mobilityn.¹

Brit.

/mə(ʊ)ˈbɪlᵻti/, U.S.

/moʊˈbɪlᵻdi/

Forms: late Middle English mobilitee, late Middle English mobylite, 1500s mobilite, 1500s mobilitie, 1500s mobitie (transmission error), 1500s mobylitie, 1500s– mobility.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French mobilité; Latin mōbilitās.

Etymology: < Middle French, French mobilité (c1240 in Old French; c1200 as mobiliteit in sense 2a; late 14th cent. in sense ‘character of that which is mobile’; late 17th cent. in sense ‘ability to pass easily from one psychological state to another’) and its etymon classical Latin mōbilitāt-, mōbilitās ability to move, quickness of the mind or body, inconstancy, fickleness < mōbilis mobile adj.¹ + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix).In sense 4b after German Beweglichkeit (1876 in this sense: F. Kohlrausch, in Nachrichten von der Königl. Ges. der Wissensch. u. der Georg-Augustus Universität zu Göttingen 17 May 220).

a. The ability to move or to be moved; capacity for movement or change of place; movableness, portability.In early use sometimes enumerated among the properties of matter.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > [noun] > ability to move or be moved

movablenessa1398

mobility?a1425

motility1822

movability1824

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 127^v And cause of þis [strabismus] is cancellacioun of þe ydolez in þe onyng or in þe crosse..of neruez obtices; And to þis makeþ subtilitee & mobilitee [?c1425 Paris movynge; L. mobilitas] of spirit.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xv. 57 Wherby arose one euylle goddesse callyd fame or renommee, whiche..by mobylite vygorouse encreaseth her forse in rennynge.

a1535 T. More Wks. (R.)  iiij I am Eternitee... Thou mortall Tyme..Art nothyng els but the mobilite, Of sonne and mone chaungyng in euery degre.

a1639 H. Wotton Philos. Surv. Educ. in Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1651) 318 A rod or barre of iron..by the help of a corke..being ballanced in water, or in any other liquid substance where it may have a free mobility, will bewray a kind of unquietude.

1669 R. Boyle Absolute Rest in Bodies §2 The Epicureans..ascribing to every particular Atom an innate, and unlooseable mobility, or rather, an actual motion.

1688 J. Norris Theory & Regulation Love i. iii. 18 The two Eminent Propertys of matter, viz. that of receiving various Figures, and that of Motion or Mobility.

1739 D. Hume Treat. Human Nature I. iv. 417 Mobility, and separability are the distinguishing properties of extended objects.

1792 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 82 221 The thermometers I employed had not a sufficient mobility for very nice experiments.

1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. IV. xlix. 404 Of all that are known in the universe, the mobility of the matter of light is the greatest.

1837 D. Brewster Treat. Magnetism 322 The mobility of the needle is diminished.

1841 D. Brewster Martyrs of Sci. i. v. 97 Paul Anthony Foscarinus..wrote a pamphlet, in which he illustrates and defends the mobility of the earth.

1926 J. W. Gregory in Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1925 316 The increasing evidence of the mobility of the earth's crust has prepared the way for a sympathetic reception of Wegener's theory of continental drift.

1957 Oxf. Compan. Theatre (ed. 2) 472/2 The mobility of the bridge is allied in control with the ‘perches’ or ladder-type boomerangs, which can be moved on or off stage according to the width of the scene.

1991 Gramophone Jan. 1445/3 This tiny DAT machine..gives astonishingly good results, primarily where its miniaturization and mobility outweigh the disadvantages of its microscopically small controls.

b. Movement or capacity for movement of a limb, part, or organ of the body. Also: liability of a limb, part, or organ to be abnormally displaced.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > loose or stiff condition > [noun]

starknessOE

lithenessa1464

mobility1528

leathwakeness1548

stiffness1552

supplement1583

suppleness1603

spring1641

limber1786

lubricity1809

limberness1835

lissomness1857

1528 T. Paynell tr. Arnaldus de Villa Nova in Joannes de Mediolano Regimen Sanitatis Salerni ii. sig. fiii The .ii. cause [of over-much bleeding] is mobilitie of the arterie,..for woundes with out rest can nat heale.

1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Medicinal Materials i, in Medicinal Dispensatory sig. Gg3^v It effects nigritude, mobility, and rubiginy in them [sc. the teeth].

1688 R. Boyle Disquis. Final Causes ii. 55 Nature not having given that mobility to the eyes of flies.

1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 165 All that the former [sc. the tarsus] has gained with respect to size and solidity, it appears to have lost with reference to mobility.

1872 T. G. Thomas Pract. Treat. Dis. Women (ed. 3) 59 In estimating the effects of direct pressure upon the position of the uterus, its extreme mobility must be constantly borne in mind.

