multiplen.adj.
/ˈmʌltᵻpl/, U.S. /ˈməltəp(ə)l/ A. n.† 1. Scottish. A multitude, a great number; = multiplie n. Obsolete. rare.† 3. Philosophy. In Kantian philosophy: = manifold n.1 3a. Obsolete. rare.
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the world > relative properties > number > plurality > great number, numerousness > [noun] > a large number or multitude
sandc825
thousandc1000
un-i-rimeOE
legiona1325
fernc1325
multitudec1350
hundred1362
abundancec1384
quantityc1390
sight1390
felec1394
manyheada1400
lastc1405
sortc1475
infinityc1480
multiplie1488
numbers1488
power1489
many1525
flock1535
heapa1547
multitudine1547
sort1548
myriads1555
myriads1559
infinite1563
tot-quot1565
dickera1586
multiplea1595
troop1596
multitudes1598
myriad1611
sea-sands1656
plurality1657
a vast many1695
dozen1734
a good few1756
nation1762
vast1793
a wheen (of)1814
swad1828
lot1833
tribe1833
slew1839
such a many1841
right smart1842
a million and one1856
horde1860
a good several1865
sheaf1865
a (bad, good, etc.) sortc1869
immense1872
dunnamuch1875
telephone number1880
umpty1905
dunnamany1906
skit1913
umpteen1919
zillion1922
gang1928
scrillion1935
jillion1942
900 number1977
gazillion1978
fuckload1984
a1595 Descr. Isles Scotl. in W. Skene Celtic Scotl. (1880) III. App. iii. 437 In all the small burnis of this Ile are multipill of salmond and other fisches.
2.
a. Mathematics. A quantity which contains another quantity some number of times without remainder; a quantity which is the product of a given quantity and some other, esp. one which results from multiplying the given quantity by an integer. Thus 4 is a multiple of 2; 6 is a multiple of 2 and 3; 7 is a multiple of 3½; 12 is the lowest common multiple of 2, 3, and 4. common multiple: see common adj. and adv. Compounds 2. lowest (also least) common multiple n. the smallest quantity that has two or more given quantities (and no others) as its factors; abbreviated L.C.M.
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the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > [noun] > division > divisor or dividend > without remainder
partc1300
quotea1464
divisor1557
aliquot part1570
greatest common measure1570
measure1570
multiplex1570
aliquot1610
multiple1685
submultiple1702
least common multiple1714
bipartient1819
least squares1847
1685 R. Williams tr. C. F. Milliet de Chales Elem. Euclid v. 209 If the multiple of the first exceed that of the second, the multiple of the third will also exceed that of the fourth.
1705 E. Scarburgh Eng. Euclide 181 (note) If the Antecedent be not..a Multiple of the Consequent.
1790 T. Jefferson Let. 13 July in Writings (1984) 398 Declaring that there should be one money of account throughout the United States, and that its parts and multiples should be in a decimal ratio.
1818 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages II. viii. 145 The preference given to twelve, or some multiple of it, in fixing the number..of judges.
1823 J. Mitchell Dict. Math. & Physical Sci. (at cited word) To find the least common Multiple of several Numbers.
1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. vii. 81 Their breadth either twelve, twenty-four, thirty-six, or some other multiple of twelve paces.
1881 Nature 1 Sept. 409/2 Nearly all atomic weights are simple multiples of the atomic weight of hydrogen.
1938 A. E. Clayton Performance & Design Direct Current Machines (ed. 2) iii. 78 If the number of slots is a multiple of the number of pairs of poles.
1974 M. Clifford Encycl. Home Wiring & Electr. i. 11 Another multiple of the watt is the megawatt or million watts.
1988 Which? Jan. 17/1 For withdrawals, you must give three months' notice and you can withdraw only multiples of £1,000.
b. figurative.
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1858 J. Martineau Stud. Christianity 171 According as we..take each man as an integer, of which the race is a multiple [etc.].
1869 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. European Morals (1877) I. 89 No multiple of the pleasure of eating pastry can be an equivalent to the pleasure derived from a generous action.
1958 in M. E. Solt Concrete Poetry (1970) 72 Concrete Poetry aims at the least common multiple of language.
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the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > idealism > [noun] > Kantianism > elements of
conception1701
schematism1794
categorical imperative1796
intuition1796
matter1796
receptivity1796
schema1796
dialectic1797
multifarious1798
reciprocity1799
form1803
synthesis1817
Anschauung1820
manifold?1822
category1829
modality1836
multiplex1836
predicable1838
multiple1839
multiplicity1839
presentmenta1842
elanguescence1855
1839 Penny Cycl. XIII. 176/1 The understanding, which subsumes the given multiple into unity.
4.
a. Telephony. A section of a multiple switchboard containing one jack for each subscriber. Now rare.
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society > communication > telecommunication > telegraphy or telephony > telephony > telephone equipment > [noun] > exchange > exchange equipment
private line1852
bank1884
call-disc1884
howler1886
trunk1889
multiple switchboard1891
rack1893
line switch1898
heat coil1900
relay rack1902
multiple1905
listening key1906
telharmonium1906
wiper1906
preselector1912
line finder1922
rank1924
routiner1928
keysender1929
uniselector1930
wiper arm1933
1905 A. C. Booth in M. Maclean Mod. Electr. Pract. VI. iii. ii. 110 The line shown..is already engaged by the insertion of a plug on the first multiple.
1948 J. Atkinson Herbert & Procter's Teleph. (new ed.) I. x. 195/1 In general, a multiple is designed so that the best compromise between vertical and horizontal reach is obtained when the switchboard is equipped with the ultimate number of lines.
b. in multiple: (a) in parallel; (Telephony) with several calling jacks connected between the same pairs of wires, so that the same connection can be made at different points (now rare); (b) Railways coupled together.
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1943 A. L. Albert Fund. Teleph. viii. 174 The calling jacks of each section must be connected in parallel or multiple with the calling jacks of every other section.
1945 J. P. Eckert et al. Descr. ENIAC (PB 86242) (Moore School of Electr. Engin., Univ. Pennsylvania) 2 A great deal of the equipment in non-electronic machines is ‘in multiple’, that is, concurrent operation of many parts is used to increase computing speed.
1969 S. F. Smith Telephony & Telegr. A iv. 98 The bush of the jack will be connected to the exchange battery via the plug inserted in one of the other jacks with which it is connected in multiple.
1978 Brit. Rail Motive Power 8 Main-line diesel locomotives of most classes are equipped to operate in multiple with locomotives having similar control systems.
1992 Mod. Railways Mar. 142/2 It will run IC and EC expresses at up to 230km/hr (143mph) and in multiple with two others will also work 2,000-tonne freight trains.
5. A retailer or other company with multiple outlets or branches; a chain store. Cf. sense B. 6.
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society > trade and finance > trading place > place where retail transactions made > [noun] > shop > series of shops with one owner > one of
chain store1910
multiple1951
1951 E. Partridge Dict. Slang (ed. 4) 1115/1 Multiples, company shops, chain stores: commercial coll.: since ca. 1920; by 1946, S[tandard].E[nglish].
