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单词 mungo
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mungon.1

Forms: 1700s mungos, 1700s–1800s mungo.
Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: mongoose n.
Etymology: Shortened < mongoose n. (see forms s.v.), perhaps as an inferred singular.E. Kæmpfer ( Amœnitatum Exoticarum (1712, 574) says that the Portuguese called the animal mungo and the plant raje mungo i.e. ‘mungo root’. R. Knox explains the relationship of the plant and the animal (compare also etymological note s.v. mongoose n. and quot. 1838 at sense 1):1681 R. Knox Hist. Relation Ceylon 115 The knowledge of these antidotal herbs they have learnt from the Mounggoutia, a kind of Ferret. N.E.D. (1908) gives the pronunciation as (mɒ·ŋgo) /ˈmʌŋɡəʊ/.
Obsolete.
1. More fully mungo root. An Indo-Malaysian plant, Ophiorrhiza mungos (family Rubiaceae), formerly reputed to cure snakebites.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antidote > [noun] > antidotes to snake-bite > plant or plant-derived
snake-wood1598
snake-weed1631
snake-root1635
contrayerva1648
Virginia snake-root1694
senega1738
mungo root1741
guaco1834
master weed1843
1741 Philos. Trans. 1737–8 (Royal Soc.) 40 442 The two famous Antidotes, the Mungos-root, and the Serpentine-stone.
1759 B. Stillingfleet in tr. Misc. Tracts Nat. Hist. 155 (note) As soon as this serpent appears the weesel attacks him, and if she chances to be bit by him, she immediately runs to find a certain vegetable; upon eating which she returns, and renews the fight. The Indians are of opinion, that this plant is the mungos.
1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 429/2 The story of the Ichneumon Mungo..having recourse to the plant Hampaddu Tanah, or Mungo root, as an antidote when bitten by serpents.
2. A mongoose.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Carnivora > [noun] > family Herpestidae > genus Herpestes (mongoose)
ichneumon1572
rat of Inde1601
Pharaoh's rat1605
Indian mouse1607
Pharaoh's mouse1607
Indian rat1613
mongoose1673
mungo1752
vansire1774
yellow mongoose1917
1752 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. III. 550 Ray and some others..call it Viverra Indica quæ Mungo Lusitanis, Mungathia Ceylonensibus; we call it the Mungo or Mungose.
1752 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. III. 549 Mustela griseo et albido variegata... The tabbied Mungo.
1775 T. Martyn Elements Nat. Hist. I. i. 30 Pharaoh's Rat or Mungo. Viverra Ichneumon.
a1832 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XX. 236/2 This animal is known in India, of which it is a native, by the name of Mungo or Mungutia.
1859 J. Bowring Visit to Philippine Islands xvi. 274 Oxen, swine, buffaloes, deer, goats..flying squirrels, dogs, rats, mungoes and other quadrupeds, are found in various stages of domesiticity and wildness.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

