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单词 moot
释义

mootn.1

Brit. /muːt/, U.S. /mut/
Forms: Old English mot- (in compounds), late Old English–Middle English mot, Middle English moht- (in compounds, probably transmission error), Middle English moth, Middle English mowet- (rare, in compounds), Middle English moyt- (rare, in compounds), Middle English mut- (rare, in compounds), Middle English–1500s mute, Middle English– moot, Middle English– mote (now historical), 1500s moute, 1500s–1600s mout, 1600s moat, 1600s mott, Middle English–1600s (1800s historical) moote; English regional (northern) 1800s– meut, 1800s– meutt, 1800s– mooit, 1800s– moot, 1800s– muit; also Scottish pre-1700 mote, pre-1700 mut, pre-1700 mvte, pre-1700 mwte, pre-1700 1700s–1800s mute.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Middle Dutch moet (Dutch †moet ), Old High German muot , Old Icelandic mót , Old Swedish mot (Swedish mot (now rare)), Danish regional mod , and (in different stem-classes) Middle Low German mȫte (German regional (Low German) Mööt ), Middle High German muote , muoze , and Norwegian møte , Swedish möte , Danish møde ); perhaps related to the Germanic base of mathel v. Further etymology uncertain. Compare i-moot n.In Old English only in compounds before the 12th cent. Uncompounded use in English is probably partly reinforced by borrowing of the corresponding early Scandinavian word, and also partly aphetic < i-moot n.
1.
a. A meeting, an assembly of people, esp. one for judicial or legislative purposes. Also: a place where a meeting is held.Chiefly associated with organs of national and local administration from the Anglo-Saxon to the early modern period (cf. gemot n., witenagemot n.). The older form mote is often retained by historians for the second element of names of specific institutions; cf. burgh-mote n. at borough n. Compounds 1, folkmoot n., hallmote n., hundred-mote n. at hundred n. and adj. Compounds 2, portmoot n., etc.This sense of the simple noun, for long historical and archaic, has undergone a partial revival since the late 19th cent., perhaps influenced by the revival of the legal use in sense 4.Recorded earliest in compounds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > meeting or encounter > [noun]
mootOE
gain-racea1340
again-cominga1382
encountering1482
rencountering1525
occursionc1540
encountrance1592
occurse1603
occurrence1607
affront1614
occursation1615
encountera1641
collision1664
vis-à-vis1867
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun]
mootOE
councilc1275
mootingc1275
dayc1300
assembly1366
consistoryc1374
house1389
parliamentc1390
convention1554
synodal1573
synod1578
synedrion1581
convenement1603
gemot1643
consessus1646
legislative council1651
national assembly1702
council-general1817
concilium1834
runanga1857
OE Antwerp Gloss. (1955) 136 Forus uel prorostra, motstow on burge.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1129 Þa hi ðider comen þa began þæt mot on Monendæig & heold on an to ðe Fridæig.
c1175 ( Ælfric Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 37 Heofene rice is ilic ane kynge, he ðe hæfde mot wið his men.
a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 83 (MED) Þe soðe quen shal a domes [dai] arisen on þe michele mote and fordemen þis frakede folc.
c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (1973) 2425 Al þat meidene mot [L. Chorus] cumeð her aȝein þe mid kempene crune.
a1300 Passion our Lord 280 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 45 Heo by-wste þe dure þer al þat mot was.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 16307 (MED) Þai ne suld do him na vilani, For quat ending þe mote suld take, þai wist noght witerli.
c1430 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 379 Þe twa hed mutis of þe Justice salbe haldin ȝerly at Edinburgh or Peblis.
1508 W. Kennedy Flyting (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 216 A horse marschall thou call the at the mute And with that craft convoy the throu the land.
a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 416 In Common Councels, at popular mootes, they could beare no sway.
c1670 T. Hobbes Dial. Com. Laws (1840) 169 After the Saxons had received the faith of Christ, those bishops that were amongst them, were always at the great moots in which they made their laws.
1794 W. Hutchinson Hist. Cumberland I. 252 The whole country..seems to have been parcelled out into small districts,..in each of which there was a mote, or court of justice.
1885 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 302/2 In the Anglo-Saxon moots may be discerned the first germs of popular government in England.
1891 W. Morris News from Nowhere xiv. 97 At the next ordinary meeting of the neighbours, or Mote, as we call it, according to the ancient tongue of the times before bureaucracy.
1903 Contemp. Rev. Oct. 496 Necessary results of the Customs Union would be an imperial Moot containing representatives from the various parts of the Empire.
1935 Universe 26 July 3/3 The second World Rover Scouts Moot.
1973 Where Apr. 112/1 The moot, consisting of all school, community, and ancillary staff,..was dealing with such issues as representation on the governing body.
