile1903 cup of tea1908 skin1914 pisser1918 number1919 job1927 apple1928 mush1936 face1944 jong1956 naked ape1965 oke1970 punter1975 the world > people > person > man > [noun] churla800 werec900 rinkeOE wapmanc950 heOE wyeOE gomeOE ledeOE seggeOE shalkOE manOE carmanlOE mother bairnc1225 hemea1250 mother sona1250 hind1297 buck1303 mister mana1325 piecec1325 groomc1330 man of mouldc1330 hathela1350 sire1362 malea1382 fellowa1393 guestc1394 sergeant?a1400 tailarda1400 tulka1400 harlotc1405 mother's sona1470 frekea1475 her1488 masculinea1500 gentlemana1513 horse?a1513 mutton?a1513 merchant1549 child1551 dick1553 sorrya1555 knavea1556 dandiprat1556 cove1567 rat1571 manling1573 bird1575 stone-horse1580 loona1586 shaver1592 slave1592 copemate1593 tit1594 dog1597 hima1599 prick1598 dingle-dangle1605 jade1608 dildoa1616 Roger1631 Johnny1648 boy1651 cod1653 cully1676 son of a bitch1697 cull1698 feller1699 chap1704 buff1708 son of a gun1708 buffer1749 codger1750 Mr1753 he-man1758 fella1778 gilla1790 gloak1795 joker1811 gory1819 covey1821 chappie1822 Charley1825 hombre1832 brother-man1839 rooster1840 blokie1841 hoss1843 Joe1846 guy1847 plug1848 chal1851 rye1851 omee1859 bloke1861 guffin1862 gadgie1865 mug1865 kerel1873 stiff1882 snoozer1884 geezer1885 josser1886 dude1895 gazabo1896 jasper1896 prairie dog1897 sport1897 crow-eater1899 papa1903 gink1906 stud1909 scout1912 head1913 beezer1914 jeff1917 pisser1918 bimbo1919 bozo1920 gee1921 mush1936 rye mush1936 basher1942 okie1943 mugger1945 cat1946 ou1949 tess1952 oke1970 bra1974 muzhik1993 the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > criminality > criminal person > [noun] felon1297 wandelard1338 malefactora1438 malfetoura1450 stigmatic1597 stigmatist1607 criminal1610 mug1865 crook1879 heavy man1926 society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > crime > a criminal or law-breaker waryOE wandelard1338 breakerc1384 malefactora1438 law-breakerc1440 misgovernora1449 malfetoura1450 wrongdoer1501 contravener1567 criminal1610 contravenary1614 mug1865 crook1879 outlaw1880 punter1891 kink1914 heavy man1926 crim1927 antisocial1945 villain1960 banduluc1977 society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > policeman truncheon officer1708 runner1735 horny1753 nibbing-cull1775 nabbing-cull1780 police officer1784 police constable1787 policeman1788 scout1789 nabman1792 nabber1795 pig1811 Bow-street officer1812 nab1813 peeler1816 split1819 grunter1823 robin redbreast1824 bulky1828 raw (or unboiled) lobster1829 Johnny Darm1830 polis1833 crusher1835 constable1839 police1839 agent1841 johndarm1843 blue boy1844 bobby1844 bluebottle1845 copper1846 blue1848 polisman1850 blue coat1851 Johnny1851 PC1851 spot1851 Jack1854 truncheonist1854 fly1857 greycoat1857 cop1859 Cossack1859 slop1859 scuffer1860 nailerc1863 worm1864 Robert1870 reeler1879 minion of the law1882 ginger pop1887 rozzer1888 nark1890 bull1893 grasshopper1893 truncheon-bearer1896 John1898 finger1899 flatty1899 mug1903 John Dunn1904 John Hop1905 gendarme1906 Johnny Hop1908 pavement pounder1908 buttons1911 flat-foot1913 pounder1919 Hop1923 bogy1925 shamus1925 heat1928 fuzz1929 law1929 narker1932 roach1932 jonnop1938 grass1939 roller1940 Babylon1943 walloper1945 cozzer1950 Old Bill1958 cowboy1959 monaych1961 cozzpot1962 policeperson1965 woolly1965 Fed1966 wolly1970 plod1971 roz1971 Smokey Bear1974 bear1975 beast1978 woodentop1981 Five-O1983 dibble1990 Bow-street runner- 1865 Leaves from Diary Celebrated Burglar 104/2 A parsel o' ‘mugs’ krushin' our karkasus awaiy in amung sutch'n a ‘push’. 1890 in A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang II. 73 ‘What are mugs?’ ‘Hard characters... Those are thieves from the First Ward, the fellows that rob immigrants, steal cotton from the bales,’ [etc.]. 1895 E. W. Townsend Chimmie Fadden Explains 15 Dat Mr. Paul is de funniest mug you ever see. 1895 E. W. Townsend Chimmie Fadden Explains 17 De mug what plays de flute has de music all t'himself when de odder mugs in de orchestra don't do nottin. 1903 H. Hapgood Autobiogr. Thief (1904) xii. 267 I'm only stealin' for certain mugs (policemen) and fer those 'igher up, so they can buy real estate. 1921 P. Casey & T. Casey Gay-cat 302/2 Gee, guy, gun, mug, plug, stiff, etc.—a fellow. 1938 F. D. Sharpe Sharpe of Flying Squad i. 13 Underworld men and women speak of all outside their world as ‘mugs’. 