motionn.

Brit.

/ˈməʊʃn/, U.S.

/ˈmoʊʃ(ə)n/

Forms: Middle English mocien, Middle English mocione, Middle English mocioun, Middle English mocioune, Middle English mocyoun, Middle English moecion, Middle English morcyon (transmission error), Middle English moscyoun, Middle English motiun, Middle English–1500s mocyon, Middle English–1600s mocion, Middle English–1600s motyon, Middle English– motion, 1500s mocyone, 1500s moshon; Scottish pre-1700 mocion, pre-1700 mocione, pre-1700 mocioun, pre-1700 mocioune, pre-1700 mosion, pre-1700 mosioun, pre-1700 motione, pre-1700 motioun, pre-1700 motioune, pre-1700 motiown, pre-1700 1700s– motion.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French motion; Latin mōtiōn-, mōtiō.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman motion, mocion, moçoun motion, proposal, reason, cause, volition, instigation, and Middle French, French motion movement, motion (c1225 in Old French), trouble, agitation, civil unrest (14th. cent.), inner impulse or inclination (14th. cent.), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin mōtiōn-, mōtiō movement, motion, in post-classical Latin also revolt (9th cent.), movement of the bowels (c1240 in a British source), suggestion, impulse (from 14th cent. in British sources), legal application or proposal (from 14th cent. in British sources), motive, reason (14th cent. in a British source) < mōt- , past participial stem of movēre move v. + -iō -ion suffix¹.In philosophical use (compare sense 6d) after classical Latin mōtus (see mote n.³) or ancient Greek κίνησις.

I. Senses relating to movement and change.

†1.

a. Political agitation, civil unrest; (hence) an uprising or revolt. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > public excitement > [noun]

motiona1387

humour1579

mania1689

scene1764

sensation1765

agitation1769

society > authority > lack of subjection > unruliness > political unrest > [noun]

stirringa1154

motiona1387

troublec1435

misrule1442

commotion1471

stir1487

misgovernment1565

welteringa1586

confusions1599

distemper1605

distemperature?1606

convulsion1643

unsettlement1649

upturning1846

upturn1864

the natives are restless1950

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 277 In token of þe mocioun [L. motionis] of Ierusalem, þat fel þre hondred ȝere afterward.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) vii. 268 (MED) The peeple..roos ageyn the kyng..But ther was oon bi whom the striff began, And was first ground of this gret mocioun.

a1525 Coventry Leet Bk. 45 Dyssencions, stirrynges, and mocions haue byn had a-fore tyme..for certen comen.

1582 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1880) 1st Ser. III. 516 To contene thamselffis peciable..unattempting ony further motioun or trouble.

1697 J. Potter Archæologiæ Græcæ I. i. iv. 15 The State continu'd all that time unsettl'd, and in continual motions.

b. Commotion, hubbub, noise. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > [noun] > outcry or clamour

reamOE

ropeOE

brack?c1200

utas1202

hootinga1225

berec1225

noise?c1225

ludea1275

cryc1275

gredingc1275

boastc1300

utasa1325

huec1330

outcrya1382

exclamation1382

ascry1393

spraya1400

clamourc1405

shoutingc1405

scry1419

rumourc1425

motion?a1439

bemec1440

harrowc1440

shout1487

songa1500

brunt1523

ditec1540

uproar1544

clamouring1548

outrage1548

hubbub1555

racket1565

succlamation1566

rear1567

outcrying1569

bellowing1579

brawl1581

hue and cry1584

exclaiming1585

exclaim1587

sanctus1594

hubbaboo1596

oyez1597

conclamation1627

sputter1673

rout1684

dirduma1693

hallalloo1737

yelloching1773

pillaloo1785

whillaloo1790

vocitation1819

blue murder1828

blaring1837

shilloo1842

shillooing1845

pillalooing1847

shriek1929

yammering1937

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. 3839 (MED) Thei [sc. poets] shold be quieet fro worldli mocioun And it sequestre out of ther remembraunce.

c1475 (c1450) P. Idley Instr. to his Son (Cambr.) (1935) ii. B. 2217 (MED) What availleth hooly scripture and doctours techyng..When men in hir hertis haue noo deuocioun? It is but laboure lost and veyn mocioun.

2. Agitation, violent movement; spec. agitation or disturbance of a physical substance (esp. water); an irregular movement, shaking, oscillation (of a ship, vehicle, etc.). Also: excitement, perturbation, agitation (of the mind or feelings).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > [noun]

excitation1393

motiona1398

concitation1534

erectiona1586

fermentationc1660

effervescence1744

effervescency1767

intumescence1775

electricity1796

electrization1798

sensation1807

electrification1835

bubblement1842

excitement1846

suscitation1870

exuberation1889

splash1899

rousedness1915

adrenaline1928

drama1930

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > irregular movement or agitation > [noun]

winOE

disturbance1297

perturbingc1395

motiona1398

stirrage1513

turmoil1526

disquietness1535

buskling1546

jumbling1562

agitation1569

working1575

tumult1580

commotion1592

emotion1594

turbulence1598

bransle1603

pother1603

tumultuousnessa1617

unevennessa1637

unquietudea1639

disquietal1642

tumbling1660

disquietude1709

rouse1764

maelstrom1834

peacelessness1852

stir-up1900

the mind > emotion > excitement > nervous excitement > [noun]

fever1340

motiona1398

quotidian?a1439

rufflea1535

commotion1581

fret1582

hurry1600

puddering1603

tumultuousnessa1617

trepidation1625

feverishness1638

boilingc1660

fermentationc1660

tumult1663

ferment1672

stickle1681

fuss1705

whirl1707

flurry1710

sweat1715

fluster1728

pucker1740

flutter1741

flustration1747

flutteration1753

tremor1753

swithera1768

twitteration1775

state1781

stew1806

scrow1808

tumultuating1815

flurrification1822

tew1825

purr1842

pirr1856

tête montée1859

go1866

faff1874

poultry flutter1876

palaver1878

thirl1879

razzle-dazzle1885

nervism1887

flurry-scurry1888

fikiness1889

foment1889

dither1891

swivet1892

flusterment1895

tither1896

overwroughtness1923

mania1925

stumer1932

tizzy1935

two and eight1938

snit1939

tizz1953

tiswas1960

wahala1966

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 136^v Whanne a cloude is byforn anoþir, he is cause of tempest and of mocioun in þerþe.

c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Linc. Cathedral 103) 79 (MED) Þe see..may be calm wiþoute mocioun [L. immotis], And sodanly..Wiþ tempest is it turned vp so doun.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Esdras vi. 14 There shal come a greate mocion [L. commotio], but y^e place where thou stondest shal not be moued.

1644 S. Kem Messengers Preparation 22 It's good stepping into the poole upon the motion of the waters.

1700 J. Dryden tr. G. Boccaccio Cymon & Iphigenia in Fables 542 Love..brushing o'er, adds Motion to the Pool.

1715 J. Gay What d'ye call It ii. viii. 33 Cease, cease, thou cruel Ocean, And let my Lover rest; Ah! what's thy troubled Motion To that within my Breast?

1771 T. Percival Ess. Med. & Exper. (1777) I. 127 The mixtures..seemed to have some little fermentative motion in them.

1798 S. T. Coleridge Anc. Marinere v, in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 32 But in a minute she [sc. the ship] 'gan stir With a short uneasy motion—Backwards and forwards half her length.

1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. iii, in Poems 117 His Groans now told the Motions of the Cart.

1864 C. Dickens Mrs. Lirriper's Legacy i, in All Year Round Extra Christmas No., 1 Dec. 7/1 Not much motion on the whole, though me with a swimming in the head..but able to take notice that the foreign insides appear..hollower than the English, leading to much more tremenjous noises when bad sailors.

1969 Jrnl. Inst. Navigation 22 327 Violent ship motions can be relieved by a reduction in ship speed to the point where synchronism occurs only with wavelengths which are too short to produce serious motions.

1991 Offshore Engineer Sept. 74/1 A considerable improvement in vessel rescue capabilities, particularly in stormy conditions when conventional monohull ships experience very severe motions.

†a. Power or capacity of movement (as a property of a person, etc.). Also: a human body as being capable of movement. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > bodily movement > [noun] > power or faculty of

motiona1398

movinga1398

wieldinga1400

motricity1862

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 17 Þey [sc. angels] haueþ mocioun I-liche to god..for by here owne vertu hy meueþ to godward.

c1535 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (Davidson) l. 111, in Shorter Poems (1967) 5 Thair remanyt nothir..Breth motione nor hetys nat[urale].

1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. E7 No breath, nor sence, nor motion in them both.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 120 This sensible warme motion, to become A kneaded clod.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 151 Devoid of sense and motion .

1698 T. Rokeby in Brief Mem. (1861) 62 I was taken with a very great indisposition... My motion in a manner wholly lost..I was necessitated to be carryed up staires.

b. Voluntary or reflex movement in a human or animal body or its parts; muscular contraction; change of position of a substance, fluid, etc., within a human or animal body; an instance of this. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > bodily movement > [noun]

movinga1398

stirringa1400

motion?a1425

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 155^v (MED) Þe forseid maister charged nouȝt of þe houres of mocioun or mouyng of humourez.

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 403 O neuer will I trust to speaches pend, Nor to the motion of a Schoole-boyes tongue.

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 740 Men..in their sleepe haue not so strong Tonnical motions as when they are awake.

1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. xxiii. 208 Zoophytes..in their partes..haue a distinct and articulate motion.

1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. x. 67 Sound may mechanically cause a certain motion of the animal Spirits, in the Brains of those Birds..yet that can never be supposed a Reason, why it should cause mechanically..such a motion in the Organs of the Bird's voice, as should conform it to the Notes of a foreign Sound.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Animal Motion, is that whereby the Situation, Figure, Magnitude, &c. of the Parts, Members, &c. of Animals are changed.

1745 E. Young Complaint: Night the Eighth 27 The Love of Pleasure: That, thro' ev'ry Vein, Throws Motion, Warmth.

1803 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 10 433 This translation of sensation and motion to parts remote from the place where impressions are made.

1874 W. B. Carpenter Princ. Mental Physiol. (1879) 81 Sensations are excited by impressions,..and respondent motions are called forth.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiv. [Oxen of the Sun] 388 He had enjoined his heart to repress all motions of a rising choler.

1988 Update 15 Oct. 680/2 Real-time ultrasound allows motion to be observed, and therefore, it is possible to depict dynamically the change in position of the femoral head.

c. The action of the body in walking, running, etc. Also: a manner of walking or stepping; gait, carriage.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > progressive motion > [noun] > specifically of animates

motion1531

locomotion1646

the world > movement > progressive motion > walking > [noun] > manner of walking

stepOE

gangOE

pacec1300

goinga1382

gait1509

motion1531

gature?1548

walk1567

gait-trip1582

tread1609

go1635

démarche1658

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour xx. i. sig. Kviii^v There was a kynde of daunsinge called Hormus,..wherin daunsed yonge men and maidens, the man expressinge in his motion and countenance, fortitude and magnanimitie.

1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. 57 Quhen þir brethir war fechtand togiddir hand for hand, Nocht alanerlie apperit þe ythand mocioun of þare bodyis,..bot als þare rude and wide woundis.

1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 144 If it be true that the principall part of beautie is in decent motion.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iii. iii. 58 The firme fixture of thy foote, would giue an excellent motion to thy gate, in a semi-circled Farthingale.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 44 He had in his person, in his aspect, and countenance, the appearance of a great man, which he preserv'd in his gate and motion.

1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 4. ⁋6 Her Air has the Beauty of Motion, and her Look the Force of Language.

1794 W. Felton Treat. Carriages I. 76 The draught is much preferable when taken from a splinter bar, which yields to the motion and pull of the horse.

1888 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion (new ed.) V. xii. 79 The men..must be good horsemen, otherwise they could not obey the quick motion and turns of their horses.

1913 W. Cather O Pioneers! iv. vii. 267 When Frank was halfway to Hanover, the motion of his horse brought on a violent attack of nausea.

1993 Dressage & CT Apr. 26/3 The key for collection lies in the skill to ride the half-halt properly..and to use this unique tool in coordination with the horse's motion.

†d. Physical, esp. strenuous, exercise or exertion. Also in plural. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [noun] > physical effort or force

motion1568

coactiona1661

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > gymnastics > exercise > [noun]

playeOE

stirringa1400

laboura1530

exercisea1533

activity1542

motion1568

gymnastic1598

gymnastics1652

capriccio1665

grind1857

physical drill1873

ekker1891

physical jerks1917

daily dozen1918

workout1923

sexercise1942

1568 G. Skeyne Breue Descriptioun Pest viii. sig. B8^v Drink Iulepe, or opiate, conuenient with motione, frictione, & sic thingis as bringis furthe all contagione maist learnitly prescryuit. Obseruand alwayis that walking, motione and frictionis, debilitatis the spirits.

1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke i. xv. 18 The body being much weakened by vehement motion.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. vii. 129 When in your motion you are hote and dry.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Ii1 By Ambages of diets, bathings, annointings, Medicines, motions, and the like, prolong life.

1689 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 318 His violent motion going up Shotover Hill on foot.

1695 J. Dryden in tr. C. A. Du Fresnoy De Arte Graphica Pref. p. l But that Poet was always in a Foam at his setting out, even before the Motion of the Race had warm'd him.

e. A bowel movement (movement n. 12).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > defecation > [noun]

purgationa1387

shitting1386

officec1395

outpassinga1398

subduction?a1425

easementa1438

cuckingc1440

siegea1475

evacuation?1533

stool1541

egestion1547

dunging1558

purging1579

stooling1599

cackc1600

motion1602

dejection1605

excretion1640

exclusion1646

purgament1650

exoneration1651

disenteration1654

orduring1654

crapping1673

passage1681

seat1697

opening1797

defecation1825

excreting1849

poopc1890

movement1891

job1899

shit?1927

crap1937

dump1942

soiling1943

gick1959

jobbie1981

pooh1981

1602 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor iii. i. 95 Shall I lose my doctor? No, he giues me the motions And the potions.

1766 C. Anstey New Bath Guide ii. ii. 14 We must swallow a Potion For driving out Wind after every Motion.

1786 R. Willan in Med. Communications 2 118 He had..two or three loose motions.

1843 R. J. Graves Syst. Clin. Med. x. 111 Those who are dissatisfied with less than two or three motions in the day.

1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 737 In sprue the motions are generally very frothy.

1933 A. E. Barclay Digestive Tract xii. 157 When the colon is examined after a motion, it is usually found to have been voided from the splenic flexure onwards.

1975 J. M. Naish Understanding your Bowels ii. 11 This signal from stomach to colon is known as the gastro-colic reflex and in some people is so powerful that they always have to pass a motion soon after a meal.

1991 D. Harper Train your Dog (BNC) 90 If you follow a similar path every day, then getting your dog to pass a motion will be easier to achieve by building on the previous training.

a. A visible (frequently expressive) movement of the human body or of a part of the body, a gesture; a change of posture; also in extended use. Formerly also: †a grimace or other grotesque facial expression; grimacing (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > bodily movement > [noun] > a bodily movement

motiona1398

gesta1521

gesture1551

motioning1843

society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > [noun] > a gesture

sign?c1225

abearc1350

countenancea1375

becka1382

motiona1398

signaclea1450

beckona1718

motioning1843

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 14^v Seraphin is alwey meueable aboute þinges þat longeþ to god..Alwey of busy mociens [L. motionis] þat flecchit not.

c1570 Art of Music (BL Add. 4911) f. 24^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Motio(u)n Tactus..is ane continuall mocioun or ane chop witht the hand of the preceptour.

1608 G. Markham & L. Machin Dumbe Knight i. sig. B1^v In her lookes, Each motion hath a speaking maiesty.

a1625 J. Fletcher Wild-goose Chase (1652) iii. i. 24 These Gim-cracks, made of Mops, and Motions.

a1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 292 A Sermon was preach'd to the Jewes.., who are constrain'd to sit, till the houre is don; but it is with so much..spitting, humming, coughing & motion, that [etc.].

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 223 Speaking or mute all comliness and grace Attends thee, and each word, each motion formes.

1710 T. Ruddiman in G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneis (new ed.) Gloss. at Moup They say, that a mouse moups at cheese. The word is also applied to speaking, of those who for want of teeth have great difficulty, and make unusual motions of their mouth, that they may be understood.

1798 J. Baillie Tryal ii. ii, in Series Plays Stronger Passions I. 230 (stage direct.) Agnes making a slight motion of her hand to fasten some pin in her dress.

1807 W. Wordsworth Poems I. 15 Her household motions light and free, And steps of virgin liberty.

1813 Ld. Byron Bride Abydos ii. xxvi. 599 That hand—whose motion is not life—Yet feebly seems to menace strife—Flung by the tossing tide on high,..What recks it? though that corse shall lie Within a living grave?

1819 S. Cooper First Lines Pract. Surg. (ed. 4) I. ii. xviii. 474 By a slight motion of the hand backward.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Locksley Hall in Poems (new ed.) II. 94 And her eyes on all my motions with a mute observance hung.

1880 T. Hardy Trumpet-major I. ii. 31 But Anne, who always liked his news, pressed him to stay, with a tender motion of her lip as it played on the verge of a solicitous smile without quite lapsing into one.

1906 J. Galsworthy Man of Prop. i. v. 76 She was ever silent, passive, gracefully averse; as though terrified lest by word, motion, or sign she might lead him to believe that she was fond of him.

1944 S. Bellow Dangling Man (1963) 36 I saw her at the bowl and frowned at the quick motion with which she raised her arm and drank.

1992 N.Y. Times 12 Oct. b6/5 He even adopted Mr. Clinton's familiar pounding hand motions and his refrain, ‘We can do it’.

b. A practised and regulated movement of the body; a step, gesture, or other movement acquired by training or practice. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > bodily movement > [noun] > a bodily movement > practised and regulated

motion1531

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xxii. sig. L4 They must marke well the sondry motions & measures, which in true fourme of daunsing is to be specially obserued.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. vii. 85 + 2 The Scrimures of their nation He swore had neither motion, guard, nor eye, If you opposd them.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. iv. 269 He giues me the stucke in with such a mortall motion that it is ineuitable.

1650 J. Milton Tenure of Kings (ed. 2) 57 For Divines, if ye observe them, have thir postures, and thir motions no less expertly, and with no less variety then they that practice feats in the Artillery-ground.

1729 W. Law Serious Call xv. 267 Those antick and invented motions which make fine dancing.

a1763 W. Shenstone Ess. in Wks. (1765) II. 141 As a race-horse hurts his motions by condescending to draw in a team.

1776 J. Hawkins in R. Southey Common-place Bk. (1851) 4th Ser. 566/2 The art of Orchesography, or denoting the several steps and motions in dancing by characters, was invented by M. Beauchamp.

1809 J. Roland Amateur of Fencing 98 I do not..recommend this motion to be adopted by young beginners, as it is apt to give rise to bad habits.

1867 C. Steedman Man. Swimming 93 There are four distinct kinds of motions for the arms, and the same number and kind for the legs, used in the common plain or breast-stroke.

1908 C. F. Holder Big Game at Sea vii. 118 This is known as ‘pumping’ from the up-and-down motion of the rod..; after some practice the motion is readily acquired, and the fish brought in with astonishing celerity.

1991 Sports View (U.S.) 97/1 Mastering the quick-step, the glide-step, the precision turns and exaggerated motions take time and dedication.

c. Military. Each of the several successive actions of which a prescribed exercise of arms consists. Also in figurative context. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > drill or training > [noun] > weapon-training > manual exercise > prescribed movement

motion1635

1635 W. Barriffe (title) Military discipline... Together with the motions which are to be used, in the exercising of a foot-company.

1718 Act New Hampsh. in Outing (1895) 27 78/2 To exercise them in motions, the use of arms, and shooting at marks.

1760 New Man. Exercises (ed. 3) 7 The Officers face to the Left-about in 3 Motions.

1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. Manual Exercise..consists in seven motions of the firelock... The motions in the manual exercise will, in future, be performed slower than heretofore, leaving three seconds between each motion.

1859 Field Exercise Infantry (rev. ed.) i. §4. 7 In order to supple the soldier..the following extension motions will be practised.

1918 E. S. Farrow Dict. Mil. Terms 395 Motion, a part of a movement in the manual of arms. Each movement is divided into motions to facilitate instruction of recruits.