2000 News (Karachi) 25 Apr. 17/7 PCB is to be represented at the ICC moot by its Director Yawar Saeed.
†b. An encounter; a meeting of two persons or parties, esp. a hostile one. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. 10389 Many a man was ther assoyned Off ther lyff ther at her mote.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) viii. l. 1529 Wallang fled our and durst nocht bid that mute.
†2. Argument, disputation; discussion, talking. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > [noun]
mootingOE
disputinga1225
mootc1225
sputingc1250
disputisounc1290
arguingc1385
sputisounc1390
debate1393
determinationc1400
luyte1477
disputation1489
dispicion?1510
argumenta1513
plead?a1513
traversing1524
dispicience1531
ruffle1532
debatement1536
argumentationa1538
debating1548
pro et contraa1554
canvassing1565
litigation1567
toil1597
discussion1598
tongue-work1598
agitation1600
canvass1611
fence1637
contestation1638
dispute1638
tongue-fence1643
actitation1661
c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (1973) 548 (MED) Her is a meiden..se swiðe witti & wis on hire wordes, þat ha wið hire anes mot [L. disputando] meistreð us alle.
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 468 (MED) Þos hule luste & leide an hord Al þis mot, word after word.
a1325 (?c1300) Northern Passion (Cambr. Gg.1.1) 704 (MED) Is hit no bote Ageines you to holde mote..For ye ne luit notht mi tellinges.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 11949 (MED) Was þar-wit him na langer mote, Bot þar he fel dun at his fote.
c1450 (c1405) Mum & Sothsegger (BL Add. 41666) (1936) 278 (MED) Thus after talkyng we twynned a-sundre..and oure mote endid.
1565 J. Jewel Replie Hardinges Answeare xxii. 621 Afterwarde, he keepeth greate Mutes aboute Qualities, and Quantities.
c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) Ded. 2 In the disputes of al purposes quherwith, after the exemple of the wyse in former ages, you use to season your moat.
1676 Doctr. of Devils 125 When the Lord hath decided the Controversy, & setled the Question, should men's Moots, groundless Opinions, small Arguments, and wilde Winter-Tales, unsettle us?
†3. Litigation; an action at law; a plea; accusation. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > [noun] > a lawsuit
speechc897
mootc1225
pleadingc1275
pleac1300
actiona1325
quarrela1325
suit1348
pursuit1380
sokena1387
process1395
plead1455
pleament1480
suit in law1530
ployc1600
suit in equity1604
suit in chancery1621
lawsuit1624
instance1654
legal action1656
lis1932
c1225 Lofsong Lefdi (Royal) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 305 (MED) Nim mot for me ant were me, for ich am pine wurðe.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 27694 If þou..bringes man in iuel blame, or mote,..of this behoues þe mai þi scrift.
1433 in W. Fraser Mem. Maxwells of Pollok (1863) I. 163 Or I..be herd in the plede or mut of the forsaidis landis.
c1455 Regiam Majestatem c. 48 Forsuth sic mut or other also be transferryt of the court in the Kingis court.
a1500 tr. A. Chartier Quadrilogue (Rawl.) (1974) 140 (MED) This matir is comprised..in maner of moote or plee, forasmoche as it procedith by the maner of trauersing wourdis.
1566 T. Drant tr. Horace Medicinable Morall sig. Av Of mout or suite vndreamde Of barre thou beares no kepe.
c1600 in Balfour's Practicks (1754) 53 All mutes and pleyis quhilk happinis to rise within burgh, sould be pleadit and determinat within the samin.
1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem i. 13 The order of mute or pley in court, is alreadie exponed.
1656 in J. A. Clyde Hope's Major Practicks (1938) II. 29 Actions of mute or pley once brought in befoir the chamerlane in his air should not descend to ane inferior court therefter.
4. Law. The discussion of a hypothetical case by law students for practice; a hypothetical doubtful case that may be used for discussion. Cf. bolt n.3 2.Revived in the Inns of Court in the 19th cent. but fell into disuse (last retained at Gray's Inn according to N.E.D., 1908). Reintroduced subsequently into universities where law is studied and into the Inns of Court.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > study of law > [noun] > discussion of hypothetical cases by students
moot1512
mooting1523
bolting1598
society > law > study of law > [noun] > discussion of hypothetical cases by students > hypothetical case discussed
moot1512
bolt1556
moot case1563
1512 Black Bks. Lincoln's Inn i. 166 in Notes & Queries Jan. 1953 2/1 Mynors the yonger is amercied for that he woul not use the Moute, and that the Moute failed.
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xiv. sig. Gviiiv In the lernyng of the lawes of this realme, there is at this daye an exercise, wherin is a..shadowe..of the auncient rhetorike. I meane the pleadynge used in courte and Chauncery called motes.