1960 Observer 24 Jan. 5/2 There were recognised prop-men or putters up of jobs, what the mugs called master minds. B. adj.¹ (attributive). 1. Foolish, stupid, incompetent; easily duped or defeated. Frequently in mug punter (see punter n.¹ 1b). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [adjective] sloweOE stuntc960 dullOE hardOE stuntlyc1000 sotc1050 dillc1175 dulta1225 simplea1325 heavy1340 astonedc1374 sheepishc1380 dull-witteda1387 lourd1390 steerishc1411 ass-likea1425 brainless?a1439 deafc1440 sluggishc1450 short-witted1477 obtuse1509 peakish1519 wearish1519 deaf, or dumb as a beetle1520 doileda1522 gross1526 headlessa1530 stulty1532 ass-headed1533 pot-headed1533 stupid?1541 sheep's head1542 doltish1543 dumpish1545 assish1548 blockish1548 slow-witted1548 blockheaded1549 surd1551 dull-headed1552 hammer-headed1552 skit-brained?1553 buzzardly1561 witless1562 log-headeda1566 assy1566 sottish1566 dastardly1567 stupidious1567 beetle-headed1570 calvish1570 bluntish1578 cod's-headed1578 grout-headed1578 bedaft1579 dull-pated1580 blate1581 buzzard-like1581 long-eared1582 dullard1583 woodena1586 duncical1588 leaden-headed1589 buzzard1592 dorbellical1592 dunstical1592 heavy-headeda1593 shallow-brained1592 blunt-witted1594 mossy1597 Bœotian1598 clay-brained1598 fat1598 fat-witted1598 knotty-pated1598 stupidous1598 wit-lost1599 barren1600 duncifiedc1600 lourdish1600 stockish1600 thick1600 booby1603 leaden-pated1603 partless1603 thin-headed1603 leaden-skulledc1604 blockhead1606 frost-brained1606 ram-headed1608 beef-witted1609 insulse1609 leaden-spirited1609 asininec1610 clumse1611 blockheadly1612 wattle-headed1613 flata1616 logger-headeda1616 puppy-headeda1616 shallow-patedc1616 thick-brained1619 half-headed1621 buzzard-blinda1625 beef-brained1628 toom-headed1629 thick-witted1634 woollen-witted1635 squirrel-headed1637 clod-pated1639 lean-souled1639 muddy-headed1642 leaden-witteda1645 as sad as any mallet1645 under-headed1646 fat-headed1647 half-witted1647 insipid1651 insulsate1652 soft-headed1653 thick-skulleda1657 muddish1658 non-intelligent1659 whey-brained1660 sap-headed1665 timber-headed1666 leather-headeda1668 out of (one's) tree1669 boobily1673 thoughtless1673 lourdly1674 logger1675 unintelligenta1676 Bœotic1678 chicken-brained1678 under-witted1683 loggerhead1684 dunderheaded1692 unintelligible1694 buffle-headed1697 crassicc1700 numbskulled1707 crassous1708 doddy-polled1708 haggis-headed1715 niddy-noddy1722 muzzy1723 pudding-headed1726 sumphish1728 pitcher-souleda1739 duncey1743 hebete1743 chuckheaded1756 dumb1756 duncely1757 imbecile1766 mutton-headed1768 chuckle-headed1770 jobbernowl1770 dowfarta1774 boobyish1778 wittol1780 staumrel1787 opaquec1789 stoopid1791 mud-headed1793 borné1795 muzzy-headed1798 nog-headed1800 thick-headed1801 gypit1804 duncish1805 lightweight1809 numbskull1814 tup-headed1816 chuckle-pate1820 unintellectuala1821 dense1822 ninnyish1822 dunch1825 fozy1825 potato-headed1826 beef-headed1828 donkeyish1831 blockheadish1833 pinheaded1837 squirrel-minded1837 pumpkin-headed1838 tomfoolish1838 dundering1840 chicken-headed1842 like a bump on a log1842 ninny-minded1849 numbheadeda1852 nincompoopish1852 suet-brained1852 dolly1853 mullet-headed1853 sodden1853 fiddle-headed1854 numb1854 bovine1855 logy1859 crass1861 unsmart1861 off his chump1864 wooden-headed1865 stupe1866 lean-minded1867 duffing1869 cretinous1871 doddering1871 thick-head1873 doddling1874 stupido1879 boneheaded1883 woolly-headed1883 leaden-natured1889 suet-headed1890 sam-sodden1891 dopey1896 turnip-headed1898 bonehead1903 wool-witted1905 peanut-headed1906 peanut-brained1907 dilly1909 torpid-minded1909 retardate1912 nitwitted1917 meat-headed1918 mug1922 cloth-headed1925 loopy1925 nitwit1928 lame-brained1929 dead from the neck up1930 simpy1932 nail-headed1936 square-headed1936 dingbats1937 pinhead1939 dim-witted1940 pea-brained1942 clueless1943 lobotomized1943 retarded1949 pointy-headed1950 clottish1952 like a stunned mullet1953 silly (or crazy) as a two-bob watch1954 out to lunch1955 pin-brained1958 dozy1959 eejity1964 out of one's tiny mind1965 doofus1967 twitty1967 twittish1969 twatty1975 twattish1976 blur1977 dof1979 goofus1981 dickheaded1991 dickish1991 numpty1992 cockish1996 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > duping, making a fool of > [adjective] > gullible weak1423 simple-minded1556 gullish1598 soft1621 cheatable1647 miscarriageablea1656 bubbleable1668 imposablea1734 cullible1811 gullable1817 humbuggable1819 gullible1825 dupable1833 pigeonable1844 fleeceable1868 bluffable1885 hoodwinkable1889 yobbish1910 mug1922 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > [noun] > player of games of chance > types of card gospeller1550 carrow1577 eagle1608 piker1859 plunger1868 tinhorn gambler1885 pool shark1886 tinhorn1887 mug punter1922 1922 E. Wallace Flying Fifty-five xxxiii. 