monolithadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈmɒnəlɪθ/,

/ˈmɒnl̩ɪθ/, U.S.

/ˈmɑnəˌlɪθ/

Forms: 1800s monolithe, 1800s– monolith.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French monolithe; Latin monolithus.

Etymology: < French monolithe, adjective (1532 in Middle French as monolythe in sense ‘made of a single stone’; rare before 19th cent.) and noun (1813 in sense ‘work made of a single stone’) and its etymon classical Latin monolithus made of a single stone < ancient Greek μονόλιθος made of a single stone < μονο- mono- comb. form + λίθος (see -lith comb. form). Compare German monolith , adjective (1830 in the passage translated in quot. 1847 at sense A. 1). Compare slightly earlier monolithal adj., monolithic adj.With use as noun, compare the following, showing an assumed Greek plural form:1827 G. Higgins Celtic Druids 214 The monolithoi or single stones.

A. adj.

1. Formed of a single (large) block of stone. Cf. monolithic adj. 1a.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > stone or rock > [adjective] > made of stone > of single stone

monolithic1825

monolithal1830

monolith1832

1832 G. Long Egyptian Antiq. I. ix. 183 From the roof of this monolith temple..bridges lead to other side arches.

1847 J. Leitch tr. K. O. Müller Ancient Art §310 306 Monolith colossal statues.

a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) II. 48 The side doorways were found to have monolith jambs.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 82/1 Amasis II. in the XXVIth dynasty rebuilt the temple again, and placed in it a large monolith shrine of red granite, finely wrought.

2. figurative. Resembling a monolith; massive; immovable; solidly uniform. Cf. monolithic adj. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > largeness > [adjective] > of large volume or bulky > and solid

greateOE

stour?a1300

fata1325

mightyc1375

sternc1394

stiffc1400

massivec1425

mastiff1495

gross1516

massy1548

robustious1548

mountainousa1616

monumental1632

mountain1633

lusty1640

beamy1697

material1736

Himalayan1878

wodgy1907

monolith1922

1922 E. Blunden Shepherd 53 Between great monolith trees.

1966 L. MacNiece Birmingham in Coll. Poems (1979) 17 The policeman..bars With his figure of a monolith Pharaoh the queue of fidgety machines.

1988 New Statesman 17 June 27/1 The monolith approach..was the doctrine of all-inclusiveness.

1992 J. Owen Managing Educ. (BNC) 146 Hughes has clearly described the influences, movements and inputs which have questioned monolith models [of education management].

B. n.

a. A single block of stone, esp. a large one shaped (frequently in prehistoric times) into a pillar or monument.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > record > memorial or monument > [noun] > structure or erection > stone

stone847

standing stone1180

longstone1651

hoar-stone1666

pillar-stone1723

lech1768

holed-stone1769

stela1776

bluestone1812

menhir1819

stele1820

monolith1836

tanist-stone1851

megalith1853

orthostat1909

1836 Pop. Encycl. II: Pt. ii. 848/2 Twenty-four colossal monolithes, representing Indian gods, are placed in separate divisions.

1862 R. H. Patterson Ess. Hist. & Art 411 Several remarkable monoliths, or temples carved out of single rocks.

1921 L. Strachey Queen Victoria vii. 234 An obelisk, to be worthy of the name, must clearly be a monolith; and where was the quarry in England capable of furnishing a granite block of the required size?

1963 A. Moorehead Cooper's Creek xv. 194 On the grave in the Melbourne cemetery there was presently set up a 34-ton monolith of undressed Harcourt stone.

1994 New Scientist 1 Oct. 15/1 Thorpe previously suggested that..the monoliths of Stonehenge's inner circle and horseshoe—were transported to Wiltshire from southwestern Wales by an eastward moving ice sheet at least 400 000 years ago.

b. Engineering. A large solid block, generally of concrete, sunk in water, and used esp. as a foundation in the building of a harbour or dock wall.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > concrete > [noun] > large mass of

monolith1878

Stabit1962

1878 Minutes Proc. Inst. Civil Engineers 52 17 These [concrete] blocks are much heavier than those which form the outer breakwater of the harbour of Marseilles..but they are very much less than the monolith, which was moved at Wick.