1881 St. G. Mivart Cat 54 The mobility of the spinal column in different regions.

1932 W. G. Ball & G. Evans Dis. Kidney xiii. 394 Nephropexy has proved a sufficient method of treatment of mild degrees of hydronephrosis associated with excessive mobility of the kidney.

1967 Canad. Med. Assoc. Jrnl. 8 July 50/1 A significantly affected part was defined as one showing a mobility less than 90% of normal.

1987 D. J. Weatherall et al. Oxf. Textbk. Med. (ed. 2) I. ix. 183/1 The muscles of immobilized limbs rapidly waste... Neither skeletal nor muscular wasting can be satisfactorily prevented or reversed until mobility is restored.

c. Ease or freedom of movement; capacity for rapid or comfortable locomotion or travel.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > [noun] > unimpeded movement

play1644

mobility1777

free play1891

the world > movement > progressive motion > [noun] > faculty or opportunity of

coursec1400

locomotive faculty1612

locomotive power1640

locomotive1649

locomotivity1752

mobility1777

locomobility1785

travel1816

locomotility1828

motiveness1828

1777 S. Johnson Let. 29 Sept. (1992) III. 78 Mrs. Langton grows old, and has lost much of her undulation and mobility.

1779 S. Johnson Let. 16 Oct. (1992) III. 189 I am told how well I look, and I really think I get more mobility.

1957 A. C. Clarke Deep Range i. iv. 46 Without flippers, he had little mobility underwater, but fortunately there were sufficient hand-holds for him to move along the torpedo without difficulty.

1963 W. S. Churchill Let. in Times 2 May 12/4 The accident which I suffered last year has greatly decreased my mobility.

1988 Independent 12 Oct. 20/1 Congestion..destroys the very thing which the motorist most seeks: mobility.

a. The ability or tendency to change easily or quickly; changeableness, instability; fickleness. Now chiefly literary.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > changeableness > [noun]

unstablenessc1340

varyingc1380

uncertaintyc1384

brotelnessc1386

were1390

instabilityc1422

bricklenessa1425

changeability?a1425

changeableness1447

vertibility1447

mutability?a1475

variableness?a1475

inconstance1509

mutationa1542

fickleness1548

variety1548

unconstancy1563

mobility1567

unstability1572

vicissitude1576

variousness1607

inconstancy1613

slipperinessa1618

alterableness1633

versatilousness1640

bottomlessness1642

lability1651

brittlety1652

versatileness1654

fluctuancy1659

fugitivenessa1661

alterability1661

permutability1662

unfixedness1668

mutablenessa1677

flittingnessa1680

frailness1687

flittiness1692

versability1721

plasticity1727

variability1771

unestablishment1776

fluctuabilitya1786

changefulness1791

unsettledness1799

versatility1802

harlequinism1808

fluidity1824

fitfulness1825

sensitiveness1825

insubstantiality1848

contingency1858

rootlessness1859

shiftingness1866

ficklety1888

variancy1888

impredicability1906

proteanism1909

1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. i. sig. Ciii^v [There is not] anye so greate a paterne or example of her [sc. fortune's] mobitie [1579 mobility], as they that fynde often chaunge of estate.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Mobility, moveableness, changeableness, inconstancy.

a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) iv. vii. 356 We cannot choose but daily observe in our selves a strange mobility and instability in our Imaginative and Intellective Faculty.

1822 T. Taylor tr. Apuleius Metamorphosis 230 She..transferred, with a lubricous mobility [L. mobilitate lubrica], her nefarious love to a far more pernicious hatred.

1829 I. Taylor Nat. Hist. Enthusiasm iv. 84 In the conformation of the heretic by temperament there is more of intellectual mobility than of strength.

1873 P. G. Hamerton Intellect. Life (1875) ix. iv. 315 The mobility of fashionable taste.

1884 B. Bosanquet et al. tr. H. Lotze Metaphysic 8 I do not ignore the many valuable results that are due to this mobility of imagination.

1920 D. H. Lawrence Women in Love xvii. 258 Only Birkin kept the fear definitely off him..by the odd mobility and changeableness which seemed to contain the quintessence of faith.

1991 S. Hornblower Greek World (BNC) 54 West Greek cities oscillate between prosperity and obliteration, justifying all Pindar's insistence on the mobility of fortune.

b. Tendency or susceptibility to rapid emotional change; impressionability; excitability. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > [noun]

suscitability1612

fieriness1625

heat1689

inflammability1787

excitability1797

mobility1824

inflammableness1830

excitableness1875

gustiness1901

1824 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XVI xcvii. 112 So well she acted, all and every part By turns—with that vivacious versatility, Which many people take forwant of heart. They err—'tis merely what is call'd mobility... Note, In French ‘mobilité’. I am not sure that mobility is English, but it is expressive of a quality which rather belongs to other climates... It may be defined as an excessive susceptibility of immediate impressions.

1837 C. Lofft Self-formation II. 225 I had not the excitable spirit, the mobility, to use their own term, of our French neighbours.

