babun.

Brit.

/ˈbɑːbuː/, U.S.

/ˈˌbɑˈˌbu/

Forms: 1700s bah-booh (rare), 1700s bauboo, 1700s– baboo, 1800s– babu. Also with capital initial.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Hindi. Partly a borrowing from Bengali. Etymons: Hindi bābū; Bengali bābu.

Etymology: Partly < Hindi bābū ( < bābā father (see baba n.²) + -ū , hypocoristic suffix: see rohu n.), and partly < its cognate Bengali bābu.

1. A title of respect typically appended (sometimes prefixed) to the surname of a Hindu man.The title is comparable to English Mr or Esq.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > aristocracy or upper class > gentry > [noun] > gentleman > foreign

hidalgo1594

signor1742

caballero1749

babu1763

signore1820

senhor1830

señor1868

1763 Let. 11 Apr. in Orig. Papers Disturbances in Bengal (1765) II. 194 We have intelligence that Comgar Cawn, Baboo Cawn, and some other Chiefs are plundering the country about Daoudnagur.

1782 India Gaz. 12 Oct. (Subscription-list) Cantoo Baboo..200 Sicca Rupees.

1839 Parbury's Oriental Herald 4 174 Praun Baboo and Pertaub Chund, twin-brothers and hereditary aspirants to the Autocracy of the Punjab.

1896 S. M. Tagore Universal Hist. Mus. 88 A distinguished musician Babu Kally Prosonno Banerji..plays skilfully on the Víná, Sur-báhár and Setár.

1905 Geogr. Jrnl. 25 429 Babu Ram Singh, the sub-surveyor, whose excellent work gained him the title of Rai Sahib.

1936 M. R. Anand Coolie ii. 57 ‘The Muhammadans keep strict purdah, Sir,’ informed Babu Nathoo Ram. ‘And it is the women of the household of Babu Afzul-ul-Haq, running to hide themselves.’

1988 A. Ghosh Shadow Lines (1989) 195 I could see Kana-babu's sweet-shop at the end of their lane with absolute clarity.

2004 T. Khair Bus Stopped 171 Tell them, Mangal babu, I pleaded. Tell them it is not possible for me to refund the money once the ticket has been torn out.

2. A Hindu man, esp. one of relatively high status; (in Anglo-Indian use during the British Raj) an Indian man (esp. a Bengali) who has had a (superficial) English education and is somewhat anglicized; an Indian clerk or minor official who is able to write English; (in later use more generally) an Indian office worker or bureaucrat. Frequently depreciative and in later use often offensive (now chiefly historical).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > public officials > [noun] > Indian

jamadar1763

zilladar1763

collector1772

talukdār1793

jagirdar1794

tehsildar1799

Mull1816

mulligatawny1816

babu1823

multi-membered1923

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > non-manual worker > [noun] > clerical

clerk1512

underwriter1654

conicopoly1680

karkun1803

babu1823

pen-pusher1875

pencil pusher1881

mabalane1925

paper-pusher1942

1823 R. Heber Jrnl. 11 Oct. in Narr. Journey Upper Provinces India (1828) I. ii. 24 Some of the more wealthy ‘Baboos’ (the name of the native Hindoo gentleman, answering to our Esquire).

1844 J. H. Stocqueler Hand-bk. India 350 The slim wasted form of a Newmarket jockey, elbowing a fat ghee-fed Baboo.

1886 S. Vasu Hindoos as they Are xv. 195 The anglicised Babus are certainly well-meaning men,..but a glimmering of European ideas and a servile imitation of Western manners have played sad havoc with their original tendencies.

1901 R. Kipling Kim xiii. 343 The Babu, the slack of his thin gear snapping like a marking-flag in the chill breeze, stood by.

1934 H. G. Wells Exper. in Autobiogr. I. vi. 309 The prose was over-elaborate and with that same flavour of the Babu, to which I have called attention.

1958 L. Durrell Mountolive v. 104 The babu is growing in power... ‘Intellectual coolies of the world unite.’

1972 P. Hardy Muslims of British India v. 124 The Muslims of the upper provinces..feared the undermining of their superior position by competition from Bengali babus.