1539 Magna Carta (title page) With an Alminacke & a Calender to know the mootes. Necessarye for all yong studiers of the lawe.
1605 Famous Hist. Capt. Stukeley sig. A4 I had as liue you had seen him in the Temple walk, confering with some learned Councelor or at the moote vpon a case in Law.
a1650 S. D'Ewes Autobiogr. & Corr. (1845) (modernized text) I. 232 On Thursday,..after our supper in the Middle Temple Hall ended, with another utter barrister, I argued a moot at the bench to the good satisfaction of such as heard me.
1797 Encycl. Brit. XII. 271/2 There is a bailiff, or surveyor of the moots, annually chosen by the bench, to appoint the moot-men for the inns of chancery.
1855 Rep. Comm. Inns of Court 81 Mr. Lewis [c1847]..also established what are called ‘Moots’, that is to say, discussions on points of Law?
1876 Times 8 Nov. 10/6 A moot was held last night in the hall of Gray's-inn on the following question.
1926 E. Weekley Words Anc. & Mod. 70 The practice of holding at the Inns of Court moots at which law students gain experience by arguing an hypothetical case.
1962 E. Mitchell Business Man's Lawyer 441/2 Moot, a gathering of lawyers or law students, to argue—semi-formally—interesting but academic points of law.
1982 G. Williams Learning Law (ed. 11) 169 A mock trial differs from a moot in that it is a mock jury-trial, with jury and witnesses, not an argument on law.

Compounds

† moot-bell n. Obsolete a bell to summon people to a moot or assembly.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > signalling > audible signalling > ringing of bells as signal > [noun] > other signal bells
moot-bellc1210
guild-bell1555
watch-bell1577
toll-bell1736
joy-bells1808
bear bell1975
c1210 (c1206) Leges Edwardi Confessoris: Version 4 (Rylands) (London interpolation) xxxii. §A3 in F. Liebermann Gesetze der Angelsachsen (1903) I. 655 Pulsatis campanis, quod Anglici uocant mohtbelle [c1310 Claud. motbele, c1315 Corpus Cambr. mothbele].
1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 67 If the emergent occasions were sudden and important by extraordinary summons of ringing the Moot-bels [citing Old English law].
† moot-book n. Obsolete rare a book containing law cases to be mooted by students.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > study of law > [noun] > discussion of hypothetical cases by students > hypothetical case discussed > book containing cases
moot-book1588
1588 A. Fraunce Lawiers Logike i. xvii. f. 61v Wee by a moote-booke and a Brookes abridgement climbe to the Barre.
moot court n. a mock court hearing at which students argue points of law for practice.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal profession > [noun] > Inns of Court > part where students practise
moot hall1684
moot court1788
1788 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) II. 428 He gives lectures regularly, and holds moot courts and parliaments wherein he presides.
1888 J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. III. xcviii. 376 In some law schools much educational value is attributed to the moot courts in which the students are set to argue cases.
2000 Witness 14 No. 1. 107 I've gotta pick Trina up at the law school. They're rehearsing for moot court.
moot courtroom n. a room or chamber in which a moot court is held.
ΚΠ
1936 Amer. Law School Rev. Apr. 419/1 A set of rules for preparation..should be given to the students and placed in the moot courtroom.
1988 Advocate (Vancouver, Brit. Columbia) Nov. 931 We will be opening the doors of our Moot Courtroom and inviting the public to view the run-off competitions for the annual UBC–UVic moots.
† moot-horn n. Obsolete a horn for summoning people to a moot.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > signalling > audible signalling > signalling with other sounding instruments > [noun] > one who signals on horn > horn as signal for moot
moot-horna1300
wardmote horn1899
a1300 (c1200) Chron. Jocelin of Brakelond 74 Habitaque disputacione de cuius manu cornu acciperent, quod dicitur Mothorn.
a1350 (?1264) in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1909) 24 316 (MED) Statuerunt etiam inter se quod cornu haberent commune, cui intenderent cum sonum illius audirent..quod mothorn dicitur.
moot-stow n. now historical a place where a moot is held.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun] > place of
moot-stowOE
moot-hill?c1425
lekgotla1897
OEMotstow [see sense 1a].
1898 F. W. Maitland Township & Borough 39 Cambridge is the right and proper moot-stow for the thegns of the shire.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

mootn.2

Brit. /muːt/, U.S. /mut/
Forms: 1700s– moot; English regional 1800s moat (Devon), 1800s moote, 1800s– mot (Cornwall), 1800s– mote, 1800s– mott (Cornwall), 1800s– müte (Devon), 1900s– mute (Devon).
Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps the reflex of an unattested Old English noun cognate with Middle Dutch moot , mōte (Dutch moot ), German regional (Low German: East Friesland) mot , mote , all in sense ‘slice, piece’ < the Germanic base of Gothic maitan to cut (see ant n.1). Compare earlier mooting n.2, moot v.2
Chiefly English regional (southern).
A tree stump.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > stump > left after felling
stumpc1440
hag1618
stoola1722
moot1777
fall1785
hagsnar1796
1777–8 R. Wight Horæ Subsecivæ (MS Bodl. Eng. lang. d.66) 275 [Devon] A Moot, Radix.
1831 On Planting (Libr. Useful Knowl.) vii. 91 Moot, in Devonshire, is the same with stool in other counties.
1862 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Jan. 2 There was a layer of motts, as the stumps of old trees are called in the west.
1863 J. R. Wise New Forest xiv. 150 Sailors..dredging..sometimes draw up great logs of wood, locally known as ‘mootes’.
1872 W. Cory Lett. & Jrnls. (1897) 288 Old roots festooned with flowers—roots called here [i.e. in Devon] ‘motes’.
1892 S. Hewett Peasant Speech Devon 103 I got wan or two whacking gert ulkers ov mütes.
1920 Gloucestershire Life Sept. 37/2 The heavier of the soil-encrusted roots are moots—such as those from small bushes or trees.
1979 T. Hughes Moortown 66 A snaggle of faces Like pulled-out and heaped-up old moots.

Compounds

moot-end n. a tree stump; (also figurative) the buttocks.
ΚΠ
1777–8 R. Wight Horæ Subsecivæ (MS Bodl. Eng. lang. d.66) 275 [Devon] The Moot End of a Tree, Caudex quasi Cauda arboris et per Translationem Clunes, The Moot End of a Man—The Buttocks.
1886 W. H. Long Dict. Isle of Wight Dial. 41 Moot end, the stump, or tail end of a thing.
1903 Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 157/2 Moot-end, the roots of a tree; fig. the buttocks of a man; the ‘backside’.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† mootn.3

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: moot n.2
Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps the same word as moot n.2 Compare earlier mooter n.2 N.E.D. (1908) gives the pronunciation as (mūt) /muːt/.
Shipbuilding. Obsolete.
1. An implement used in block-making (see quot. a1877).
ΚΠ
1815 W. Burney Falconer's New Universal Dict. Marine (rev. ed.) 286/2 The pin to be turned is fixed by its head on the mandrel, and the moot is advanced to it on the sliding puppet.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1474/1 Moot, a piece of hard wood, hooped with iron at both ends, used in block-making.
2. A tool for shaping treenails cylindrically to the required diameter; (also) the particular size or diameter to which a treenail is to be made.
ΚΠ
1815 W. Burney Falconer's New Universal Dict. Marine (rev. ed.) Mooter, or Tree-Nail Mooter, a name given to the person who turns the tree-nails by the assistance of a moot.
1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 133 Mooting. Making a treenail exactly cylindrical to a given size or diameter, called the moot.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1474/1 Moot, a gage-ring for determining the size of tree-nails.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mootadj.

Brit. /muːt/, U.S. /mut/
Forms: 1500s moote, 1500s– moot, 1700s– mute (irregular).
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: moot n.1
Etymology: < moot n.1 (originally in attributive compounds, compare compounds s.v.).
1. Originally in Law, of a case, issue, etc.: proposed for discussion at a moot (moot n.1 4). Later also gen.: open to argument, debatable; uncertain, doubtful; unable to be firmly resolved. Frequently in moot case, moot point.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > [adjective] > that can be discussed
moot1563
pleadable1565
argumentable1588
arguable1611
allowable1712
negotiable1939
neg1961
society > law > study of law > [noun] > discussion of hypothetical cases by students > hypothetical case discussed
moot1512
bolt1556
moot case1563
the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > insecure knowledge, uncertainty > questionable state or quality > [adjective]
openlOE
doubtousc1330
uncertain1338
doubtyc1380
brigousa1387
doubtablec1400
doubtfula1425
questionable1443
batable1453
strivablec1456
inquirable1485
litigious1520
doubtsomea1522
disputable1548
dubious1548
doubted?1551
moot1563
problematical1567
discussiblea1578
debatable1581
controversial1583
disputativea1586
debateful1587
decidable1596
controversible1601
controvertible1601
controversal1604
controversable1607
problematic1609
controversary1610
left-handed1610
disputed1611
dubitable1625
quarrellable1642
catchinga1670
non liquet1678
brigose1679
contestable1702
equivocala1797
controversional1807
contradictable1856
discutable1868
hinky1961
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > [noun] > matter for discussion
questionc1225
pointc1300
propositiona1382
conclusion1393
positiona1398
motivec1400
move1439
gainsay1559
moot point1563
argumenta1568
prop1607
contention1635
corollary1636
hypothesis1669
discursivea1676
contestation1880
submission1884
society > law > study of law > [noun] > discussion of hypothetical cases by students > hypothetical case discussed > point in
moot point1563
the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > insecure knowledge, uncertainty > questionable state or quality > [noun] > something uncertain
uncertaintya1387
ambiguity1445
moot point1563
measuring cast1631
inconcludency1654
disputablea1657
undefinable1809
tertium quid1826
open question1837
question mark1870
inconclusion1886
disputability1892
borderliner1953
undecidable1965
1563 L. Humphrey Nobles or of Nobilitye sig. Vviv That they be not forced to sue the lawe, wrapped with so infinite crickes and moot poyntes.