1927 R. M. Scott in Oxf. Poetry 30 Scarcely disturbing with my vain attacks The sentries of your beauty's bivouacs, Put through my motions, a poor man-at-arms To show the efficacy of your charms.

a. More generally: the action or process of moving or being moved, with respect to place or position; (Mathematics) the condition of a body or a mathematical object such as a point, line, etc., when at each successive point in time it occupies a different position or orientation in space. Also as a count noun: an instance or variety of this (often distinguished according to direction, velocity, etc.).Originally used chiefly of the movement of celestial objects. motion of rotation n. the motion of a body which is rotating about an axis that is fixed relative to the body; the component of the motion of a body which can be so described, as distinguished from its motion of translation. motion of translation n. the motion of a body from one position in space to another; the component of the motion of a body that can be so described, as distinguished from its motion of rotation.Brownian, harmonic, perpetual, proper motion, etc.: see the first element. laws of motion: see law n.¹ 17b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > [noun]

stirringc888

pacec1300

wawingc1305

bestirring1340

movinga1382

movementa1393

startlinga1398

flittinga1400

motionc1425

shiftingc1440

agitation1573

motiveness1611

go1635

moment1641

remover1653

move1818

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. 1706 (MED) Tholome..telleth þe cause..of Eclips and coniunccioun, And whi þei falle by natural mocioun.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) ii. 2377 (MED) The childre off Seth..Fond first the crafft off heuenli mociouns.

a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 20241 (MED) For to sen..off euery sterre, Ther coursys and ther mociouns And ther reuoluciouns.

1570 H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. i. f. 3 A point, by his motion or draught, describeth a line.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iii. ii. 24 We in your motion turne, and you may moue vs.

1629 P. Massinger Roman Actor ii. i. sig. D4 The motion of the Spheares are out of time Her musicall notes but heard.

1642 T. Fuller Holy State iv. ix. 277 Diogenes confuted him who denyed there was any motion, by saying nothing but walking before his eyes.

1653 R. Gentilis tr. F. Bacon Nat. & Exper. Hist. Winds 361 Let the seventeenth Motion be the Spontaneall or Willing Motion of Rotation or wheeling.

1701 N. Grew Cosmol. Sacra i. i. §32 The two Visible Parts of the Universe are Matter and Motion.

1723 J. Clarke tr. Rohault's Syst. Nat. Philos. I. i. xxiii. 165 The Particles of the Water having less Motion, than our Bodies have in all those Parts which are near the Heart, they receive some Motion from us.

1734 R. Seymour Compl. Gamester (ed. 5) i. 128 The Bishop has a Motion hard to be described upon Paper; it is neither directly forward, nor altogether sideways.

1805 W. Herschel in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 95 235 The rotatory motion of the sun..must certainly be allowed to indicate a motion of translation in space.

1812 J. Playfair Outl. Nat. Philos. I. Introd. 8 No body loses motion in any direction, without communicating an equal quantity to other bodies in that same direction.

1839 H. Moseley Astron. xiv. 45 This mass, when left to itself, will have two motions, one a motion of translation,..the other,..a motion of rotation.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 150 The motion..was circular, as in the motion of a top.

1883 Encycl. Brit. XV. 687/1 We must now consider the composition of simple harmonic motions in directions at right angles to each other.

1931 A. Uttley Country Child iv. 63 She could feel the earth moving, a great majestic motion.

1969 Jrnl. Inst. Navigation 22 352 Very few individuals can read a map quickly without first orienting it in the direction of motion.

1992 In-Fisherman Feb. 59/1 The sidearm cast requires a rock-skipping motion.

b. A piece of mechanism which itself moves, or which sets other pieces moving or modifies their motion; spec. the mechanism which operates the steam distribution valve in a steam engine, esp. on a locomotive. Formerly also: †the movement of a watch (obsolete).Attested earliest in figurative context.parallel, perpetual motion: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > instruments for measuring time > watch > [noun] > parts of

barrel1591

motion1605

bezel1616

fusee1622

string1638

crown wheel1646

out-case1651

watch-box1656

nuck1664

watchwork1667

balance-wheel1669

box1675

dial wheel1675

counter-potence1678

pendulum-balance1680

watch-case1681

pillar1684

contrate teeth1696

pinion of report1696

watch-hook1698

bob-balance1701

half-cock1701

potence1704

verge1704

pad1705

movable1709

jewel1711

pendant1721

crystal1722

watch-key1723

pendulum spring1728

lock spring1741

watch-glass1742

watch-spring1761

all-or-nothing piece1764

watch hand1764

cylinder1765

cannon?1780

cannon1802

stackfreed1819

pillar plate1821

little hand1829

hair-spring1830

lunette1832

all-or-nothing1843

locking1851

slag1857

staff1860

case spring1866

stem1866

balance-cock1874

watch-dial1875

balance-spring1881

balance-staff1881

Breguet spring1881

overcoil1881

surprise-piece1881

brass edge1884

button turn1884

fourth wheel1884

fusee-sink1884

pair-case1884

silver bar1884

silver piece1884

slang1884

top plate1884

karrusel1893

watch-face1893

watch bracelet1896

bar-movement1903

jewel pivot1907

jewel bearing1954

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > mechanism > [noun] > part of > which sets other parts moving

motion1605

motor1656

messenger1929

servo motor1932

1605 S. Daniel Trag. Philotas iii. ii. sig. D2^v This great motion of a state we see Doth turne on many wheeles.

1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis 33 in Sylua Syluarum Engines for Multiplying and Enforcing of Windes, to set also on going diuerse Motions.

1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis 42 in Sylua Syluarum Wee have divers curious Clocks; And other like Motions of Returne: And some Perpetuall Motions.

1678 London Gaz. No. 1315/4 A silver Watch with several motions.

1682 True Protestant Mercury No. 151. 2/2 Two silver Watches, the one a large one with a rising motion.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Motion is also used among Mechanics, for the Inside of a Watch, &c. more commonly call'd Movement.

?1793 Catal. Optical Instruments (W. & S. Jones) 2 Reflecting telescopes..with rack-work motions.

1894 Times 23 Mar. 4/6 The engine-driver..might know whether the line was clear even..while he was oiling the motion.

1949 A. C. Walshaw Heat Engines (ed. 3) xi. 245 Make sketches to show the principle underlying Stephenson's link motion for the reversing of steam engines.

1966 O. S. Nock Brit. Steam Railway Locomotive v. 55/1 The earliest engines..had 8 in. diameter piston valves, actuated by Walschaerts gear, and the Gresley conjugated motion for the middle cylinder.

1987 Railway World Nov. 654/3 The motion on SMR engines is already tested for fatigue or stress cracks on a three-yearly basis.

†c. The action of moving something or setting something in movement; the fact of being moved. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > [noun] > fact of being moved or set in motion

moval1632

motion1667

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 592 And see the Guards, By mee encampt on yonder Hill, expect Thir motion, at whose Front a flaming Sword, In signal of remove, waves fiercely round.

a. The process or course of life, time, fate, etc. Also in plural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > continuity or uninterruptedness > [noun] > continuous succession

motionc1425

coursec1460

discourse1541

discurse?1549

current1587

running1662

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) v. 2625 (MED) Þoruȝ age now I am brouȝt lowe, And þoruȝ naturis kyndly mocyoun Am wexe feble of wyt.

a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 12385 (MED) Thy lyff..Ys lyk a cercle that goth aboute..But yet, in al hys mocyoun, He hath noon Exempcioun.

1655 Ld. Orrery Parthenissa III. iii. 211 I will goe rather Madam, and implore the Gods either to hasten the motions of Tyme, or retard those of my impatiency.

1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 8 Heav'n, has to all allotted, soon or late, Some lucky Revolution of their Fate: Whose Motions, if we watch and guide with Skill [etc.].

1822 Ld. Byron Heaven & Earth i. iii, in Liberal 1 178 Nor years, nor heart-break, nor time's sapping motion.

1958 E. Heller Ironic German vi. 241 Thomas Mann was..well prepared for ‘the mystery of the revolving sphere’ by Schopenhauer's philosophy of the eternal nunc stans which resides at the centre of the illusory motion of Time.

†b. Change of abode; an instance of this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > [noun] > change of residence

flittingc1175

removinga1425

remove1555

removal1605

motion1634

flit1835

move1853

shift1871

locomutationa1884

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 130 Hee seldome resides in Cities, or any one place long, but affects perpetuall motion.

c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1643 (1955) II. 82 Which had been a greate Cause of my perpetuall motions hitherto betweene Lond: and Wotton.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Staff. 46 William Gifford..was a man of much Motion.

†c. figurative. Advancement, promotion. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > working > career > [noun] > promotion or upgrading

advancementc1325

promotion?a1425

promoving1496

motion1641

lift1711

upgrading1920

bump1949

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [noun] > rise in prosperity, power, or rank > advancement or promotion of a person

furtheringc1000

vancement1303

advancementc1325

promotion?a1425

vauncingc1426

advance1440

furtherancec1440

preference1456

prefermentc1465

forwardness1591

preferency1602

motion1641

promoval1653

1641 W. Mountagu in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 288 The lawyers also must have their motions: Banks must be Baron and Lord Treasurer, the Attorney Chief Justice.

d. Philosophy. Any kind of change; becoming. Now chiefly historical.In philosophical discourse, the term local motion was formerly used to distinguish change of place from other kinds of change. Cf. local motion n. at local adj. and n. Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > [noun]

wendingeOE

changing?c1225

stirringa1240

wrixlinga1240

changec1325

variancec1340

transmutationc1380

varyingc1380

whileness1382

translationc1384

alterationa1398

mutationa1398

removinga1425

revolutiona1425

shiftingc1440

changementc1450

muance1480

commutation1509

altry1527

transition1545

turning1548

novation1549

immutation?c1550

alterance1559

alienation1562

turn?1567

vicissitude1603

refraction1614

fermentationa1661

diabasis1672

parallax1677

motion1678

aliation1775

transience1946

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. i. 50 To assert that..Life and Sense, Reason and Understanding, were really nothing else but Local Motion.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The antient Philosophers consider'd Motion in a more general and extensive Sense. They defined it by a Passage out of one State into another; and thus made six Kinds, viz. Creation, Generation, Corruption, Augmentation, Diminution, and Lation, or Local Motion.

1880 Princeton Rev. 1 252 In his first and principal argument in support of the Being of God, St. Thomas adopts the doctrine of Aristotle, that motion implies a mover who is himself moved by no one.

1961 G. Smith & L. H. Kendzierski Philos. of Being 22 You may describe motion in three ways: (1) bricks become a house; (2) something not-a-house becomes a house; (3) bricks, which are not a house, become a house.

7. An action or movement on the part of a person or body of people.

a. to make a motion: to start or be about to do something; to begin to move or make a movement (towards or to do something). Also (in quot. 1633): †to lead on or allude to something (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > bodily movement > move the body or a member [verb (intransitive)] > make a move > to do something

to make a motion1580

motion1747

1580 A. Saker Narbonus ii. 60 Then must thou be sworne to their seruice, and wedded to their willes: not so much then, as a looke awry, or make a motion to laugh, vnlesse to please their fancies.

1633 G. Herbert Holy Script. in Temple ii. i This verse marks that, and both do make a motion unto a third, that ten leaves off doth lie.

1709 Tatler No. 43. ⁋11 The French Army had laid Bridges over the Sharp, and made a Motion as if they intended to pass that River.

1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 368 About an Hour after they made a Motion to attack us again.

1800 E. Hervey Mourtray Family III. 204 She made a motion towards the door.

1898 E. N. Westcott David Harum xiv. 133 His companion, who so far had taken no part, made a motion to interfere, but John..caught him by the collar.

1915 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Island iv. 33 Several times I saw her make a motion as if to cross over to us, but she never did it—too shy, I suppose.

1990 M8 Dec. 31/1 The rhythm section of Steve and Lawrence, plus myself decide to seek refuge in one of the backstage rooms, as Fatima Mansions are making motions towards soundchecking.

1993 R. Rankin Bk. of Ultimate Truths (BNC) 55 A fearsome warlike apparition flung a horn beaker aside and rose to his feet, making motions towards his sword belt.

†b. In plural (formerly also in singular). Activities or movements on the part of a person or body of people, esp. when in pursuit of a goal; esp. the movements of an army in the field. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > doing > a proceeding > [noun] > proceedings or doings

workingOE

workOE

doingsa1387

practica1475

gearc1475

proceeding1524

practice1547

activity1570

courses1592

acting1596

motion1667

ongoings1673

energies1747

deed1788

movement1803

1667 Haddington Burgh Rec. 30 Apr. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) To goe to the coast and attend the motion of the enemie.

1693 Humours & Conversat. Town 24 Whose motions she has always as certain advice of as a Commander has of those of an Enemy.

1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. xiv. 438 That his coming into Zeeland, and his continuance there, was known to Cromwell, with all the particulars of his Motion.

1705 G. Stanhope Paraphr. Epist. & Gospels I. 298 Joseph taking the Advantage of the Night to conceal his Motions, went away with Jesus and the Virgin, and dwelt in Egypt.

1769 W. Robertson Hist. Charles V II. iv. 272 All the Emperor's motions depending on himself alone, were more brisk and better concerted.

1773 Ld. Elibank Let. 21 Aug. in J. Boswell Jrnl. Tour Hebrides (1852) 141 I hope my friend Boswell will inform me of your motions.

1775 R. B. Sheridan St. Patrick's Day i. ii My chief business with you is to watch the motions of a rake-helly fellow here.

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth viii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 192 He had associated himself to the Smith, whose motions he had watched for the purpose of joining him.

1896 Dict. National Biogr. XLVI. 280/1 Poyntz..was ordered after Naseby to follow the king's motions, and succeeded in forcing him to an engagement at Rowton Heath, near Chester.

†8.

a. A show, an entertainment; spec. a puppet-show. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > puppetry > [noun] > puppet-show

puppet play1565

puppet show1574

motion1589

drollerya1616

poppet-play1633

poppet-show1650

drolla1657

poppy-show1691

fantoccini1771

1589 ‘Pasquill of England’ Returne of Pasquill sig. Biij^v Pompes, Pagents, Motions, Maskes.

1592 T. Kyd Spanish Trag. iv. sig. I4 To entertaine my Father with the like: Or any such like pleasing motion.

1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor ii. i. sig. Fii^v They say there's a new Motion of the citie of Nineueh, with Ionas and the Whale, to be seene at Fleet-bridge.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iii. 95 Then hee compast a Motion of the Prodigall sonne.

1633 in A. F. Johnston & M. Rogerson Rec. Early Eng. Drama: York (1979) I. 592 Item that no Iuggler Trumpetters, drumers..nor any such as goe aboute with Motions or showes shall att any tyme bee suffered to practize in this Citty without lycense of the Lord Maiour.

1677 London Gaz. No. 1170/4 All Persons exposing publickly any Shows, Motions, Stage-Playes, or strange Sights.

1678 Norwich Court-Bks. 21 Dec. (1905) 152 Oliver Batt licensed to show a motion called ‘Arte and Vartue’.

1823 W. Hone Anc. Myst. Described viii. 231 The English puppet-show was formerly called a motion... In 1818, a man..‘compassed a motion of the Prodigal Son’ by dancing his transparencies between the magnifying glass and candle of a magic lanthorn.

b. A puppet. Also used derisively of a person. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > one who is unimportant > puppet or toy

hackneya1500

toy1573

creature1587

puppet1592

motion1602

baublea1616

plaything1680

dummy1866

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > puppetry > [noun] > puppet

poppin1440

mammet1461

puppet1538

poppet1551

motion1602

puppy1640

neurospast1642

marionettea1645

poupée1785

fantoccini1791

scaramouch1815

shadow figure1851

Judy puppet1897

shadow puppet1923

rod puppet1930

string puppet1937

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > (a) means > person as > mere

stale1580

creature1587

puppet1592

motion1602

property1611

looma1650

tool1663

cat's-foot1675

cat's paw1785

paw1824

dummy1866

stooge1937

1602 B. Jonson Poetaster iii. iv. sig. F3^v What's he, with the halfe Armes there, that salutes vs out of his cloake, like a Motion ?

a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) ii. i. 89 Oh excellent motion; oh exceeding Puppet.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 375 He is a motion generatiue, that's infallible.

1616 B. Jonson Epicœne iii. iv, in Wks. I. 558 Did you thinke you had married a statue? or a motion, onely?

a1625 J. Fletcher Rule a Wife (1640) ii. 14 Goe, finde me out this man, and let me see him, If he be that motion that you tell me of, And make no more noise, I shall entertaine him.

a1639 S. Marmion Antiquary (1641) i. i This travelling motion has been abroad in quest of strange fashions.

1664 T. Killigrew Parsons Wedding iv. i, in Comedies & Trag. 121 One that never..sleepes in a whole skin, but is taken to pieces like a Motion, as if she were too long.

1745 J. Swift Ode to Sir W. Temple in Misc. X. 198 As in a Theatre the Ignorant Fry, Because the Cords escape their Eye Wonder to see the Motions fly.

9. Music.

†a. Tempo. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > duration of notes > tempo > [noun]

timing?1578

motion1597

movement1683

tempo1724

motivo1876

time1878

1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 178 If the subiect be light, you must cause your musicke go in motions, which carrie with them a celeritie or quicknesse of time, as minims, crotchets and quavers: if it be lamentable, the note must goe in slow and heavie motions, as semibreues, breues and such like.

1614 T. Ravenscroft Briefe Disc. Musicke 14 They who aright vnderstand Poetry, and Musicke shall be Iudges, who knowe the Measure to bee all one, and the differences of the Motion to bee according to each Rule, or according to the discretion of them that Sing, or Reade them.

1614 T. Ravenscroft Briefe Disc. Musicke 18 Almayne Time..is as a Duple to the Lesse Prolation; that is, a Motion as swift againe, as the Lesse Prolation is of, in his owne Naturall Tact.

1660 J. Playford Brief Introd. Skill Musick (ed. 3) i. 33 This Mood..is of two Motions, the one slow, the other more swift.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Motion, in Songs compos'd in double Time, differs from those in triple Time. 'Tis the Motion that distinguishes Courants and Sarabands, from Gavots, Borees, Chacones, &c.

1740 J. Grassineau tr. S. De Brossard Musical Dict. 145 The Motion in songs composed in double or common time differs from that of those in triple time.

b. (a) The melodic progression of a single part with reference to the intervals taken by it; an instance of this; see conjunct adj. 7, disjunct adj. 3; (b) the progression of two or more parts with relation to each other (for parallel, direct, similar, oblique, contrary motion: see the first element).

ΚΠ

1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 177 If you woud haue your musicke signifie hardnes, cruelty or other such affects, you must cause the partes proceede in their motions without the halfe note, that is,..by whole notes, sharpe thirdes, sharpe sixes and such like.

1730 Short Treat. Harmony 4 Oblique Motion, called by the Italians Moto Obliquo; which is, when Either Part keeps on in the same place, whilst the other moves Upwards or Downwards.

1740 J. Grassineau tr. S. De Brossard Musical Dict. 145 Moto,..is a term that has many significations in music; sometimes it means only a motion or passage from one note to another... Sometimes it regards the quickness and slowness of such motion, as a brisk, slow, lively or languid motion.

1879 W. S. Rockstro in G. Grove Dict. Music II. 88 He [sc. Biordi] has used the diminished fourth in disjunct motion.

1880 G. Grove Dict. Music II. 377 The motions of a single part are classified according as the successive steps do or do not exceed the limits of a degree of the scale at a time, the former being called ‘disjunct’ and the latter ‘conjunct’ motion.

2001 New Grove Dict. Music (Electronic ed.) at Motion from an inner voice The simplest function this line can perform is to delay the motion of the upper voice in the opposite direction, i.e. descending.

†10. Fine Art. Harmony in design or composition. Cf. movement n. 6. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > work of art > [noun] > arrangement of parts > harmonious

motion1598

repose1695

1598 R. Haydocke tr. G. P. Lomazzo Tracte Artes Paintinge i. 23 By Motion, the Painters meane that comelines, and grace in the proportion and disposition of a picture, which is also called the spirite and life of a picture.

11. Mathematics. A reversible linear transformation of three-dimensional space; spec. one varying continuously with time, representing the movement of a body.

ΚΠ

1884 Proc. London Math. Soc. 16 21 A motion is defined as a linear transformation not altering the absolute.

1933 L. P. Eisenhart Continuous Groups of Transformations ii. 80 The group of motions in the euclidean plane is primitive.

1988 Nature 2 June 420/1 In continuum mechanics the [following] transformation..is called the motion.

1995 Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 121 212 For N > 2 such a Euclidean motion is not necessarily a translation.