1957 Economist 5 Oct. 60/1 The multiples have also been ahead in adjusting their range of shoe styles.
1972 House & Garden Feb. 100/4 Some of the small merchants..do a good business with Cape growths. The large multiples..are missing the opportunity.
1989 Marketing Week 17 Mar. 12/4 Traditionally, multiples buy bulk seat allocations from air-lines..and then sell some of them on to small companies.
2017 Current Archaeol. June 39/3 The retail landscape began to change as the grocer..began to be replaced by ‘multiples’, as they were known in the Edwardian period.
6. A work of art produced in multiple copies by industrial mass-production.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > work of art > [noun] > types of
chimney-piecea1616
master1694
study1722
studio1785
old master1824
homage1901
art mobilier1921
multimedia1962
multiple1968
installation1969
corporate art1971
1968 Times 26 Mar. 7 The artist who becomes interested in multiples takes the first step towards involving himself with the demands of technology.
1973 J. A. Walker Gloss. Art, Archit. & Design since 1945 141 The idea of Multiples was first suggested by Agam and Jean Tinguely. They put their idea to the Parisian gallery dealer Denise René in 1955 but none were produced until 1962.
1992 Crafts Mar. 19/1 This was the period when multiples were being produced, when art was ordered by telephone.
7. Stock Market. A stock price expressed as a multiple of current or projected earnings per share. Cf. price–earnings ratio n. at price n. Compounds 2.
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society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > [noun] > prices of stocks and shares
middle1928
price–earnings ratio1929
curb-price1930
striking price1961
banding1982
multiple1983
1983 Times 15 July 18/4 A spokesman..said: ‘We are unwilling to pay high multiples unless we see high visibility for earnings.’
1993 Money Apr. 56/1 Their managers avoid shares trading at price/earnings multiples far above the companies' annual growth rate, since such issues tend to be pounded if their growth falters even for a quarter.
1999 Odds On Feb. 39/1 Dull old industrials..are trading on average earnings multiples of about 40.
B. adj.† 3. Philosophy. In Kantian philosophy: of, designating, or relating to the particulars furnished by the senses before they have been unified by the synthesis of the understanding. Cf. manifold n.1 3a. Obsolete. rare.
1.
a.
(a) Consisting of or characterized by many parts, elements, etc.; having several or many causes, results, aspects, locations, etc.; manifold.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > variety > [adjective]
sunderlyeOE
manifoldeOE
selcoutha1000
felefoldc1000
mislichOE
alkinOE
manykinOE
fele-kync1175
serekina1300
sundera1325
sundrya1325
serea1340
divers1340
varyingc1340
variantc1380
muchfoldc1384
serelepesa1400
serelepya1400
multifaryc1460
sundryfoldc1460
multiplicate?a1475
variable?a1475
sundrilyc1480
diversea1542
particoloured1591
multifarious1593
Protean1594
daedal1596
choiceful1605
Daedalian1605
multiplex1606
variated1608
diversified1611
multiplicious1617
variousa1634
multivarious1636
mosaic1644
multiple1647
omnigenous1650
chequered1656
plurifarious1656
ununiform1660
variate1677
disuniform1687
Proteusian1689
unsteady1690
unequable1693
inequable1721
variegating1727
varied1733
multitudinous1744
multifold1806
polygeneous1818
unequalized1822
ruleless1836
varicoloured185.
non-uniform1856
omnigener1857
polytypic1858
multiferous1860
variatious1871
variegated1872
polytypical1890
1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 25 That Kings should bow down their necks under the double or rather multiple yoke of Pope and Archbishops.
1859 C. Darwin in Life & Lett. (1887) II. 230 You overrate the importance of the multiple origin of dogs.
1876 E. R. Lankester tr. E. Haeckel Hist. Creation II. 45 The multiple, or polyphyletic, hypothesis of descent.
1906 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 16 June 1893/2 Hoffmann defines myelomatosis as the multiple development of malignant tumors in the bone marrow.
1950 W. F. Berg Exposure 339 A special kind of flash lamp is the speed flash, also known as multiple or electronic flash.
1984 I. Banks Wasp Factory 33 Lying gasping in the grass with a multiple fracture of the femur.
1990 Woodworker Summer 38/1 A multiple dovetail joint is merely a series of single dovetails extending along the entire length of the end of the board.
(b) With plural noun: many, plural.
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1662 W. Petty Treat. Taxes x. §13 Why should not the solvent thieves and cheats be rather punished with multiple restitutions than death, pillory, whipping, &c.?
1742 R. North & M. North Life F. North 200 It introduced two Reports instead of one, and multuple Attendances.
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. vii. 17/1 Doublets of fustian, under which lie multiple ruffs of cloth.
1879 W. Thomson & P. G. Tait Treat. Nat. Philos. (new ed.) I: Pt. i. §327 This problem is essentially determinate, but generally has multiple solutions.
1915 R. Pearl Modes Res. Genetics i. 21 It has been a common practice to assume the existence of multiple factors as the causal agents of a single character.
1949 Sun (Baltimore) 15 Feb. 13/2 There is still a considerable fraction of the traveling public that makes multiple bookings.
1980 Times 8 Feb. 4/7 He is a quadriplegic after having sustained multiple injuries in a fall.
2000 Business Recorder (Karachi) 10 Apr. 2/3 The combination of these multiple taxes have given rise to several anomalies.
b. Medicine, Zoology, and Botany. Made up of a number of similar units; compound, composite.
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the world > life > biology > organism > [adjective] > compound or composite (of organism or organ)
compound1668
multiple1676
composite1753
1676 Sir T. Browne Let. 14 June in Wks. (1964) IV. 61 You may observe..the flattish heart, the Lungs,..the penis, the multiple stomack &c.
1752 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. III. 20 The Monoculus, with multiple and capillaceous antennæ.
1831 W. Macgillivray tr. A. Richard Elem. Bot. 109 The bulb is sometimes simple... Or it is multiple, when several small bulbs are found collected under the same envelope.
1848 Quain's Elements Anat. (ed. 5) II. 972 The fangs of all the molar teeth are multiple.
1900 H. L. Keeler Our Native Trees 514 Sorosis, is a multiple fruit of which the mulberry is an example.
1960 K. Esau Anat. Seed Plants vii. 63 The velamen of roots..is also a multiple epidermis.
c. Designating an appliance or operation in which there are several parts of the same kind or in which the same action is repeated several times.
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1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1496/2 Multiple bolt, an arrangement by which a number of bolts are simultaneously moved.
1879 Engineering 27 506 Multiple wood-boring machine.
1891 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Multiple staining, dyeing tissues for microscopical examination with more than one staining agent.
1932 Discovery Jan. 12 With a modern tractor and multiple plough the farmer can turn over the soil at the rate of almost an acre an hour.
1991 E. H. J. Pallett Aircraft Electr. Syst. (ed. 3) p.vii/1 Sources of electrical power have varied from the simple battery..through to the most complex multiple a.c. generating systems.