197 The mug punter was he who dreamed of long-priced winners and refused to bet on the six to four certainty preferring rather the hopeless proposition that started at twenty to one. 1963 T. Tullett Inside Interpol xvi. 216 There are still thousands of ‘mug’ criminals..who invariably make mistakes. 1985 L. Griffiths Arthur Daley's Guide to doing it Right 98 I despise mug punters, the kind of people who bet on every race. 1990 M. Harris Hemingway's Suitcase xvi. 122 The movie turned out about as she expected, both for the classy couple and the mug couple. 2. mug lair n. [ < sense A. + lair n.⁴] Australian slang (derogatory) a stupid show-off; a vulgar person; also attributive. ΚΠ 1945 S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. 119 (note) Mug lair and bush lair, used offensively. 1965 Oz (Sydney) xxiii. 8 Now I reckon any bloke that goes for your technical apparatus is a mug lair mongrel! 1978 S. Ball Muma's Boarding House 141 Larry's a real mug lair—been training his boy since he could walk and reckons he's a world beater. 1993 Moreton Bay Big (Brisbane) 7 July 3/4 A big cheerio to the muglair coppers who felt it necessary to gun their Commodore through the Valley mall at high speed. Compounds mug-hunter n. a mugger who robs drunkards by night. ΚΠ 1887 J. W. Horsley Jottings from Jail 95 An old mug-hunter, one, that is to say, of the wretched horde who haunt the street at midnight to rob drunken men. mug's game n. a thankless task; a useless, foolish, or unprofitable activity. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > uselessness, vanity, or futility > [noun] > a profitless undertaking wild-goose race1594 wild goose chase1597 fool's erranda1629 job1680 water haul1823 rainbow chase1840 Sisyphism1846 blind alley1854 fool's gold1870 mug's game1900 Saltash luck1914 dead end1922 boondoggle1947 1900 D. Brownell Diary 18 July in J. Bufton Tasmanians in Transvaal War (1905) 304 Come to the conclusion that walking is a ‘mug's game’. 1910 H. Belloc Pongo & Bull xv. 233 One cannot arrest millionaires with impunity... Even in a wild democracy to arrest them is Mug's game. 1930 G. B. Shaw Apple Cart ii. 77 I am going out of politics. Politics is a mug's game. 1987 C. Simmons Belles Lettres Papers i. 19 Book reviewing is a mug's game when done regularly. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mugadj.² Brit. /mʌɡ/, U.S. /məɡ/, Bermudian English /mɒɡ/, /mʌɡ/ Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: mug adj.¹ Etymology: Probably a specific use of mug adj.¹ Bermudian English slang (derogatory). Unattractive, unappealing, unpleasant. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > lack of beauty > [adjective] > unattractive unlustya1425 favourless1594 unpersonable1601 unpromising1632 untaking1683 uninviting1686 uncharming1687 charmless1710 plain-looking1744 unengaging1749 unattracting1776 unprepossessing1790 unattractive1813 attractionless1832 unappealing1846 unsweet1866 unwinning1890 unfaceable1899 unenticing1914 schlubby1968 mug2009 the mind > emotion > hatred > dislike > disgust > [adjective] > disgusting or repulsive fulsomec1510 distasteful1607 stinkardly1616 reluctant1663 disgustful1678 fulsamic1694 disgusteda1716 disgustive1740 revolting1773 disgustable1787 repulsive1791 disgusting1839 foul1842 vomitorial1868 untouchable1873 icky1938 gross1959 grody1965 yechy1969 yucky1970 yuck1971 yuck-making1972 gross-out1973 skeevy1976 sleazoid1976 skanky1982 festy1995 mug2009 2009 @AkeenAnthony 1 June in twitter.com (accessed 28 July 2020) Robert pattinson is mug! Maybe it's bcuz I'm not a 12 year old girl. 2020 @itzjustdruw 23 Apr. in twitter.com (accessed 28 July 2020) [In response to Some of you bitches are just flat out mean.] And that's mug af. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mugv.¹ Brit. /mʌɡ/, U.S. /məɡ/, Scottish English /mʌɡ/ Forms: Middle English muged (past tense), 1800s– mug, 1900s– mogg (Shetland), 1900s– mugg (Shetland). Origin: Probably a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymology: Probably < early Scandinavian (compare Icelandic mugga to snow in calm weather, Norwegian (Nynorsk) mugga to drizzle), probably ultimately < the same Germanic base as muck n.¹ Compare later mug n.⁴ Scottish and English regional. intransitive. To rain lightly, to drizzle. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > rain falls [verb (intransitive)] > rain fine rain mugc1400 mizzle1439 mull1440 drizzle1566 haze1691 dag1825 smur1825 c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 2080 (MED) Mist muged on þe mor, malt on þe mountez. 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. (at cited word) To Mug, Muggle, to drizzle. 1861 J. Davidson Poems 93 Muggin' down in gentle drappies Ambrosial vivifyin' dew. a1903 J. P. Kirk in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 193/2 [S. Nottinghamshire] It mugs a little; yer can't call it rain. 1932 A. Horsbøl tr. J. Jakobsen Etymol. Dict. Norn Lang. in Shetland II. 575/2 Mugg, to rain softly, to drizzle; mostly in warm weather. ‘He is muggin’, it is drizzling. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mugv.² Brit. /mʌɡ/, U.S. /məɡ/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mug n.¹ Etymology: < mug n.¹ English regional and slang. †1. intransitive. To drink alcoholic liquor; to get drunk. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (intransitive)] > drink intoxicating liquor to wet (one's) whistle, weasand, mouth, beak, beardc1386 bibc1400 to kiss the cupa1420 drawa1500 refresh1644 mug1653 bub1654 jug1681 whiffle1693 dram1740 wet1783 to suck (also sup) the monkey1785 stimulate1800 lush1811 taste1823 liquor1839 oil1841 paint1853 irrigate1856 nip1858 smile1858 peg1874 gargle1889 shicker1906 stop1924 bevvy1934 the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [verb (intransitive)] > get drunk drunkenc1000 to wash one's face in an ale clout1550 to shoe the goose, gosling1566 to catch, hunt the fox1599 to swallow a tavern-token1601 to read Geneva print1608 to whip the cat1622 inebriate1626 to hunt a tavern-fox1635 fox1649 mug1653 to fuddle one's cap or nose1663 to lose one's legs1770 gin1789 stone1858 to beer up1884 slop1899 to get, have, tie a bun on1901 shicker1906 souse1921 lush1926 to cop a reeler1937 to tie one on1951 1653 N. Hookes Miscellanea Poetica in Amanda 101 O're might thou know'st it was thy fatal lot, To mug, to quaffe. 1807 C. I. M. Dibdin Mirth & Metre 116 While the merry Potter mugs, The Oilman he gets soapy. 1888 E. D. Stone Dorica 161 Not goo muggin' of our paat, And runnin' scores up on the zlaat. 2. transitive. To bribe with alcoholic drink; to supply with alcoholic drink; to buy a drink for (a person). Also reflexive: to get drunk. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [verb (transitive)] > bribe > with liquor mug1807 1807 C. I. M. Dibdin Mirth & Metre 253 A scolding spousy was his lot, Wha' mugg'd hersel'. 1830 H. Ingelo Reminisc. II. 479 Having..mugged, as we say in England, our pilot. 1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 38 Come! mug the girls, and they'll get on with their work. 1857 T. B. Gunn Physiol. N.Y. Boarding-houses 97 The Tipperarian declared, privately, that she was in the habit of ‘mugging herself’ with spirits; going to bed with her clothes on, and a black-bottle, for that purpose. a1903 J. P. Kirk in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 193/1 [S. Nottinghamshire] She'd got some money, so she wor muggin hersen yisterday. 1939 Daily Mirror 14 Mar. Are you going to ‘mug’ us... Are you going to stand me a drink? 1966 P. Moloney Plea for Mersey 23 If ye say to them ‘scouse, Mug us dem on de house,’ Yerl make Birty and Girty all shirty. 1966 F. Shaw et al. Lern Yerself Scouse 42 Ile mug yer, allow me to treat you. 1966 F. Shaw et al. Lern Yerself Scouse 77 Many's the fella dat I use'ter mug. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mugv.³ Brit. /mʌɡ/, U.S. /məɡ/ Forms: 1700s– mogg (English regional (south-western)), 1800s– mug. Origin: Probably formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mug n.