1577 R. Stanyhurst Treat. Descr. Irelande ii. f. 9/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I The like question [sc. whether ‘fish’ or ‘flesh’] may be mooued of the sell [= seal], and if it were well canuassed, it would be found at the least wyse a moote case.
a1650 S. D'Ewes Autobiogr. & Corr. (1845) (modernized text) I. 240 I was scarce come into commons, but..I was set at work, arguing a moot-point or law-case on Thursday night after supper.
1658–9 in T. Burton Diary (1828) III. 46 Jersey is part of France; so it is a moot point whether a habeas corpus lies.
1732–3 Sir C. Wogan in J. Swift Wks. (1824) XVII. 460 ‘My lords and gentlemen’, says he, ‘it is a very moot point to which of those causes we may ascribe the universal dulness of the Irish.’
1779 G. Washington Let. 20 Mar. in Writings (1840) VI. ii. 204 The policy of our arming slaves is in my opinion a moot point, unless the enemy set the example.
1797 Encycl. Brit. XII. 271/2 Particular times are appointed for the arguing moot-cases.
1808 Rep. Trials Col. A. Burr II. 78 If a statute of the United States were to adopt a common law phrase, in the creation of an offence, no common law consequences would follow, because we have no common law. But this is a moot point.
1876 A. D. Murray Charnwood 110 It remains a moot problem to be guessed at.
1899 Arch. Surg. 10 190 Those who are already well informed in essentials and quite prepared to discuss moot and difficult points.
1932 P. G. Wodehouse Louder & Funnier 77 An age full..of Moot Questions—some mooter than others.
1956 G. Durrell Drunken Forest x. 199 Whether he could have bitten us successfully..was rather a moot point, but it was not the sort of experiment I cared to make.
1990 Economist (BNC) 24 Mar. 125 Midland seems likely to be heading for the altar before long. Whether the Hongkong Bank will be the one waiting is a mooter question.
2. North American (originally Law). Of a case, issue, etc.: having no practical significance or relevance; abstract, academic.Now the usual sense in North America.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > speculation > confirmation of hypothesis, theory > [adjective] > as opposed to practical
contemplative1563
paper1616
theoretic1617
considerative1677
theoretical1767
academic1812
moot1831
armchair1858
rocking chair1911
unempirical1934
1831 R. Peters Rep. Supreme Court U.S. 5 41 Whether it is the emanation from the people or the states, is a moot question, having no bearing on the supremacy of that supreme law which from a proper source has rightfully been imposed on us by sovereign power.
1899 Atlantic Reporter 42 517/2 Because the plaintiff boarded the cars for the purpose of making a test case, this is a moot case, which the court will not entertain.
1946 Univ. Pennsylvania Law Rev. Jan. 126 A lawsuit which is, or has become, moot is neither a case nor a controversy in the constitutional sense and no federal court has the power to decide it.
1973 N.Y. Law Jrnl. 31 Aug. 18/4 Motion for an order dismissing this indictment for lack of prosecution is dismissed as moot.
2000 Time 20 Nov. 71/3 Media critics have long argued that networks should not call races until all polls have closed to avoid affecting turnout. It's a moot argument: information will out.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mootv.1

Brit. /muːt/, U.S. /mut/
Forms: Old English motian, early Middle English motege, early Middle English moti, early Middle English motie, Middle English moute (northern), Middle English moyte (northern), Middle English moytt (northern), Middle English mute (northern), Middle English–1500s mot, Middle English–1500s mote, Middle English–1600s moote, 1600s meawt (English regional (Yorkshire)), 1600s– moot; Scottish pre-1700 mot (past participle), pre-1700 mote, pre-1700 mote (past participle), pre-1700 muit, pre-1700 mut, pre-1700 mvt, pre-1700 mvte, pre-1700 mwt, pre-1700 mwte, pre-1700 1700s– mute, pre-1700 1800s– moot.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: moot n.1
Etymology: < moot n.1
1.