2.
a. Mathematics. That is a multiple (sense A. 2a); †that is a multiple of something (obsolete). Now rare except in sense A. 2b. multiple proportion n. the proportion or ratio existing between some multiple, or several multiples, of a quantity and the quantity itself. multiple ratio n. = multiple proportion n.
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the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > [adjective] > multiple
manifoldc1175
multiplex to (also of)a1398
multiplexa1450
multiple1704
the world > relative properties > number > ratio or proportion > [noun] > multiples
multiple proportion1704
multiple ratio1728
1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Multiple Proportion, is when the Antecedent being divided by the Consequent, the Quotient is more than Unity.
1705 E. Scarburgh Eng. Euclide 180 (note) 12 compared to 4 is Multiple Proportion, and named triple: And 4 to 12 is Submultiple Proportion, and named Subtriple.
1714 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements (rev. ed.) vii. Def. 20 Numbers are proportionall, when the first is as multiple of the second, as the third is of the fourth.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Multiple Ratio, or Proportion, is that which is between such [multiple] Numbers.
1795 C. Hutton Math. & Philos. Dict. (at cited word) Duple, triple, &c. ratios; as also subduples, subtriples, &c., are so many species of Multiple and Submultiple ratios.
1867 C. L. Bloxam Chemistry 135 The oxides of nitrogen, as illustrating combination in multiple proportions by weight and volume.
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 564/2 (margin) Formulæ for multiple and sub-multiple angles.
1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. x. 108 Other examples of multiple proportions amongst gases were quoted by Gay-Lussac in 1809 when he put forward his ‘Law of Volumes’.
b. Chemistry law of multiple proportions n. the tendency of chemical elements to combine in integral proportions (2:1, 3:2, etc.).Though the law was propounded by Dalton in a paper read in 1802 (published in 1805: see quot. 1805), the phrase was not used by him.
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1805 J. Dalton in Mem. Literary & Philos. Soc. Manch. 2nd Ser. 1 250 The elements of oxygen may combine with a certain portion of nitrous gas, or with twice that portion, but with no intermediate quantity.
1813 T. Thomson in Ann. Philos. 2 32 (heading) On the Daltonian theory of definite proportions in chemical combinations.
1823 W. Henry Elements Exper. Chem. (ed. 9) I. ii. 45 If several compounds can be obtained from the same elements, they combine, he [sc. Dalton] supposes, in proportions expressed by some simple multiple of the number of atoms.
1837 W. Whewell Hist. Inductive Sci. III. xiv. viii. 147 Dalton's ideas concerning multiple proportions.]
1855 W. A. Miller Elements Chem. I. i. 13 The second law of combination is usually termed the law of Multiple Proportions.
1876 Encycl. Brit. V. 468/1 Thus 1 part by weight of hydrogen unites with 8 parts by weight of oxygen, forming water, and with 16 or 8 × 2 parts of oxygen, forming peroxide of hydrogen... This law is known as the law of combination in multiple proportions.
1940 G. H. J. Adlam & L. S. Price Higher School Certificate Inorg. Chem. (ed. 2) i. 4 He [sc. Berthollet] also noted that the proportions were either 100 : 60 or 100 : 90 and thus came very near the discovery of the law of multiple proportions.
1983 J. S. Clarke Chem. (ed. 2) iv. 35 The third Law of Stoichiometry, the Law of Multiple Proportions, was deduced by Dalton (1803) before he published his atomic theory in full.
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the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > idealism > [adjective] > of or relating to Kantianism and its adherents
dialectical1788
Kantian1796
synthetical1796
synthetic1819
multiplex1838
multiple1839
tri-logicala1856
pre-Kantian1866
dialectic1872
subreptive1877
criticist1878
category1901
1839 Penny Cycl. XIII. 176/1 The multiple matter presented by experience.
1839 Penny Cycl. XIII. 176/2 The matter of mathematics is the multiple object of space and time.
4. Medicine. Involving or arising at many sites.Cf. multiple myeloma n., multiple sclerosis n.
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1851 J. Paget Lect. Tumours vii. 78 Multiple ossifications of tendons, muscles, and other tissues.
1877 tr. H. W. von Ziemssen et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. XII. 708 Abscess of the brain is either single or multiple.
1887 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 26 Mar. 681/1 Multiple peripheral (alcoholic) neuritis in women.
1958 Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 98 848/1 A virus..was shown to induce multiple tumors in mice..and hamsters.
1994 W. Maples & M. Browning Dead Men do tell Tales viii. 113 Dr. Frederick Treves, who discovered the Elephant Man..diagnosed Meyrick as suffering from multiple neurofibromatosis.
5. Statistics. Involving the joint effect on the variable under investigation of two or more other variables.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > probability or statistics > [adjective] > relating to variables
multiple1898
bivariate1920
multivariate1920
univariate1928
orthogonal1933
stationary1938
Markovian1949
correlational1952
1898 K. Pearson & A. Lee in Philos. Trans. 1897 (Royal Soc.) A. 190 456 We should think it desirable to apply the principles of multiple correlation, and endeavour by a suitable selection of stations to decrease the probable deviation of the array at the given station which corresponds to observed heights at the selected stations.
1958 J. M. Argyle Relig. Behaviour iii. 18 An alternative procedure for estimating the relative weight of different variables influencing percentages is multiple regression.
1972 T. H. Wonnacott & R. J. Wonnacott Introd. Statistics for Business & Econ. xiv. 350 Whereas the partial correlations measure the significance of regressors one by one, the multiple correlation R measures the significance of all the regressors at once.
1989 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 10 June 1564/1 To analyse which of the demographic variables were associated with knowledge about HIV a stepwise multiple regression was used.
6. Of, designating, or relating to a retail company which owns a series of shops selling the same goods; designating a shop forming part of such a series. Cf. chain store n. at chain n. Compounds 3.
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society > trade and finance > trading place > place where retail transactions made > [adjective] > relating to shop > types of shop
high streetc1600
co-op1872
multiple1903
fixed price1907
serve-self1909
serve-yourself1909
quick-service1910
self-serve1910
self-service1912
drive-through1918
Army and Navy1919
drive-in1930
one-stop1933
Army-Navy1934
full-service1934
mom-and-pop1942
walkround1950
ma-and-pa1965
pop-up1993
1903 J. Hazelip Multiple-shop Accts. 1 There is considerable difference in the class of business carried on by multiple-shop firms.
1929 E. Gill Art-nonsense 315 Politics and social guidance are left to..novelists, multiple-store keepers, manufacturers of motor-cars.
1958 Listener 23 Oct. 649/2 Their shop was in the Market Street..a multiple grocer's on one side and a wallpaper shop on the other.
1975 Daily Tel. 18 Oct. 3/3 Woolworth's has shaken tradition in the multiple retail trade by appointing a woman to its board of directors.
1997 Baker's Rev. Sept. 16/1 (advt.) Dawn..provide[s] the independent or multiple baker with a ‘One Stop Shop’ facility that can meet virtually any requirement.
Compounds
C1. With adjectives, forming adjectives; cf. many adj., pron., n., and adv. Compounds 1a, multi- comb. form 1, multiply adv.
a.
multiple-engined adj.