1870 T. H. Huxley Lay Serm. ii. 27 Women are, by nature, more excitable than men—prone to be swept by tides of emotion,..and female education does its best to weaken every physical counterpoise to this nervous mobility.

1990 C. Paglia Sexual Personae xiii. 354 The mobile male is receptive and half feminine. I myself hit upon ‘mobility’ to describe the psychic volatility of Shakespeare's boys and women.

c. Tendency to change expression readily and frequently; fluidity of facial expression; expressiveness.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > appearance or aspect > [noun] > facial appearance or expression > facility of change of expression

mobility1839

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > [noun] > variation of expression

volubility1659

mobility1839

1839 E. Bulwer-Lytton Richelieu v. iii. 108 The extraordinary mobility of his countenance..always lent itself to stage effect.

1845 E. Holmes Life Mozart 298 Mozart's physiognomy was remarkable for its extreme mobility. The expression changed every moment.

1884 Graphic 4 Oct. 357 A mouth with a sympathetic mobility about it.

a1911 D. G. Phillips Susan Lenox (1917) I. v. 74 The young mobility of her features suggested the easy swaying of the baby sapling in the gentlest breeze.

1984 H. Jacobson Peeping Tom (1985) i. iv. 109 Rowland Fitzpier's face was all mobility. I was struck by his ability to twitch his top and bottom lip.

1989 E. Hoffman Lost in Transl. (1991) iii. 236 I've inhibited the capricious, impulsive mobility of expression that's the sign of the feminine here.

3. Military. The ability of a military force or its equipment to move or be moved rapidly from one position to another.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > for rapid movement > ability for

mobility1727

1727 J. Arbuthnot Tables Anc. Coins 244 The Romans had the advantage..by the Bulk of their Ships, and the Fleet of Antiochus in the Swiftness and Mobility of theirs.

1861 H. L. Scott Mil. Dict. 77 Nothing so seriously impairs the mobility of an army in the field as its baggage-train.

1871 C. H. Owen Mod. Artillery iii. iii. 329 Other means have been taken to give field batteries the greater mobility now required on some occasions.

1894 Ld. Wolseley Life Marlborough I. 89 A new and well-ordered mobility and a facility of manœuvre was taught.

1929 H. Rowan-Robinson Further Aspects of Mechanization ii. 9 The motorization of infantry and cavalry divisions furnishes..additional strategic mobility.

1967 New Scientist 17 Aug. 328/1 A lieutenant colonel of the Vietcong..confessed himself unimpressed by the white men's mobility in jungle conditions.

1991 Pacific Rev. 4 230 One of the prime lessons learned from ‘Kangaroo 89’ was that the Australian army suffers from poor tactical mobility.

a. Chiefly Physics. The degree of movement of the particles of a liquid or gas; the mobile quality of a liquid or gas. Cf. mobile adj.¹ 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > [noun] > qualities of liquid > freedom of movement

mobility1817

1817 M. Faraday in Q. Jrnl. Sci. & Arts July 355 The actual relative mobilities of the gases, are inversely as their specific gravities.

1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 232 The perfect mobility of their parts [sc. those of liquids] among one another.

1879 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. (ed. 6) I. x. 311 The mobility of hydrogen..being far greater than that of air.

1914 Jrnl. Ecol. 2 214 The physical structure of the soil obviously plays an important part in determining the mobility of the soil solution.

1967 Gloss. Packaging Terms (ed. 4) 93 Mobility, ease of flow of a liquid or viscous substance, such as an adhesive. The reciprocal of viscosity.

1987 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 4724/1 (caption) Interaction energy between two adsorbed lecithin bilayers..showing the effect of interfacial mobility (fluidity) in enhancing..repulsion between the bilayers.

b. Chemistry and Physics. The degree to which a charge carrier undergoes movement in a definite direction in response to an electric field.Now usually expressed as the average speed (in centimetres per second) in a field of one volt per centimetre, divided by the net number of charges on the carrier.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > ions, ionization, or electrolysis > [noun] > electrolysis > miscellaneous other related concepts

throwing power1854

mobility1895

oxidation potential1900

single-electrode1913

Wien effect1929

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > area of influence > [noun] > responsive movement

mobility1895

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric charge, electricity > [noun] > process of charging > degree of movement

mobility1895

1895 C. S. Palmer tr. W. Nernst Theoret. Chem. ii. vii. 315 The term mobility (Beweglichkeit) or velocity of transport will mean..the velocity with which 1 g.-ion will be transported under the influence of a pull of 1, e.g. 1 kilogram weight.

1895 C. S. Palmer tr. W. Nernst Theoret. Chem. ii. vii. 317 The conductivity of a solution of a binary electrolyte is greater in accordance as it contains more free ions, and according as these have a greater mobility.

1912 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 101 ii. 1276 The following figures..are the results of the chief researches on the mobility of the hydrogen ion... All values are expressed in terms of the reciprocal ohm.