2001 M. Hughes et al. World Food: India 170 For many men, shopping for food is a daily adventure and a challenge to start the day—the early babu (sir) gets the best fish.

Compounds

Chiefly depreciative. Now chiefly historical.

C1. General attributive, frequently in babu clerk.

ΚΠ

1879 Standard 24 Mar. 2/1 Our postmaster..has not a Baboo clerk, nor even a table, much less pillar-boxes, ledgers, and office tent.

1880 Colburn's United Service Mag. Feb. 157 That extraordinary creation of ours, the Bengal Baboo clerk, a creature without manliness, and whose sole idea is to create official correspondence.

1925 Weekly Westminster 4 July 258 They irritate by their rather Babu familiarity with West End place-names.

1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 5 Mar. 174/3 Robin's babu clerk.

1951 ‘N. Shute’ Round Bend iv. 105 I had never had a shorthand typist, and though the babu clerk was good up to a point, the correspondence was always on top of us.

2000 R. Antoni in N. Hopkinson Whispers from Cotton Tree Root 217 The King had some little baboo-boys there dressed only in what looked to me like diapers.

C2. attributive. Designating language or a linguistic style used by or as if by an Indian (babu) clerk during the British Raj, characterized by grandiose ornamentation, verbosity, and excessive formality; (also more generally) excessively ornate. babu English n. ornate and unidiomatic English regarded as characteristic of an Indian who has learned the language principally from books.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > English > Indian English > mixed or unidiomatic

babu English1838

chee-chee1873

1838 J. Wilson in Asiatic Jrnl. & Monthly Reg. 25 ii. 153/2 If particular care be not taken, there will speedily be a Parbhu-English in Bombay, and a Bábu-English in Calcutta.

1878 ‘G. Eliot’ Let. 27 June (1956) VII. 33 Something more amusing—a bit of Baboo English from an Indian journal.

1885 Churchman Aug. 390 Any book of the New Testament..might be proved by such a method as this to be written in Baboo Greek.

1890 J. S. Farmer Slang I. 86/1 Baboo-English... Its main peculiarity is its grandiloquence, a feature born of an attempt to adapt Western speech to Eastern imagery and hyperbole.

1936 C. S. Lewis Allegory of Love ii. 81 The fantastical ‘babu’ ornaments of the style [of the De Nuptiis] were admired.

1975 D. Davie Ezra Pound 56 Upward decides that ‘idealist’ as thus used is a Babu word.

1991 Lang. in Society 20 420 As an interethnically accessible variety, it was babu English rather than Panjabi that registered race politics.

2001 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 4 Oct. 36/4 Full of..Bombay bombast.., babu babytalk and ad agency neologism.

Derivatives

ˈbabudom n. the world of babus; babus collectively; (also) the fact or condition of being a babu.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > [noun] > condition of having superficial education

babuism1858

babudom1870

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > aristocracy or upper class > gentry > [noun] > gentleman > foreign > condition of baboo(s)

babudom1870

1870 Pall Mall Gaz. 18 July 11/2 Baboodom is making ready for its great protest against education or any other cess.

1880 G. Aberigh-Mackay Twenty-one Days India vi. 53 It is the future of Baboodom I tremble for.

1914 A. M. Pennell Pennell of Afghan Frontier xix. 244 He..sought in the garb of a Sanyasi at Rishi Kesh for the peace which an office and Babudom can never afford.

1992 Pioneer on Sunday (Delhi) 13 Sept. 9/7 His staff, unlike others, cannot bribe their way through babudom because he is, after all, an MP.

ˈbabuism n. the fact or condition of being a babu; the culture, characteristics, or typical behaviour of babus.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > [noun] > condition of having superficial education

babuism1858

babudom1870

1858 Chambers's Jrnl. 16 Jan. 45/2 In British India, babooism may truly be said to signify any condition not involving manual labour.

1922 Blackwood's Mag. Feb. 200/2 Any one who has lived long in India knows how the contented acceptance of the appearance of things will filter through layers of Babuism like a disease.