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1919 Aeroplane 5 Feb. 555/2 Joy-riders will not be taken aloft one at a time but in half-dozens and dozens, in big flying boats..and multiple-engined land machines.
1943 Jrnl. Negro Educ. 12 362/1 They were given no training in piloting multiple-engined planes.
multiple-valued adj.
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1882 G. M. Minchin Uniplanar Kinematics 197 Hence we do not get a multiple-valued potential at Q.
1968 C. G. Kuper Introd. Theory Superconductivity x. 170 ε(k) is thus a multiple-valued function of k.
1997 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 453 1666 .θ0 does not become infinite as it does at a nose, but instead becomes multiple valued.
b.
multiple-annular adj. rare composed of many rings.
ΚΠ
1902 Scotsman 3 Jan. 7/6 A wonderfully complex, spiral, or multiple-annular, nebula.
multiple-resistant adj. Medicine = multiresistant adj. at multi- comb. form 1a; cf. earlier multiple resistance n. at Compounds 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > immunogenesis > [adjective] > immune response > multiple-resistant
multiple-resistant1960
1960 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 2 Jan. 17/1 23 of the fatal infections were due to multiple-resistant strains.
1995 Epidemiol. & Infection 115 61 After limiting the use of aztreonam the incidence of new patient isolates of multiple-resistant organisms was greatly reduced.
C2. With nouns forming adjectives (cf. many adj., pron., n., and adv. Compounds 1c, multi- comb. form 2).
a.
multiple-beam adj.
ΚΠ
1945 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 184 41 A multiple beam interferometric procedure..can be used as a powerful method for revealing the details of the surface topography of approximately flat crystal planes.
1966 D. G. Brandon Mod. Techniques Metallogr. i. 25 This may be done most simply by placing a half-silvered plate in contact with the specimen, when either two-beam or multiple-beam interference patterns may be obtained.
1995 Oxf. Univ. Gaz. 15 June 1282/1 Multiple beam interference and the Fabry–Perot etalon.
multiple-contact adj.
ΚΠ
1872 Philos. Trans. 1871 (Royal Soc.) 161 674 The inverse curve will be the intersection of two surfaces of the degrees N and 2 respectively, having a multiple contact equivalent to N(N−1)/ 2 points of ordinary contact.
1912 L. Weaver House & its Equipm. 124 The multiple contact switch, which consists of a little board..on which are arranged a number of push buttons.
1976 Jrnl. Clin. Microbiol. 3 406 Multiple-contact studies with a 3% hexachlorophene preparations were used to illustrate cumulative and persistent skin-degerming effects.
multiple-tender adj.
ΚΠ
1878 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 731/2 When the state fixes the ratio between these metals a new system has come into existence, which has been called the multiple tender system.
1993 Rev. Financial Stud. 6 854 The free-riding problem is shown to be considerably intensified when a raider can make multiple tender offers.
b.
multiple-access adj. Computing = multi-access adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > [adjective] > with multiple users
multi-access1964
multi-user1964
multiple-access1966
open access1967
1966 New Scientist 27 Oct. 160/3 This valuable experience..has..enabled us to take in our stride the ‘multiple-access’ problem of how to serve a large number of control consoles apparently simultaneously.
1970 O. Dopping Computers & Data Processing ix. 130 A control program for a multiple access system must be able to identify a subscriber who requires service, find out which program he needs, and put him in the queue, if any.
1992 RS Components: Electronic & Electr. Products July 311/1 Two 8 port Multiple Access Units fully compatible with the IEEE 802.5 standard.
multiple-aspect adj. Railways designating a colour-light railway signal capable of displaying at least three aspects.
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society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [adjective] > types of signalling
block signalling1864
multiple-aspect1932
1932 Proc. Inst. Railway Signal Engin. i. 57 (heading) Railway colour light signalling in relation to manual block and multiple aspect signals.
1963 G. M. Kichenside & A. R. Williams Brit. Railway Signalling iii. 25 In colour-light areas..every multiple-aspect signal serves as a distant, home and starting signal at the same time.
1991 Mod. Railways Apr. 182/2 The whole area is signalled with multiple-aspect signalling.
multiple-colour adj. rare = multicolour adj.
ΚΠ
1899 Daily News 16 Feb. 5/1 His scheme of multiple-colour illumination.
1995 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 4351/1 (note) ET primers can also be used to perform PCR amplification of short tandem repeat alleles followed by multiple-color sizing.
multiple-cylinder adj. = multi-cylinder adj.
ΚΠ
1888 J. F. Wilson & D. Grey Pract. Treat. Mod. Printing Machines x. 201 The large multiple-cylinder machine erected by Colonel Hoe in 1848 for the Parisian daily paper La Patrie.
1896 N. Amer. Rev. Jan. 55 One or more cylinders of a multiple cylinder engine is disconnected or thrown out of gear..to ensure a more economical working of the remainder.
1922 Amer. Econ. Rev. 12 163 This is the age of the multiple-cylinder engine, of conservation, and of the efficiency expert.
multiple-disc adj. (a) designating a kind of friction clutch consisting of a row of coaxial discs, fixed alternately to the driving and the driven parts, which may be brought in contact to transmit the drive from the one to the other; cf. multi-disc adj. at multi- comb. form 3b; (b) designating a disc brake with several pairs of discs.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > parts which provide power > [adjective] > type of clutch
multiple-disc1906
1906 Daily Chron. 14 Nov. 9/3 The enormously increased popularity of the multiple disc or ‘plate’ clutches.
1928 Flight 20 Dec. 1325/2 The multiple disc brake offers unlimited possibilities for having large braking surfaces.
1967 Jane's Surface Skimmer Syst. 1967–8 124/1 Flange-mounted converter automatically changing over from multiple-disc clutch..to converter, operation, then again operation through multiple-disc clutch when moving on foils.
1980 R. D. Bent & J. L. McKinley Aircraft Maintenance & Repair (ed. 4) xi. 346/2 The multiple-disk brake is constructed somewhat like a disk clutch.
multiple-drug adj. Medicine = multidrug adj.
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1962 Jrnl. Bacteriol. 84 902/2 At the Meeting of Microbial Genetics at Mishima, Japan, it was agreed by investigators in this field to use the term ‘R’ for the multiple drug-resistance factor.]
1964 Amer. Rev. Respiratory Dis. 90 598/1 There were four procedures used in establishing which drug of a multiple-drug program was responsible for producing a reaction in the patient.
1985 Chemotherapy 31 372 Five multiple-drug-resistant (MDR) Corynebacterium isolates..were sensitive to rifampin.
1995 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 6 Apr. 26/3 The risk of producing multiple-drug resistant tuberculosis after incomplete antibiotic therapy can be largely eliminated.
multiple-launch adj. Military (originally U.S.) designating a long-range rocket launcher capable of firing salvos of up to 12 rockets, each containing several hundred bomblets.
ΚΠ
1970 Army Nov. 29/1 (heading) The case for a multiple rocket launcher system.]
1978 Washington Post 25 Apr. a13/5 The multiple launch rocket system..is but one of several alternatives to the neutron warhead, defense officials said. The first generation of the rocket would fall free like an artillery shell. But later versions..could have guidance inside each warhead for pinpoint accuracy.