1950 W. J. Moore Physical Chem. xv. 434 With two exceptions, the ionic mobilities in aqueous solutions do not differ as to order of magnitude, being all around 6 × 10^–4 cm² sec.^–1 volt^–1.

1987 J. Millman & A. Grabel Microelectronics (ed. 2) iv. 148 The hole mobility in silicon at normal field intensities is about 500 cm²/(V.s.).

1992 Cambr. Encycl. Human Evol. (1994) vii. ii. 266/1 A third of the enzymes surveyed showed differences in electrophoretic mobility between two randomly chosen Englishmen.

5. Chiefly Sociology. The ability or potential of individuals within a society to move between different social levels (more fully vertical mobility) or between different occupations, etc. (more fully horizontal mobility); the ability or potential of a workforce to move from place to place.See also social mobility n. at social adj. and n. Compounds 2, downward mobility n. at downward adv., adj., and prep. Compounds 2, upward mobility at upward adv. 1e.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > [noun] > social mobility

social mobility1860

mobility1866

downward mobility1929

upward mobility1949

spiralism1957

1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. iv. 108 Labour, on which so many circumstances are now conferring mobility and expansion.

1889 Spectator 12 Oct. 476/1 It is within the province of the State to promote the mobility of labour and capital.

1900 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 6 377 (caption) Mobility of type.

1927 P. A. Sorokin Social Mobility ii. vii. 136 The intensiveness of the vertical mobility may be measured in the same way in the field of the political and occupational stratifications.

1938 T. H. Marshall Class Conflict 111 The use of mobility as an excuse for inequality is usually associated with a measure of self-deception.

1956 C. W. Mills Power Elite xv. 349 Only if the criteria of the top positions were meritorious..could we smuggle merit into such statistics of mobility.

1974 tr. W. F. Wertheim Evol. & Revol. ii. 209 We have seen..that increased horizontal mobility (urban migration, plantation labour, enlistment for military works) may be typical of a pre-revolutionary situation.

1986 Scotsman 31 July (Property Market Suppl.) 1/2 Recent studies..have shown the crucial role that housing plays in labour mobility.

6. Geology and Ecology. The degree to which a substance (e.g. a mineral, pollutant, etc.) tends to be transported in a medium or system, or dispersed from its point of origin or introduction.

ΚΠ

1922 Jrnl. Ecol. 10 251 If..calcium is abundant the mobility of the fatty acids is largely destroyed, and the roots tend to become coated with insoluble calcium soaps.

1937 A. Muir tr. B. B. Polynov Cycle of Weathering v. 160 Redistribution in space and time depends on the varying mobility of the different compounds of which the products consist.

1960 E. S. Simpson in Disposal Radioactive Wastes (Internat. Atomic Energy Agency) II. 517 Intermediate containment environments are intended to slow down significantly the mobility of radioactive wastes.

1998 Physics & Chem. Earth 23 211 (title) Effect of fluctuating input of dissolved organic matter on long-term mobility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils.

Compounds

mobility scooter n. a light electrically powered vehicle, typically with four wheels and an open top and sides, designed for people with limited independent mobility.