1904 B. Cunningham Princ. & Pract. Dock Engin. v. 210 The monoliths..were made entirely of concrete in the proportion of 7 to 1—viz., 5 parts river ballast, 2 parts broken limestone..and 1 part Portland cement.

1959 Chambers's Encycl. IV. 569/1 Walls composed of monoliths are usually constructed at sites where a mass wall is impracticable owing to the unstable qualities of the substrata.

1992 San Diego Union 12 July g2/4 Monoliths at the mouth of Cabo San Lucas harbor mark the southernmost tip of Baja California.

2. In extended use: a person or thing resembling a monolith, esp. in being massive, immovable, or solidly uniform; a large, impersonal political or corporate body.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > [noun] > wholeness or unity of being > that which is indivisible

individuality1631

undividablea1739

impartible1788

imparticipable1789

monolith1880

1880 ‘M. Twain’ Tramp Abroad xxxvi. 407 This sky-cleaving monolith [sc. the Matterhorn].

1906 L. Woolf Let. 21 Apr. (1990) 118 Because he is great, because he will not lickspittle & kow-tow,..he is discredited, a wretched monolith of all that he ought to be.

1934 H. Nicolson Curzon: Last Phase xi. 323 M. Stamboliisky, the peasant Prime Minister of Bulgaria, was also granted an audience... Curzon was attracted towards this solid, somewhat helpless, monolith.

1957 Economist 7 Sept. 766/2 A growing diversity in the economic scene is liable to lead to cracks in the political monolith.