1991 Independent on Sunday 24 Feb. 2/3 On the Saudi border with Kuwait and Iraq, shelling by British and US multiple-launch rocket systems and howitzers was described as ‘the most intense yet’.
multiple-mirror adj. = multi-mirror adj. at multi- comb. form 3b.
ΚΠ
1950 Science 20 Oct. 467/1 A Statham differential strain gauge manometer, whose output was measured by a Pfaltz & Bauer multiple mirror galvanometer.
1967 E. Chambers Photolitho-Offset vii. 104 Multiple-mirror reversers are made to operate in a straight line and therefore are used..with darkroom type cameras.
1997 Guardian (Nexis) 14 Aug. t24 Rita Hayworth, fatale in multiple mirror reflection in Orson Welles's The Lady from Shanghai (Sky Movies Gold, 6pm).
multiple-phase adj. = multiphase adj.
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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > types of metal generally > [adjective] > other types or qualities of metal
refinable1607
maiden1622
conflatory1650
calcinable1652
noble1666
deft1683
tensile1841
calcigenous1854
multiple-phase1891
slagless1899
air-hardening1901
non-ferrous1909
free-cutting1923
multiphase1946
semi-metallic1974
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > phase > [adjective] > of many phases
multiple-phase1891
polyphase1891
multiphase1892
1891 Times 28 Sept. 13/6 A self-exciting multiple-phase alternator of 80 volts electromotive force.
1971 Jrnl. Pharmacy & Pharmacol. 23 561 (title) A phase-rule study of multiple-phase formation in a model emulsion system containing water, n-octanol, n-dodecane and a non-ionic surface-active agent.
1999 Internat. Jrnl. Pharmaceut. 118 115 The dispersion was then emulsified in silicone oil to form an O/W/O multiple phase emulsion.
C3. With nouns forming nouns (occasionally used attributively or as adjectives).
multiple allele n. Genetics any allele of a genetic locus known to have three or more alleles.
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the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > allele > types of allele
dominant1900
unit character1902
multiple allelomorph1913
lethal1917
marker1930
multiple allele1930
amorph1932
hypomorph1932
neomorph1932
isoallele1943
hypermorph1949
1930 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 16 108 The multiple alleles of white eye color in Drosophila are all eye-colors.
1971 J. Z. Young Introd. Study Man xl. 585 Fourteen different systems of blood antigen genes are known... The most familiar of them are three multiple alleles known as GA, GB, and G, the first two being both dominant to G. These genes are often called simply A, B, and O.
1993 E. N. K. Clarkson Invertebr. Palaeontol. & Evol. (ed. 3) ii. 34/1 These sources of variation—crossing over, recombination, homo- and heterozygosity, multiple alleles, etc.—are all consequences of diploidy.
multiple allelomorph n. Genetics (now rare) = multiple allele n.
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the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > allele > types of allele
dominant1900
unit character1902
multiple allelomorph1913
lethal1917
marker1930
multiple allele1930
amorph1932
hypomorph1932
neomorph1932
isoallele1943
hypermorph1949
1913 Amer. Naturalist 47 234 (heading) The Himalayan rabbit case, with some considerations on multiple allelomorphs.
1948 Nature 30 Oct. 684/1 (heading) Multiple allelomorphs in colour vision.
1984 Systematic Bot. 9 450/2 Multiple allelomorphs at putative polymorphic loci are designated by lower case letters.
multiple birth n. the birth of more than one fetus from a single pregnancy; an instance of this.
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the world > life > source or principle of life > birth > confinement > [noun] > childbirth or delivery > multiple birth
twinning1573
twin-birth1807
multiple birth1826
1826 Edinb. Jrnl. Med. Sci. 2 366 (heading) Memoir upon multiple or twin births.
1841 Lancet 9 Jan. 549/1 (heading) Statistics of multiple births.
1914 C. W. Gay Princ. & Pract. judging Live-stock ii. 22 In the case of multiple births, as in the sow, considerable time may elapse..between the expulsion of each fœtus.
1957 A. C. Clarke Deep Range ii. i. 14 It was the first time he had ever met a whale with twins, although multiple births were not uncommon.
1971 L. M. Hellman & J. A. Pritchard Williams Obstetr. (ed. 14) xxv. 657 Some marriages appear to have an inordinately high frequency of multiple births.
1996 Economist 17 Aug. 23/2 IVF-assisted conception is likelier to mean more than one bundle of joy—multiple births occur almost a third of the time.
multiple bond n. Chemistry a chemical bond in which two atoms share more than one pair of electrons.
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1931 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 131 209 The [magnetic] susceptibility may be calculated if due allowance is made for the constitutive effect of the multiple bonds.
1964 N. G. Clark Mod. Org. Chem. ii. 19 The former [reaction] often involves the addition of two fragments of a reagent to the two valencies made available by the breaking of one of the valency bonds of a multiple-bond linkage.
1995 Physical Rev. A. 52 2088 Multiple bonds tend to stabilize the molecules against fragmentation.
multiple bonding n. Chemistry bonding which involves multiple bonds.
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1963 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 271 239 Multiple bonding of the carbon-containing polymer would deny hydrogen free access to the reacting species so reducing the rate of its cracking.
1991 New Scientist 30 Mar. 25/2 Our own hydrogen deficiency index..gives a measure of the multiple bonding present in a molecule.
multiple chemical sensitivity n. (also multiple chemical sensitivity syndrome) Medicine symptoms or illness attributed to hypersensitivity to a variety of common environmental chemicals.
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1986 Acupuncture & Electrotherapy Res. 11 1 Much of multiple food and chemical sensitivity is due to underlying causes of which Dysbiosis is one.
1987 Occupational Med. 2 655 (heading) The worker with multiple chemical sensitivities: an overview.]
1988 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 10 Sept. 2 m Dr. Robert McLellan..is a specialist at the Center for Environmental Medicine, which studies multiple chemical sensitivity.
1996 Soldier of Fortune Mar. 37/1 There are the various problems encountered by those suffering from Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Syndrome.
2000 Occupational Med. 15 647 Immunologic abnormalities have long been advanced as a potential mechanism for multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS).
multiple echo n. a succession of echoes from the same sound.
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1727–52 E. Chambers Cycl. at Echo A multiple echo may be made, by so placing the echoing bodies, at unequal distances, as that they may reflect all one way.
1863 E. Atkinson tr. A. Ganot Nat. Philos. §193 Multiple echoes are those which repeat the same sound several times; this is the case when two opposite surfaces..successively reflect sound.
1998 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 12647/2 Echolocating bats indeed can discriminate differences of less than 1 mm in..the texture of granular surfaces..from the structure of the multiple echoes they reflect.
multiple exposure n. Photography the exposure of the same frame of a film more than once so as to produce superimposed images; a facility for doing this; a multiple image made in this way.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > action of taking photograph > [noun] > exposing
exposure1839
time exposure1870
multiple exposure1916
1916 Science 19 May 726/1 [Variable stars] were found..by multiple exposures on the same stars throughout the whole night.