ΚΠ

1989 Capital Times (Madison, Wisconsin) 20 Sept. 34/1 Rascal electric mobility scooter for the handicapped.

2000 Disability Now May 27/3 I bought a lightweight wheelchair..and a motorised mobility scooter.

2012 Daily Tel. 2 Mar. 9/1 After a number of incidents..owners of mobility scooters are being issued with official guidelines to ensure their safety.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mobility
释义	mobilityn.¹ Brit. /mə(ʊ)ˈbɪlᵻti/, U.S. /moʊˈbɪlᵻdi/ Forms: late Middle English mobilitee, late Middle English mobylite, 1500s mobilite, 1500s mobilitie, 1500s mobitie (transmission error), 1500s mobylitie, 1500s– mobility. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French mobilité; Latin mōbilitās. Etymology: < Middle French, French mobilité (c1240 in Old French; c1200 as mobiliteit in sense 2a; late 14th cent. in sense ‘character of that which is mobile’; late 17th cent. in sense ‘ability to pass easily from one psychological state to another’) and its etymon classical Latin mōbilitāt-, mōbilitās ability to move, quickness of the mind or body, inconstancy, fickleness < mōbilis mobile adj.¹ + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix).In sense 4b after German Beweglichkeit (1876 in this sense: F. Kohlrausch, in Nachrichten von der Königl. Ges. der Wissensch. u. der Georg-Augustus Universität zu Göttingen 17 May 220). 1. a. The ability to move or to be moved; capacity for movement or change of place; movableness, portability.In early use sometimes enumerated among the properties of matter. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > [noun] > ability to move or be moved movablenessa1398 mobility?a1425 motility1822 movability1824 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 127^v And cause of þis [strabismus] is cancellacioun of þe ydolez in þe onyng or in þe crosse..of neruez obtices; And to þis makeþ subtilitee & mobilitee [?c1425 Paris movynge; L. mobilitas] of spirit. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xv. 57 Wherby arose one euylle goddesse callyd fame or renommee, whiche..by mobylite vygorouse encreaseth her forse in rennynge. a1535 T. More Wks. (R.)  iiij I am Eternitee... Thou mortall Tyme..Art nothyng els but the mobilite, Of sonne and mone chaungyng in euery degre. a1639 H. Wotton Philos. Surv. Educ. in Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1651) 318 A rod or barre of iron..by the help of a corke..being ballanced in water, or in any other liquid substance where it may have a free mobility, will bewray a kind of unquietude. 1669 R. Boyle Absolute Rest in Bodies §2 The Epicureans..ascribing to every particular Atom an innate, and unlooseable mobility, or rather, an actual motion. 1688 J. Norris Theory & Regulation Love i. iii. 18 The two Eminent Propertys of matter, viz. that of receiving various Figures, and that of Motion or Mobility. 1739 D. Hume Treat. Human Nature I. iv. 417 Mobility, and separability are the distinguishing properties of extended objects. 1792 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 82 221 The thermometers I employed had not a sufficient mobility for very nice experiments. 1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. IV. xlix. 404 Of all that are known in the universe, the mobility of the matter of light is the greatest. 1837 D. Brewster Treat. Magnetism 322 The mobility of the needle is diminished. 1841 D. Brewster Martyrs of Sci. i. v. 97 Paul Anthony Foscarinus..wrote a pamphlet, in which he illustrates and defends the mobility of the earth. 1926 J. W. Gregory in Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1925 316 The increasing evidence of the mobility of the earth's crust has prepared the way for a sympathetic reception of Wegener's theory of continental drift. 1957 Oxf. Compan. Theatre (ed. 2) 472/2 The mobility of the bridge is allied in control with the ‘perches’ or ladder-type boomerangs, which can be moved on or off stage according to the width of the scene. 1991 Gramophone Jan. 1445/3 This tiny DAT machine..gives astonishingly good results, primarily where its miniaturization and mobility outweigh the disadvantages of its microscopically small controls. b. Movement or capacity for movement of a limb, part, or organ of the body. Also: liability of a limb, part, or organ to be abnormally displaced. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > loose or stiff condition > [noun] starknessOE lithenessa1464 mobility1528 leathwakeness1548 stiffness1552 supplement1583 suppleness1603 spring1641 limber1786 lubricity1809 limberness1835 lissomness1857 1528 T. Paynell tr. Arnaldus de Villa Nova in Joannes de Mediolano Regimen Sanitatis Salerni ii. sig. fiii The .ii. cause [of over-much bleeding] is mobilitie of the arterie,..for woundes with out rest can nat heale. 1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Medicinal Materials i, in Medicinal Dispensatory sig. Gg3^v It effects nigritude, mobility, and rubiginy in them [sc. the teeth]. 1688 R. Boyle Disquis. Final Causes ii. 55 Nature not having given that mobility to the eyes of flies. 1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 165 All that the former [sc. the tarsus] has gained with respect to size and solidity, it appears to have lost with reference to mobility. 1872 T. G. Thomas Pract. Treat. Dis. Women (ed. 3) 59 In estimating the effects of direct pressure upon the position of the uterus, its extreme mobility must be constantly borne in mind. 1881 St. G. Mivart Cat 54 The mobility of the spinal column in different regions. 1932 W. G. Ball & G. Evans Dis. Kidney xiii. 394 Nephropexy has proved a sufficient method of treatment of mild degrees of hydronephrosis associated with excessive mobility of the kidney. 