II. Senses relating to inner impulses or mental activities.

12.

a. An inner prompting or impulse; instigation or incitement from within; a desire or inclination (to or towards). Also: a stirring of the soul, an emotion; passion. Now only in of one's own motion and variants: see Phrases 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > [noun] > an emotion

affection?c1225

passiona1250

motionc1390

feelinga1413

feelc1485

motivec1485

stirring1552

emotive1596

emotion1602

resentment1622

sentiment1652

sensation1674

flavour1699

aftertaste1702

pathy1837

the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > [noun] > prompting of

stirring?c1225

motionc1390

puncture?a1425

movementc1485

c1390 G. Chaucer Melibeus 2429 Youre conseil..ne sholde nat..be called a conseillyng but a mocioun [v.rr. mocion, mentioun, monition] or a moeuyng of folie.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 1144 (MED) Kyng Priamus..Gan þus to schewe his hertis mocioun.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) ii. 877 (MED) This bodi must haue a soule off liff To quyke the membris with gostli mociouns.

a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 238 All his mocions inclined to vertu.

a1500 ( Vision E. Leversedge in Notes & Queries Somerset & Dorset (1905) 9 28 (MED) I..withstodist the temptacions of the deuels and contrarions of the mocions.

?1504 M. Beaufort tr. Thomas à Kempis Ful Treat. Imytacyon Cryste (Pynson) iv. vii. 269 So full of mocyons and concupyscences [L. tam plenus concupiscentiarum motibus].

?1571 tr. G. Buchanan Detectioun Marie Quene of Scottes sig. Gj^v Thay are not gouerned by aduised reason, but carried by violent motion.

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. ii. 6 Whereas vnto mens inward cogitations, vnto the priuie intents and motions of their harts, religion serueth for a bridle.

1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 35 He that standeth at a stay when others rise, can hardly avoid motions of envie.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) i. iii. 330 Wee haue reason to coole our raging motions .

1625 F. Bacon Love in Ess. (1895) 449 There is in Mans Nature, a secret Inclination, and Motion, towards loue of others.

a1680 S. Charnock Wks. (1684) I. Suppl. 7 Good motions cherish'd will spring up in good actions.

1692 tr. C. de Saint-Évremond Misc. Ess. 9 Whether he Kill'd his Sons by a motion of Heroick Vertue.

1718 Mem. Life J. Kettlewell iii. cx. 464 He got the Mastery of his Passions, and brought the Motions of his Mind into Subjection to the Law of Christ.

1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. i. 11 The natural Love of Life gave me some inward Motions of Joy.

1739 A. Pope Let. 7 July (1956) IV. 187 You have often rebuked me for talking too much of myself & my own Motions, & it is surely more triffling & absurd to write them, than to talk them.

†b. spec. A prompting or impulse originating from God, esp. a working of God in the soul. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > soul > [noun] > working of God in

motionc1460

c1460 in R. Brotanek Mittelengl. Dichtungen MS 432 Trin. Coll. Dublin (1940) 117 (MED) Þus, a gayne all naturall disposicioun, To se a bere to seke his owne game, But if it were of goddis mocioun, Þat he shuld do þe dogges shame.

1526 Pylgrimage of Perfection (de Worde) f. 19 That all our actes and dedes be ordred and wrought after the inclynacyon or mocyon of grace.

1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Celebr. Holye Communion f. xxxi^v That..wee maye euer obeye thy Godlye mocions.

1670 I. Walton Life J. Donne 37 in Lives God..mark'd him with..a blessing of obedience to the motions of his blessed Spirit.

1769 H. Brooke Fool of Quality IV. xvii. 25 Abandoned of God, and unvisited by his gracious motions in the heart.

13.

a. A formal proposition or proposal put before a committee, council, legislature, etc. Formerly also (now spec. in sense 13c): a formal request or legal petition.In quot. 1422: †a formal charge or complaint (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > procedure of parliament or national assembly > [noun] > proposal to be debated or voted on

motion1422

question1549

vote1641

1422 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 141 (MED) Be mocion of Richard Whityngton..he seid to the Breweres that they had reden yn to the Contre and forstalled malt.

1448 in S. A. Moore Lett. & Papers J. Shillingford (1871) 71 (MED) A mocyon that the controverse might be compromyssed.

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn 2593 (MED) Atte first mocioune þat he begynnyth to meve, Ther stondith vp an hundrit, hym to repreve.

1563 Orig. Jrnls. House of Commons 16 Jan. 1 f. 217^v A motyon made by a burgess at length for the succession.

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 367 A generall counsell..in the which Aristides made a motion, that all the cities of Greece should [etc.].

1605 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1889) IV. 278 The mocion of 20 to be added to the Councell shalbe assented vnto.

1692 R. L'Estrange Fables cccix. 271 And upon this Ground, there was a Motion put up, for Changing the Monarchy into a Republique.

1710 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1889) III. 84 I mov'd that it might be bought for the Publick Library. My Motion not listen'd to.

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 298. ¶5 The Motion being made, and the Question being put.

1776 Ann. Reg. 1775 118*/2 The motion..was carried upon a division..by the majority of sixty.

1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) IV. xxxiv. 334 This motion was carried.

1880 J. McCarthy Hist. our Own Times III. xliv. 327 The motion was never pressed to a division.

1945 W. S. Churchill Victory (1946) 67 The Opposition proposed a Motion for a Select Committee and the House rejected it.

1958 B. L. Montgomery Mem. (1961) 408 They had now tabled a motion that, when unanimous agreement in the Council was not possible, each zone might act as it thought best.

1988 S. Quinn Mind of her Own ii. 42 Bebel introduced a motion in the Reichstag to grant suffrage to women.

b. gen. A proposal, suggestion, or petition; an opinion, a counsel; an instigation, prompting, or instruction. Now spec. in senses 13a and 13c. Formerly also: †the action of moving, prompting, or urging a person to do something, or that something be done (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > incitement or instigation

puttingOE

sleatinga1122

eggingc1200

pricking?c1225

enticement1303

movinga1382

eggmentc1386

stirring1399

instinct1412

instigationc1422

motiona1425

provocationa1425

coyingc1440

ertingc1440

tollingc1440

artation1441

incitation1477

instinction1490

inhortationc1503

stimulation1526

abetment1533

onsetting1541

provokement?1545

incitament1579

stirring?c1580

irritation1589

incitement1594

spurring1611

to give foment to1613

fomenting1615

prompturea1616

proritation1615

urgea1618

exstimulation1626

fomentation1633

instinctment1661

spurning1672

impulsing1885

the mind > will > intention > planning > [noun] > a plan > a proposed plan or a project

propositiona1382

present?a1400

motiona1425

pleaa1500

action1533

propose1568

project1582

proposala1629

projection1633

party1653

projecture1658

scheme1719

ad referendum1753

swim1860

action plan1889

a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) iv. 1291 Thise wordes..Nis but to shewen yow my mocioun To fynde unto oure help the beste weye.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 2257 (MED) Lat nat offende..Þat I am bolde to seie my mocioun.

a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Harl. 4866) (1897) 4989 To god þi sone make a mocioun.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1876) VI. 15 (MED) Heraclius themperour..errede from the feithe thro the mocioun of Cirus, bischop of Alexandria.

a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) 811 (MED) If ye considre..whethir þe mocione of him biganne.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 647/1 I opyn a mater, I make first mocyon of it, or breke a mater to one, je entame.

1539 E. Hord Let. 10 Feb. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. II. 131 Ye marvelle that I and my brotherne do nott frelye and..surrendure upe owr Howse at the mocyone off the Kyngs Commissinars.

c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. (1821) I. 35 Ferlegus..be motioun of his familiaris..began to hate his eme.

1573 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1878) 1st Ser. II. 193 Having..theernist motioun and solistatioun of the Quenis majestie of Ingland.

1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. sig. ⁋5 To whom..a sealed booke was deliuered, with this motion, Reade this, I pray thee.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iii. 126 A Traueller..must alwayes at the first motion content these Rascals.

1682 J. Bunyan Holy War 19 Then they all with one consent said to this Bramble, do thou Reign over us. So he accepted the motion and became the King of the Town of Mansoul.

1720 D. Defoe Life Capt. Singleton 184 My Friend made a Motion to me, that we should desire Captain Wilmot to put us into the Sloop.

1773 Life Capt. Neville Frowde 26 The Mate applauded this Motion, and accordingly we went on shore.

1796 Hist. Ned Evans I. 21 Does she know..that I have been sent for, or was it only a mere motion of your own?

c. Law. An application made to a court or judge by a party to an action or his counsel, to obtain some ruling or order of court (esp. an interlocutory injunction) necessary to the progress of the action.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > [noun] > complaint in respect of civil claim > written application to court > for action

petition1463

motiona1726

showing1845

a1726 G. Gilbert Tenures (1757) 290 Upon motion to the court, it was agreed by the four justices, that [etc.].

1729 G. Jacob New Law-dict. (at cited word) In the Courts of Chancery, King's Bench, &c. Motions are made by Barristers and Counsellors at Law, for what concerns their Clients Causes... One ought not to move for several Things in one Motion; and where a Motion hath been denied, the same Matter may not be moved again by another Counsel, without acquainting the Court thereof.

1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist III. xl. 89 He..quitted the bar in disgust because he had only one brief and a motion of course in ten years.

1927 C. Mortimer & H. H. Coates Law & Pract. Probate Div. (ed. 2) xvi. 416 Applications of this character are frequently called ‘motions to presume death’.

1973 Detroit Legal News 30 Aug. 1/4 There will be no assignment of cases for trial on September 12 & 13, and no hearing of motions on September 14, 1973.

2000 Bankruptcy & Personal Insolvency Rep. 320 Mr Justice Lloyd directed that this committal motion should come on for hearing before me.

†14. A motive, a reason; a ground or cause of action; a provocation. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > motive

achesounc1230

encheason1297

quarrel1340

occasionc1384

springa1398

motive?a1439

motionc1475

springa1500

respect1528

regard1579

moment1611

movent1651

umbrage1664

what makes (someone) tick1931

c1475 tr. A. Chartier Quadrilogue (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1974) 181 The light, chaungeable feith..of the subgites to this seigneurie was mocion [a1500 Rawl. movyngis] and encheson of the comyng of oure enemyes vpon vs.

a1500 tr. A. Chartier Quadrilogue (Rawl.) (1974) 246 The mocion [c1475 Univ. Oxf. meeuing] of this werke was more labourid for compassion and necessite of the common wele thanne for presumpcion of vndirstonding.

1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. ii. vii. 155 Þai war all resolute of ane mynde..; And for þir mociouns [L. proinde] desirit porsena [etc.].

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) iii. 21 Thai [sc. the English] ar, ande alse hes beene, the special motione, of the iniust veyris that hes trublit cristianite, thir sex hundretht ȝeir by past.

1570–1 Court Bk. Broughton & Canongate (1937) 326 The said Johne..straik him in the heid with are drawin quhinyear..without ony motioun or occasioun offerit be the said David thairto.

1658 in T. Burton Diary (1828) II. 354 They have openly and avowedly trod God's people under foot, on that very motion and account; that they were Protestants.

†15. Persuasive force. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > [noun] > persuasiveness

motion1533

persuasion1540

rhetoric1569

Suada1592

persuasiveness1611

suasiveness1727

1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. iv. xiiii. f. ccxli Towarde whyche conclusyon no pyece of his premisses hadde any maner of mocyon.

a1591 H. Smith Serm. (1614) 265 If I had the wordes of motion to speake that which might be spoken of this matter, it would fright Iudas himselfe.

Phrases

P1. of one's own motion and variants [after post-classical Latin ex proprio motu ex proprio motu adv.] : of one's own accord (now chiefly archaic or Law). of one's mere motion: see mere adj.² 2. †of (a specified) motion: from (a specified) impulse or desire (obsolete). Cf. ex proprio motu adv., motu proprio adv.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > free will > [adverb]

freelyeOE

wilfullyc1000

by one's willOE

of oneselfOE

self-willesOE

of one's own willOE

willyOE

with one's willc1175

voluntarilyc1374

wilfulc1380

of one's own heada1393

willea1400

willilya1400

of (free) voluntyc1402

of or at one's (own) voluntyc1402

of one's own motion1419

of (also by, with) one's (own) goodwill?a1425

on one's own heada1425

of (also by, on, upon) one's own accorda1450

activelyc1454

willinglyc1475

voluntary1480

liberallya1500

of one's own swinge1548

voluntariously1550

voluntarlyc1568

for favour1574

at voluntary1585

of, out of, upon, or at (a person's) own voluntary1585

selfly1595

motu proprio1603

ultroneously1627

unimposedly1647

spontaneously1660

needlessly1710

unmechanically1764

1419 Guildhall Let.-bk. in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 82 (MED) Your kynde and notable profre of an ayde, þe which ye han graunted vnto vs of your owne good mocion.

1462 J. Russe in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 286 The parson comyth not of hyse owyn mocyon.

c1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Tiber.) 19495 Thanne was I greatly a-gaste..And seyde, off sodeyne moscyoun, ‘Bordoun’ [etc.].

1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes i. v. 11 The ladies them self of theyr propre mocion brought theyr jewellis.

1533 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) I. 370 Ye shall not moche nede to travayle..to procure answer other then of their owne mocyons they shall declare unto you.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 1211/2 He also of a godlie motion builded a conuenient roome in Pauls churchyard.

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxxvii. 233 Ye choose not me, but I of mine owne voluntarie motion made choice of you.

1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 21 Not at the instance of any one, but of their own proper motions.

1683 London Jilt: 2nd Pt. 5 My Tobacco Man who had not the Civility to honour me of his own Motion, with any thing of value.

1730 J. Wesley Wks. (1830) I. 12 I do not say you would be too officious should you of your own motions seek out the persons that want your instructions.

1799 W. Godwin St. Leon III. vi. 140 I believed that they would of their own motion conceive a partiality for the friend of their mother.

1822 Ld. Byron Let. 27 Oct. (1980) X. 19 He once of his own free motion—offered me a thousand pounds..per Canto.

1890 ‘M. Field’ Tragic Mary v. i. 199 And paced of her own motion through the door.

1903 Expositor Apr. 268 Christ of his own motion went further afield.

1985 R. C. A. White Admin. of Justice ii. vi. 110 The Court of Appeal may also of its own motion refer the point to the House of Lords.

P2.

a. to make a motion: see sense 7a.

b. to make a motion: to beckon, gesture to a person (to do something). Also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > make gestures [verb (intransitive)]

beckonc950

becka1300

wevec1325

playc1330

to make a countenancea1375

signc1520

token1535

gesture1542

starkle?1544

scrawl1582

gesticulate1609

annuate1623

to make a motion1719

wink1738

motion1788

1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 242 Upon this my Savage..made a Motion to me to lend him my Sword.

1743 J. Bulkeley & J. Cummins Voy. to South-seas 130 As soon as we discover'd them, we made Motions to them to come down.

1809 J. C. Cross Cora ii. vi, in Circusiana I. 96 Cora..forces the sabre, &c. gently from his grasp, and lays them at Ataliba's feet, making a motion to the warriors, who ground their arms.

1826 G. Daniel Disagreeable Surprise ii. ii. 37 (stage direct.) Flora and Maria make motions to Captain Wing'em, who, during the above conversation, keeps peeping through the door in the flat; he then comes forward.

1916 J. London Turtles of Tasman 99 I saw Charley and Joe hiding around the corner of the gymnasium and making motions to me. I went over to them.

1968 D. Ignatow Rescue Dead 34 I make motions to the ceiling to come down and make motions to the floor to open.

c. to go through the motions: to simulate a specified action by appropriate gestures or movements; (hence) to do something perfunctorily or superficially, or without enthusiasm; to make a pretence of doing something. Frequently with of followed by a noun or gerundial phrase indicating the specified action. Also occasionally forming the noun phrase going-through-the-motions.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > simulation > simulate [verb (transitive)]

belikec1275

counterfeitc1374

imitate1598

dissemble1697

to go through the motions1816

to mock up1914

1816 W. Scott Old Mortality x, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. II. 255 She pressed her handkerchief to her face, sobbed with great vehemence, and either wept, or managed, as Halliday might have said, to go through the motions wonderfully well.

1824 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 1st Ser. III. 27 Going through the motions of breakfast-eating.

1850 ‘M. Tensas’ Odd Leaves from Louisiana Swamp Doctor 88 Cuss you! I was only going through the motions; the rifle ain't loaded!

1856 C. Dickens Little Dorrit (1857) i. xxxvi. 316 Mr. Dorrit urbanely went through the motions of playing a game at skittles with the Collegian who was the next oldest inhabitant to himself.

1900 ‘M. Twain’ Man that corrupted Hadleyburg 298 A Government cannot satisfy all these public opinions; it can only go through the motions of trying. This Government does that. It goes through the motions, and they do not succeed.

1944 H. Croome You've gone Astray xvi. 166 It was pleasant, undoubtedly pleasant. But both of them felt..that in some fundamental sense they were merely going through the motions.

1963 Times Lit. Suppl. 11 Jan. 27/4 A mere exasperated going-through-the-motions.

1995 Spectator 28 Jan. 21/1 They didn't even go through the motions of putting women on the short-list.

P3.

a. in (also †upon) motion: moving or being moved; in a state of activity, moving about; opposed to at rest. to put in (also into, †to) motion, to set in motion: to set moving.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > cause to move [verb (transitive)]

stira1023

icchec1175

wawc1290

movea1382

remble1579

rouse1582

agitate1592

act1597

to put in (also into, to) motion1597

activate1624

actuate1641

animate1646

ferment1667

to feague away1671

to carry about1680

excite1694

jee1722

bestir1813

emotion1831

to set on1855

send1864

motion1929

the world > movement > in motion [phrase]

in (also upon) motion1597

the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > cause to begin to act or operate

to put (also set) to worka1398

to put on work?1440

streek?a1500

setc1500

to put (also set) in (also into) motion1598

spring1598

to set offa1625

to put (also set) in work1626

to set (a-)going1705

start1822

to start up1865

to set in motion1890

1597 H. Lok Ecclesiastes i. 3 Yea all heauens elements full well we see, Though farre more durable then man by kind, Yet for our vse, in motion still to bee.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. i. 77 Taste your legges sir, put them to motion .

1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. xiv. 27 My last unto you was from the Low-Countreys, wher I was in motion to and fro above four months.

1647 A. Cowley Called Inconstant in Mistress iii As Men in Motion think the Trees move too.

1659 H. More Immortality of Soul iii. xix. 546 The whole Matter of the Universe, and all the parts thereof, are ever upon Motion.

1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ iii. ii. §18 There must be an infinitely powerful..God, who must..put matter into motion.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Movement..signifies all those Parts of a Watch, Clock, or any such curious Engine which are in motion.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 116 Not a breeze, not a cloud which might be supposed to put all Nature thus into motion.

1841 W. T. Brande Man. Chem. (ed. 5) 337 All the effects we are about to describe depend..upon electricity in motion, or upon electric currents.

1841 R. Willis Princ. Mechanism 18 Each of which is so connected with the frame-work of the machine, that when in motion every point of it is constrained to move in a certain path.

1890 Cornhill Mag. Sept. 268 Fountains of perfumed water are set in motion.

1908 Aëronaut. Jrnl. Apr. 45/1 As soon as the propeller had been set in motion the apparatus dashed off towards Neuilly.

1955 B. Spock Baby & Child Care (1968) 186 Another baby who has become over-fatigued relaxes sooner if kept in gentle motion.

1984 E. Pawel Nightmare of Reason xii. 167 The second paragraph alone..contains five distinct references to people's hands in motion or at rest.

b. figurative and in figurative contexts. in motion: in a state of excitement, commotion, etc.; active, proceeding, in progress. to put (also set) in (also into) motion: to set going or working.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > in operation [phrase]

aworka1398

at work1549

in action1584

on foot1586

in motion1598

in operation1878

the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > cause to begin to act or operate

to put (also set) to worka1398

to put on work?1440

streek?a1500

setc1500

to put (also set) in (also into) motion1598

spring1598

to set offa1625

to put (also set) in work1626

to set (a-)going1705

start1822

to start up1865

to set in motion1890

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > confusion or disorder > commotion, disturbance, or disorder > in a state of commotion or disorder [phrase]

on steerc1480

the devil to paya1500

in (an) uproar1548

the devil rides on a fiddle-stick1598

in motion1598

the devil (and all) to doa1681

(all) the fat is in the fire1797

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. iii. 224 To keepe his anger still in motion .

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) i. ii. 185 Setting endeuour in continual motion .

a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iv. iii. 31 The want is, but to put those Powres in motion, That long to moue.

1680 W. Temple Ess. Advancem. Trade Ireland in Wks. (1731) I. 110 When Things are once in Motion, Trade begets Trade.

1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. vi. 192 Our people..observed..lights hurrying backwards and forwards in the fort, and other marks of the inhabitants being in great motion.

1773 Ann. Reg. 1772 94/2 We have now in our gaol sixteen rioters from Sudbury, and it is an alarming circumstance that the whole country seems in motion.

1804 G. Rose Diaries (1860) II. 139 My writ was moved for this day,..but my patent was not put in motion.

1818 T. Jefferson Anas Pref. 4 Feb. in Writings (1903) I. 275 The machine of government, now suspended, might be again set into motion.