1923 F. A. Talbot Moving Pictures xxvii. 382 The perfection of the various devices for accomplishing multiple exposures rendered this manifestation of novelty in photography..easy of ready accomplishment.
1991 Pract. Photogr. Jan. 133/1 Great camera offering..auto bracketing and multiple exposure.
multiple factor n. Genetics (now disused) = polygene n.; usually in plural.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > gene > types of gene
sex determinant1902
sex determiner1909
inhibitor1911
multiple factor1912
modifier1915
autosomal dominant1919
autosomal recessive1919
scute1923
gene1925
suppressor1928
rate gene1932
dominigene1938
buffer1939
polygene1941
switch gene1942
mutator1943
oligogene1943
sickle cell gene1946
supergene1949
ob1950
obese1950
regulator1960
regulator gene1960
regulatory gene1960
enhancer1967
oncogene1969
virogene1969
hedgehog1980
1912 Amer. Naturalist 46 638 Where dominance is absent and such multiple factors are assumed, size characters can be interpreted as coming under the Mendelian law.
1918 E. B. Babcock & R. E. Clausen Genetics in Relation to Agric. x. 190 The multiple factor idea of inheritance.
1945 E. Altenburg Genetics v. 83 Members of several gene pairs which act in a cumulative way on a trait are known as multiple factors.
1962 J. N. Winburne Dict. Agric. & Allied Terminol. 502/2 Multiple factor inheritance, type of inheritance in which a character is determined by many genes with similar effects.
multiple fission n. Cell Biology the division of a cell into more than two daughter cells; spec. = schizogony n. at schizo- comb. form 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > types of reproduction > [noun] > by division
fission1846
scissiparity1857
fissiparation1864
fissuration1867
fissiparism1868
fissiparity1872
cleavage1876
fragmentation1881
schizogony1887
blastogenesis1889
nuclear fission1889
schizogenesis1891
transfission1891
heterokinesis1893
homoeokinesis1893
multiple fission1896
binary fission1897
plasmotomy1902
1896 Philos. Trans. 1895 (Royal Soc.) B. 186 407 In the cases in which the origin of the megalospheric young as been traced.., they have arisen by the multiple fission of the whole of the protoplasm of the parent.
1912 E. A. Minchin Introd. Study Protozoa vii. 120 In most cases, probably, of multiple fission the nucleus contains a centriole, and..the centriole multiplies by fission a number of times without the nucleus as a whole becoming divided.
1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) xi. 278 The malarial organism passes through two cycles of development—one, the asexual cycle, in which multiplication is by simultaneous multiple fission (sporulation), taking place within the body of the human host.
1987 M. S. Laverack & J. Dando Lect. Notes Invertebr. Zool. (ed. 3) ii. 22/2 Multiple fission or schizogony produces a number of daughter cells.
multiple gene n. Genetics (now rare) = polygene n.
ΚΠ
1918 Amer. Naturalist 52 526 The work of Little (1917) with mice where three segregating types of spotting were found to produce varying degrees of color pattern, indicates that multiple genes are involved.
1953 J. S. Huxley Evol. in Action i. 28 In general, many genes influence any single character. Sometimes so-called multiple genes, with similar and supplementary effects, are at work.
multiple image n. a composite image comprising two or more superimposed or adjacent images originally distinct (e.g. resulting from the repeated reflection of light, the reception of television signals that have travelled from the transmitter by different paths, or the simultaneous use of several projectors in a cinema).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > reflection > [noun] > image
shadowc1175
positive image1831
multiple image1863
society > communication > broadcasting > television > visual element > [noun] > television picture or image > defects in
multiple image1863
ghost1927
flicker1933
ion spot1936
halation1937
blooming1940
shading1940
misregistration1942
snow1946
snowstorm1948
ringing1949
streaking1956
strobing1961
flickering1968
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > special effect > [noun] > others
mix1922
iris-in1929
iris-out1929
superimposition1931
wipe1933
hanging miniature1937
matched dissolve1953
match dissolve1959
super1959
multiple image1965
1863 E. Atkinson tr. A. Ganot Nat. Philos. §416 Multiple images formed by glass mirrors.
1916 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 216 47 These [crystal] faces invariably showed multiple images of the signal.
1965 Movie Spring 29/1 Oval masking, ‘freezing’, multiple-image, slow-motion.
1972 L. D. Giannetti Understanding Movies iii. 100 Multiple images, widely seen at Expo 67, will probably be the next modification of editing.
1994 P. Davies Last Three Minutes vi. 76 For bodies with more complicated forms, the lensing will most likely produce multiple images rather than a single focused image.
multiple integral n. Mathematics an integral of two or more independent variables.
ΚΠ
1841 D. F. Gregory Examples of Processes of Differential & Integral Calculus xi. 460 Multiplication of several definite integrals together, so as to obtain a multiple integral.
1946 Nature 12 Oct. 513/1 He has studied problems of deformation of sub-spaces, of ‘imbedding’, of automorphism, and of the variation of multiple integrals.
1972 A. G. Howson Handbk. Terms Algebra & Anal. xxxii. 160 Multiple integrals are usually evaluated by ‘repeated integration’.
1997 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 453 2279 (heading) Borel plane technique for multiple integrals and exact remainder.
multiple listing n. U.S. a system in which real-estate brokers jointly register all available properties on a single list so that any participating broker may, for a commission, sell or rent such properties on behalf of another.
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1926 A. G. Hinman & H. B. Dorau Real Estate Merchandising vii. 95 Every administrator of the policies of a real estate firm will have to make a decision for or against multiple listing.
1986 J. D. Mcdonald Barrier Island (1987) iv. 57 I ought to get my own compatible, like Bruce has. Then I could tap into the multiple listings and get a fresh list every time.
1994 Winnipeg Homes Fall 44/2 Realtors can do a lot of the legwork in your home search and, through the multiple listing service, can try to match up your needs and budget with what's available.
multiple mark n. Printing rare the multiplication sign.
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1888 C. T. Jacobi Printers' Vocab. 85 Multiple mark.—A sign in arithmetic, thus ×.
multiple neuritis n. [after German multiple Neuritis (E. Leyden 1880, in Zeitschr. f. Klin. Med. 1 405] Medicine (now historical) = polyneuritis n.
ΚΠ
1886 W. R. Gowers Man. Dis. Nerv. Syst. I. ii. 91 The term ‘multiple neuritis’, or ‘polyneuritis’, is applied to the condition in which many nerves are inflamed simultaneously or in rapid succession.
1908 Encycl. Relig. & Ethics I. 301/1 Most characteristic [of chronic alcoholism] is multiple neuritis, an inflammation of the nerves beginning in the feet and hands, and advancing upwards if the cause persists, till a fatal result occurs.
1938 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 4 June 1913/2 It is suggested that the term multiple neuropathy, polyneuropathy or peripheral neuropathy be substituted for multiple neuritis in those cases in which both the cause and the pathologic changes point to a degenerative process.