1967 Canad. Med. Assoc. Jrnl. 8 July 50/1 A significantly affected part was defined as one showing a mobility less than 90% of normal. 1987 D. J. Weatherall et al. Oxf. Textbk. Med. (ed. 2) I. ix. 183/1 The muscles of immobilized limbs rapidly waste... Neither skeletal nor muscular wasting can be satisfactorily prevented or reversed until mobility is restored. c. Ease or freedom of movement; capacity for rapid or comfortable locomotion or travel. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > [noun] > unimpeded movement play1644 mobility1777 free play1891 the world > movement > progressive motion > [noun] > faculty or opportunity of coursec1400 locomotive faculty1612 locomotive power1640 locomotive1649 locomotivity1752 mobility1777 locomobility1785 travel1816 locomotility1828 motiveness1828 1777 S. Johnson Let. 29 Sept. (1992) III. 78 Mrs. Langton grows old, and has lost much of her undulation and mobility. 1779 S. Johnson Let. 16 Oct. (1992) III. 189 I am told how well I look, and I really think I get more mobility. 1957 A. C. Clarke Deep Range i. iv. 46 Without flippers, he had little mobility underwater, but fortunately there were sufficient hand-holds for him to move along the torpedo without difficulty. 1963 W. S. Churchill Let. in Times 2 May 12/4 The accident which I suffered last year has greatly decreased my mobility. 1988 Independent 12 Oct. 20/1 Congestion..destroys the very thing which the motorist most seeks: mobility. 2. a. The ability or tendency to change easily or quickly; changeableness, instability; fickleness. Now chiefly literary. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > changeableness > [noun] unstablenessc1340 varyingc1380 uncertaintyc1384 brotelnessc1386 were1390 instabilityc1422 bricklenessa1425 changeability?a1425 changeableness1447 vertibility1447 mutability?a1475 variableness?a1475 inconstance1509 mutationa1542 fickleness1548 variety1548 unconstancy1563 mobility1567 unstability1572 vicissitude1576 variousness1607 inconstancy1613 slipperinessa1618 alterableness1633 versatilousness1640 bottomlessness1642 lability1651 brittlety1652 versatileness1654 fluctuancy1659 fugitivenessa1661 alterability1661 permutability1662 unfixedness1668 mutablenessa1677 flittingnessa1680 frailness1687 flittiness1692 versability1721 plasticity1727 variability1771 unestablishment1776 fluctuabilitya1786 changefulness1791 unsettledness1799 versatility1802 harlequinism1808 fluidity1824 fitfulness1825 sensitiveness1825 insubstantiality1848 contingency1858 rootlessness1859 shiftingness1866 ficklety1888 variancy1888 impredicability1906 proteanism1909 1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. i. sig. Ciii^v [There is not] anye so greate a paterne or example of her [sc. fortune's] mobitie [1579 mobility], as they that fynde often chaunge of estate. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Mobility, moveableness, changeableness, inconstancy. a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) iv. vii. 356 We cannot choose but daily observe in our selves a strange mobility and instability in our Imaginative and Intellective Faculty. 1822 T. Taylor tr. Apuleius Metamorphosis 230 She..transferred, with a lubricous mobility [L. mobilitate lubrica], her nefarious love to a far more pernicious hatred. 1829 I. Taylor Nat. Hist. Enthusiasm iv. 84 In the conformation of the heretic by temperament there is more of intellectual mobility than of strength. 1873 P. G. Hamerton Intellect. Life (1875) ix. iv. 315 The mobility of fashionable taste. 1884 B. Bosanquet et al. tr. H. Lotze Metaphysic 8 I do not ignore the many valuable results that are due to this mobility of imagination. 1920 D. H. Lawrence Women in Love xvii. 258 Only Birkin kept the fear definitely off him..by the odd mobility and changeableness which seemed to contain the quintessence of faith. 1991 S. Hornblower Greek World (BNC) 54 West Greek cities oscillate between prosperity and obliteration, justifying all Pindar's insistence on the mobility of fortune. b. Tendency or susceptibility to rapid emotional change; impressionability; excitability. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > [noun] suscitability1612 fieriness1625 heat1689 inflammability1787 excitability1797 mobility1824 inflammableness1830 excitableness1875 gustiness1901 1824 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XVI xcvii. 112 So well she acted, all and every part By turns—with that vivacious versatility, Which many people take forwant of heart. They err—'tis merely what is call'd mobility... Note, In French ‘mobilité’. I am not sure that mobility is English, but it is expressive of a quality which rather belongs to other climates... It may be defined as an excessive susceptibility of immediate impressions. 1837 C. Lofft Self-formation II. 225 I had not the excitable spirit, the mobility, to use their own term, of our French neighbours. 1870 T. H. Huxley Lay Serm. ii. 27 Women are, by nature, more excitable than men—prone to be swept by tides of emotion,..and female education does its best to weaken every physical counterpoise to this nervous mobility. 1990 C. Paglia Sexual Personae xiii. 354 The mobile male is receptive and half feminine. I myself hit upon ‘mobility’ to describe the psychic volatility of Shakespeare's boys and women. c. Tendency to change expression readily and frequently; fluidity of facial expression; expressiveness. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > appearance or aspect > [noun] > facial appearance or expression > facility of change of expression mobility1839 the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > [noun] > variation of expression volubility1659 mobility1839 1839 E. Bulwer-Lytton Richelieu v. iii. 108 The extraordinary mobility of his countenance..always lent itself to stage effect. 1845 E. Holmes Life Mozart 298 Mozart's physiognomy was remarkable for its extreme mobility. The expression changed every moment. 1884 Graphic 4 Oct. 357 A mouth with a sympathetic mobility about it. a1911 D. G. Phillips Susan Lenox (1917) I. v. 74 The young mobility of her features suggested the easy swaying of the baby sapling in the gentlest breeze. 1984 H. Jacobson Peeping Tom (1985) i. iv. 109 Rowland Fitzpier's face was all mobility. I was struck by his ability to twitch his top and bottom lip. 1989 E. Hoffman Lost in Transl. (1991) iii. 236 I've inhibited the capricious, impulsive mobility of expression that's the sign of the feminine here. 3. Military. The ability of a military force or its equipment to move or be moved rapidly from one position to another. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > for rapid movement > ability for mobility1727 1727 J. Arbuthnot Tables Anc. Coins 244 The Romans had the advantage..by the Bulk of their Ships, and the Fleet of Antiochus in the Swiftness and Mobility of theirs. 1861 H. L. Scott Mil. Dict. 77 Nothing so seriously impairs the mobility of an army in the field as its baggage-train. 1871 C. H. Owen Mod. Artillery iii. iii. 329 Other means have been taken to give field batteries the greater mobility now required on some occasions. 1894 Ld. Wolseley Life Marlborough I. 89 A new and well-ordered mobility and a facility of manœuvre was taught. 1929 H. Rowan-Robinson Further Aspects of Mechanization ii. 9 The motorization of infantry and cavalry divisions furnishes..additional strategic mobility. 1967 New Scientist 17 Aug. 328/1 A lieutenant colonel of the Vietcong..confessed himself unimpressed by the white men's mobility in jungle conditions. 1991 Pacific Rev. 4 230 One of the prime lessons learned from ‘Kangaroo 89’ was that the Australian army suffers from poor tactical mobility. 4. a. Chiefly Physics. The degree of movement of the particles of a liquid or gas; the mobile quality of a liquid or gas. Cf. mobile adj.¹ 3. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > [noun] > qualities of liquid > freedom of movement mobility1817 1817 M. Faraday in Q. Jrnl. Sci. & Arts July 355 The actual relative mobilities of the gases, are inversely as their specific gravities. 1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 232 The perfect mobility of their parts [sc. those of liquids] among one another. 1879 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. (ed. 6) I. x. 311 The mobility of hydrogen..being far greater than that of air. 1914 Jrnl. Ecol. 2 214 The physical structure of the soil obviously plays an important part in determining the mobility of the soil solution. 1967 Gloss. Packaging Terms (ed. 4) 93 Mobility, ease of flow of a liquid or viscous substance, such as an adhesive. The reciprocal of viscosity. 1987 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 4724/1 (caption) Interaction energy between two adsorbed lecithin bilayers..showing the effect of interfacial mobility (fluidity) in enhancing..repulsion between the bilayers. b. Chemistry and Physics. The degree to which a charge carrier undergoes movement in a definite direction in response to an electric field.Now usually expressed as the average speed (in centimetres per second) in a field of one volt per centimetre, divided by the net number of charges on the carrier. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > ions, ionization, or electrolysis > [noun] > electrolysis > miscellaneous other related concepts throwing power1854 mobility1895 oxidation potential1900 single-electrode1913 Wien effect1929 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > area of influence > [noun] > responsive movement mobility1895 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric charge, electricity > [noun] > process of charging > degree of movement mobility1895 1895 C. S. Palmer tr. W. Nernst Theoret. Chem. ii. vii. 315 The term mobility (Beweglichkeit) or velocity of transport will mean..the velocity with which 1 g.-ion will be transported under the influence of a pull of 1, e.g. 1 kilogram weight. 1895 C. S. Palmer tr. W. Nernst Theoret. Chem. ii. vii. 317 The conductivity of a solution of a binary electrolyte is greater in accordance as it contains more free ions, and according as these have a greater mobility. 1912 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 101 ii. 1276 The following figures..are the results of the chief researches on the mobility of the hydrogen ion... All values are expressed in terms of the reciprocal ohm. 1950 W. J. Moore Physical Chem. xv. 434 With two exceptions, the ionic mobilities in aqueous solutions do not differ as to order of magnitude, being all around 6 × 10^–4 cm² sec.^–1 volt^–1. 1987 J. Millman & A. Grabel Microelectronics (ed. 2) iv. 148 The hole mobility in silicon at normal field intensities is about 500 cm²/(V.s.). 1992 Cambr. Encycl. Human Evol. (1994) vii. ii. 266/1 A third of the enzymes surveyed showed differences in electrophoretic mobility between two randomly chosen Englishmen. 5. Chiefly Sociology. The ability or potential of individuals within a society to move between different social levels (more fully vertical mobility) or between different occupations, etc. (more fully horizontal mobility); the ability or potential of a workforce to move from place to place.See also social mobility n. at social adj. and n. Compounds 2, downward mobility n. at downward adv., adj., and prep. Compounds 2, upward mobility at upward adv. 1e. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > [noun] > social mobility social mobility1860 mobility1866 downward mobility1929 upward mobility1949 spiralism1957 1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. iv. 108 Labour, on which so many circumstances are now conferring mobility and expansion. 1889 Spectator 12 Oct. 476/1 It is within the province of the State to promote the mobility of labour and capital. 1900 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 6 377 (caption) Mobility of type. 1927 P. A. Sorokin Social Mobility ii. vii. 136 The intensiveness of the vertical mobility may be measured in the same way in the field of the political and occupational stratifications. 1938 T. H. Marshall Class Conflict 111 The use of mobility as an excuse for inequality is usually associated with a measure of self-deception. 1956 C. W. Mills Power Elite xv. 349 Only if the criteria of the top positions were meritorious..could we smuggle merit into such statistics of mobility. 1974 tr. W. F. Wertheim Evol. & Revol. ii. 209 We have seen..that increased horizontal mobility (urban migration, plantation labour, enlistment for military works) may be typical of a pre-revolutionary situation. 1986 Scotsman 31 July (Property Market Suppl.) 1/2 Recent studies..have shown the crucial role that housing plays in labour mobility. 6. Geology and Ecology. The degree to which a substance (e.g. a mineral, pollutant, etc.) tends to be transported in a medium or system, or dispersed from its point of origin or introduction. ΚΠ 1922 Jrnl. Ecol. 10 251 If..calcium is abundant the mobility of the fatty acids is largely destroyed, and the roots tend to become coated with insoluble calcium soaps. 1937 A. Muir tr. B. B. Polynov Cycle of Weathering v. 160 Redistribution in space and time depends on the varying mobility of the different compounds of which the products consist. 1960 E. S. Simpson in Disposal Radioactive Wastes (Internat. Atomic Energy Agency) II. 517 Intermediate containment environments are intended to slow down significantly the mobility of radioactive wastes. 1998 Physics & Chem. Earth 23 211 (title) Effect of fluctuating input of dissolved organic matter on long-term mobility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils. Compounds mobility scooter n. a light electrically powered vehicle, typically with four wheels and an open top and sides, designed for people with limited independent mobility. ΚΠ 1989 Capital Times (Madison, Wisconsin) 20 Sept. 34/1 Rascal electric mobility scooter for the handicapped. 2000 Disability Now May 27/3 I bought a lightweight wheelchair..and a motorised mobility scooter. 2012 Daily Tel. 2 Mar. 9/1 After a number of incidents..owners of mobility scooters are being issued with official guidelines to ensure their safety. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mobilityn.² Brit. /mə(ʊ)ˈbɪlᵻti/, U.S. /moʊˈbɪlᵻdi/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mobile n.², -ity suffix. Etymology: < mobile n.² + -ity suffix, after nobility n. Now historical and rare. The mob, the rabble; the common people; the working classes. Also figurative. Frequently contemptuous (but see quot. 1980). Cf. mobile n.² ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > low rank or condition > the lowest class > [noun] > the rabble commona1350 rascala1382 rascaldry?1457 routc1475 tag and ragc1535 riff-raff1545 rabble1549 rascabilia1557 rabblement1565 bran1574 rascability1583 rascality1583 canaille1588 canalliary1600 canaglia1607 taga1616 ribble-rabble1635 volge1639 rabble rout1650 tag-rag and bob-tail1660 mobile1676 mobility1690 mob1691 rag-tag (also rag, tag) and bob-tail1725 kennel1726 rough scruff1814 rough scuff1816 tag-rag1826 rascalry1827 rascalment1832 doggery1843 polloi1856 raggle-taggle1958 1690 J. Dryden Don Sebastian iv. ii. 99 She singled you out with her eye, as Commander in chief of the Mobility. 1695 E. Hickeringill Lay-clergy in Wks. (1716) I. 321 No wonder then that the mobility did run a madding, when Oppressions will make the Nobility and Wise Men mad. 1727 C. Johnson Country Lasses iv. i. 37 My spirits were in arms; and all the mobility of my blood roar'd out incessantly—Flora! Flora! a1777 S. Foote Cozeners (1778) i. 24 I don't mean for the mobility only;..the best people of fashion ar'n't ashamed to follow my Doctor. 1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XI 149 (note) The select mobility and their patrons. 1843 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 53 79 They are as easily to be distinguished..from the children of the mobility, as is a well-blooded Arabian from a Suffolk punch. 1882 Sydney Slang Dict. 6/1 Mobility, the populace, the unwashed. 1980 E. P. Thompson Making of Eng. Working Class (ed. 3) iii. 78 The reformers..worked to create an organized public opinion, and despised the technique of unleashing the mob. ‘Mobility’ was a term proudly adopted by nineteenth-century Radicals and Chartists for their peaceable and well-conducted demonstrations. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹?a1425n.²1690
随便看	interdiffuses interdiffusing interdiffusion interdiffusions interdiffusive interdiffusiveness interdigit interdigital interdigitate interdigitated interdigitates interdigitating interdigitation interdigitations interdine interdined interdines interdining interdisciplinarity interdisciplinary interdiscipline interdispensation interdistinguish interdistinguishable interdistrict

mobilityn.1

Compounds

mobilityn.2

mobilityn.¹

mobilityn.²