1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. ii. v. 197 They..who set a revolution in motion have not always the power to stop it.

1915 W. Cather Song of Lark iv. viii. 335 One had to marry somebody, after all the machinery had been put in motion.

1939 J. B. Morton Bonfire of Weeds viii. 171 This bell has only to be pushed to set the whole magical scheme in motion.

1960 Observer 20 Mar. 25 Suppose the Soviets lost control of events they had set in motion.

1989 Wine Spectator 31 Aug. 55/1 He had everything in motion even before the enabling legislation was passed.

1992 R. Rudolph Boys from New Jersey ii. iv. 66 The wheels that were put into motion by Alpha would eventually turn full circle a decade later.

c. American Football. in motion: (of an offensive player) moving after positions are assumed immediately prior to commencing a play. Chiefly in man in motion n. the single member of an offensive side entitled to move under these circumstances.

ΚΠ

1911 C. W. Short Digest Foot Ball Rules 18 Only one Offensive man in motion when putting ball in play.

1927 A. A. Stagg Touchdown! xiv. 312 I have employed this man in motion principle a lot and in a variety of maneuvers, using it first back in 1896.

1945 Man. Football Officiating 24 On spread formation, linesman must assist Referee on checking for back illegally in motion.

2000 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Electronic ed.) 21 Oct. Using a man in motion to draw the defense to the left, North' s Ganousis hit Justin Conner with a pass out of the backfield.

Compounds

† motion-bar n. Obsolete = motion block n.

ΚΠ

1871 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. Sept. 534 Flat guides, called motion-bars, or guide-bars.

† motion block n. Obsolete either of two parallel bars attached to the cylinder of a steam engine, between which the cross head of the piston slides; the part of the cross head which slides between these bars.

ΚΠ

1878 A. Rigg Steam Engine 128 The surfaces of motion blocks and side bars are found to wear exceedingly well when..efficient lubrication exists.

1887 G. C. V. Holmes Steam Engine 214 The guides or motion blocks..which prevent the end of the piston rod from being deflected as the connecting rod assumes an angular position.

motion blur n. the blurring of the image of a moving object in photographs, film, or video, which occurs when the motion is rapid in relation to film speed, or (in the case of stills) at low shutter speeds.

ΚΠ

1949 T. A. Longmore Med. Photogr. (ed. 4) ii. 222 Since geometric blur occurs in respect of every X-ray tube motional blur must always be considered coupled with geometric blur.]

1966 Jrnl. SMPTE 75 371/2 Nagel demonstrated..that the recorded motion blur is greater for an object against a bright background than for the same object against a dark background.

1984 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 222 107 We prefer the old mechanical Bolex H16-SBM 16 mm model because the opening angle of the shutter is variable (it can be reduced to reduce motion blur).

1993 Compute Jan. 148/2 Image-processing filters allow you to adjust brightness and contrast,..enhance edges and shadows, and add motion blur.

1999 Wired Nov. 273/1 He and his team have hacked ‘motion blur’ (the illusion of fluid, seamless movement) and ‘alfa blending’ (the ability to make objects look semitransparent).

motion capture n. (a) an optical illusion of motion; (b) a technique which allows movement to be recorded digitally; spec. one in which the movement of an actor is used to animate a computer-generated character in a film or video game; frequently attributive.

ΚΠ

1983 Vision Res. 23 5807/1 A low spatial frequency sine wave grating was then projected on this ‘noise’ and moved in step with the alternating random-dot patterns. This resulted in ‘motion-capture’—i.e. all the dots now seemed to move synchronously with the moving grating.

1990 IEEE Internat. Conf. Syst., Man & Cybernetics 550/1 Other known visual phenomena such as motion coherence, the barber pole phenomenon, and motion capture.

1992 New Scientist 3 Oct. 23/2 Another useful process is ‘motion capture’, which does for animation what laser scanning does for modelling.

1999 Proc. 3rd Internat. Conf. Visual Information & Information Syst. (Lect. Notes in Computer Sci. Vol. 1614) 349 Motion capture employs special sensors or markers to record the motion of a human performer by multiple cameras from different directions.

2012 Times (Nexis) 5 Apr. 40 The motion capture green screen and voiceover booths of a video game production studio.

motion day n. Law a day on which motions (sense 13c) are to be made.

ΚΠ

1846 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. June 414/1 Not a term or a motion day has been neglected.

1857 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 253/1 One evening after dinner..he began to read his briefs for the ensuing day, which was a ‘Motion’ day.

1904 E. Manson Builders of our Law (ed. 2) 229 Motion-day at the Rolls was a scene to be remembered.

1959 Earl Jowitt & C. Walsh Dict. Eng. Law II. 1196/2 In Chancery practice, if counsel is unable to make a motion on the day for which notice has been given, he is entitled, as a matter of right, ‘to save the motion’, that is, to adjourn it to the next motion day.

motion detector n. (a) a motion sensor; (b) Biology a cell or organ that is sensitive to movement.

ΚΠ

1968 Brit. Patent 1,120,3000 1/1 Motion detector for indicating when the velocity of a continuous body, such as a wire or belt, exceeds a certain minimum.

1968 Science 18 Oct. 377/1 These motion detectors [sc. neurons in the visual system of the monkey] have preferred directions.

1971 Science 22 Oct. 416/3 In unidirectional motion detectors such as the semicircular canals, the kinocilia of the receptor cells on a crista are all aligned in the same direction.

1977 U.S. News & World Rep. (Nexis) 8 Aug. 66 A high school in a troubled area of Brooklyn, N.Y., is rigged with electronically monitored motion detectors which can be set off by the slightest vibration after the school is closed for the day.

1994 Nature 30 June 712/1 To see whether such an anisotropic distribution of motion detectors could be related to the differences observed in human psychophysics, we introduced a similar anisotropy in a proposed network model of heading detection.

motion discomfort n. chiefly U.S. motion sickness; (also) vomit.

ΚΠ

1978 N. Sanders St. Merino Solution ii. ix. 106 Although the seat and cabin were bolted firmly to the ground we had to keep a bucket handy to catch the motion discomfort.

1995 Field & Stream (Nexis) May 24 A hangover—even a mild one—will only make matters worse. Fatigue and anxiety also increase the effects of motion discomfort. Get plenty of sleep, and allow yourself enough time for planning and travel.

motion discomfort bag n. euphemistic = sick-bag n. at sick adj. and n. Compounds 3.

ΚΠ

1984 Sat. Evening Post May 36/2 The motion-discomfort bag is basically, dishonest... Motion discomfort is when your leg falls asleep... I don't think the airlines would go for ‘throwing-up bag’.

1992 Independent 18 Apr. 35/2 If a bag bears the euphemism ‘motion discomfort bag’ instead of sick-bag, you can be sure the airline is from a country that speaks American.

motion-maker n. a person who makes formal proposal or legal petition.

ΚΠ

1652 Mercurius Democritus No. 8. 60 There is order given to the Arch-Duke of that place to get ready a Surloyne of Beefe,..and so to be received again into favour, and to be ever after that the only Motion-maker for Breakefasts.

1771 in Catal. Prints: Polit. & Personal Satires (Brit. Mus.) (1883) V. 36 The Sorry Motion Maker.

1778 Ld. Mansfield in J. Oldham Mansfield MSS (1992) I. 748 Defendant employed me as a Motion Maker.

1818 J. Bentham Church-of-Englandism 118 Of these same motion-makers, the third..is Earl Nelson.

1995 Palm Beach (Florida) Post (Nexis) 23 July 1 a The board is split in many other ways, of course. The liberal and the conservative. The feisty and the conciliatory. The motion-makers and the followers.

† motion-man n. Obsolete the worker or exhibitor of a puppet-show, a puppeteer.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > puppetry > [noun] > puppeteer

puppet player1601

puppet man1620

motion-man1631

puppet master1631

poppet-playera1656

poppet-shower1715

puppet-showman1715

puppeteer1915

marionettist1918

1631 B. Jonson Bartholmew Fayre i. v. 3 in Wks. II A Puppet-play..that I writ for the motion man.

a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 102 When truly all their Feats have been As well perform'd by Motion-men.

motion photography n. now rare the photographing of moving subjects, cinematography.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > [noun]

camerawork1858

chronophotography1895

filming1909

motion photography1912

picturizing1916

shooting1920

take1920

shoot1929

lensing1942

1912 F. A. Talbot Moving Pictures xxviii. 312 Motion photography as an educational force.

1913 Chambers's Jrnl. Sept. 688/1 In the early days the long exposure necessary rendered motion-photography well-nigh impossible.

1995 Independent 26 May 18/6 Charles Darrow had about as much claim to have invented Monopoly as William Friese-Greene did motion photography.

motion-rod n. rare a rod which communicates motion in a mechanism, piece of machinery, etc.

ΚΠ

1908 Westm. Gaz. 13 Feb. 4/2 Contained in this box is the damping mechanism, which is connected to the axle by suitable levers and motion-rods.

motion sensor n. a sensor that is sensitive to motion; a motion detector, esp. as (part of) a security device that can trigger a burglar alarm, or as an aid to positioning or navigation.

ΚΠ

1965 Science 2 Apr. (front matter) 2 A maze of potentiometers, vehicle motion sensors, and servos in the steering system.

1968 Sperry Rand Engin. Rev. 21 45/1 Doppler sonar is also a motion sensor that can be used aboard military and commercial surface vessels.

1986 Family Handyman Nov. 52/1 An infrared motion sensor automatically turns lights on an off as a person enters or leaves a room.

1993 Washingtonian June 127/1 The house has high-tech security: surveillance cameras, window-vibration detectors, motion sensors.

1997 Computer Music Jrnl. Summer 70/1 Radar and microwave motion sensors have also been occasionally used to measure the dynamics of musical performers.

motion sickness n. nausea and malaise, sometimes proceeding to vomiting and prostration, induced by motion (or simulated motion), esp. during travel by boat, plane, or automobile.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > [noun] > nausea > types of nausea

heartsickness1614

seasickness1625

sea-distempera1641

nausea1771

mal de mer1778

airsickness1784

morning sickness1844

pregnancy sickness1864

carsickness1867

trainsickness1876

motion sickness1881

travel sickness1900

space sickness1912

1881 J. A. Irwin in Lancet 26 Nov. 907/2 Sea-sickness, or Motion-sickness, as it might be more correctly termed—for not only does it occur on lakes and even rivers, but..a sickness identical in kind may be induced by various other motions than that of turbulent water.

1942 Sci. News Let. 12 Dec. 378/1 Air sickness can be prevented or cured if you know how. So can sea-sickness and the other kinds of motion sickness that attack men lurching over battlefields in tanks and jeeps.

1973 Times 1 Aug. 6/1 Still suffering from the motion sickness which has put their mission behind schedule, the three Skylab astronauts today started to tidy up the orbiting laboratory.

1995 Guardian 30 Mar. (OnLine section) 3/5 The artificiality of VR scenes causes nausea and motion sickness in 60 per cent of users.

† motion-teacher n. Scottish Military Obsolete rare a drill instructor.

ΚΠ

1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem i. 7 The out-law Whiggs..wanted Order and Array; Their Officers and Motion-teachers Were very few, beside their Preachers.

motion video n. digital video data that provides moving pictures and may be transmitted or stored (on videodisc, etc.) for subsequent reproduction on a computer or DVD player.

ΚΠ

1978 Proc. 8th Ann. Frontiers in Educ. Conf. (IEEE) 454 This system provides interactive computer instruction at a fairly sophisticated level using a terminal that can display still and motion video pictures as well as alpha numeric data.

1983 Computerworld (Nexis) 31 Jan. 74 Sixty-six percent of those revenues, or $81.4 million, will be attributed to motion video teleconferencing rooms.

1994 B. Cotton & R. Oliver Cyberspace Lexicon 85/1 Motion video requires at least 25..frames to be displayed every second.

2000 DigitalFoto Oct. 82/2 Apple's QTVR brings photo-interactivity to life, blurring the line between still photography and motion video.

† motion watch n. Scottish Obsolete rare a watch with a clockwork movement.

ΚΠ

1646 J. Hope Diary in Misc. Sc. Hist. Soc. (1958) IX. 167 In the litle pocketts of my clothes my motione watch.

† motion wheel n. Obsolete the balance wheel of a clock or watch.

ΚΠ

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 362/1 The Second..is termed the Ballance Wheel of a Clock... Some call it the Wauch Wheel, or Motion Wheel.

1765 Ann. Reg. 1764 i. 79/1 Two motion wheels [in a watch].

motion work n. the mechanism for moving the hands of a clock or watch.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [noun] > part(s) of

nut1428

peise1428

plumbc1450

Jack1498

clockwork1516

larum1542

Jack of the clockhouse1563

watch-wheel1568

work1570

plummeta1578

Jack of the clock1581

snail-cam1591

snail-work1591

pointer1596

quarter jack1604

mainspring1605

winder1606

notch-wheel1611

fusee1622

count-wheel1647

jack-wheel1647

frame1658

arbor1659

balance1660

fuse1674

hour-figure1675

stop1675

pallet1676

regulator1676

cock1678

movement1678

detent1688

savage1690

clock1696

pinwheel1696

starred wheel1696

swing-wheel1696

warning-wheel1696

watch1696

watch-part1696

hoop-wheel1704

hour-wheel1704

snail1714

step-wheel1714

tide-work1739

train1751

crutch1753

cannon pinion1764

rising board1769

remontoire1774

escapement1779

clock jack1784

locking plate1786

scapement1789

motion work1795

anchor escapement1798

scape1798

star-wheel1798

recoil escapement1800

recoiling pallet1801

recoiling scapement1801

cannon1802

hammer-tail1805

recoiling escapement1805

bottle jack1810

renovating spring1812

quarter-boy1815

pin tooth1817

solar wheel1819

impulse-teeth1825

pendulum wheel1825

pallet arbor1826

rewinder1826

rack hook1829

snail-wheel1831

quarter bell1832

tow1834

star pulley1836

watch train1838

clock train1843

raising-piece1843

wheelwork1843

gravity escapement1850

jumper1850

vertical escapement1850

time train1853

pin pallet1860

spade1862

dead well1867

stop-work1869

ringer1873

strike-or-silent1875

warning-piece1875

guard-pin1879

pendulum cock1881

warning-lever1881

beat-pin1883

fusee-piece1884

fusee-snail1884

shutter1884

tourbillion1884

tumbler1884

virgule1884

foliot1899

grasshopper1899

grasshopper escapement1899

trunk1899

pin lever1908

clock spring1933

1795 J. Aikin Descr. Country round Manch. 311 They..excel in what is called motion-work, such as dial wheels, locking springs [etc.].

1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 179 In turret clocks, where the striking is not discharged by the motion work.