†a. intransitive. To speak, to converse. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > speak [verb (intransitive)]
matheleOE
speakc888
spellc888
yedc888
i-quethec900
reirdOE
meldOE
meleOE
quidOE
i-meleOE
wordOE
to open one's mouth (also lips)OE
mootOE
spellc1175
carpa1240
spilec1275
bespeakc1314
adda1382
mella1400
moutha1400
utter?a1400
lalec1400
nurnc1400
parlec1400
talkc1400
to say forthc1405
rekea1450
to say on1487
nevena1500
quinch1511
quetch1530
queckc1540
walk1550
cant1567
twang1602
articulate1615
tella1616
betalk1622
sermocinate1623
to give tongue1737
jaw1748
to break stillness1768
outspeaka1788
to give mouth1854
larum1877
to make noises1909
verbal1974
OE Ælfric Let. to Sigeweard (De Veteri et Novo Test.) (Laud) 58 Man mot on eornost motian wið his Drihten, se þe wyle þæt we sprecon mid weorcum wið hine.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 1443 Cniht þu ært muchel sot þat þu swa motest.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 22550 O murthes þan es nan to mote; Vnquemfulli þan sal þai quak, Þat all þe erth it sal to scak.
a1425 (?c1350) Ywain & Gawain (1964) 3328 Þe lord saw it was na bote Obout that mater mor to mote.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xiii. 60 This marschall that I of mwt, That schir Robert of Keth was cald..Quhen that he saw [etc.].
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 178 In this mater heir will I mute no moir.
a1600 A. Montgomerie Misc. Poems ix. 12 If thou be he of vhom so many moots [etc.].
1603 Proph. Waldhaue in Whole Prophesie Scotl. sig. C4 Mute on if ye may for mister ye haue.
1669 Hist. Sir Eger 32 Courteously to him could she mute.
b. transitive. To say, to utter, to mention (a word, etc.). Also with clause as object. Now Scottish and English regional (northern).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)]
speakc825
queatheOE
forthdoc900
i-seggenc900
sayeOE
speak971
meleOE
quidOE
spella1000
forthbringc1000
givec1175
warpa1225
mootc1225
i-schirea1250
upbringa1250
outsay?c1250
spilec1275
talec1275
wisea1300
crackc1315
nevena1325
cast1330
rehearsec1330
roundc1330
spend1362
carpa1375
sermona1382
to speak outc1384
usea1387
minc1390
pronouncea1393
lancec1400
mellc1400
nurnc1400
slingc1400
tellc1400
wordc1400
yelpc1400
worka1425
utterc1444
outspeakc1449
yielda1450
arecchec1460
roose?a1475
cutc1525
to come forth with1532
bubble1536
prolate1542
report1548
prolocute1570
bespeak1579
wield1581
upbraid1587
up with (also mid) ——1594
name1595
upbrayc1600
discoursea1616
tonguea1616
to bring out1665
voice1665
emit1753
lip1789
to out with1802
pitch1811
go1836
to open one's head1843
vocabulize1861
shoot1915
verbal1920
be1982
c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (1973) 1238 (MED) Hwil þis eadi meiden motede & mealde þis & muchele mare.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 23947 (MED) For mikel i haf to mote.
c1480 (a1400) St. Alexis 430 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 453 Þat is my bale, but ony but, for þu na word wil to me mut.
a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) 1439 (MED) What schall we more of hym mote?
1559 D. Lindsay Complaynt 91 in Wks. (1931) I. 42 The first sillabis that thow did mute Was ‘pa, Da Lyn, vpon the lute’.
a1625 A. Montgomerie Flyting with Polwart (Harl.) 294 in Poems (1910) Of this mismade mowdewart, mischeif they muit.
1684 G. Meriton Praise Yorks. Ale 285 He niver meawted thou was ill.
1847 Montrose Standard 8 Oct. 2 Oh Sawnie has tell'd what should neer been mootit.
1897 H. Ochiltree Out of her Shroud xi 'Twas Bailie Duff wha pledged us on soul and conscience ne'er to moot a word o't.
1902 B. Kirkby in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 157/2 [Westmorland] He never mooted a word.
1972 J. Ross Select. Caithness Dial. Words in D. Omand Caithness Bk. 251 Moot, to mention.
2.