2007 K. Starkey & N. Tiratsoo Business School & Bottom Line ii. 31 After independence in 1947 the taint of ‘babuism’ lived on.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	babu
释义	babun. Brit. /ˈbɑːbuː/, U.S. /ˈˌbɑˈˌbu/ Forms: 1700s bah-booh (rare), 1700s bauboo, 1700s– baboo, 1800s– babu. Also with capital initial. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Hindi. Partly a borrowing from Bengali. Etymons: Hindi bābū; Bengali bābu. Etymology: Partly < Hindi bābū ( < bābā father (see baba n.²) + -ū , hypocoristic suffix: see rohu n.), and partly < its cognate Bengali bābu. 1. A title of respect typically appended (sometimes prefixed) to the surname of a Hindu man.The title is comparable to English Mr or Esq. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > aristocracy or upper class > gentry > [noun] > gentleman > foreign hidalgo1594 signor1742 caballero1749 babu1763 signore1820 senhor1830 señor1868 1763 Let. 11 Apr. in Orig. Papers Disturbances in Bengal (1765) II. 194 We have intelligence that Comgar Cawn, Baboo Cawn, and some other Chiefs are plundering the country about Daoudnagur. 1782 India Gaz. 12 Oct. (Subscription-list) Cantoo Baboo..200 Sicca Rupees. 1839 Parbury's Oriental Herald 4 174 Praun Baboo and Pertaub Chund, twin-brothers and hereditary aspirants to the Autocracy of the Punjab. 1896 S. M. Tagore Universal Hist. Mus. 88 A distinguished musician Babu Kally Prosonno Banerji..plays skilfully on the Víná, Sur-báhár and Setár. 1905 Geogr. Jrnl. 25 429 Babu Ram Singh, the sub-surveyor, whose excellent work gained him the title of Rai Sahib. 1936 M. R. Anand Coolie ii. 57 ‘The Muhammadans keep strict purdah, Sir,’ informed Babu Nathoo Ram. ‘And it is the women of the household of Babu Afzul-ul-Haq, running to hide themselves.’ 1988 A. Ghosh Shadow Lines (1989) 195 I could see Kana-babu's sweet-shop at the end of their lane with absolute clarity. 2004 T. Khair Bus Stopped 171 Tell them, Mangal babu, I pleaded. Tell them it is not possible for me to refund the money once the ticket has been torn out. 2. A Hindu man, esp. one of relatively high status; (in Anglo-Indian use during the British Raj) an Indian man (esp. a Bengali) who has had a (superficial) English education and is somewhat anglicized; an Indian clerk or minor official who is able to write English; (in later use more generally) an Indian office worker or bureaucrat. Frequently depreciative and in later use often offensive (now chiefly historical). ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > public officials > [noun] > Indian jamadar1763 zilladar1763 collector1772 talukdār1793 jagirdar1794 tehsildar1799 Mull1816 mulligatawny1816 babu1823 multi-membered1923 society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > non-manual worker > [noun] > clerical clerk1512 underwriter1654 conicopoly1680 karkun1803 babu1823 pen-pusher1875 pencil pusher1881 mabalane1925 paper-pusher1942 1823 R. Heber Jrnl. 11 Oct. in Narr. Journey Upper Provinces India (1828) I. ii. 24 Some of the more wealthy ‘Baboos’ (the name of the native Hindoo gentleman, answering to our Esquire). 1844 J. H. Stocqueler Hand-bk. India 350 The slim wasted form of a Newmarket jockey, elbowing a fat ghee-fed Baboo. 1886 S. Vasu Hindoos as they Are xv. 195 The anglicised Babus are certainly well-meaning men,..but a glimmering of European ideas and a servile imitation of Western manners have played sad havoc with their original tendencies. 1901 R. Kipling Kim xiii. 343 The Babu, the slack of his thin gear snapping like a marking-flag in the chill breeze, stood by. 1934 H. G. Wells Exper. in Autobiogr. I. vi. 309 The prose was over-elaborate and with that same flavour of the Babu, to which I have called attention. 1958 L. Durrell Mountolive v. 104 The babu is growing in power... ‘Intellectual coolies of the world unite.’ 1972 P. Hardy Muslims of British India v. 124 The Muslims of the upper provinces..feared the undermining of their superior position by competition from Bengali babus. 