1984 Antiquarian Horol. Dec. 152/1 A cam..operates a rack..meshing with the cannon pinion of the sunrise motion work..on the left and a second rack operating the sunset motion work..on the right.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	motion
释义	motionn. Brit. /ˈməʊʃn/, U.S. /ˈmoʊʃ(ə)n/ Forms: Middle English mocien, Middle English mocione, Middle English mocioun, Middle English mocioune, Middle English mocyoun, Middle English moecion, Middle English morcyon (transmission error), Middle English moscyoun, Middle English motiun, Middle English–1500s mocyon, Middle English–1600s mocion, Middle English–1600s motyon, Middle English– motion, 1500s mocyone, 1500s moshon; Scottish pre-1700 mocion, pre-1700 mocione, pre-1700 mocioun, pre-1700 mocioune, pre-1700 mosion, pre-1700 mosioun, pre-1700 motione, pre-1700 motioun, pre-1700 motioune, pre-1700 motiown, pre-1700 1700s– motion. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French motion; Latin mōtiōn-, mōtiō. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman motion, mocion, moçoun motion, proposal, reason, cause, volition, instigation, and Middle French, French motion movement, motion (c1225 in Old French), trouble, agitation, civil unrest (14th. cent.), inner impulse or inclination (14th. cent.), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin mōtiōn-, mōtiō movement, motion, in post-classical Latin also revolt (9th cent.), movement of the bowels (c1240 in a British source), suggestion, impulse (from 14th cent. in British sources), legal application or proposal (from 14th cent. in British sources), motive, reason (14th cent. in a British source) < mōt- , past participial stem of movēre move v. + -iō -ion suffix¹.In philosophical use (compare sense 6d) after classical Latin mōtus (see mote n.³) or ancient Greek κίνησις. I. Senses relating to movement and change. †1. a. Political agitation, civil unrest; (hence) an uprising or revolt. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > public excitement > [noun] motiona1387 humour1579 mania1689 scene1764 sensation1765 agitation1769 society > authority > lack of subjection > unruliness > political unrest > [noun] stirringa1154 motiona1387 troublec1435 misrule1442 commotion1471 stir1487 misgovernment1565 welteringa1586 confusions1599 distemper1605 distemperature?1606 convulsion1643 unsettlement1649 upturning1846 upturn1864 the natives are restless1950 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 277 In token of þe mocioun [L. motionis] of Ierusalem, þat fel þre hondred ȝere afterward. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) vii. 268 (MED) The peeple..roos ageyn the kyng..But ther was oon bi whom the striff began, And was first ground of this gret mocioun. a1525 Coventry Leet Bk. 45 Dyssencions, stirrynges, and mocions haue byn had a-fore tyme..for certen comen. 1582 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1880) 1st Ser. III. 516 To contene thamselffis peciable..unattempting ony further motioun or trouble. 1697 J. Potter Archæologiæ Græcæ I. i. iv. 15 The State continu'd all that time unsettl'd, and in continual motions. b. Commotion, hubbub, noise. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > [noun] > outcry or clamour reamOE ropeOE brack?c1200 utas1202 hootinga1225 berec1225 noise?c1225 ludea1275 cryc1275 gredingc1275 boastc1300 utasa1325 huec1330 outcrya1382 exclamation1382 ascry1393 spraya1400 clamourc1405 shoutingc1405 scry1419 rumourc1425 motion?a1439 bemec1440 harrowc1440 shout1487 songa1500 brunt1523 ditec1540 uproar1544 clamouring1548 outrage1548 hubbub1555 racket1565 succlamation1566 rear1567 outcrying1569 bellowing1579 brawl1581 hue and cry1584 exclaiming1585 exclaim1587 sanctus1594 hubbaboo1596 oyez1597 conclamation1627 sputter1673 rout1684 dirduma1693 hallalloo1737 yelloching1773 pillaloo1785 whillaloo1790 vocitation1819 blue murder1828 blaring1837 shilloo1842 shillooing1845 pillalooing1847 shriek1929 yammering1937 a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. 3839 (MED) Thei [sc. poets] shold be quieet fro worldli mocioun And it sequestre out of ther remembraunce. c1475 (c1450) P. Idley Instr. to his Son (Cambr.) (1935) ii. B. 2217 (MED) What availleth hooly scripture and doctours techyng..When men in hir hertis haue noo deuocioun? It is but laboure lost and veyn mocioun. 2. Agitation, violent movement; spec. agitation or disturbance of a physical substance (esp. water); an irregular movement, shaking, oscillation (of a ship, vehicle, etc.). Also: excitement, perturbation, agitation (of the mind or feelings). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > [noun] excitation1393 motiona1398 concitation1534 erectiona1586 fermentationc1660 effervescence1744 effervescency1767 intumescence1775 electricity1796 electrization1798 sensation1807 electrification1835 bubblement1842 excitement1846 suscitation1870 exuberation1889 splash1899 rousedness1915 adrenaline1928 drama1930 the world > movement > motion in specific manner > irregular movement or agitation > [noun] winOE disturbance1297 perturbingc1395 motiona1398 stirrage1513 turmoil1526 disquietness1535 buskling1546 jumbling1562 agitation1569 working1575 tumult1580 commotion1592 emotion1594 turbulence1598 bransle1603 pother1603 tumultuousnessa1617 unevennessa1637 unquietudea1639 disquietal1642 tumbling1660 disquietude1709 rouse1764 maelstrom1834 peacelessness1852 stir-up1900 the mind > emotion > excitement > nervous excitement > [noun] fever1340 motiona1398 quotidian?a1439 rufflea1535 commotion1581 fret1582 hurry1600 puddering1603 tumultuousnessa1617 trepidation1625 feverishness1638 boilingc1660 fermentationc1660 tumult1663 ferment1672 stickle1681 fuss1705 whirl1707 flurry1710 sweat1715 fluster1728 pucker1740 flutter1741 flustration1747 flutteration1753 tremor1753 swithera1768 twitteration1775 state1781 stew1806 scrow1808 tumultuating1815 flurrification1822 tew1825 purr1842 pirr1856 tête montée1859 go1866 faff1874 poultry flutter1876 palaver1878 thirl1879 razzle-dazzle1885 nervism1887 flurry-scurry1888 fikiness1889 foment1889 dither1891 swivet1892 flusterment1895 tither1896 overwroughtness1923 mania1925 stumer1932 tizzy1935 two and eight1938 snit1939 tizz1953 tiswas1960 wahala1966 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 136^v Whanne a cloude is byforn anoþir, he is cause of tempest and of mocioun in þerþe. c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Linc. Cathedral 103) 79 (MED) Þe see..may be calm wiþoute mocioun [L. immotis], And sodanly..Wiþ tempest is it turned vp so doun. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Esdras vi. 14 There shal come a greate mocion [L. commotio], but y^e place where thou stondest shal not be moued. 1644 S. Kem Messengers Preparation 22 It's good stepping into the poole upon the motion of the waters. 1700 J. Dryden tr. G. Boccaccio Cymon & Iphigenia in Fables 542 Love..brushing o'er, adds Motion to the Pool. 1715 J. Gay What d'ye call It ii. viii. 33 Cease, cease, thou cruel Ocean, And let my Lover rest; Ah! what's thy troubled Motion To that within my Breast? 1771 T. Percival Ess. Med. & Exper. (1777) I. 127 The mixtures..seemed to have some little fermentative motion in them. 1798 S. T. Coleridge Anc. Marinere v, in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 32 But in a minute she [sc. the ship] 'gan stir With a short uneasy motion—Backwards and forwards half her length. 1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. iii, in Poems 117 His Groans now told the Motions of the Cart. 1864 C. Dickens Mrs. Lirriper's Legacy i, in All Year Round Extra Christmas No., 1 Dec. 7/1 Not much motion on the whole, though me with a swimming in the head..but able to take notice that the foreign insides appear..hollower than the English, leading to much more tremenjous noises when bad sailors. 1969 Jrnl. Inst. Navigation 22 327 Violent ship motions can be relieved by a reduction in ship speed to the point where synchronism occurs only with wavelengths which are too short to produce serious motions. 1991 Offshore Engineer Sept. 74/1 A considerable improvement in vessel rescue capabilities, particularly in stormy conditions when conventional monohull ships experience very severe motions. 3. †a. Power or capacity of movement (as a property of a person, etc.). Also: a human body as being capable of movement. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > bodily movement > [noun] > power or faculty of motiona1398 movinga1398 wieldinga1400 motricity1862 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 17 Þey [sc. angels] haueþ mocioun I-liche to god..for by here owne vertu hy meueþ to godward. c1535 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (Davidson) l. 111, in Shorter Poems (1967) 5 Thair remanyt nothir..Breth motione nor hetys nat[urale]. 1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. E7 No breath, nor sence, nor motion in them both. a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 120 This sensible warme motion, to become A kneaded clod. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 151 Devoid of sense and motion . View more context for this quotation 1698 T. Rokeby in Brief Mem. (1861) 62 I was taken with a very great indisposition... My motion in a manner wholly lost..I was necessitated to be carryed up staires. b. Voluntary or reflex movement in a human or animal body or its parts; muscular contraction; change of position of a substance, fluid, etc., within a human or animal body; an instance of this. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > bodily movement > [noun] movinga1398 stirringa1400 motion?a1425 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 155^v (MED) Þe forseid maister charged nouȝt of þe houres of mocioun or mouyng of humourez. 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 403 O neuer will I trust to speaches pend, Nor to the motion of a Schoole-boyes tongue. View more context for this quotation 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 740 Men..in their sleepe haue not so strong Tonnical motions as when they are awake. 1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. xxiii. 208 Zoophytes..in their partes..haue a distinct and articulate motion. 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. x. 67 Sound may mechanically cause a certain motion of the animal Spirits, in the Brains of those Birds..yet that can never be supposed a Reason, why it should cause mechanically..such a motion in the Organs of the Bird's voice, as should conform it to the Notes of a foreign Sound. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Animal Motion, is that whereby the Situation, Figure, Magnitude, &c. of the Parts, Members, &c. of Animals are changed. 1745 E. Young Complaint: Night the Eighth 27 The Love of Pleasure: That, thro' ev'ry Vein, Throws Motion, Warmth. 1803 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 10 433 This translation of sensation and motion to parts remote from the place where impressions are made. 1874 W. B. Carpenter Princ. Mental Physiol. (1879) 81 Sensations are excited by impressions,..and respondent motions are called forth. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiv. [Oxen of the Sun] 388 He had enjoined his heart to repress all motions of a rising choler. 1988 Update 15 Oct. 680/2 Real-time ultrasound allows motion to be observed, and therefore, it is possible to depict dynamically the change in position of the femoral head. c. The action of the body in walking, running, etc. Also: a manner of walking or stepping; gait, carriage. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > progressive motion > [noun] > specifically of animates motion1531 locomotion1646 the world > movement > progressive motion > walking > [noun] > manner of walking stepOE gangOE pacec1300 goinga1382 gait1509 motion1531 gature?1548 walk1567 gait-trip1582 tread1609 go1635 démarche1658 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour xx. i. sig. Kviii^v There was a kynde of daunsinge called Hormus,..wherin daunsed yonge men and maidens, the man expressinge in his motion and countenance, fortitude and magnanimitie. 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. 57 Quhen þir brethir war fechtand togiddir hand for hand, Nocht alanerlie apperit þe ythand mocioun of þare bodyis,..bot als þare rude and wide woundis. 1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 144 If it be true that the principall part of beautie is in decent motion. a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iii. iii. 58 The firme fixture of thy foote, would giue an excellent motion to thy gate, in a semi-circled Farthingale. View more context for this quotation 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 44 He had in his person, in his aspect, and countenance, the appearance of a great man, which he preserv'd in his gate and motion. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 4. ⁋6 Her Air has the Beauty of Motion, and her Look the Force of Language. 1794 W. Felton Treat. Carriages I. 76 The draught is much preferable when taken from a splinter bar, which yields to the motion and pull of the horse. 1888 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion (new ed.) V. xii. 79 The men..must be good horsemen, otherwise they could not obey the quick motion and turns of their horses. 1913 W. Cather O Pioneers! iv. vii. 267 When Frank was halfway to Hanover, the motion of his horse brought on a violent attack of nausea. 1993 Dressage & CT Apr. 26/3 The key for collection lies in the skill to ride the half-halt properly..and to use this unique tool in coordination with the horse's motion. †d. Physical, esp. strenuous, exercise or exertion. Also in plural. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [noun] > physical effort or force motion1568 coactiona1661 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > gymnastics > exercise > [noun] playeOE stirringa1400 laboura1530 exercisea1533 activity1542 motion1568 gymnastic1598 gymnastics1652 capriccio1665 grind1857 physical drill1873 ekker1891 physical jerks1917 daily dozen1918 workout1923 sexercise1942 1568 G. Skeyne Breue Descriptioun Pest viii. sig. B8^v Drink Iulepe, or opiate, conuenient with motione, frictione, & sic thingis as bringis furthe all contagione maist learnitly prescryuit. Obseruand alwayis that walking, motione and frictionis, debilitatis the spirits. 1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke i. xv. 18 The body being much weakened by vehement motion. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. vii. 129 When in your motion you are hote and dry. View more context for this quotation 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Ii1 By Ambages of diets, bathings, annointings, Medicines, motions, and the like, prolong life. View more context for this quotation 1689 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 318 His violent motion going up Shotover Hill on foot. 1695 J. Dryden in tr. C. A. Du Fresnoy De Arte Graphica Pref. p. l But that Poet was always in a Foam at his setting out, even before the Motion of the Race had warm'd him. e. A bowel movement (movement n. 12). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > defecation > [noun] purgationa1387 shitting1386 officec1395 outpassinga1398 subduction?a1425 easementa1438 cuckingc1440 siegea1475 evacuation?1533 stool1541 egestion1547 dunging1558 purging1579 stooling1599 cackc1600 motion1602 dejection1605 excretion1640 exclusion1646 purgament1650 exoneration1651 disenteration1654 orduring1654 crapping1673 passage1681 seat1697 opening1797 defecation1825 excreting1849 poopc1890 movement1891 job1899 shit?1927 crap1937 dump1942 soiling1943 gick1959 jobbie1981 pooh1981 1602 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor iii. i. 95 Shall I lose my doctor? No, he giues me the motions And the potions. 1766 C. Anstey New Bath Guide ii. ii. 14 We must swallow a Potion For driving out Wind after every Motion. 1786 R. Willan in Med. Communications 2 118 He had..two or three loose motions. 1843 R. J. Graves Syst. Clin. Med. x. 111 Those who are dissatisfied with less than two or three motions in the day. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 737 In sprue the motions are generally very frothy. 1933 A. E. Barclay Digestive Tract xii. 157 When the colon is examined after a motion, it is usually found to have been voided from the splenic flexure onwards. 1975 J. M. Naish Understanding your Bowels ii. 11 This signal from stomach to colon is known as the gastro-colic reflex and in some people is so powerful that they always have to pass a motion soon after a meal. 1991 D. Harper Train your Dog (BNC) 90 If you follow a similar path every day, then getting your dog to pass a motion will be easier to achieve by building on the previous training. 4. a. A visible (frequently expressive) movement of the human body or of a part of the body, a gesture; a change of posture; also in extended use. Formerly also: †a grimace or other grotesque facial expression; grimacing (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > bodily movement > [noun] > a bodily movement motiona1398 gesta1521 gesture1551 motioning1843 society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > [noun] > a gesture sign?c1225 abearc1350 countenancea1375 becka1382 motiona1398 signaclea1450 beckona1718 motioning1843 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 14^v Seraphin is alwey meueable aboute þinges þat longeþ to god..Alwey of busy mociens [L. motionis] þat flecchit not. c1570 Art of Music (BL Add. 4911) f. 24^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Motio(u)n Tactus..is ane continuall mocioun or ane chop witht the hand of the preceptour. 1608 G. Markham & L. Machin Dumbe Knight i. sig. B1^v In her lookes, Each motion hath a speaking maiesty. a1625 J. Fletcher Wild-goose Chase (1652) iii. i. 24 These Gim-cracks, made of Mops, and Motions. a1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 292 A Sermon was preach'd to the Jewes.., who are constrain'd to sit, till the houre is don; but it is with so much..spitting, humming, coughing & motion, that [etc.]. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 223 Speaking or mute all comliness and grace Attends thee, and each word, each motion formes. View more context for this quotation 1710 T. Ruddiman in G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneis (new ed.) Gloss. at Moup They say, that a mouse moups at cheese. The word is also applied to speaking, of those who for want of teeth have great difficulty, and make unusual motions of their mouth, that they may be understood. 1798 J. Baillie Tryal ii. ii, in Series Plays Stronger Passions I. 230 (stage direct.) Agnes making a slight motion of her hand to fasten some pin in her dress. 1807 W. Wordsworth Poems I. 15 Her household motions light and free, And steps of virgin liberty. 1813 Ld. Byron Bride Abydos ii. xxvi. 599 That hand—whose motion is not life—Yet feebly seems to menace strife—Flung by the tossing tide on high,..What recks it? though that corse shall lie Within a living grave? 1819 S. Cooper First Lines Pract. Surg. (ed. 4) I. ii. xviii. 474 By a slight motion of the hand backward. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Locksley Hall in Poems (new ed.) II. 94 And her eyes on all my motions with a mute observance hung. 1880 T. Hardy Trumpet-major I. ii. 31 But Anne, who always liked his news, pressed him to stay, with a tender motion of her lip as it played on the verge of a solicitous smile without quite lapsing into one. 1906 J. Galsworthy Man of Prop. i. v. 76 She was ever silent, passive, gracefully averse; as though terrified lest by word, motion, or sign she might lead him to believe that she was fond of him. 1944 S. Bellow Dangling Man (1963) 36 I saw her at the bowl and frowned at the quick motion with which she raised her arm and drank. 1992 N.Y. Times 12 Oct. b6/5 He even adopted Mr. Clinton's familiar pounding hand motions and his refrain, ‘We can do it’. b. A practised and regulated movement of the body; a step, gesture, or other movement acquired by training or practice. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > bodily movement > [noun] > a bodily movement > practised and regulated motion1531 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xxii. sig. L4 They must marke well the sondry motions & measures, which in true fourme of daunsing is to be specially obserued. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. vii. 85 + 2 The Scrimures of their nation He swore had neither motion, guard, nor eye, If you opposd them. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. iv. 269 He giues me the stucke in with such a mortall motion that it is ineuitable. View more context for this quotation 1650 J. Milton Tenure of Kings (ed. 2) 57 For Divines, if ye observe them, have thir postures, and thir motions no less expertly, and with no less variety then they that practice feats in the Artillery-ground. 1729 W. Law Serious Call xv. 267 Those antick and invented motions which make fine dancing. a1763 W. Shenstone Ess. in Wks. (1765) II. 141 As a race-horse hurts his motions by condescending to draw in a team. 1776 J. Hawkins in R. Southey Common-place Bk. (1851) 4th Ser. 566/2 The art of Orchesography, or denoting the several steps and motions in dancing by characters, was invented by M. Beauchamp. 1809 J. Roland Amateur of Fencing 98 I do not..recommend this motion to be adopted by young beginners, as it is apt to give rise to bad habits. 1867 C. Steedman Man. Swimming 93 There are four distinct kinds of motions for the arms, and the same number and kind for the legs, used in the common plain or breast-stroke. 1908 C. F. Holder Big Game at Sea vii. 118 This is known as ‘pumping’ from the up-and-down motion of the rod..; after some practice the motion is readily acquired, and the fish brought in with astonishing celerity. 1991 Sports View (U.S.) 97/1 Mastering the quick-step, the glide-step, the precision turns and exaggerated motions take time and dedication. c. Military. Each of the several successive actions of which a prescribed exercise of arms consists. Also in figurative context. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > drill or training > [noun] > weapon-training > manual exercise > prescribed movement motion1635 1635 W. Barriffe (title) Military discipline... Together with the motions which are to be used, in the exercising of a foot-company. 1718 Act New Hampsh. in Outing (1895) 27 78/2 To exercise them in motions, the use of arms, and shooting at marks. 1760 New Man. Exercises (ed. 3) 7 The Officers face to the Left-about in 3 Motions. 1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. Manual Exercise..consists in seven motions of the firelock... The motions in the manual exercise will, in future, be performed slower than heretofore, leaving three seconds between each motion. 1859 Field Exercise Infantry (rev. ed.) i. §4. 7 In order to supple the soldier..the following extension motions will be practised. 1918 E. S. Farrow Dict. Mil. Terms 395 Motion, a part of a movement in the manual of arms. Each movement is divided into motions to facilitate instruction of recruits. 1927 R. M. Scott in Oxf. Poetry 30 Scarcely disturbing with my vain attacks The sentries of your beauty's bivouacs, Put through my motions, a poor man-at-arms To show the efficacy of your charms. 5. a. More generally: the action or process of moving or being moved, with respect to place or position; (Mathematics) the condition of a body or a mathematical object such as a point, line, etc., when at each successive point in time it occupies a different position or orientation in space. Also as a count noun: an instance or variety of this (often distinguished according to direction, velocity, etc.).Originally used chiefly of the movement of celestial objects. motion of rotation n. the motion of a body which is rotating about an axis that is fixed relative to the body; the component of the motion of a body which can be so described, as distinguished from its motion of translation. motion of translation n. the motion of a body from one position in space to another; the component of the motion of a body that can be so described, as distinguished from its motion of rotation.Brownian, harmonic, perpetual, proper motion, etc.: see the first element. laws of motion: see law n.¹ 17b. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > [noun] stirringc888 pacec1300 wawingc1305 bestirring1340 movinga1382 movementa1393 startlinga1398 flittinga1400 motionc1425 shiftingc1440 agitation1573 motiveness1611 go1635 moment1641 remover1653 move1818 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. 