a. intransitive. To complain, argue, plead, discuss, dispute, esp. in a law case; to bring an action to court, to litigate. Later: spec. to debate a hypothetical case, to take part in a moot.Apparently revived in 20th cent.: see note at moot n.1 4.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > argue, dispute, discuss [verb (intransitive)]
mootOE
sannc1175
sputea1225
argue1303
argumentc1320
strive1340
proceedc1390
reason?c1425
to roll the stone1581
argumentate1586
discuss1587
litigate1606
canvass1631
argumentizea1641
to take by the beard1809
dudgeon1859
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > pleading > plead [verb (intransitive)]
mootOE
to plead a cause1297
plead1429
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > academic or public disputation > debate publicly [verb (intransitive)] > as legal exercise
moot1602
OE Ælfric Hexameron (Hatton 115) 41 Ðu scealt gelyfan on ðone lifigendan God, and na ofer ðine mæðe motian be him.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 43 (MED) Ofter he walde anuppon his underlinges mid wohe motien and longe dringan þenne he walde salmes singen oðer eani oðer god don.
c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (1973) 588 (MED) Makien se monie clerkes to cumene..to motin wið a meiden.
c1350 Nominale (Cambr. Ee.4.20) in Trans. Philol. Soc. (1906) 6* Homme plede et toile pur glebe, M[an]. motith and striuyth for rit of kyrke.
?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. 1418 The kyng com to London, with lawe to mote in benke.
c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. iii. 149 She [sc. Meed] let lawe as hire list & louedaies makiþ; Þe mase for a mene man þeiȝ he mote [v.rr. mute; plede; c1400 B text moote] euere.
a1425 N. Homily Legendary (Harl. suppl.) in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 85 (MED) Þe gude man saw it was no bute Ogayns hir wil more forto mote.
?a1425 (?c1350) Northern Passion (Rawl.) 1092 (MED) Iudas saw it was no bote More of þis mater for to mote.
c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 295 To mote in wronge causys.
c1455 Regiam Majestatem c. 107 Quhen ony man agaynis other than the King mutis of purprisyng or of purprestur or agayn his lorde & nocht be ane assise..it salbe distrenȝeit.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xi. l. 1008 The byschop Synclar agayn fled in-to But; With that fals king he had no will to mut.
1514 Minutes Parl. Middle Temple (1904) I. 44 He promised to mote, and did not mote, so that in the seid vacacion there was a mote lost.
1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Pi/1 To Moote, arguere, mouere dubia.
1602 2nd Pt. Returne fr. Parnassus iv. i. 1536 It is a plaine case, whereon I mooted in our Temple.
1628 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. xlvii. sig. H11 He talkes Statutes as fiercely, as if he had mooted seuen yeers in the Inns of Court.
a1652 R. Brome Weeding of Covent-Garden ii. i. 25 in Five New Playes (1659) We will Cry mercy, you are busie, we will not moote to day then?
1986 P. Dobson & B. Fitzpatrick ‘Observer’ Bk. of Moots 1 (heading) How to Moot.
†b. transitive. To argue (a point, case, etc.). Also: to bring (an action at law); to prosecute an action against (a person). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > hold discussions about, debate [verb (transitive)]
dispute1340
discuss1402
reason?c1425
mootc1475
arguea1513
canvass1530
ventilate?1530
deliberate1536
devisea1538
expostulate1573
agitate1598
imparlc1600
exagitate1610
eventilate?1625
altercate1683
litigate1740
spar1744
c1475 Gregory's Chron. in J. Gairdner Hist. Coll. Citizen London (1876) 60 (MED) Ande that yere were the plays holdyn and motyde at the Towre of London.
a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) ii. 244 Before jugys ordanyt he Be plede causys mot to be.
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xiv. sig. Gviiiv A case is appoynted to be moted by certayne yonge men, contaynyng some doubtefull controuersie.
1598 in M. Wood & R. K. Hannay Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1927) V. 240 Mr. Hercules Rollok..hes mutit actioun before the lords aganis Hew Broun [etc.].
1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem i. 106 b Quha sa mutes any partie in Court to the third day.
1770 S. Foote Lame Lover i. 24 Mrs. Circuit. Lord! I wonder Mr. Circuit you would breed that boy up to the bar. Serjeant. Why not, chuck? He has fine steady parts, and for his time moots a point——.
1770 E. Burke Thoughts Present Discontents 21 If it were not a bad habit to moot cases on the supposed ruin of the constitution.
1796 J. Anstey Pleader's Guide ii. 36 Then dreams He that some point he's mooting.
1829 C. Lamb Let. 19 Mar. (1935) III. 212 A grave band..should moot cases in your book.
3. transitive. To raise or bring forward (a point, question, subject, etc.) for discussion; to propose, to suggest.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > suggestion, proposal > suggest [verb (transitive)] > for consideration
puta1350
purposea1382
propone1402
motion1505
exhibit1529
propound?1531
prefer1539
raise1566
to put forward1569
broach1579
start1579
offer1583
propose1614
first1628
to put it to a person1664
moot1685
suppose1771
pose1862
to put up1901
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > put forward [verb (transitive)]
laya1387
proposea1398
stirc1400
move1452
propound?1531
broach1579
start1579
moot1685
to set up1697
argument1747
1685 tr. B. Gracián y Morales Courtiers Oracle 253 Politicians now a-days moot nothing else, but that the greatest Wisedom consists in making it appear.