³ Etymology: Probably < mug n.³ Compare slightly later muggard adj. English regional and slang. Now rare. intransitive. To pout, grow sullen; to mope. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill humour > be ill-humoured [verb (intransitive)] to have pissed on a nettle1546 mumpc1610 to sell souse1611 sullena1652 sumpha1689 frump1693 hatch1694 sunk1724 mug?c1730 purt1746 sulk1781 to get up or out of bed (on) the wrong side1801 strum1804 boody1857 sull1869 grump1875 to hump the back1889 to have (also pull, throw, etc.) a moody1969 the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > be or become dejected [verb (intransitive)] heavyOE fallOE droopena1225 lourc1290 droopc1330 to abate one's countenance (also cheer)a1350 dullc1374 fainta1375 languora1375 languisha1382 afflicta1393 gloppen?a1400 weary1434 appalc1450 to have one's heart in one's boots (also shoes, heels, hose, etc.)c1450 peak1580 dumpc1585 mopea1592 sink1603 bate1607 deject1644 despond1655 alamort?1705 sadden1718 dismal1780 munge1790 mug1828 to get one's tail down1853 to have (also get) the pip1881 shadow1888 to have (one's) ass in a sling1960 ?c1730 J. Haynes Dorsetshire Vocab. in Notes & Queries (1883) 21 July 45/1 To mogg, pout or grow sullen. 1762 E. Collins Misc. in Prose & Verse 122 Wit hung her blob, ev'n Humour seem'd to mourn, And sullenly sat mogging o'er his urn. 1828 Sporting Mag. 23 28 Snoozing and mugging over the fire after a hard day's work. 1861 J. G. Holland Lessons in Life xx. 283 By ‘mugging’ over your trouble out of business hours. a1903 W. F. Rose in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 142/1 [Somerset] Applied to cattle. ‘I don't like their looks—mogging over their food so’. 1919 ‘W. N. P. Barbellion’ Jrnl. Disappointed Man 82 Mugged about all day. Put on a gramophone record [etc.]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022). mugv.⁴ Brit. /mʌɡ/, U.S. /məɡ/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mug n.³ Etymology: < mug n.³ Compare slightly later mugger n.² 1. a. transitive. slang (originally Boxing). To strike (a person) in the face; to fight, beat up, assault; to strangle. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > beating or repeated striking > beat [verb (transitive)] > specifically a person to-beatc893 threshOE bustc1225 to lay on or upon?c1225 berrya1250 to-bunea1250 touchc1330 arrayc1380 byfrapc1380 boxc1390 swinga1400 forbeatc1420 peal?a1425 routa1425 noddlea1450 forslinger1481 wipe1523 trima1529 baste1533 waulk1533 slip1535 peppera1550 bethwack1555 kembc1566 to beat (a person) black and blue1568 beswinge1568 paik1568 trounce1568 canvass1573 swaddle?1577 bebaste1582 besoop1589 bumfeage1589 dry-beat1589 feague1589 lamback1589 clapperclaw1590 thrash1593 belam1595 lam1595 beswaddle1598 bumfeagle1598 belabour1600 tew1600 flesh-baste1611 dust1612 feeze1612 mill1612 verberate1614 bethumpa1616 rebuke1619 bemaul1620 tabor1624 maula1627 batterfang1630 dry-baste1630 lambaste1637 thunder-thump1637 cullis1639 dry-banga1640 nuddle1640 sauce1651 feak1652 cotton1654 fustigate1656 brush1665 squab1668 raddle1677 to tan (a person's) hide1679 slam1691 bebump1694 to give (a person) his load1694 fag1699 towel1705 to kick a person's butt1741 fum1790 devel1807 bray1808 to beat (also scare, etc.) someone's daylights out1813 mug1818 to knock (a person) into the middle of next week1821 welt1823 hidea1825 slate1825 targe1825 wallop1825 pounce1827 to lay into1838 flake1841 muzzle1843 paste1846 looder1850 frail1851 snake1859 fettle1863 to do over1866 jacket1875 to knock seven kinds of —— out of (a person)1877 to take apart1880 splatter1881 to beat (knock, etc.) the tar out of1884 to —— the shit out of (a person or thing)1886 to do up1887 to —— (the) hell out of1887 to beat — bells out of a person1890 soak1892 to punch out1893 stoush1893 to work over1903 to beat up1907 to punch up1907 cream1929 shellac1930 to —— the bejesus out of (a person or thing)1931 duff1943 clobber1944 to fill in1948 to bash up1954 to —— seven shades of —— out of (a person or thing)1976 to —— seven shades out of (a person or thing)1983 beast1990 becurry- fan- society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > boxing > box [verb (transitive)] > actions parry1672 punish1801 