mungon.2

Brit. /ˈmʌŋɡəʊ/, U.S. /ˈməŋɡoʊ/
Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps from a proper name. Etymon: proper name Mungo.
Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps < the Scottish personal name Mungo. The word first appears as the name of a black slave in I. Bickerstaffe's farce The Padlock (see quot. 1768), where it is perhaps used as a play on ‘mun go’ (see mun v. and go v.).Later perhaps also with allusion to the name of Mungo Park (1771–1806), Scottish explorer; compare the following:?1839 C. Mathews Motley Bk. in Various Writings (1843) 49 Converted into chicken-pie and roasted birds, by Mungo Park, his head slave.
Now historical.
A black person, esp. a slave. Also used as a proper name.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > black person > [noun]
AfriceOE
MoorOE
EthiopOE
blomana1225
Ethiopiana1325
blue mana1387
Moriana1387
black mana1398
blackamoor1525
black Morian1526
black boy1530
molen1538
Nigro1548
Nigrite1554
Negro1555
neger1568
nigger1577
blackfellow1598
Kaffir1607
black1614
thick-lipsa1616
Hubsheea1627
black African1633
blackface1704
sambo1704
Cuffee1713
Nigritian1738
fellow1753
Cuff1755
blacky1759
mungo1768
Quashie1774
darkie?1775
snowball1785
blue skin1788
Moriscan1794
sooterkin1821
nigc1832
tar-brush1835–40
Jim Crow1838
sooty1838
mokec1847
dinge1848
monkey1849
Siddi1849
dark1853
nigre1853
Negroid1860
kink1865
Sam1867
Rastus1882
schvartze1886
race man1896
possum1900
shine1908
jigaboo1909
smoke1913
golliwog1916
jazzbo1918
boogie1923
jig1924
melanoderm1924
spade1928
jit1931
Zulu1931
eight ball1932
Afro1942
nigra1944
spook1945
munt1948
Tom1956
boot1957
soul brother1957
nig-nog1959
member1962
pork chop1963
splib1964
blood1965
non-voter1966
moolinyan1967
Oreo1968
boogaloo1972
pongo1972
moolie1988
1768 I. Bickerstaff Padlock i. vi. 11 What e'er's to be done, Poor black must run; Mungo here, Mungo dere, Mungo every where.
1769 H. Walpole Mem. George III (1794) III. 211 Dyson, as usual was..ill-treated by the Opposition; Colonel Barré, the day before, having baptized him by the name of Mungo, a black slave in a new farce called The Padlock, who is described as employed by everybody in all jobs and servile offices.
1794 Times 12 Feb. 3/2 The manner in which the Black business was settled,..was this:—The husband..desired his wife to go where she pleased, (after she said she'd live with no one but the Black) and Mungo was taken by a press gang.
1798 Monthly Mag. Mar. 184/1 Might not New Yorkers give encouragement to the poor Scotch and Irish emigrants..and thus totally do away the mungo and the tawney breeds?
1803 J. Minshull Sprightly Widow Prol. Ye sons of Roman laws, exact the same, No Squaw your mamma..nor Indian name; No Mungo tribe, with crops of wool to shear.
1824 R. B. Peake Americans Abroad (1884) ii. iv. 14/1 Oh, the tall Yankee with the mungo! that fatal beef! I shall lose the postillion's place.
1839 P. Hawker Diary (1893) II. 163 (note) Heatley, the trumpet major,..and Fitzhenry, an old mungo and pupil of mine on the tambourine.
1941 R. Graves Proceed, Sergeant Lamb vi. 95 Advancing therefore to Sir James and gently tapping him on the shoulder, this mungo said: ‘Massa, you no speak here!’
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mungon.3

Origin: Of unknown origin.
Etymology: Origin unknown.
slang. Obsolete.
A person of influence, position, or fashion.
ΚΠ
1770 Let. in Oxf. Mag. 4 229/1 But in the year 1770 the ladies of the first quality, the Mungoes, the superiors of the times, have abrogated [printed arrogated] the old Salic laws of libertinism, and openly set up a tavern in profest rivalry of Boodle's, Arthur's, and Almack's.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

mungon.4

Brit. /ˈmʌŋɡəʊ/, U.S. /ˈməŋɡoʊ/
Forms: 1800s mingo (irregular), 1800s mongoe, 1800s– mungo.
Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mung n.1, -o suffix.
Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps < mung n.1 + -o suffix.The (fictitious) story commonly told to account for the word is that when the first sample of the article was made, the foreman said ‘It won't go’, to which the master replied ‘But it mun go’ (i.e. must go).
Fibres produced by shredding old woven or felted material; inferior cloth made from such fibres. Frequently attributive. Cf. shoddy n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from reconstituted materials > [noun]
shoddy1847
mungo1857
1857 Post Office Directory Yorks. 1001 Mungo Merchants and Dealers [40 entries].
1858 Brit. Assoc. Rep. 160 A large quantity of rag wool called shoddy and mungo imported from Germany.
1860 S. Jubb Hist. Shoddy-trade 19 The principal part of a rag machine is the swift..; the coarser set swifts are used to grind soft rags into shoddy; the finer set ones, to tear cloth rags into mungo.
1860 S. Jubb Hist. Shoddy-trade 32 Mungo rag is either old or new.
1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 176 Mingo is even a shorter description of fibre, and is made in the same way [as shoddy] from old rags.
1884 Cassell's Family Mag. Feb. 155/2 A great many people are..occupied in cutting out the seams and button-holes of old cloth clothes... These are called mongoe-cutters, and the prepared woollen rags are known as mongoe.
1961 H. Blackshaw & R. Brightman Dict. Dyeing 116 Mungo, the poorest grade of shoddy, being that obtained from rags, etc., and from materials which have been felted.
1973 Materials & Technol. VI. iii. 246 Fiercer mechanical action is needed to disintegrate hard rags and the material obtained from them is ‘mungo’ containing many short fibres.
2000 Times 7 Oct. 23/2 She comes from Batley, among the shoddy and mungo mills.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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