1817 J. Gilchrist Intell. Patrimony 153 Those who chiefly moot the business.
1842 E. FitzGerald Lett. (1889) I. 82 I am now awaiting the third request in confidence: if you see no symptoms of its being mooted, perhaps you will kindly propose it.
1848 J. H. Newman Loss & Gain xix. 285 And now..the question is at least plausibly mooted again.
1902 A. Lang Hist. Scotl. II. ix. 202 The idea of their marriage had been mooted.
1950 R. Macaulay World my Wilderness vi. 42 As I find it difficult to mention her myself, the subject isn't mooted.
1991 Spare Rib (BNC) Feb. At that time a variety of women's presses were mooting ideas for conventional anthologies of Black writing in the UK.
4. transitive. U.S. To render (a question, matter, etc.) irrelevant or of no practical significance.
ΚΠ
1980 Washington Post 1 Feb. 33/4 As the day wore on the matter seemed likely to be mooted by the cleverness of the crows that wheeled and cawed over the farm.
1987 B. A. Garner Dict. Mod. Legal Usage 365/1 The settlement did not moot the jurisdictional question.
1992 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 19 Jan. 3/1 His characterizations of Mr. Gorbachev..and Mr. Yeltsin..get it exactly right. His analysis of both men, while mooted now in the case of Mr. Gorbachev, should be read by..George Bush.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mootv.2

Brit. /muːt/, U.S. /mut/
Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by back-formation. Or (ii) formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: mooting n.2; moot n.2
Etymology: Either a back-formation < mooting n.2, or directly < moot n.2 (although this is not attested until the late 18th cent.).
Now English regional (chiefly south-western).
transitive. Usually with up. To uproot, to dig or grub up. Also: to dig out, unearth (an otter).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > earth-moving, etc. > [verb (transitive)] > dig (hole, etc.) > dig up (object)
upgravea1340
digc1350
to dig upc1400
to dig outa1425
unearthc1450
holk1554
moil1581
sprittle1585
effodicate1599
moot1610
effode1657
to cast up1660
to rough out1834
exter1835
excavate1848
crow1853
stub1927
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > dig out or up
delvec1000
upgravea1340
undelve1340
grubc1374
to dig upc1400
to dig outa1425
unearthc1450
sprittle1585
effode1657
to cast up1660
exhume1783
moot1823
excavate1848
lift1883
spud1886
pig-root1890
1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie iii. vii. 105 He beareth Gules, the Stemme or Trunke of a Tree Eradicated, or Mooted vp by the roots.
1661 S. Morgan Sphere of Gentry i. iii. 23 Trees on a stock are called Trunked, which also if they are cut, they are called Couped; but if torn (as it were) it is called Irradicated, or Mooted up by the roots.
1777–8 R. Wight Horæ Subsecivæ (MS Bodl. Eng. lang. d.66) 275 [Devon] Mooted up—radicitus evulsus.
1823 New Monthly Mag. 8 500 Thrice did he 'scape us after we mooted him [sc. an otter] from the bank.
1847 H. Gough Gloss. Terms Brit. Heraldry 226 Mooted (or Moulted) up by the roots, eradicated.
1855 Archaeologia 36 428 A huge portion of it [sc. this building] on all sides had, to use the provincial term, been ‘mooted up’, and carried away, for the sake of the stone for building purposes.
1867 W. F. Rock Jim an' Nell lxxxiv. 24 Moot iv'ry brack about un.
1890 J. D. Robertson Gloss. Words County of Gloucester 96 Moot, to grub up, of pigs, etc.
1958 Recorded Interview (Brit. Libr. Sound Archive) (Survey Eng. Dial.: C908) (MS transcript) Track 57 [Herefordsh.] Scuffle is mooting it up—turning it over you know.
1974 W. Leeds Herefordshire Speech 78 Moot, to dig up with a mattock.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† mootv.3

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: moot n.3
Etymology: < moot n.3 Compare earlier mooter n.2 N.E.D. (1908) gives the pronunciation as (mūt) /muːt/.
Shipbuilding. Obsolete. rare.
transitive. To shape (a treenail) to the required diameter by means of a moot.
ΚΠ
1831 T. O'Scanlon Diccionario Marítimo Español Moot (To), hacer cabillas de madera exactamente cilíndricas y arregladas al diámetro dado.
1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 133 Mooting, making a treenail exactly cylindrical to a given size or diameter, called the moot: hence, when so made, it is said to be mooted.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1OEn.21777n.31815adj.1563v.1OEv.21610v.31831
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