pink1810 shy1812 sling1812 mug1818 weave1818 prop1846 feint1857 counter1861 cross-counter1864 slip1897 hook1898 unload1912 to beat a person to the punch1923 mitt1930 tag1938 counterpunch1964 the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by strangling aworryc885 achokeOE astrangle1297 strangle13.. worry14.. choke1303 weary1340 gnarec1380 athroatc1400 enstranglec1400 gagc1440 throttlec1450 estrangle1483 stifle1548 snarl1563 thrapple1570 quackle1622 bowstring1803 scrag1823 strangulate1846 mug1866 to screw a person's neck1872 garrotte1878 guzzle1885 to screw an animal's neck1888 1818 Sporting Mag. 2 279 The latter got away, and in return mugged him. 1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 37 Most of them can..mug..alias fight. 1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 76 She felt inclined to mug her rival, only she thought it would be no bottle. 1866 London Misc. 5 May 102 Suppose they had mugged you?.. Slogged you, you know. 1904 ‘No. 1500’ Life in Sing Sing 250/2 Mug,..to strangle. 1990 Ring Oct. 25/3 Pryor mugged and swung wildly several times in losing the round. b. transitive. colloquial. To attack and rob (a person), esp. in a public place. Now the usual sense. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > rob [verb (transitive)] > attack and rob huff1832 garrotte1858 mug1864 to jack up1965 steam1987 1864 J. C. Hotten Slang Dict. (new ed.) 183 Mug,..to rob by the garrote. 1948 N.Y. Times 15 Aug. 36 The police said the victims were mugged in the hallways of their homes. 1971 B. Malamud Tenants 198 Lesser..daily fears that..the writer will be mugged on the subway stairs and lie there unable to crawl home. 1994 Computing 3 Mar. 16/2 In many US states, so many people are mugged and murdered while using ATMs that state governments are forcing banks to fit safety devices. c. transitive. figurative. To overpower (a person); to attack or harass without the use of physical force. ΚΠ 1973 Rev. in Amer. Hist. 1 484 No one in recent years has so mugged the congressional Republicans as Berger. 1992 Independent 5 Nov. 14/7 Mr Clinton..was mugged in turn by the tabloid, broadsheet and television media over allegations of an extra-marital affair. 2000 Rugby World June 70/2 The Scots' victory at rain-soaked Murrayfield came 12 months after Wales mugged England as they tried to win the Slam at Wembley. 2. slang (chiefly Australian and New Zealand). a. transitive. To kiss, fondle, embrace. Also with up. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > kiss > give or indulge in kisses [verb] bac1386 smick1541 smacker1598 basiate1623 buss1633 osculate1656 mug1822 1822 P. Egan Life in London ii. v. 289 How happy could I be with either, Were t'other dear charmer away, But while you both mug me together, You'll make me a spooney,..I say. 1916 C. J. Dennis Songs Sentimental Bloke (new ed.) 126 Mug, to, to kiss. 1932 Amer. Speech 7 334 Mug, to kiss. 1942 Yank 23 Sept. 14 He mugged her lightly. 1957 I. Cross God Boy (1958) x. 80 You think there is something funny about them mugging up each other like that? b. intransitive. To kiss, embrace, engage in amorous fondling. Also with up. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > kiss > [verb (intransitive)] > smooch mug1890 to get to first base1892 smooch1932 to suck face1979 pash1990 1890 [implied in: Bull-ant (Melbourne) 28 Aug. 17/3 B. M. was especially favoured with the mugging and kissing which M. E. (a new arrival) bestowed so freely on certain young ladies. (at mugging n.¹ 2)]. 1930 ‘Brent of Bin Bin’ Ten Creeks Run xiv. 221 Arsk Jane Humphreys, she's seen 'em kissin' an' muggin' like a house on fire. 1977 T. A. G. Hungerford Wong Chu & Queen's Letterbox 82 You been mugging up with the postie. 3. slang (originally Theatre). a. intransitive. To pull a face, esp. in front of an audience or camera, to grimace; to overact. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > face with expression [verb (intransitive)] > distort fleer?a1400 mowc1450 snowrec1450 to make (also pull) a facec1522 to throw one's facea1525 pot1549 mop1567 murgeonc1586 to cut facesa1616 wrimple1657 work1753 grimace1762 mowl1837 wrinkle1843 mug1856 girn1900 1856 C. Dickens Little Dorrit (1857) i. xx. 172 The low comedian had ‘mugged’ at him in his richest manner fifty nights for a wager. 