1706 (MED) Tholome..telleth þe cause..of Eclips and coniunccioun, And whi þei falle by natural mocioun. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) ii. 2377 (MED) The childre off Seth..Fond first the crafft off heuenli mociouns. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 20241 (MED) For to sen..off euery sterre, Ther coursys and ther mociouns And ther reuoluciouns. 1570 H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. i. f. 3 A point, by his motion or draught, describeth a line. a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iii. ii. 24 We in your motion turne, and you may moue vs. View more context for this quotation 1629 P. Massinger Roman Actor ii. i. sig. D4 The motion of the Spheares are out of time Her musicall notes but heard. 1642 T. Fuller Holy State iv. ix. 277 Diogenes confuted him who denyed there was any motion, by saying nothing but walking before his eyes. 1653 R. Gentilis tr. F. Bacon Nat. & Exper. Hist. Winds 361 Let the seventeenth Motion be the Spontaneall or Willing Motion of Rotation or wheeling. 1701 N. Grew Cosmol. Sacra i. i. §32 The two Visible Parts of the Universe are Matter and Motion. 1723 J. Clarke tr. Rohault's Syst. Nat. Philos. I. i. xxiii. 165 The Particles of the Water having less Motion, than our Bodies have in all those Parts which are near the Heart, they receive some Motion from us. 1734 R. Seymour Compl. Gamester (ed. 5) i. 128 The Bishop has a Motion hard to be described upon Paper; it is neither directly forward, nor altogether sideways. 1805 W. Herschel in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 95 235 The rotatory motion of the sun..must certainly be allowed to indicate a motion of translation in space. 1812 J. Playfair Outl. Nat. Philos. I. Introd. 8 No body loses motion in any direction, without communicating an equal quantity to other bodies in that same direction. 1839 H. Moseley Astron. xiv. 45 This mass, when left to itself, will have two motions, one a motion of translation,..the other,..a motion of rotation. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 150 The motion..was circular, as in the motion of a top. 1883 Encycl. Brit. XV. 687/1 We must now consider the composition of simple harmonic motions in directions at right angles to each other. 1931 A. Uttley Country Child iv. 63 She could feel the earth moving, a great majestic motion. 1969 Jrnl. Inst. Navigation 22 352 Very few individuals can read a map quickly without first orienting it in the direction of motion. 1992 In-Fisherman Feb. 59/1 The sidearm cast requires a rock-skipping motion. b. A piece of mechanism which itself moves, or which sets other pieces moving or modifies their motion; spec. the mechanism which operates the steam distribution valve in a steam engine, esp. on a locomotive. Formerly also: †the movement of a watch (obsolete).Attested earliest in figurative context.parallel, perpetual motion: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > time > instruments for measuring time > watch > [noun] > parts of barrel1591 motion1605 bezel1616 fusee1622 string1638 crown wheel1646 out-case1651 watch-box1656 nuck1664 watchwork1667 balance-wheel1669 box1675 dial wheel1675 counter-potence1678 pendulum-balance1680 watch-case1681 pillar1684 contrate teeth1696 pinion of report1696 watch-hook1698 bob-balance1701 half-cock1701 potence1704 verge1704 pad1705 movable1709 jewel1711 pendant1721 crystal1722 watch-key1723 pendulum spring1728 lock spring1741 watch-glass1742 watch-spring1761 all-or-nothing piece1764 watch hand1764 cylinder1765 cannon?1780 cannon1802 stackfreed1819 pillar plate1821 little hand1829 hair-spring1830 lunette1832 all-or-nothing1843 locking1851 slag1857 staff1860 case spring1866 stem1866 balance-cock1874 watch-dial1875 balance-spring1881 balance-staff1881 Breguet spring1881 overcoil1881 surprise-piece1881 brass edge1884 button turn1884 fourth wheel1884 fusee-sink1884 pair-case1884 silver bar1884 silver piece1884 slang1884 top plate1884 karrusel1893 watch-face1893 watch bracelet1896 bar-movement1903 jewel pivot1907 jewel bearing1954 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > mechanism > [noun] > part of > which sets other parts moving motion1605 motor1656 messenger1929 servo motor1932 1605 S. Daniel Trag. Philotas iii. ii. sig. D2^v This great motion of a state we see Doth turne on many wheeles. 1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis 33 in Sylua Syluarum Engines for Multiplying and Enforcing of Windes, to set also on going diuerse Motions. 1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis 42 in Sylua Syluarum Wee have divers curious Clocks; And other like Motions of Returne: And some Perpetuall Motions. 1678 London Gaz. No. 1315/4 A silver Watch with several motions. 1682 True Protestant Mercury No. 151. 2/2 Two silver Watches, the one a large one with a rising motion. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Motion is also used among Mechanics, for the Inside of a Watch, &c. more commonly call'd Movement. ?1793 Catal. Optical Instruments (W. & S. Jones) 2 Reflecting telescopes..with rack-work motions. 1894 Times 23 Mar. 4/6 The engine-driver..might know whether the line was clear even..while he was oiling the motion. 1949 A. C. Walshaw Heat Engines (ed. 3) xi. 245 Make sketches to show the principle underlying Stephenson's link motion for the reversing of steam engines. 1966 O. S. Nock Brit. Steam Railway Locomotive v. 55/1 The earliest engines..had 8 in. diameter piston valves, actuated by Walschaerts gear, and the Gresley conjugated motion for the middle cylinder. 1987 Railway World Nov. 654/3 The motion on SMR engines is already tested for fatigue or stress cracks on a three-yearly basis. †c. The action of moving something or setting something in movement; the fact of being moved. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > [noun] > fact of being moved or set in motion moval1632 motion1667 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 592 And see the Guards, By mee encampt on yonder Hill, expect Thir motion, at whose Front a flaming Sword, In signal of remove, waves fiercely round. View more context for this quotation 6. a. The process or course of life, time, fate, etc. Also in plural. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > continuity or uninterruptedness > [noun] > continuous succession motionc1425 coursec1460 discourse1541 discurse?1549 current1587 running1662 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) v. 2625 (MED) Þoruȝ age now I am brouȝt lowe, And þoruȝ naturis kyndly mocyoun Am wexe feble of wyt. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 12385 (MED) Thy lyff..Ys lyk a cercle that goth aboute..But yet, in al hys mocyoun, He hath noon Exempcioun. 1655 Ld. Orrery Parthenissa III. iii. 211 I will goe rather Madam, and implore the Gods either to hasten the motions of Tyme, or retard those of my impatiency. 1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 8 Heav'n, has to all allotted, soon or late, Some lucky Revolution of their Fate: Whose Motions, if we watch and guide with Skill [etc.]. 1822 Ld. Byron Heaven & Earth i. iii, in Liberal 1 178 Nor years, nor heart-break, nor time's sapping motion. 1958 E. Heller Ironic German vi. 241 Thomas Mann was..well prepared for ‘the mystery of the revolving sphere’ by Schopenhauer's philosophy of the eternal nunc stans which resides at the centre of the illusory motion of Time. †b. Change of abode; an instance of this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > [noun] > change of residence flittingc1175 removinga1425 remove1555 removal1605 motion1634 flit1835 move1853 shift1871 locomutationa1884 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 130 Hee seldome resides in Cities, or any one place long, but affects perpetuall motion. c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1643 (1955) II. 82 Which had been a greate Cause of my perpetuall motions hitherto betweene Lond: and Wotton. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Staff. 46 William Gifford..was a man of much Motion. †c. figurative. Advancement, promotion. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > career > [noun] > promotion or upgrading advancementc1325 promotion?a1425 promoving1496 motion1641 lift1711 upgrading1920 bump1949 the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [noun] > rise in prosperity, power, or rank > advancement or promotion of a person furtheringc1000 vancement1303 advancementc1325 promotion?a1425 vauncingc1426 advance1440 furtherancec1440 preference1456 prefermentc1465 forwardness1591 preferency1602 motion1641 promoval1653 1641 W. Mountagu in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 288 The lawyers also must have their motions: Banks must be Baron and Lord Treasurer, the Attorney Chief Justice. d. Philosophy. Any kind of change; becoming. Now chiefly historical.In philosophical discourse, the term local motion was formerly used to distinguish change of place from other kinds of change. Cf. local motion n. at local adj. and n. Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > [noun] wendingeOE changing?c1225 stirringa1240 wrixlinga1240 changec1325 variancec1340 transmutationc1380 varyingc1380 whileness1382 translationc1384 alterationa1398 mutationa1398 removinga1425 revolutiona1425 shiftingc1440 changementc1450 muance1480 commutation1509 altry1527 transition1545 turning1548 novation1549 immutation?c1550 alterance1559 alienation1562 turn?1567 vicissitude1603 refraction1614 fermentationa1661 diabasis1672 parallax1677 motion1678 aliation1775 transience1946 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. i. 50 To assert that..Life and Sense, Reason and Understanding, were really nothing else but Local Motion. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The antient Philosophers consider'd Motion in a more general and extensive Sense. They defined it by a Passage out of one State into another; and thus made six Kinds, viz. Creation, Generation, Corruption, Augmentation, Diminution, and Lation, or Local Motion. 1880 Princeton Rev. 1 252 In his first and principal argument in support of the Being of God, St. Thomas adopts the doctrine of Aristotle, that motion implies a mover who is himself moved by no one. 1961 G. Smith & L. H. Kendzierski Philos. of Being 22 You may describe motion in three ways: (1) bricks become a house; (2) something not-a-house becomes a house; (3) bricks, which are not a house, become a house. 7. An action or movement on the part of a person or body of people. a. to make a motion: to start or be about to do something; to begin to move or make a movement (towards or to do something). Also (in quot. 1633): †to lead on or allude to something (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > bodily movement > move the body or a member [verb (intransitive)] > make a move > to do something to make a motion1580 motion1747 1580 A. Saker Narbonus ii. 60 Then must thou be sworne to their seruice, and wedded to their willes: not so much then, as a looke awry, or make a motion to laugh, vnlesse to please their fancies. 1633 G. Herbert Holy Script. in Temple ii. i This verse marks that, and both do make a motion unto a third, that ten leaves off doth lie. 1709 Tatler No. 43. ⁋11 The French Army had laid Bridges over the Sharp, and made a Motion as if they intended to pass that River. 1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 368 About an Hour after they made a Motion to attack us again. 1800 E. Hervey Mourtray Family III. 204 She made a motion towards the door. 1898 E. N. Westcott David Harum xiv. 133 His companion, who so far had taken no part, made a motion to interfere, but John..caught him by the collar. 1915 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Island iv. 33 Several times I saw her make a motion as if to cross over to us, but she never did it—too shy, I suppose. 1990 M8 Dec. 31/1 The rhythm section of Steve and Lawrence, plus myself decide to seek refuge in one of the backstage rooms, as Fatima Mansions are making motions towards soundchecking. 1993 R. Rankin Bk. of Ultimate Truths (BNC) 55 A fearsome warlike apparition flung a horn beaker aside and rose to his feet, making motions towards his sword belt. †b. In plural (formerly also in singular). Activities or movements on the part of a person or body of people, esp. when in pursuit of a goal; esp. the movements of an army in the field. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > a proceeding > [noun] > proceedings or doings workingOE workOE workOE doingsa1387 practica1475 gearc1475 proceeding1524 practice1547 activity1570 courses1592 acting1596 motion1667 ongoings1673 energies1747 deed1788 movement1803 1667 Haddington Burgh Rec. 30 Apr. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) To goe to the coast and attend the motion of the enemie. 1693 Humours & Conversat. Town 24 Whose motions she has always as certain advice of as a Commander has of those of an Enemy. 1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. xiv. 438 That his coming into Zeeland, and his continuance there, was known to Cromwell, with all the particulars of his Motion. 1705 G. Stanhope Paraphr. Epist. & Gospels I. 298 Joseph taking the Advantage of the Night to conceal his Motions, went away with Jesus and the Virgin, and dwelt in Egypt. 1769 W. Robertson Hist. Charles V II. iv. 272 All the Emperor's motions depending on himself alone, were more brisk and better concerted. 1773 Ld. Elibank Let. 21 Aug. in J. Boswell Jrnl. Tour Hebrides (1852) 141 I hope my friend Boswell will inform me of your motions. 1775 R. B. Sheridan St. Patrick's Day i. ii My chief business with you is to watch the motions of a rake-helly fellow here. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth viii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 192 He had associated himself to the Smith, whose motions he had watched for the purpose of joining him. 1896 Dict. National Biogr. XLVI. 280/1 Poyntz..was ordered after Naseby to follow the king's motions, and succeeded in forcing him to an engagement at Rowton Heath, near Chester. †8. a. A show, an entertainment; spec. a puppet-show. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > puppetry > [noun] > puppet-show puppet play1565 puppet show1574 motion1589 drollerya1616 poppet-play1633 poppet-show1650 drolla1657 poppy-show1691 fantoccini1771 1589 ‘Pasquill of England’ Returne of Pasquill sig. Biij^v Pompes, Pagents, Motions, Maskes. 1592 T. Kyd Spanish Trag. iv. sig. I4 To entertaine my Father with the like: Or any such like pleasing motion. 1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor ii. i. sig. Fii^v They say there's a new Motion of the citie of Nineueh, with Ionas and the Whale, to be seene at Fleet-bridge. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iii. 95 Then hee compast a Motion of the Prodigall sonne. View more context for this quotation 1633 in A. F. Johnston & M. Rogerson Rec. Early Eng. Drama: York (1979) I. 592 Item that no Iuggler Trumpetters, drumers..nor any such as goe aboute with Motions or showes shall att any tyme bee suffered to practize in this Citty without lycense of the Lord Maiour. 1677 London Gaz. No. 1170/4 All Persons exposing publickly any Shows, Motions, Stage-Playes, or strange Sights. 1678 Norwich Court-Bks. 21 Dec. (1905) 152 Oliver Batt licensed to show a motion called ‘Arte and Vartue’. 1823 W. Hone Anc. Myst. Described viii. 231 The English puppet-show was formerly called a motion... In 1818, a man..‘compassed a motion of the Prodigal Son’ by dancing his transparencies between the magnifying glass and candle of a magic lanthorn. b. A puppet. Also used derisively of a person. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > one who is unimportant > puppet or toy hackneya1500 toy1573 creature1587 puppet1592 motion1602 baublea1616 plaything1680 dummy1866 society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > puppetry > [noun] > puppet poppin1440 mammet1461 puppet1538 poppet1551 motion1602 puppy1640 neurospast1642 marionettea1645 poupée1785 fantoccini1791 scaramouch1815 shadow figure1851 Judy puppet1897 shadow puppet1923 rod puppet1930 string puppet1937 the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > (a) means > person as > mere stale1580 creature1587 puppet1592 motion1602 property1611 looma1650 tool1663 cat's-foot1675 cat's paw1785 paw1824 dummy1866 stooge1937 1602 B. Jonson Poetaster iii. iv. sig. F3^v What's he, with the halfe Armes there, that salutes vs out of his cloake, like a Motion ? View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) ii. i. 89 Oh excellent motion; oh exceeding Puppet. a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 375 He is a motion generatiue, that's infallible. View more context for this quotation 1616 B. Jonson Epicœne iii. iv, in Wks. I. 558 Did you thinke you had married a statue? or a motion, onely? View more context for this quotation a1625 J. Fletcher Rule a Wife (1640) ii. 14 Goe, finde me out this man, and let me see him, If he be that motion that you tell me of, And make no more noise, I shall entertaine him. a1639 S. Marmion Antiquary (1641) i. i This travelling motion has been abroad in quest of strange fashions. 1664 T. Killigrew Parsons Wedding iv. i, in Comedies & Trag. 121 One that never..sleepes in a whole skin, but is taken to pieces like a Motion, as if she were too long. 1745 J. Swift Ode to Sir W. Temple in Misc. X. 198 As in a Theatre the Ignorant Fry, Because the Cords escape their Eye Wonder to see the Motions fly. 9. Music. †a. Tempo. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > duration of notes > tempo > [noun] timing?1578 motion1597 movement1683 tempo1724 motivo1876 time1878 1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 178 If the subiect be light, you must cause your musicke go in motions, which carrie with them a celeritie or quicknesse of time, as minims, crotchets and quavers: if it be lamentable, the note must goe in slow and heavie motions, as semibreues, breues and such like. 1614 T. Ravenscroft Briefe Disc. Musicke 14 They who aright vnderstand Poetry, and Musicke shall be Iudges, who knowe the Measure to bee all one, and the differences of the Motion to bee according to each Rule, or according to the discretion of them that Sing, or Reade them. 1614 T. Ravenscroft Briefe Disc. Musicke 18 Almayne Time..is as a Duple to the Lesse Prolation; that is, a Motion as swift againe, as the Lesse Prolation is of, in his owne Naturall Tact. 1660 J. Playford Brief Introd. Skill Musick (ed. 3) i. 33 This Mood..is of two Motions, the one slow, the other more swift. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Motion, in Songs compos'd in double Time, differs from those in triple Time. 'Tis the Motion that distinguishes Courants and Sarabands, from Gavots, Borees, Chacones, &c. 1740 J. Grassineau tr. S. De Brossard Musical Dict. 145 The Motion in songs composed in double or common time differs from that of those in triple time. b. (a) The melodic progression of a single part with reference to the intervals taken by it; an instance of this; see conjunct adj. 7, disjunct adj. 3; (b) the progression of two or more parts with relation to each other (for parallel, direct, similar, oblique, contrary motion: see the first element). ΚΠ 1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 177 If you woud haue your musicke signifie hardnes, cruelty or other such affects, you must cause the partes proceede in their motions without the halfe note, that is,..by whole notes, sharpe thirdes, sharpe sixes and such like. 1730 Short Treat. Harmony 4 Oblique Motion, called by the Italians Moto Obliquo; which is, when Either Part keeps on in the same place, whilst the other moves Upwards or Downwards. 1740 J. Grassineau tr. S. De Brossard Musical Dict. 145 Moto,..is a term that has many significations in music; sometimes it means only a motion or passage from one note to another... Sometimes it regards the quickness and slowness of such motion, as a brisk, slow, lively or languid motion. 1879 W. S. Rockstro in G. Grove Dict. Music II. 88 He [sc. Biordi] has used the diminished fourth in disjunct motion. 1880 G. Grove Dict. Music II. 377 The motions of a single part are classified according as the successive steps do or do not exceed the limits of a degree of the scale at a time, the former being called ‘disjunct’ and the latter ‘conjunct’ motion. 2001 New Grove Dict. Music (Electronic ed.) at Motion from an inner voice The simplest function this line can perform is to delay the motion of the upper voice in the opposite direction, i.e. descending. †10. Fine Art. Harmony in design or composition. Cf. movement n. 6. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > work of art > [noun] > arrangement of parts > harmonious motion1598 repose1695 1598 R. Haydocke tr. G. P. Lomazzo Tracte Artes Paintinge i. 23 By Motion, the Painters meane that comelines, and grace in the proportion and disposition of a picture, which is also called the spirite and life of a picture. 11. Mathematics. A reversible linear transformation of three-dimensional space; spec. one varying continuously with time, representing the movement of a body. ΚΠ 1884 Proc. London Math. Soc. 16 21 A motion is defined as a linear transformation not altering the absolute. 1933 L. P. Eisenhart Continuous Groups of Transformations ii. 80 The group of motions in the euclidean plane is primitive. 1988 Nature 2 June 420/1 In continuum mechanics the [following] transformation..is called the motion. 1995 Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 121 212 For N > 2 such a Euclidean motion is not necessarily a translation. II. Senses relating to inner impulses or mental activities. 12. a. An inner prompting or impulse; instigation or incitement from within; a desire or inclination (to or towards). Also: a stirring of the soul, an emotion; passion. Now only in of one's own motion and variants: see Phrases 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > [noun] > an emotion affection?c1225 passiona1250 motionc1390 feelinga1413 feelc1485 motivec1485 stirring1552 emotive1596 emotion1602 resentment1622 sentiment1652 sensation1674 flavour1699 aftertaste1702 pathy1837 the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > [noun] > prompting of stirring?c1225 motionc1390 puncture?a1425 movementc1485 c1390 G. Chaucer Melibeus 2429 Youre conseil..ne sholde nat..be called a conseillyng but a mocioun [v.rr. mocion, mentioun, monition] or a moeuyng of folie. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 1144 (MED) Kyng Priamus..Gan þus to schewe his hertis mocioun. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) ii. 877 (MED) This bodi must haue a soule off liff To quyke the membris with gostli mociouns. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 238 All his mocions inclined to vertu. a1500 ( Vision E. Leversedge in Notes & Queries Somerset & Dorset (1905) 9 28 (MED) I..withstodist the temptacions of the deuels and contrarions of the mocions. ?1504 M. Beaufort tr. Thomas à Kempis Ful Treat. Imytacyon Cryste (Pynson) iv. vii. 269 So full of mocyons and concupyscences [L. tam plenus concupiscentiarum motibus]. ?1571 tr. G. Buchanan Detectioun Marie Quene of Scottes sig. Gj^v Thay are not gouerned by aduised reason, but carried by violent motion. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. ii. 6 Whereas vnto mens inward cogitations, vnto the priuie intents and motions of their harts, religion serueth for a bridle. 1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 35 He that standeth at a stay when others rise, can hardly avoid motions of envie. a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) i. iii. 330 Wee haue reason to coole our raging motions . View more context for this quotation 1625 F. Bacon Love in Ess. (1895) 449 There is in Mans Nature, a secret Inclination, and Motion, towards loue of others. a1680 S. Charnock Wks. (1684) I. Suppl. 7 Good motions cherish'd will spring up in good actions. 1692 tr. C. de Saint-Évremond Misc. Ess. 9 Whether he Kill'd his Sons by a motion of Heroick Vertue. 1718 Mem. Life J. Kettlewell iii. cx. 464 He got the Mastery of his Passions, and brought the Motions of his Mind into Subjection to the Law of Christ. 1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. i. 11 The natural Love of Life gave me some inward Motions of Joy. 1739 A. Pope Let. 7 July (1956) IV. 187 You have often rebuked me for talking too much of myself & my own Motions, & it is surely more triffling & absurd to write them, than to talk them. †b. spec. A prompting or impulse originating from God, esp. a working of God in the soul. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > soul > [noun] > working of God in motionc1460 c1460 in R. Brotanek Mittelengl. Dichtungen MS 432 Trin. Coll. Dublin (1940) 117 (MED) Þus, a gayne all naturall disposicioun, To se a bere to seke his owne game, But if it were of goddis mocioun, Þat he shuld do þe dogges shame. 1526 Pylgrimage of Perfection (de Worde) f. 19 That all our actes and dedes be ordred and wrought after the inclynacyon or mocyon of grace. 1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Celebr. Holye Communion f. xxxi^v That..wee maye euer obeye thy Godlye mocions. 1670 I. Walton Life J. Donne 37 in Lives God..mark'd him with..a blessing of obedience to the motions of his blessed Spirit. 1769 H. Brooke Fool of Quality IV. xvii. 25 Abandoned of God, and unvisited by his gracious motions in the heart. 13. a. A formal proposition or proposal put before a committee, council, legislature, etc. Formerly also (now spec. in sense 13c): a formal request or legal petition.In quot. 1422: †a formal charge or complaint (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > procedure of parliament or national assembly > [noun] > proposal to be debated or voted on motion1422 question1549 vote1641 1422 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 141 (MED) Be mocion of Richard Whityngton..he seid to the Breweres that they had reden yn to the Contre and forstalled malt. 1448 in S. A. Moore Lett. & Papers J. Shillingford (1871) 71 (MED) A mocyon that the controverse might be compromyssed. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn 2593 (MED) Atte first mocioune þat he begynnyth to meve, Ther stondith vp an hundrit, hym to repreve. 1563 Orig. Jrnls. House of Commons 16 Jan. 1 f. 217^v A motyon made by a burgess at length for the succession. 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 367 A generall counsell..in the which Aristides made a motion, that all the cities of Greece should [etc.]. 1605 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1889) IV. 278 The mocion of 20 to be added to the Councell shalbe assented vnto. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables cccix. 271 And upon this Ground, there was a Motion put up, for Changing the Monarchy into a Republique. 1710 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1889) III. 84 I mov'd that it might be bought for the Publick Library. My Motion not listen'd to. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 298. ¶5 The Motion being made, and the Question being put. 1776 Ann. Reg. 1775 118/2 The motion..was carried upon a division..by the majority of sixty. 1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece* (new ed.) IV. xxxiv. 334 This motion was carried. 1880 J. McCarthy Hist. our Own Times III. xliv. 327 The motion was never pressed to a division. 1945 W. S. Churchill Victory (1946) 67 The Opposition proposed a Motion for a Select Committee and the House rejected it. 1958 B. L. Montgomery Mem. (1961) 408 They had now tabled a motion that, when unanimous agreement in the Council was not possible, each zone might act as it thought best. 1988 S. Quinn Mind of her Own ii. 42 Bebel introduced a motion in the Reichstag to grant suffrage to women. b. gen. A proposal, suggestion, or petition; an opinion, a counsel; an instigation, prompting, or instruction. Now spec. in senses 13a and 13c. Formerly also: †the action of moving, prompting, or urging a person to do something, or that something be done (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > incitement or instigation puttingOE sleatinga1122 eggingc1200 pricking?c1225 enticement1303 movinga1382 eggmentc1386 stirring1399 instinct1412 instigationc1422 motiona1425 provocationa1425 coyingc1440 ertingc1440 tollingc1440 artation1441 incitation1477 instinction1490 inhortationc1503 stimulation1526 abetment1533 onsetting1541 provokement?1545 incitament1579 stirring?c1580 irritation1589 incitement1594 spurring1611 to give foment to1613 fomenting1615 prompturea1616 proritation1615 urgea1618 exstimulation1626 fomentation1633 instinctment1661 spurning1672 impulsing1885 the mind > will > intention > planning > [noun] > a plan > a proposed plan or a project propositiona1382 present?a1400 motiona1425 pleaa1500 action1533 propose1568 project1582 proposala1629 projection1633 party1653 projecture1658 scheme1719 ad referendum1753 swim1860 action plan1889 a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) iv. 1291 Thise wordes..Nis but to shewen yow my mocioun To fynde unto oure help the beste weye. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 2257 (MED) Lat nat offende..Þat I am bolde to seie my mocioun. a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Harl. 4866) (1897) 4989 To god þi sone make a mocioun. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1876) VI. 15 (MED) Heraclius themperour..errede from the feithe thro the mocioun of Cirus, bischop of Alexandria. a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) 811 (MED) If ye considre..whethir þe mocione of him biganne. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 647/1 I opyn a mater, I make first mocyon of it, or breke a mater to one, je entame. 1539 E. Hord Let. 10 Feb. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. II. 131 Ye marvelle that I and my brotherne do nott frelye and..surrendure upe owr Howse at the mocyone off the Kyngs Commissinars. c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. (1821) I. 35 Ferlegus..be motioun of his familiaris..began to hate his eme. 1573 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1878) 1st Ser. II. 193 Having..theernist motioun and solistatioun of the Quenis majestie of Ingland. 1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. sig. ⁋5 To whom..a sealed booke was deliuered, with this motion, Reade this, I pray thee. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iii. 126 A Traueller..must alwayes at the first motion content these Rascals. 1682 J. Bunyan Holy War 19 Then they all with one consent said to this Bramble, do thou Reign over us. So he accepted the motion and became the King of the Town of Mansoul. View more context for this quotation 1720 D. Defoe Life Capt. Singleton 184 My Friend made a Motion to me, that we should desire Captain Wilmot to put us into the Sloop. 1773 Life Capt. Neville Frowde 26 The Mate applauded this Motion, and accordingly we went on shore. 1796 Hist. Ned Evans I. 21 Does she know..that I have been sent for, or was it only a mere motion of your own? c. Law. An application made to a court or judge by a party to an action or his counsel, to obtain some ruling or order of court (esp. an interlocutory injunction) necessary to the progress of the action. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > [noun] > complaint in respect of civil claim > written application to court > for action petition1463 motiona1726 showing1845 a1726 G. Gilbert Tenures (1757) 290 Upon motion to the court, it was agreed by the four justices, that [etc.]. 1729 G. Jacob New Law-dict. (at cited word) In the Courts of Chancery, King's Bench, &c. Motions are made by Barristers and Counsellors at Law, for what concerns their Clients Causes... One ought not to move for several Things in one Motion; and where a Motion hath been denied, the same Matter may not be moved again by another Counsel, without acquainting the Court thereof. 1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist III. xl. 89 He..quitted the bar in disgust because he had only one brief and a motion of course in ten years. 1927 C. Mortimer & H. H. Coates Law & Pract. Probate Div. (ed. 2) xvi. 416 Applications of this character are frequently called ‘motions to presume death’. 1973 Detroit Legal News 30 Aug. 1/4 There will be no assignment of cases for trial on September 12 & 13, and no hearing of motions on September 14, 1973. 2000 Bankruptcy & Personal Insolvency Rep. 320 Mr Justice Lloyd directed that this committal motion should come on for hearing before me. †14. A motive, a reason; a ground or cause of action; a provocation. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > motive achesounc1230 encheason1297 quarrel1340 occasionc1384 springa1398 motive?a1439 motionc1475 springa1500 respect1528 regard1579 moment1611 movent1651 umbrage1664 what makes (someone) tick1931 c1475 tr. A. Chartier Quadrilogue (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1974) 181 The light, chaungeable feith..of the subgites to this seigneurie was mocion [a1500 Rawl. movyngis] and encheson of the comyng of oure enemyes vpon vs. a1500 tr. A. Chartier Quadrilogue (Rawl.) (1974) 246 The mocion [c1475 Univ. Oxf. meeuing] of this werke was more labourid for compassion and necessite of the common wele thanne for presumpcion of vndirstonding. 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. ii. vii. 155 Þai war all resolute of ane mynde..; And for þir mociouns [L. proinde] desirit porsena [etc.]. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) iii. 21 Thai [sc. the English] ar, ande alse hes beene, the special motione, of the iniust veyris that hes trublit cristianite, thir sex hundretht ȝeir by past. 1570–1 Court Bk. Broughton & Canongate (1937) 326 The said Johne..straik him in the heid with are drawin quhinyear..without ony motioun or occasioun offerit be the said David thairto. 1658 in T. Burton Diary (1828) II. 354 They have openly and avowedly trod God's people under foot, on that very motion and account; that they were Protestants. †15. Persuasive force. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > [noun] > persuasiveness motion1533 persuasion1540 rhetoric1569 Suada1592 persuasiveness1611 suasiveness1727 1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. iv. xiiii. f. ccxli Towarde whyche conclusyon no pyece of his premisses hadde any maner of mocyon. a1591 H. Smith Serm. (1614) 265 If I had the wordes of motion to speake that which might be spoken of this matter, it would fright Iudas himselfe. Phrases P1. of one's own motion and variants [after post-classical Latin ex proprio motu ex proprio motu adv.] : of one's own accord (now chiefly archaic or Law). of one's mere motion: see mere adj.² 2. †of (a specified) motion: from (a specified) impulse or desire (obsolete). Cf. ex proprio motu adv., motu proprio adv. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > free will > [adverb] freelyeOE wilfullyc1000 by one's willOE of oneselfOE self-willesOE of one's own willOE willyOE with one's willc1175 voluntarilyc1374 wilfulc1380 of one's own heada1393 willea1400 willilya1400 of (free) voluntyc1402 of or at one's (own) voluntyc1402 of one's own motion1419 of (also by, with) one's (own) goodwill?a1425 on one's own heada1425 of (also by, on, upon) one's own accorda1450 activelyc1454 willinglyc1475 voluntary1480 liberallya1500 of one's own swinge1548 voluntariously1550 voluntarlyc1568 for favour1574 at voluntary1585 of, out of, upon, or at (a person's) own voluntary1585 selfly1595 motu proprio1603 ultroneously1627 unimposedly1647 spontaneously1660 needlessly1710 unmechanically1764 1419 Guildhall Let.-bk. in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 82 (MED) Your kynde and notable profre of an ayde, þe which ye han graunted vnto vs of your owne good mocion. 1462 J. Russe in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 286 The parson comyth not of hyse owyn mocyon. c1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Tiber.) 19495 Thanne was I greatly a-gaste..And seyde, off sodeyne moscyoun, ‘Bordoun’ [etc.]. 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes i. v. 11 The ladies them self of theyr propre mocion brought theyr jewellis. 1533 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) I. 370 Ye shall not moche nede to travayle..to procure answer other then of their owne mocyons they shall declare unto you. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 1211/2 He also of a godlie motion builded a conuenient roome in Pauls churchyard. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxxvii. 233 Ye choose not me, but I of mine owne voluntarie motion made choice of you. 1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 21 Not at the instance of any one, but of their own proper motions. 1683 London Jilt: 2nd Pt. 5 My Tobacco Man who had not the Civility to honour me of his own Motion, with any thing of value. 1730 J. Wesley Wks. (1830) I. 12 I do not say you would be too officious should you of your own motions seek out the persons that want your instructions. 1799 W. Godwin St. Leon III. vi. 140 I believed that they would of their own motion conceive a partiality for the friend of their mother. 1822 Ld. Byron Let. 27 Oct. (1980) X. 19 He once of his own free motion—offered me a thousand pounds..per Canto. 1890 ‘M. Field’ Tragic Mary v. i. 199 And paced of her own motion through the door. 1903 Expositor Apr. 268 Christ of his own motion went further afield. 1985 R. C. A. White Admin. of Justice ii. vi. 110 The Court of Appeal may also of its own motion refer the point to the House of Lords. P2. a. to make a motion: see sense 7a. b. to make a motion: to beckon, gesture to a person (to do something). Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > make gestures [verb (intransitive)] beckonc950 becka1300 wevec1325 playc1330 to make a countenancea1375 signc1520 token1535 gesture1542 starkle?1544 scrawl1582 gesticulate1609 annuate1623 to make a motion1719 wink1738 motion1788 1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 242 Upon this my Savage..made a Motion to me to lend him my Sword. 1743 J. Bulkeley & J. Cummins Voy. to South-seas 130 As soon as we discover'd them, we made Motions to them to come down. 1809 J. C. Cross Cora ii. vi, in Circusiana I. 96 Cora..forces the sabre, &c. gently from his grasp, and lays them at Ataliba's feet, making a motion to the warriors, who ground their arms. 1826 G. Daniel Disagreeable Surprise ii. ii. 37 (stage direct.) Flora and Maria make motions to Captain Wing'em, who, during the above conversation, keeps peeping through the door in the flat; he then comes forward. 1916 J. London Turtles of Tasman 99 I saw Charley and Joe hiding around the corner of the gymnasium and making motions to me. I went over to them. 1968 D. Ignatow Rescue Dead 34 I make motions to the ceiling to come down and make motions to the floor to open. c. to go through the motions: to simulate a specified action by appropriate gestures or movements; (hence) to do something perfunctorily or superficially, or without enthusiasm; to make a pretence of doing something. Frequently with of followed by a noun or gerundial phrase indicating the specified action. Also occasionally forming the noun phrase going-through-the-motions. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > simulation > simulate [verb (transitive)] belikec1275 counterfeitc1374 imitate1598 dissemble1697 to go through the motions1816 to mock up1914 1816 W. Scott Old Mortality x, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. II. 255 She pressed her handkerchief to her face, sobbed with great vehemence, and either wept, or managed, as Halliday might have said, to go through the motions wonderfully well. 1824 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 1st Ser. III. 27 Going through the motions of breakfast-eating. 1850 ‘M. Tensas’ Odd Leaves from Louisiana Swamp Doctor 88 Cuss you! I was only going through the motions; the rifle ain't loaded! 1856 C. Dickens Little Dorrit (1857) i. xxxvi. 316 Mr. Dorrit urbanely went through the motions of playing a game at skittles with the Collegian who was the next oldest inhabitant to himself. 1900 ‘M. Twain’ Man that corrupted Hadleyburg 298 A Government cannot satisfy all these public opinions; it can only go through the motions of trying. This Government does that. It goes through the motions, and they do not succeed. 1944 H. Croome You've gone Astray xvi. 166 It was pleasant, undoubtedly pleasant. But both of them felt..that in some fundamental sense they were merely going through the motions. 1963 Times Lit. Suppl. 11 Jan. 27/4 A mere exasperated going-through-the-motions. 1995 Spectator 28 Jan. 21/1 They didn't even go through the motions of putting women on the short-list. P3. a. in (also †upon) motion: moving or being moved; in a state of activity, moving about; opposed to at rest. to put in (also into, †to) motion, to set in motion: to set moving. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > cause to move [verb (transitive)] stira1023 icchec1175 wawc1290 movea1382 remble1579 rouse1582 agitate1592 act1597 to put in (also into, to) motion1597 activate1624 actuate1641 animate1646 ferment1667 to feague away1671 to carry about1680 excite1694 jee1722 bestir1813 emotion1831 to set on1855 send1864 motion1929 the world > movement > in motion [phrase] in (also upon) motion1597 the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > cause to begin to act or operate to put (also set) to worka1398 to put on work?1440 streek?a1500 setc1500 to put (also set) in (also into) motion1598 spring1598 to set offa1625 to put (also set) in work1626 to set (a-)going1705 start1822 to start up1865 to set in motion1890 1597 H. Lok Ecclesiastes i. 3 Yea all heauens elements full well we see, Though farre more durable then man by kind, Yet for our vse, in motion still to bee. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. i. 77 Taste your legges sir, put them to motion . View more context for this quotation 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. xiv. 27 My last unto you was from the Low-Countreys, wher I was in motion to and fro above four months. 1647 A. Cowley Called Inconstant in Mistress iii As Men in Motion think the Trees move too. 1659 H. More Immortality of Soul iii. xix. 546 The whole Matter of the Universe, and all the parts thereof, are ever upon Motion. 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ iii. ii. §18 There must be an infinitely powerful..God, who must..put matter into motion. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Movement..signifies all those Parts of a Watch, Clock, or any such curious Engine which are in motion. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 116 Not a breeze, not a cloud which might be supposed to put all Nature thus into motion. 1841 W. T. Brande Man. Chem. (ed. 5) 337 All the effects we are about to describe depend..upon electricity in motion, or upon electric currents. 1841 R. Willis Princ. Mechanism 18 Each of which is so connected with the frame-work of the machine, that when in motion every point of it is constrained to move in a certain path. 1890 Cornhill Mag. Sept. 268 Fountains of perfumed water are set in motion. 1908 Aëronaut. Jrnl. Apr. 45/1 As soon as the propeller had been set in motion the apparatus dashed off towards Neuilly. 1955 B. Spock Baby & Child Care (1968) 186 Another baby who has become over-fatigued relaxes sooner if kept in gentle motion. 1984 E. Pawel Nightmare of Reason xii. 167 The second paragraph alone..contains five distinct references to people's hands in motion or at rest. b. figurative and in figurative contexts. in motion: in a state of excitement, commotion, etc.; active, proceeding, in progress. to put (also set) in (also into) motion: to set going or working. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > in operation [phrase] aworka1398 at work1549 in action1584 on foot1586 in motion1598 in operation1878 the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > cause to begin to act or operate to put (also set) to worka1398 to put on work?1440 streek?a1500 setc1500 to put (also set) in (also into) motion1598 spring1598 to set offa1625 to put (also set) in work1626 to set (a-)going1705 start1822 to start up1865 to set in motion1890 the world > relative properties > order > disorder > confusion or disorder > commotion, disturbance, or disorder > in a state of commotion or disorder [phrase] on steerc1480 the devil to paya1500 in (an) uproar1548 the devil rides on a fiddle-stick1598 in motion1598 the devil (and all) to doa1681 (all) the fat is in the fire1797 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. iii. 224 To keepe his anger still in motion . View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) i. ii. 185 Setting endeuour in continual motion . View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iv. iii. 31 The want is, but to put those Powres in motion, That long to moue. View more context for this quotation 1680 W. Temple Ess. Advancem. Trade Ireland in Wks. (1731) I. 110 When Things are once in Motion, Trade begets Trade. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. vi. 192 Our people..observed..lights hurrying backwards and forwards in the fort, and other marks of the inhabitants being in great motion. 1773 Ann. Reg. 1772 94/2 We have now in our gaol sixteen rioters from Sudbury, and it is an alarming circumstance that the whole country seems in motion. 1804 G. Rose Diaries (1860) II. 139 My writ was moved for this day,..but my patent was not put in motion. 1818 T. Jefferson Anas Pref. 4 Feb. in Writings (1903) I. 275 The machine of government, now suspended, might be again set into motion. 1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. ii. v. 197 They..who set a revolution in motion have not always the power to stop it. 1915 W. Cather Song of Lark iv. viii. 335 One had to marry somebody, after all the machinery had been put in motion. 1939 J. B. Morton Bonfire of Weeds viii. 171 This bell has only to be pushed to set the whole magical scheme in motion. 1960 Observer 20 Mar. 25 Suppose the Soviets lost control of events they had set in motion. 1989 Wine Spectator 31 Aug. 55/1 He had everything in motion even before the enabling legislation was passed. 1992 R. Rudolph Boys from New Jersey ii. iv. 66 The wheels that were put into motion by Alpha would eventually turn full circle a decade later. c. American Football. in motion: (of an offensive player) moving after positions are assumed immediately prior to commencing a play. Chiefly in man in motion n. the single member of an offensive side entitled to move under these circumstances. ΚΠ 1911 C. W. Short Digest Foot Ball Rules 18 Only one Offensive man in motion when putting ball in play. 1927 A. A. Stagg Touchdown! xiv. 312 I have employed this man in motion principle a lot and in a variety of maneuvers, using it first back in 1896. 1945 Man. Football Officiating 24 On spread formation, linesman must assist Referee on checking for back illegally in motion. 2000 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Electronic ed.) 21 Oct. Using a man in motion to draw the defense to the left, North' s Ganousis hit Justin Conner with a pass out of the backfield. Compounds † motion-bar n. Obsolete = motion block n. ΚΠ 1871 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. Sept. 534 Flat guides, called motion-bars, or guide-bars. † motion block n. Obsolete either of two parallel bars attached to the cylinder of a steam engine, between which the cross head of the piston slides; the part of the cross head which slides between these bars. ΚΠ 1878 A. Rigg Steam Engine 128 The surfaces of motion blocks and side bars are found to wear exceedingly well when..efficient lubrication exists. 1887 G. C. V. Holmes Steam Engine 214 The guides or motion blocks..which prevent the end of the piston rod from being deflected as the connecting rod assumes an angular position. motion blur n. the blurring of the image of a moving object in photographs, film, or video, which occurs when the motion is rapid in relation to film speed, or (in the case of stills) at low shutter speeds. ΚΠ 1949 T. A. Longmore Med. Photogr. (ed. 4) ii. 222 Since geometric blur occurs in respect of every X-ray tube motional blur must always be considered coupled with geometric blur.] 1966 Jrnl. SMPTE 75 371/2 Nagel demonstrated..that the recorded motion blur is greater for an object against a bright background than for the same object against a dark background. 1984 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 222 107 We prefer the old mechanical Bolex H16-SBM 16 mm model because the opening angle of the shutter is variable (it can be reduced to reduce motion blur). 1993 Compute Jan. 148/2 Image-processing filters allow you to adjust brightness and contrast,..enhance edges and shadows, and add motion blur. 1999 Wired Nov. 273/1 He and his team have hacked ‘motion blur’ (the illusion of fluid, seamless movement) and ‘alfa blending’ (the ability to make objects look semitransparent). motion capture n. (a) an optical illusion of motion; (b) a technique which allows movement to be recorded digitally; spec. one in which the movement of an actor is used to animate a computer-generated character in a film or video game; frequently attributive. ΚΠ 1983 Vision Res. 23 5807/1 A low spatial frequency sine wave grating was then projected on this ‘noise’ and moved in step with the alternating random-dot patterns. This resulted in ‘motion-capture’—i.e. all the dots now seemed to move synchronously with the moving grating. 