2001 M. Hughes et al. World Food: India 170 For many men, shopping for food is a daily adventure and a challenge to start the day—the early babu (sir) gets the best fish. Compounds Chiefly depreciative. Now chiefly historical. C1. General attributive, frequently in babu clerk. ΚΠ 1879 Standard 24 Mar. 2/1 Our postmaster..has not a Baboo clerk, nor even a table, much less pillar-boxes, ledgers, and office tent. 1880 Colburn's United Service Mag. Feb. 157 That extraordinary creation of ours, the Bengal Baboo clerk, a creature without manliness, and whose sole idea is to create official correspondence. 1925 Weekly Westminster 4 July 258 They irritate by their rather Babu familiarity with West End place-names. 1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 5 Mar. 174/3 Robin's babu clerk. 1951 ‘N. Shute’ Round Bend iv. 105 I had never had a shorthand typist, and though the babu clerk was good up to a point, the correspondence was always on top of us. 2000 R. Antoni in N. Hopkinson Whispers from Cotton Tree Root 217 The King had some little baboo-boys there dressed only in what looked to me like diapers. C2. attributive. Designating language or a linguistic style used by or as if by an Indian (babu) clerk during the British Raj, characterized by grandiose ornamentation, verbosity, and excessive formality; (also more generally) excessively ornate. babu English n. ornate and unidiomatic English regarded as characteristic of an Indian who has learned the language principally from books. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > English > Indian English > mixed or unidiomatic babu English1838 chee-chee1873 1838 J. Wilson in Asiatic Jrnl. & Monthly Reg. 25 ii. 153/2 If particular care be not taken, there will speedily be a Parbhu-English in Bombay, and a Bábu-English in Calcutta. 1878 ‘G. Eliot’ Let. 27 June (1956) VII. 33 Something more amusing—a bit of Baboo English from an Indian journal. 1885 Churchman Aug. 390 Any book of the New Testament..might be proved by such a method as this to be written in Baboo Greek. 1890 J. S. Farmer Slang I. 86/1 Baboo-English... Its main peculiarity is its grandiloquence, a feature born of an attempt to adapt Western speech to Eastern imagery and hyperbole. 1936 C. S. Lewis Allegory of Love ii. 81 The fantastical ‘babu’ ornaments of the style [of the De Nuptiis] were admired. 1975 D. Davie Ezra Pound 56 Upward decides that ‘idealist’ as thus used is a Babu word. 1991 Lang. in Society 20 420 As an interethnically accessible variety, it was babu English rather than Panjabi that registered race politics. 2001 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 4 Oct. 36/4 Full of..Bombay bombast.., babu babytalk and ad agency neologism. Derivatives ˈbabudom n. the world of babus; babus collectively; (also) the fact or condition of being a babu. ΘΚΠ society > education > [noun] > condition of having superficial education babuism1858 babudom1870 society > society and the community > social class > nobility > aristocracy or upper class > gentry > [noun] > gentleman > foreign > condition of baboo(s) babudom1870 1870 Pall Mall Gaz. 18 July 11/2 Baboodom is making ready for its great protest against education or any other cess. 1880 G. Aberigh-Mackay Twenty-one Days India vi. 53 It is the future of Baboodom I tremble for. 1914 A. M. Pennell Pennell of Afghan Frontier xix. 244 He..sought in the garb of a Sanyasi at Rishi Kesh for the peace which an office and Babudom can never afford. 1992 Pioneer on Sunday (Delhi) 13 Sept. 9/7 His staff, unlike others, cannot bribe their way through babudom because he is, after all, an MP. ˈbabuism n. the fact or condition of being a babu; the culture, characteristics, or typical behaviour of babus. ΘΚΠ society > education > [noun] > condition of having superficial education babuism1858 babudom1870 1858 Chambers's Jrnl. 16 Jan. 45/2 In British India, babooism may truly be said to signify any condition not involving manual labour. 1922 Blackwood's Mag. Feb. 200/2 Any one who has lived long in India knows how the contented acceptance of the appearance of things will filter through layers of Babuism like a disease. 2007 K. Starkey & N. Tiratsoo Business School & Bottom Line ii. 31 After independence in 1947 the taint of ‘babuism’ lived on. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1763
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