1869 W. S. Gilbert Bab Ballads 118 He saw a dreary person on the stage, Who mouthed and mugged in simulated rage. 1942 E. Paul Narrow Street xxxvi. 315 A lean French soprano of uncertain age and shop-worn features was mugging into the microphone and gesticulating as she sang: ‘Parlez-moi d'amour’. 1955 V. Nabokov Lolita I. xxxii. 182 Frail Lo,..her sulky face to a door mirror,..tritely mugged at herself in the glass. 1986 New Yorker 3 Mar. 37/3 He put his arm around me and really mugged for the camera. †b. transitive. to mug up: to paint (one's face); to put make-up on. Also intransitive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > beautify the skin or complexion [verb (intransitive)] > paint or colour paintc1275 farda1450 parget1581 to mug up1859 the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > beautify (the skin or complexion) [verb (transitive)] > paint or colour painta1382 farcec1400 farda1450 parget1581 complexion1612 surfle1633 cerusea1640 petre1656 lacquer1688 whitewasha1704 enamel1804 peachify1853 to mug up1859 highlight1935 1859 J. C. Hotten Dict. Slang 65 Mug-up, to paint one's face. Theat. 1861 H. Mayhew London Labour (new ed.) III. 193/2 Then he underwent the operation of mugging him up with oil-colour paint, black, and..red. 4. transitive. U.S. slang. To photograph the face of (a person), esp. for police or other official records. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > action of taking photograph > take photograph [verb (intransitive)] > in specific manner shoot1890 Kodak1891 snap1891 snapshot1894 mug1899 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > action of taking photograph > photograph [verb (transitive)] > in specific manner to fire away1859 stereograph1860 flashlight1886 shoot1890 snap1890 Kodak1891 snapshot1898 mug1899 mutoscope1899 telephotograph1899 mutograph1908 photomaton1927 soft-focus1928 minicam1937 microfiche1975 pap1993 1899 ‘J. Flynt’ Tramping with Tramps iv. 395 Mug,..to photograph. 1912 A. C. Train Courts, Criminals & Camorra 5 ‘Mugging’ was all right, so long as you ‘mugged’ the right persons. 1934 Sun (Baltimore) 5 July 13/6 Attempts of Federal authorities to ‘mug’ him proved futile. When Robert C. Johnson..prepared to snap a picture of the prisoner, Kent held his hands before his face. 1972 G. V. Higgins Friends Eddie Coyle xix. 115 We brought him up to the marshal's office and mugged him and printed him. 1989 B. Spock & M. Morgan Spock on Spock xvi. 190 Waits to be searched,..waits to be fingerprinted, waits to be mugged (photographed). 2010 Daily News (N.Y.) 31 Aug. 1 (headline) From clink to links... Clemens is mugged, fingerprinted—then grabs clubs for Myrtle Beach tourney. 5. intransitive. Jazz. to mug light (also lightly): to play swing (esp. staccato swing) softly, or with a soft beat. to mug heavy: to play swing (esp. staccato swing) with a heavier beat. Now rare. ΚΠ 1930 L. Russell (title of record) Muggin' lightly. 1936 Delineator Nov. 10/2 They're mugging light, they're mugging heavy, they're in the groove! 1944 C. Calloway Hepsters Dict. ‘Muggin' lightly’, light staccato swing; ‘muggin' heavy’, heavy staccato swing. 1970 C. Major Dict. Afro-Amer. Slang 83 Mugging heavy (or light, lightly): (1930's–40's) in jazz, the term refers to the beat, its quality. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mugv.⁵ Brit. /mʌɡ/, U.S. /məɡ/ Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps related to mug v.³ Compare slightly later mug n.⁵ slang. 1. intransitive. To read or study in a concentrated manner. Now frequently with up (on a subject, book, etc.); also formerly with away at, on at. ΘΚΠ society > education > learning > study > [verb (intransitive)] > study diligently or hard porec1387 muzz?1744 sap1830 bone1832 to study up1846 mug1848 grind1855 swot1860 stew1866 swank1890 groise1913 1848 J. C. Maxwell in L. Campbell & W. Garnett Life J. C. Maxwell (1882) 117 Please to write about your Prizes at College, and about coming here to mug. 1860 J. C. Hotten Dict. Slang (ed. 2) Mug-up... To ‘cram’ for an examination.—Army. 1878 About Some Fellows vii. 45 Stortford, ever since he had settled to work, had..been patiently mugging on at his verses, and had got twelve done. 1893 G. Allen Scallywag I. 241 That prize essay you were mugging away at. 1915 H. L. Wilson Ruggles of Red Gap ix. 161 Many an hour found him mugging away at the book, earnestly striving to memorize the part. 1960 W. H. Auden Homage to Clio 90 You need not mug up on dates. 