1967 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 113 1027/2 The..grandfather..died..from an acute illness which produced paralysis of both lower limbs and was called ‘multiple neuritis’.
multiple occupancy n. and adj. (a) n. = multiple occupation n.; (b) adj. designating a dwelling occupied in this way; (also) designating anything which may be occupied by more than one person at a time.
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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting a type of place > [noun] > a house > type of occupation
multiple occupancy1933
multiple occupation1935
open occupancy1945
under-occupation1961
multi-occupation1963
1933 Q. Jrnl. Econ. 48 141 In the central portions of larger urban communities individual ownership of a separate dwelling inevitably gives way to some form of multiple occupancy.
1973 Times 26 July 4/6 Probably 100 to 120 families are breaking the regulations applicable to multiple occupancy houses.
1988 D. Lodge Nice Work (BNC) The protocol of chain-pulling in multiple-occupancy urinals has not been thought through by the Works and Buildings Department.
multiple occupation n. occupation of a dwelling by more than one family or by several unrelated people, with shared facilities; an instance of this.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting a type of place > [noun] > a house > type of occupation
multiple occupancy1933
multiple occupation1935
open occupancy1945
under-occupation1961
multi-occupation1963
1935 Census Eng. & Wales 1931: Housing ix. p. xxxviii (heading) ‘Multiple Occupations’ and ‘Sharing Families’.
1935 Census Eng. & Wales 1931: Housing ix. p. xi The frequency of the ‘multiple occupation’ tends to rise..with an increase in the size of the dwelling.
1971 Guardian 11 June 12/3 There is a certain amount of substandard accommodation largely created through multiple occupation.
1991 W. Hampton Local Govt. & Urban Polit. (BNC) 105 The collective community charge applies to some houses in multiple occupation, some lodging houses and some hostels.
multiple orgasm n. a series of successive orgasms experienced (esp. by a woman) during sexual intercourse or activity; (in extended use) any state of extreme excitement.
ΚΠ
1929 G. V. Hamilton Res. in Marriage xix. 477 The women were either incapable of the orgasm or had only the incomplete multiple orgasms to which allusion has already been made.
1948 A. C. Kinsey et al. Sexual Behavior Human Male 215 The experience of multiple orgasm in the pre-adolescent male has been discussed.
1968 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 114 721/1 The ability to experience multiple orgasms in a short space of time correlates with a high sex drive.
1988 J. McInerney Story of my Life xi. 164 She's kind of ticked that I'm not having multiple orgasms about her social coup.
1992 Playboy Oct. 43/1 The small proportion of women capable of multiple orgasm have one series of orgasmic muscle contractions, and then with continued stimulation, a short time later they can experience another series.
multiple point n. Mathematics a point at which a curve crosses or touches itself at least once.
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1836 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 126 92 If these three equations be simultaneously fulfilled by the same values of θ1 and θn, the points indicated by those values will be multiple points.
1901 A. B. Basset Elem. Treat. Cubic & Quartic Curves Pref. p. vii I have..introduced the words autotomic and anautotomic to designate curves which respectively do and do not possess multiple points.
1959 G. James & R. C. James Math. Dict. (ed. 2) 296/1 Cusps, crunodes, isolated points, and multiple points are singular points.
1996 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 354 1922 The numbers of distinct surfaces and the contact orders of a single surface at multiple points are additive.
multiple pregnancy n. Medicine a pregnancy in which more than one fetus develops.
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1850 R. P. Thomas tr. P. Cazeaux Theoret. & Pract. Treat. Midwifery 139 The term compound or multiple pregnancy has been applied to that in which two or more fœtuses are enclosed in the uterine cavity.
1964 Obstetr. & Gynecol. 24 819 (heading) Size and number of umbilical vessels, a study of multiple pregnancy in man and the armadillo.
1995 Independent 31 Jan. 23/1 With multiple pregnancies, there is a great risk of miscarriage and of severe prematurity.
multiple resistance n. Medicine resistance of a microorganism to more than one antibiotic; cf. multiple-resistant adj. at Compounds 1b.
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the world > life > biology > biological processes > immunogenesis > [noun] > multiple resistance
multiple resistance1952
1952 S. K. R. Clarke et al. in Lancet 7 June 1132/1 Besides these organisms, called here ‘completely resistant’, there have appeared staphylococci with what may be called ‘multiple resistance’—i.e. resistant to several of these drugs.
1960 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 2 Jan. 11/2 It cannot be assumed..that multiple resistance and enhanced virulence are necessarily associated.
1986 Jrnl. Royal Coll. Physicians 20 104/1 The last decade has revealed new problems of infection; Legionnaire's disease..; new viruses..; multiple resistance of bacteria to commonly used antibiotics.
multiple rocket launcher n. Military (originally U.S.) a rocket launcher capable of firing salvoes of rockets; abbreviated MRL.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] > rocket-launcher
trombe1562
rocket tube1826
rocket projector1936
rocket launcher1942
nebelwerfer1943
screaming meemie1944
multiple rocket launcher1945
Katyusha1955
MRL1970
1945 Iron Age 3 May 104/1 The first multiple rocket launcher mounted on tanks was fired at the Aberdeen Proving Grounds Oct. 27 1943.
1968 E. Vilim tr. I. A. Slukhai Russian Rocketry 39 By the middle of 1938..work began on a ground-based multiple-rocket launcher intended for 24 missiles.
1992 H. N. Schwarzkopf It doesn't take Hero xvi. 300 His arsenal included some of the best weapons the international arms bazaar had to offer: Soviet T-72 tanks, South African 155-mm heavy artillery, Chinese and Soviet multiple rocket launchers.
multiple salt n. Chemistry a salt which in the crystalline state contains more than two cations, or more than two anions.
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1797 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 628/2 M. Magellan thinks, that the aphronitrum is not only a triple but a multiple salt.
1865 C. B. Mansfield Theory of Salts 55 A double salt will be indicated by a single cross,..the cross being repeated for multiple salts of higher degree.
multiple scattering n. Physics the scattering of a particle or wave more than once in successive scattering events.
ΚΠ
1920 Proc. Royal Soc. 1919–20 A. 96 407 The effect of multiple scattering will be to diffuse the radiation and partially destroy the asymmetry produced by a single scattering.
1938 R. W. Lawson tr. G. von Hevesy & F. A. Paneth Man. Radioactivity (ed. 2) ii. 32 The relative magnitude of multiple scattering as compared with single scattering depends on the thickness of the scattering sheet.
1981 A. D. Pierce Acoustics ix. 441 We neglect multiple scattering, whereby the propagation direction changes more than once in the sound wave's progress from transmitter to receiver.
1997 Appl. Optics 36 7571 Both polarization components show multiple-scattering contributions, but only the parallel component contains single scattering.
multiple shift n. a double or treble shift of work; frequently attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > work > times or periods of work > [noun] > spell of work or duty > other types of shift
day shift1842
dayside1899
graveyard shift1907
multiple shift1921
twilight shift1970
late1975
1921 H. M. Vernon Industr. Fatigue & Efficiency v. 86 Lord Leverhulme lays special stress on the principle of multiple shifts, which would enable the machinery to be run for a greater number of hours per week.
