Monacann.1adj.1
/ˈmɒnək(ə)n/, U.S. /ˈmɑnək(ə)n/ Now chiefly historical.
A. n.1
A member of a North American Indian people, or confederacy, inhabiting the upper waters of the James River of Virginia in the Colonial Period. Also: a present-day group in Amherst County, Virginia, claiming descent from these.
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1609 Instruccions May in S. M. Kingsbury Rec. Virginia Company (1933) III. 19 Monocon to the east and head of our Riuer, Powhatons enemy and the Manahockes to ye Northeast.
1612 J. Smith Map of Virginia 27 The Monacans disperse themselves.., wherevpon the Powhatans retired.
1672 W. Talbot tr. J. Lederer Discov. 2 The Indians now seated here, are distinguished into the several Nations of Mahoc, Nuntaneuck.., Akenatzy and Monakin, &c. One language is common to them all, though they differ in Dialects.
1785 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia xi. 167 We are told that the Powhatans, Mannahoacs, and Monacans spoke languages so radically different, that interpreters were necessary when they transacted business.
1836 A. Gallatin Synopsis 57 No specimen has been preserved of the languages of any of the tribes, either Monacans of Mannahoks, living west of the Powhatans.
1864 C. de W. Brownell Indian Races N. & S. Amer. 188 He described the Monacans as friendly to his tribe, and said that they lived in the mountainous country to the west.
1907 F. W. Hodge Handbk. Amer. Indians I. 930/2 The [Monacan] confederacy was composed of the Monacan proper, Massinacac, Mohemencho, Monahassano, Monasiccapano, and some other tribes.
1998 Amer. Indian Q. (Electronic ed.) 22 203 The Monacans were known in their area as a racially mixed group and could not recategorize themselves as White by simply denying that they had any African American ancestry.
B. adj.1
Of or relating to the Monacans.
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c1612 W. Strachey Hist. Trav. Virginia (1953) i. i. 33 Some fewe dayes Marches into the Monocan country.
1837 Southern Literary Messenger 3 236/1 Eight hundred Huguenot refugees came to Virginia, and settled at Monacan town, south side of James river, twenty miles below Richmond.
1847 Southern & Western Literary Messenger & Rev. 13 133/2 Shortly afterwards he explored the Monacan country with one hundred and twenty men.
1883 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 12 286 The head-waters of the Virginian rivers, and parts of North Carolina, were occupied by the Nottoways, Tutelos, Tuscaroras, and other members of the Monahoac (Monacan) branch of the Iroquois family.
1914 William & Mary Coll. Q. Hist. Mag. 23 106 The territory beyond the falls was first visited during the autumn of 1608 when a party..followed the course of the James..and discovered the Monacan villages of Massinacak and Mowhemenchouch.
1943 William & Mary Coll. Q. Hist. Mag. 23 113 The Monacan tribes who inhabited the region west of the falls were the enemies of the Algonkian tribes of the tidewater area.
2000 Washington Times (Electronic ed.) 1 Aug. A University of Virginia archaeological expedition has confirmed that the remains of a Monacan Indian village are historically significant, and the humble artifacts unearthed so far may help the Monacan Nation in its quest for federal recognition.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
Monacanadj.2n.2
/ˈmɒnək(ə)n/, /məˈnɑːk(ə)n/, U.S. /ˈmɑnək(ə)n/ Originally and chiefly U.S.
A. adj.2
Of or relating to Monaco or its inhabitants.Monégasque is generally the preferred term.
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1873 Appletons' Jrnl. 12 Apr. 501/3 The uniforms of these Monacan soldiers are more gorgeous than those of any other troops in the Old World.
1909 Washington Post 12 Oct. 11/4 The German, Belgian, Bulgarian, French, Italian, Monacan, Montenegrin, Roumanian, and Servian delegates signed the proposed regulations.
1927 Times 10 Feb. 15/4 Among those present in the Abbey..were..the secretaries of the..Swiss, Chilean, Monacan and Mexican Embassies and Legations.
1956 Indiana (Pa.) Evening Gaz. 20 Apr. 3/1 Things in Monaco are getting back to normal, but Monte Carlo is still flying American and Monacan flags.
2002 Chron. Higher Educ. (Nexis) 2 Aug. 14 He tried to alert French and Monacan authorities, yet few took him seriously.
B. n.2
A native or inhabitant of Monaco.
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1911 Stevens Point (Wisconsin) Daily Jrnl. 9 Jan. The native Monacans had banded together with the 20 born Monacans inhabiting Paris and laid plans for a revolution in the eight square miles of territory comprising the nation.
1930 Daily Northwestern (Wisconsin) 25 Mar. 33/6 Monacans pay no taxes, and all public improvements must come from the money passed over the casino tables.
1987 Sports Illustr. (Electronic ed.) 26 June The Brits could be tough. But not as tough as the Monacans: West Germany's Boris Becker, Sweden's Joakim Nystrom and Yugoslavia's Slobodan Zivojinovic all call Monte Carlo home.
1998 Record (Kitchener-Waterloo, Ont.) (Nexis) 16 June a3 He and Landry agreed to set up a working exchange program for young Quebecers and Monacans.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1adj.11609
adj.2n.21873