1989 R. MacNeil Wordstruck iv. 102 His marginal notes suggest that he mugged up on Milton..about five minutes before he confronted us. 1999 Alumnus (National Univ. Singapore) Apr. 55/2 You must have mugged all the way through school and are working so hard that you have no time to relax. 2. transitive. To learn (a subject, book, etc.) by hard or concentrated study. Usually with up. ΘΚΠ society > education > learning > study > [verb (transitive)] > study diligently or hard to make a study ofa1591 nit1596 to sit over ——1606 to mouse over1808 to work out1830 bone1832 work1840 to work up1852 mug1868 swot1901 1868 All Year Round 25 July 161/1 The officer who is going to get his company..is found ‘mugging up’ the red book at odd times with enthusiasm. 1882 W. Besant Revolt of Man v. 111 When they ought to have been ‘mugging bones’, or drawing contracts, or reading theology. 1889 G. Allen Tents of Shem II. xxiv. 122 I've mugged it up out of books, that's all. Anybody can mug it all up if he'll only take the pains. 1905 H. A. Vachell Hill iii. 51 We must mug up our ‘cons’ well enough to scrape along without ‘puns’ and extra school. 1959 Daily Tel. 10 June 10/2 But no one..after yesterday's inauguration of the new electric services from London to the Kent Coast is going to mind mugging up any number of amended arrival and departure times. 1987 R. Manning Corridor of Mirrors xiv. 151 I had mugged up a few Cornish folktales to tell Sue and keep her amused. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mugv.⁶ Brit. /mʌɡ/, U.S. /məɡ/ Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown. Compare slightly later mugged adj.²Recorded in Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v. Mug v.⁵ from Berkshire and Gloucestershire. British regional. slang. intransitive. To crowd, huddle together in a confined space. ΚΠ 1878 Notes & Queries 2 Feb. 84/2 They are all, father, mother, and children, mugging together in one room. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mugv.⁷ Brit. /mʌɡ/, U.S. /məɡ/, Canadian English /mʌɡ/ Origin: Probably formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mug n.¹ Etymology: Probably < mug n.¹ Compare earlier mug v.³ slang (chiefly Canadian and Nautical). intransitive. to mug up: to make a plentiful meal, to eat heartily. Also: to have a snack, meal, or hot drink. Cf. mug-up n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > eat via specific process [verb (intransitive)] > eat heartily to lay in1579 to fall aboard——1603 to eat (also work) like a horse1707 to play a good knife and fork1809 tuck1810 stoke1882 to mug up1897 1897 R. Kipling Captains Courageous v, in McClure's Mag. Jan. 234/2 No reg'lar meals fer no one then. 'Mug-up when ye're hungry, an' sleep when ye can't keep awake. 1897 R. Kipling Captains Courageous ix. 202 Him an' my boy hookin' fried pies an' muggin' up when they ought to ha' been asleep. 1901 Scribner's Mag. 29 498/2 Let Martin and me mug up and get over near the fire to dry out, and we'll have it again. 1917 ‘Bartimeus’ Long Trick iv. 78 Coats and mufflers were donned and a bottle of sloe-gin uncorked. ‘Mug-up!’ cried the Sub. ‘Mug-up, and let's get 'appy and chatty.’ 1936 A. Stringer Wife Traders xv. 214 They fell into the habit of stopping more often to ‘mug up’ along the trail. 1950 J. Hambleton Abitibi Adventure 94 René was just ‘mugging up’ when the shaggy terrier..sent the blackened tea pail flying. 1972 L. Hancock There's Seal in my Sleeping Bag v. 84 We..mugged up on boiled eggs, toast, jam, and coffee. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1400n.²1596n.³1708n.⁴a1728n.⁵1853n.⁶adj.¹1857adj.²2009v.¹c1400v.²1653v.³?c1730v.⁴1818v.⁵1848v.⁶1878v.⁷1897
随便看	bid welcome bid, offer, refuse, accept, take arch battle bid, offer, refuse, accept, take battle bid, wish a person welcome bid, wish a person welcome home bid, wish welcome bid, wish welcome home bid-ale bid-prayer bidale bidarka bidarkas bidarkee bidarkees bidaxe bidcock biddabilities biddability biddable biddableness biddablenesses biddabler biddablest biddably biddance

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