1946 M. Dobb Wages (rev. ed.) iii. 62 Where it is practicable to introduce a multiple-shift system—two or three working-shifts a day instead of one—the same economy could be obtained together with the employment of additional workers.
1964 T. W. McRae Impact Computers on Accounting vii. 208 Costs arising out of multiple-shift working.
multiple star n. Astronomy (originally) a group of stars apparently forming one system; (now) spec. a group of three or more stars orbiting around a common centre of gravity.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > constellation > multiple star > [noun]
multiple star1786
trapezium1851
Castor1868
1782 W. Herschel in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 72 112 The following catalogue contains not only double-stars, but also those that are treble, double-double, quadruple, double-treble, and multiple.]
1786 W. Herschel in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 76 466 The clusters of stars are sorted by their apparent compression, in the manner of my former catalogues of double, treble, and multiple stars.
1848 Southern Literary Messenger Jan. 8/1 The plan..contemplates measures of distance and angle of position upon all double and multiple stars.
1919 J. H. Jeans Probl. Cosmogony & Stellar Dynamics xi. 246 (heading) The evolution of binary and multiple stars: the process of fission.
1991 C. A. Ronan Nat. Hist. Universe 80/2 Single stars like our Sun account for only about half the stars we see: the other half are binary or multiple stars.
multiple switchboard n. Telephony (now historical) a manual switchboard in which each subscriber's circuit is repeated so as to make it accessible to each operator.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > telecommunication > telegraphy or telephony > telephony > telephone equipment > [noun] > exchange > exchange equipment
private line1852
bank1884
call-disc1884
howler1886
trunk1889
multiple switchboard1891
rack1893
line switch1898
heat coil1900
relay rack1902
multiple1905
listening key1906
telharmonium1906
wiper1906
preselector1912
line finder1922
rank1924
routiner1928
keysender1929
uniselector1930
wiper arm1933
1891 J. Poole Pract. Telephone Handbk. viii. 148 (heading) Multiple switch-boards.
1969 S. F. Smith Teleph. & Telegr. A iv. 98 The need for a series type of multiple connexion which these jacks require on a multiple switchboard has certain disadvantages.
1994 Amer. Hist. Rev. 99 1082 Multiple switchboards were the crucial hardware of this techno-labor system.
multiple tangent n. Mathematics a line or plane that touches a curve or surface tangentially at two or more points.
ΚΠ
1852 G. Salmon Treat. Higher Plane Curves ii. 34 It will be more simple to commence our discussion of multiple tangents by examining the condition that the axis (y = 0) should be a multiple tangent.
1878 Philos. Trans. 1877 (Royal Soc.) 167 373 The envelope of OO′ will be a curve of the nth class, to which the line CL will be a multiple tangent of the order (n − 1).
1930 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 52 155 Each of the ω tangents through A to a generic curve C of K is, in general, a multiple tangent, having with C one or more contacts of order ≧ 1.
1991 Amer. Math. Monthly 98 159 The x-axis is a multiple tangent of x4 − 2x2 + 1.
multiple telegraph n. now historical a telegraph system on which many messages may be sent simultaneously over the same wire; cf. multiplex adj. 5.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > telecommunication > telegraphy or telephony > telegraphy > telegraph > [noun] > types of
field telegraph1795
enunciator1847
needle telegraph1847
indicator-telegraph1875
multiple telegraph1876
harmonic telegraph1878
Fullerphone1917
telecon1946
1876 Rep. Commissioners of U.S. to Internat. Exhib. Vienna, 1873 II. 88 A multiple telegraph was thus formed, adapted to any system.
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 124/1 Delaunay's multiple telegraph.
multiple telegraphy n. a system of telegraphy by which many messages may be sent simultaneously over the same wire.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > telecommunication > telegraphy or telephony > telegraphy > [noun] > types or systems of
multiple telegraphy1876
quadruplex1878
cable system1887
harmonic telegraphy1902
typo-telegraphy1903
telex1932
1876 Rep. Commissioners of U.S. to Internat. Exhib. Vienna, 1873 II. 29 (heading) Multiple telegraphy.
1879 G. B. Prescott Speaking Telephone (new ed.) 50 A practical system of multiple telegraphy.
1925 Sci. Monthly Nov. 531 Edison was twenty-six when he invented his system of multiple telegraphy.
multiple use n. (a) use of a thing, esp. land, for more than one purpose; (b) use of a thing by more than one user.
ΚΠ
1929 Science 1 Nov. 411/2 By all its multiple uses [sc. of the electric lamp] it has lengthened the hours of our active lives, decreased our fears, replaced the dark with good cheer, [etc.].
1948 J. T. Hazard Our Living Forests Pref. p. viii There are seven major fields to be considered in the multiple use of our living forests.
1969 Jane's Freight Containers 1968–9 505 (caption) SALwall..incorporates a multiple-use double wall.
1991 Lancet 2 Mar. 552/1 Port-of-entry immunisation may present a risk for hepatitis B and, possibly, HIV infection from multiple use, inadequately sterilised hypodermic syringes.
1992 A. Gore Earth in Balance xv. 322 New approaches to crop rotation and multiple uses of land..can provide alternatives to the common Third World practice of seasonally burning vast areas of land.
multiple valve n. Electronics a multi-electrode valve.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > thermionic valve > [noun] > vacuum tube or thermionic valve
vacuum tube1859
trigger tube1894
audion1906
pliotron1915
diode1919
electron tube1919
negatron1919
pentode1919
power valve1919
tetrode1919
triode valve1919
magnetron1921
bright emitter1923
peanut valve1923
peanut1924
power tube1924
multiple valve1929
thyratron1929
heptode1932
hexode1933
pentagrid1933
acorn tube1934
octode1934
triode-pentode1936
triode-hexode1937
transitron1939
trochotron1947
steering diode1957
1929 Wireless World 6 Mar. (heading) A Loewe multiple valve for mains operation.
1968 Radio Communication Handbk. (ed. 4) ii. 20/1 The trend is to make radio equipment as compact as possible and it is therefore convenient to take advantage of the special multiple valves which have more than one unit contained in a single envelope.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
multiplev.
/ˈmʌltᵻpl/, U.S. /ˈməltəp(ə)l/ Telephony.
transitive. To make (a circuit) accessible to operators at more than one point on a switchboard or switchboards; to provide or employ duplicates of (a device) for this purpose.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > telecommunication > telegraphy or telephony > telephony > communicate with by telephone [verb (transitive)] > methods or procedures
to put through1880
multiple1906
place1907
offer1950
switch1971
to camp on1977
1906 J. Bell & S. Wilson Pract. Teleph. (ed. 4) ix. 108 At the outgoing end the lines are multipled three times on every two sections, so that every operator has every line almost directly in front of her.
1932 T. Sherratt in J. A. Fleming Electr. Educator (ed. 2) III. 1194/1 The trunks are multipled to the contacts of a number of line switches, so that several subscribers can gain access to the same trunks.
1976 Electr. Communication 51 95 Secretarial systems are effectively small private branch exchanges but with external lines multipled to each telephone station.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.a1595
v.1906