1992 MacWorld June 40/2 Pundits in Macland worry about gifts to IBM and the unfriendly monoliths of corporate America.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	monolith
释义	monolithadj.n. Brit. /ˈmɒnəlɪθ/, /ˈmɒnl̩ɪθ/, U.S. /ˈmɑnəˌlɪθ/ Forms: 1800s monolithe, 1800s– monolith. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French monolithe; Latin monolithus. Etymology: < French monolithe, adjective (1532 in Middle French as monolythe in sense ‘made of a single stone’; rare before 19th cent.) and noun (1813 in sense ‘work made of a single stone’) and its etymon classical Latin monolithus made of a single stone < ancient Greek μονόλιθος made of a single stone < μονο- mono- comb. form + λίθος (see -lith comb. form). Compare German monolith , adjective (1830 in the passage translated in quot. 1847 at sense A. 1). Compare slightly earlier monolithal adj., monolithic adj.With use as noun, compare the following, showing an assumed Greek plural form:1827 G. Higgins Celtic Druids 214 The monolithoi or single stones. A. adj. 1. Formed of a single (large) block of stone. Cf. monolithic adj. 1a. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > stone or rock > [adjective] > made of stone > of single stone monolithic1825 monolithal1830 monolith1832 1832 G. Long Egyptian Antiq. I. ix. 183 From the roof of this monolith temple..bridges lead to other side arches. 1847 J. Leitch tr. K. O. Müller Ancient Art §310 306 Monolith colossal statues. a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) II. 48 The side doorways were found to have monolith jambs. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 82/1 Amasis II. in the XXVIth dynasty rebuilt the temple again, and placed in it a large monolith shrine of red granite, finely wrought. 2. figurative. Resembling a monolith; massive; immovable; solidly uniform. Cf. monolithic adj. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > largeness > [adjective] > of large volume or bulky > and solid greateOE stour?a1300 fata1325 mightyc1375 sternc1394 stiffc1400 massivec1425 mastiff1495 gross1516 massy1548 robustious1548 mountainousa1616 monumental1632 mountain1633 lusty1640 beamy1697 material1736 Himalayan1878 wodgy1907 monolith1922 1922 E. Blunden Shepherd 53 Between great monolith trees. 1966 L. MacNiece Birmingham in Coll. Poems (1979) 17 The policeman..bars With his figure of a monolith Pharaoh the queue of fidgety machines. 1988 New Statesman 17 June 27/1 The monolith approach..was the doctrine of all-inclusiveness. 1992 J. Owen Managing Educ. (BNC) 146 Hughes has clearly described the influences, movements and inputs which have questioned monolith models [of education management]. B. n. 1. a. A single block of stone, esp. a large one shaped (frequently in prehistoric times) into a pillar or monument. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > memorial or monument > [noun] > structure or erection > stone stone847 standing stone1180 longstone1651 hoar-stone1666 pillar-stone1723 lech1768 holed-stone1769 stela1776 bluestone1812 menhir1819 stele1820 monolith1836 tanist-stone1851 megalith1853 orthostat1909 1836 Pop. Encycl. II: Pt. ii. 848/2 Twenty-four colossal monolithes, representing Indian gods, are placed in separate divisions. 1862 R. H. Patterson Ess. Hist. & Art 411 Several remarkable monoliths, or temples carved out of single rocks. 1921 L. Strachey Queen Victoria vii. 234 An obelisk, to be worthy of the name, must clearly be a monolith; and where was the quarry in England capable of furnishing a granite block of the required size? 1963 A. Moorehead Cooper's Creek xv. 194 On the grave in the Melbourne cemetery there was presently set up a 34-ton monolith of undressed Harcourt stone. 1994 New Scientist 1 Oct. 15/1 Thorpe previously suggested that..the monoliths of Stonehenge's inner circle and horseshoe—were transported to Wiltshire from southwestern Wales by an eastward moving ice sheet at least 400 000 years ago. b. Engineering. A large solid block, generally of concrete, sunk in water, and used esp. as a foundation in the building of a harbour or dock wall. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > concrete > [noun] > large mass of monolith1878 Stabit1962 1878 Minutes Proc. Inst. Civil Engineers 52 17 These [concrete] blocks are much heavier than those which form the outer breakwater of the harbour of Marseilles..but they are very much less than the monolith, which was moved at Wick. 1904 B. Cunningham Princ. & Pract. Dock Engin. v. 210 The monoliths..were made entirely of concrete in the proportion of 7 to 1—viz., 5 parts river ballast, 2 parts broken limestone..and 1 part Portland cement. 1959 Chambers's Encycl. IV. 569/1 Walls composed of monoliths are usually constructed at sites where a mass wall is impracticable owing to the unstable qualities of the substrata. 1992 San Diego Union 12 July g2/4 Monoliths at the mouth of Cabo San Lucas harbor mark the southernmost tip of Baja California. 2. In extended use: a person or thing resembling a monolith, esp. in being massive, immovable, or solidly uniform; a large, impersonal political or corporate body. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > [noun] > wholeness or unity of being > that which is indivisible individuality1631 undividablea1739 impartible1788 imparticipable1789 monolith1880 1880 ‘M. Twain’ Tramp Abroad xxxvi. 407 This sky-cleaving monolith [sc. the Matterhorn]. 1906 L. Woolf Let. 21 Apr. (1990) 118 Because he is great, because he will not lickspittle & kow-tow,..he is discredited, a wretched monolith of all that he ought to be. 1934 H. Nicolson Curzon: Last Phase xi. 323 M. Stamboliisky, the peasant Prime Minister of Bulgaria, was also granted an audience... Curzon was attracted towards this solid, somewhat helpless, monolith. 1957 Economist 7 Sept. 766/2 A growing diversity in the economic scene is liable to lead to cracks in the political monolith. 1992 MacWorld June 40/2 Pundits in Macland worry about gifts to IBM and the unfriendly monoliths of corporate America. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1832
随便看	mutest mutestruck mutestrucken mutha muther muti muti bag muti murder muti murderer muti shop muti-man mutic muticate muticous mutie mutilate mutilated mutilateness mutilater mutilates mutilating mutilation mutilations mutilative mutilator