1990 IEEE Internat. Conf. Syst., Man & Cybernetics 550/1 Other known visual phenomena such as motion coherence, the barber pole phenomenon, and motion capture. 1992 New Scientist 3 Oct. 23/2 Another useful process is ‘motion capture’, which does for animation what laser scanning does for modelling. 1999 Proc. 3rd Internat. Conf. Visual Information & Information Syst. (Lect. Notes in Computer Sci. Vol. 1614) 349 Motion capture employs special sensors or markers to record the motion of a human performer by multiple cameras from different directions. 2012 Times (Nexis) 5 Apr. 40 The motion capture green screen and voiceover booths of a video game production studio. motion day n. Law a day on which motions (sense 13c) are to be made. ΚΠ 1846 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. June 414/1 Not a term or a motion day has been neglected. 1857 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 253/1 One evening after dinner..he began to read his briefs for the ensuing day, which was a ‘Motion’ day. 1904 E. Manson Builders of our Law (ed. 2) 229 Motion-day at the Rolls was a scene to be remembered. 1959 Earl Jowitt & C. Walsh Dict. Eng. Law II. 1196/2 In Chancery practice, if counsel is unable to make a motion on the day for which notice has been given, he is entitled, as a matter of right, ‘to save the motion’, that is, to adjourn it to the next motion day. motion detector n. (a) a motion sensor; (b) Biology a cell or organ that is sensitive to movement. ΚΠ 1968 Brit. Patent 1,120,3000 1/1 Motion detector for indicating when the velocity of a continuous body, such as a wire or belt, exceeds a certain minimum. 1968 Science 18 Oct. 377/1 These motion detectors [sc. neurons in the visual system of the monkey] have preferred directions. 1971 Science 22 Oct. 416/3 In unidirectional motion detectors such as the semicircular canals, the kinocilia of the receptor cells on a crista are all aligned in the same direction. 1977 U.S. News & World Rep. (Nexis) 8 Aug. 66 A high school in a troubled area of Brooklyn, N.Y., is rigged with electronically monitored motion detectors which can be set off by the slightest vibration after the school is closed for the day. 1994 Nature 30 June 712/1 To see whether such an anisotropic distribution of motion detectors could be related to the differences observed in human psychophysics, we introduced a similar anisotropy in a proposed network model of heading detection. motion discomfort n. chiefly U.S. motion sickness; (also) vomit. ΚΠ 1978 N. Sanders St. Merino Solution ii. ix. 106 Although the seat and cabin were bolted firmly to the ground we had to keep a bucket handy to catch the motion discomfort. 1995 Field & Stream (Nexis) May 24 A hangover—even a mild one—will only make matters worse. Fatigue and anxiety also increase the effects of motion discomfort. Get plenty of sleep, and allow yourself enough time for planning and travel. motion discomfort bag n. euphemistic = sick-bag n. at sick adj. and n. Compounds 3. ΚΠ 1984 Sat. Evening Post May 36/2 The motion-discomfort bag is basically, dishonest... Motion discomfort is when your leg falls asleep... I don't think the airlines would go for ‘throwing-up bag’. 1992 Independent 18 Apr. 35/2 If a bag bears the euphemism ‘motion discomfort bag’ instead of sick-bag, you can be sure the airline is from a country that speaks American. motion-maker n. a person who makes formal proposal or legal petition. ΚΠ 1652 Mercurius Democritus No. 8. 60 There is order given to the Arch-Duke of that place to get ready a Surloyne of Beefe,..and so to be received again into favour, and to be ever after that the only Motion-maker for Breakefasts. 1771 in Catal. Prints: Polit. & Personal Satires (Brit. Mus.) (1883) V. 36 The Sorry Motion Maker. 1778 Ld. Mansfield in J. Oldham Mansfield MSS (1992) I. 748 Defendant employed me as a Motion Maker. 1818 J. Bentham Church-of-Englandism 118 Of these same motion-makers, the third..is Earl Nelson. 1995 Palm Beach (Florida) Post (Nexis) 23 July 1 a The board is split in many other ways, of course. The liberal and the conservative. The feisty and the conciliatory. The motion-makers and the followers. † motion-man n. Obsolete the worker or exhibitor of a puppet-show, a puppeteer. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > puppetry > [noun] > puppeteer puppet player1601 puppet man1620 motion-man1631 puppet master1631 poppet-playera1656 poppet-shower1715 puppet-showman1715 puppeteer1915 marionettist1918 1631 B. Jonson Bartholmew Fayre i. v. 3 in Wks. II A Puppet-play..that I writ for the motion man. a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 102 When truly all their Feats have been As well perform'd by Motion-men. motion photography n. now rare the photographing of moving subjects, cinematography. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > [noun] camerawork1858 chronophotography1895 filming1909 motion photography1912 picturizing1916 shooting1920 take1920 shoot1929 lensing1942 1912 F. A. Talbot Moving Pictures xxviii. 312 Motion photography as an educational force. 1913 Chambers's Jrnl. Sept. 688/1 In the early days the long exposure necessary rendered motion-photography well-nigh impossible. 1995 Independent 26 May 18/6 Charles Darrow had about as much claim to have invented Monopoly as William Friese-Greene did motion photography. motion-rod n. rare a rod which communicates motion in a mechanism, piece of machinery, etc. ΚΠ 1908 Westm. Gaz. 13 Feb. 4/2 Contained in this box is the damping mechanism, which is connected to the axle by suitable levers and motion-rods. motion sensor n. a sensor that is sensitive to motion; a motion detector, esp. as (part of) a security device that can trigger a burglar alarm, or as an aid to positioning or navigation. ΚΠ 1965 Science 2 Apr. (front matter) 2 A maze of potentiometers, vehicle motion sensors, and servos in the steering system. 1968 Sperry Rand Engin. Rev. 21 45/1 Doppler sonar is also a motion sensor that can be used aboard military and commercial surface vessels. 1986 Family Handyman Nov. 52/1 An infrared motion sensor automatically turns lights on an off as a person enters or leaves a room. 1993 Washingtonian June 127/1 The house has high-tech security: surveillance cameras, window-vibration detectors, motion sensors. 1997 Computer Music Jrnl. Summer 70/1 Radar and microwave motion sensors have also been occasionally used to measure the dynamics of musical performers. motion sickness n. nausea and malaise, sometimes proceeding to vomiting and prostration, induced by motion (or simulated motion), esp. during travel by boat, plane, or automobile. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > [noun] > nausea > types of nausea heartsickness1614 seasickness1625 sea-distempera1641 nausea1771 mal de mer1778 airsickness1784 morning sickness1844 pregnancy sickness1864 carsickness1867 trainsickness1876 motion sickness1881 travel sickness1900 space sickness1912 1881 J. A. Irwin in Lancet 26 Nov. 907/2 Sea-sickness, or Motion-sickness, as it might be more correctly termed—for not only does it occur on lakes and even rivers, but..a sickness identical in kind may be induced by various other motions than that of turbulent water. 1942 Sci. News Let. 12 Dec. 378/1 Air sickness can be prevented or cured if you know how. So can sea-sickness and the other kinds of motion sickness that attack men lurching over battlefields in tanks and jeeps. 1973 Times 1 Aug. 6/1 Still suffering from the motion sickness which has put their mission behind schedule, the three Skylab astronauts today started to tidy up the orbiting laboratory. 1995 Guardian 30 Mar. (OnLine section) 3/5 The artificiality of VR scenes causes nausea and motion sickness in 60 per cent of users. † motion-teacher n. Scottish Military Obsolete rare a drill instructor. ΚΠ 1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem i. 7 The out-law Whiggs..wanted Order and Array; Their Officers and Motion-teachers Were very few, beside their Preachers. motion video n. digital video data that provides moving pictures and may be transmitted or stored (on videodisc, etc.) for subsequent reproduction on a computer or DVD player. ΚΠ 1978 Proc. 8th Ann. Frontiers in Educ. Conf. (IEEE) 454 This system provides interactive computer instruction at a fairly sophisticated level using a terminal that can display still and motion video pictures as well as alpha numeric data. 1983 Computerworld (Nexis) 31 Jan. 74 Sixty-six percent of those revenues, or $81.4 million, will be attributed to motion video teleconferencing rooms. 1994 B. Cotton & R. Oliver Cyberspace Lexicon 85/1 Motion video requires at least 25..frames to be displayed every second. 2000 DigitalFoto Oct. 82/2 Apple's QTVR brings photo-interactivity to life, blurring the line between still photography and motion video. † motion watch n. Scottish Obsolete rare a watch with a clockwork movement. ΚΠ 1646 J. Hope Diary in Misc. Sc. Hist. Soc. (1958) IX. 167 In the litle pocketts of my clothes my motione watch. † motion wheel n. Obsolete the balance wheel of a clock or watch. ΚΠ 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 362/1 The Second..is termed the Ballance Wheel of a Clock... Some call it the Wauch Wheel, or Motion Wheel. 1765 Ann. Reg. 1764 i. 79/1 Two motion wheels [in a watch]. motion work n. the mechanism for moving the hands of a clock or watch. ΘΚΠ the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [noun] > part(s) of nut1428 peise1428 plumbc1450 Jack1498 clockwork1516 larum1542 Jack of the clockhouse1563 watch-wheel1568 work1570 plummeta1578 Jack of the clock1581 snail-cam1591 snail-work1591 pointer1596 quarter jack1604 mainspring1605 winder1606 notch-wheel1611 fusee1622 count-wheel1647 jack-wheel1647 frame1658 arbor1659 balance1660 fuse1674 hour-figure1675 stop1675 pallet1676 regulator1676 cock1678 movement1678 detent1688 savage1690 clock1696 pinwheel1696 starred wheel1696 swing-wheel1696 warning-wheel1696 watch1696 watch-part1696 hoop-wheel1704 hour-wheel1704 snail1714 step-wheel1714 tide-work1739 train1751 crutch1753 cannon pinion1764 rising board1769 remontoire1774 escapement1779 clock jack1784 locking plate1786 scapement1789 motion work1795 anchor escapement1798 scape1798 star-wheel1798 recoil escapement1800 recoiling pallet1801 recoiling scapement1801 cannon1802 hammer-tail1805 recoiling escapement1805 bottle jack1810 renovating spring1812 quarter-boy1815 pin tooth1817 solar wheel1819 impulse-teeth1825 pendulum wheel1825 pallet arbor1826 rewinder1826 rack hook1829 snail-wheel1831 quarter bell1832 tow1834 star pulley1836 watch train1838 clock train1843 raising-piece1843 wheelwork1843 gravity escapement1850 jumper1850 vertical escapement1850 time train1853 pin pallet1860 spade1862 dead well1867 stop-work1869 ringer1873 strike-or-silent1875 warning-piece1875 guard-pin1879 pendulum cock1881 warning-lever1881 beat-pin1883 fusee-piece1884 fusee-snail1884 shutter1884 tourbillion1884 tumbler1884 virgule1884 foliot1899 grasshopper1899 grasshopper escapement1899 trunk1899 pin lever1908 clock spring1933 1795 J. Aikin Descr. Country round Manch. 311 They..excel in what is called motion-work, such as dial wheels, locking springs [etc.]. 1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 179 In turret clocks, where the striking is not discharged by the motion work. 1984 Antiquarian Horol. Dec. 152/1 A cam..operates a rack..meshing with the cannon pinion of the sunrise motion work..on the left and a second rack operating the sunset motion work..on the right. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). motionv. Brit. /ˈməʊʃn/, U.S. /ˈmoʊʃ(ə)n/ Forms: late Middle English–1500s mocyon, 1500s mocion, 1500s moschyon, 1500s moshion, 1500s moshyon, 1500s motyon, 1500s– motion; Scottish pre-1700 mocion, pre-1700 motioun, pre-1700 1800s– motion. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: motion n. Etymology: < motion n. †I. Senses derived from motion n. II.Rare after the 17th cent., with corresponding senses of move v. (see branch III. s.v.) becoming standard. 1. transitive. To approach (a person) with a request; to petition or suggest to. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > petition procurea1387 motion1476 solicit1530 supplication1593 supplicate1601 petition1607 petitionate1624 move1633 address1698 bill1722 1476 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 601 John Redwe mocyond hym onys myche aftyr thys jntent. 1528 Abbess of Wilton Let. to Wolsey (P.R.O.) I have oft tymes mocioned my systers to be reclused within oure monastery. 1538 J. London Let. 8 July in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. III. 218 And forasmoche as I found your Lordeschipp gudd Lorde unto me in my [former] suyte..I am now the bolder to motyon yowr Lordeschippe for my neybors of Oxford. 1544 J. Bale Brefe Chron. Syr I. Oldecastell Pref. f. 7 b This noble lorde Cobham with certen other more, mocyoned the kynge at Westmynstre..that it were verye commodyouse to Englande yf the Romyshe Bysshoppes auctorite extended no forther than the Occeane see. 2. a. transitive. To propose, move, or bring forward (a proposal, etc.). Frequently with to, unto, with. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > suggestion, proposal > suggest [verb (transitive)] > for consideration puta1350 purposea1382 propone1402 motion1505 exhibit1529 propound?1531 prefer1539 raise1566 to put forward1569 broach1579 start1579 offer1583 propose1614 first1628 to put it to a person1664 moot1685 suppose1771 pose1862 to put up1901 1505 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 10th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Marquis of Ormonde &c. (1885) 391 in Parl. Papers 1884–5 (C. 4576-I) XLII. 1 Anye discord..or ingerous wordes or langauge spokin, movid or moshioned betwixte anny brother or neighboure. 1535 in T. Wright Three Chapters Lett. Suppression Monasteries (1843) 77 Your humble oratour, disquietly vexede without cause or any pretenced occasion motioned of your said oratours partie. 1577 tr. ‘F. de L'Isle’ Legendarie sig. Diij Which was by motioning a double alliance. 1587 J. Hooker Chron. Ireland 136/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) II Tirlough..making the like sutes as his wife before his comming had motioned vnto his lordship. 1591 H. Savile tr. Tacitus Ende of Nero: Fower Bks. Hist. iii. 157 Till Vitellius began first to motion a parle. 1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. sig. ⁋2 It was made a capitall crime, once to motion the making of a new Law for the abrogating of an old. 1635 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Donzella Desterrada 169 I..never entertained a thought of motioning love unto you, otherwise than in a lawfull and honourable way. 1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. (1655) xviii. 136 This Fryer hath writ of this Countrey, and hath gone to Spain to the Court to motion the conquering of it. 1666 S. Pepys Diary 8 June (1972) VII. 155 Creed and I down the River as low as Sir W Warren's; with whom I did motion a business that may be of profit to me. 1714 in N. Bouton Provinc. Papers New-Hampsh. (1868) II. 662 His Honour..often motioned it to the Council to be gratified. 1721 J. Windham Let. 5 Jan. in Pall Mall Gaz. (1891) 25 June 3/2 A bill is ordered to be brought in to make it felony for [etc.]... Motioned by Sir Joseph Jekyll, seconded by H. Walpole and others. 1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. To motion a thing, to propose it in a military or civil meeting. b. transitive. To propose (to do something); to propose or move (that something be done). With infinitive or that-clause as object. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1524 Dk. Suffolk Let. 7 Apr. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. I. 331 So it is as I am enformed, vpon malice it is mocioned vnto your Grace to take into the Kingis handes..the Pryory of Conyssed [etc.]. 1536 H. Stafford in T. Wright Three Chapters Lett. Suppression Monasteries (1843) 122 Where I desyred Mr. Bryan to be so good master unto me as to moshion unto your mastership to helpe me to the gift of the priorie of Fynshed. 1613 Fraserburgh Kirk Session 6 Jan. It is motioned be the eldership..that [etc.]. a1648 Ld. Herbert Life Henry VIII (1649) 335 One Temse..who motion'd that they all should petition the King, to take his Queen againe. 1676 I. Newton Let. 26 Apr. in Corr. (1960) II. 1 I am now to return you thanks..for motioning to get ye Experiment in controversy, tryed before ye R. Society. 1688 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) I. 233 Samll Richardson..motion'd that The order of This board..was Contrary to Law. a1698 W. Row Suppl. in R. Blair Life (1848) (modernized text) x. 271 They motioned in the Committee that John Hamilton should be general-major of the army. 1823 W. Faux Mem. Days Amer. 323 Another rising to say, ‘I motion, that as some cannot command money they should bring vegetables.’ a1861 T. Winthrop John Brent (1862) xxviii. 296 I motioned we shove the hul kit an boodle of the gamblers ashore on logs. 'Twas kerried. c. transitive. To propose or recommend (a person) for employment, or as a marriage partner. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > recommendation > recommend [verb (transitive)] > name as worthy to hold position or employment motion1577 recommend1641 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 553/1 Hugh le Brun..(vnto whom Queene Isabell..had beene promised in mariage before that King Iohn was motioned vnto hir..). a1629 W. Hinde Faithfull Remonstr. (1641) vii. 24 A daughter of one M. Hardware,..was commended to the Father, and so by him motioned unto his Sonne. a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 282 He refused the Kings daughter in marriage, being motioned to him, and married that slave. a1694 M. Robinson Autobiogr. (1856) 9 Our young student..being motioned to the lord general Fairfax as a page. 3. intransitive. To make a proposal, bring forward a motion, offer a plan. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > suggestion, proposal > make a suggestion [verb (intransitive)] motion1509 refer1572 propound1598 dogmatize1613 suggesta1616 spitball1955 1509 in J. Gairdner Historia Regis Henrici Septimi (1858) 437 And that they that had so moschyonyd unto the kynge hys lord had no good ground nor reson so for to do. 1539 H. Latimer Let. 17 Jan. in Serm. & Remains (1845) (modernized text) II. 413 I doubt not, but the king's highness..will remember his poor subjects now in Lent as touching white meat, of the which I now motion unto your lordship, to the intent it may come betime among them. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cccclxj The Quene motioned for the restoring of abbey landes. 1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 352/1 [A prescription] When anye Membre is so extreamlye inflamed that it wexeth blacke, and the Chirurgiane beginneth to motion of the extirpation therof. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 229 Well hast thou motion'd, wel thy thoughts imployd How we might [etc.] . View more context for this quotation 1694 in N. Bouton Provinc. Papers New-Hampsh. (1868) II. 115 The Lieut. Governor motioned to this Board of a citadel to be built in this fourt. 1839 T. Carlyle Chartism i. 4 For what end at all are men..sent to St. Stephen's,..kept talking, struggling, motioning and counter-motioning? 4. transitive (in passive). To be prompted, impelled, or moved. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ a1591 H. Smith Serm. (1637) 790 Marke whensoever thou art motioned to evill, if it doe not promise thee some goodesse to come of it. 1726 E. Ward Spanish Beauty 51 He's motion'd by an evil Spirit, Some Brimstone Incubus, that stunk More like a Devil than a Monk. II. Senses derived from motion n. I. †5. intransitive. To make a motion or movement to do something; to make as if to do something. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > bodily movement > move the body or a member [verb (intransitive)] > make a move > to do something to make a motion1580 motion1747 1747 S. Richardson Clarissa II. xxxii. 218 Snatching my hand from my brother, who was insolently motioning to give it to Mr. Solmes. 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison VI. xlii. 262 I..motioned to quit the hall for the parlour. 1800 H. Wells Constantia Neville II. xv. 126 I..requested he would be seated, this he declined, motioning at the same time to go away. 1803 M. Charlton Wife & Mistress (ed. 2) IV. 187 She..motioned to depart. 1828 E. Atherstone Fall of Nineveh I. iii. 82 And aged Almelon raised his wrinkled hand; Rabsaris too, and Abdolonimus, Motioned to speak. 1888 Mrs. H. Ward Robert Elsmere I. i. iii. 74 Mrs. Thornburgh, in obedience to complaints of draughts from Mrs. Seaton, motioned to have the window shut. 6. a. transitive. To have (something) moved aside, away, etc., by a sign or significant gesture; to direct or guide (a person) to do something, by a sign or a significant gesture or movement (with infinitive, adverb, or other adverbial phrase); to indicate or signal (that something be done). ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > make gestures [verb (transitive)] > direct or guide by motion1787 1787 F. Burney Diary 1 Nov. (1842) III. 450 When I produced it [sc. a present], she motioned it away with her hand. 1820 L. Hunt Indicator 2 Aug. 340 She motioned him..to be silent. 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby i. 5 Nickleby..motioning them all out of the room, embraced his wife and children. 1869 A. W. Ward tr. E. Curtius Hist. Greece II. ii. iv. 5 It was their duty..to motion off any one who approached the gods of the state without the right of so doing. 1895 W. C. Scully Kafir Stories 158 Whitson sat down on a stone, and motioned his companion to do the same. 1915 J. Buchan Thirty-nine Steps i. 14 I got my door open and motioned him in. 1949 ‘H. Robbins’ Dream Merchants iv. viii. 284 He motioned her to a seat and picked up the phone. 1951 W. C. Williams Autobiogr. viii. 33 The old lady..motioned that the party should proceed. 1982 A. Grey Saigon (1983) (BNC) 100 His father motioned the weapon aside with a peremptory gesture. 1996 S. Deane Reading in Dark (1997) ii. 41 At Ena's funeral, after the grave had been closed, Liam motioned me to get in close behind some of the men who were standing around in knots, talking. b. intransitive. To make a gesture for the purpose of directing or guiding. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > make gestures [verb (intransitive)] beckonc950 becka1300 wevec1325 playc1330 to make a countenancea1375 signc1520 token1535 gesture1542 starkle?1544 scrawl1582 gesticulate1609 annuate1623 to make a motion1719 wink1738 motion1788 1788 C. Smith Emmeline IV. xii. 286 Lady Adelina.., still motioning with her hand for Fitz-Edward to leave her, moved on. 1802 A. Radcliffe Gaston de Blondeville in Posthumous Wks. (1826) II. 377 The King motioned with his arm; the Archbishop made a sign in the air. 1856 E. B. Browning Aurora Leigh viii. 326 ‘Will you sit?’ I asked, And motioned to a chair. 1899 T. M. Ellis Three Cat's-eye Rings 130 Clayside motioned to the men to cover in the dead. 1937 J. Steinbeck Of Mice & Men 23 George motioned with his spoon again. 1962 S. Raven Close of Play i. v. 58 She cocked her head like a whore motioning from a brothel window. 1985 D. Johnson Fiskadoro ii. 30 Mr. Cheung stopped playing in the midst of the page, motioning for the pupil to keep on. 7. transitive. poetic. To impart motion to. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > cause to move [verb (transitive)] stira1023 icchec1175 wawc1290 movea1382 remble1579 rouse1582 agitate1592 act1597 to put in (also into, to) motion1597 activate1624 actuate1641 animate1646 ferment1667 to feague away1671 to carry about1680 excite1694 jee1722 bestir1813 emotion1831 to set on1855 send1864 motion1929 1929 R. Bridges Test. Beauty i. 24 Wisdom..choosing to be call'd Athena daughter of Zeus Motion'd the marble to her living grace. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1387v.1476
随便看	clamihewit clamjamphrie click language click latch click n collect click on all cylinders click on etc cylinders click on four cylinders click on six cylinders click one's fingers click one's heels click one's heels together click one's tongue click pulley click rate click reel click sound click stop click through click track click wheel click-and-drag click-clack click-hook click-speaking

motionn.

Phrases

Compounds

motionv.