monopolaradj.
/ˌmɒnə(ʊ)ˈpəʊlə/, U.S. /ˌmɑnəˈpoʊlər/ 1. Medicine. Of, relating to, or involving electrophysiological and therapeutic techniques using one (active) electrode; esp. designating or relating to methods of recording the electrical activity of the brain, muscles, etc., which use one active and one reference electrode.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electricity in living organisms > [adjective] > of currents > using single electrode
monopolar1892
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric polarization > [adjective] > relating to poles > exhibiting single polarity
unipolar1806
monopolar1892
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > transmission of electricity, conduction > connection, contact > [adjective] > using single electrode
monopolar1892
1892 W. S. Hedley Hydro-electric Methods in Med. i. 12 The electric bath is correctly and conveniently spoken of as ‘mono-polar’ and ‘di-polar’. The monopolar is that form in which one electrode only is in the water.
1906 Practitioner Dec. 772 The patient, if the monopolar bath had to be administered, grasped a metal bar, suspended from the ceiling, and in connection with the battery swung over the bath, the other electrode remaining in the water.
1936 H. H. U. Cross Electr. in Therapeutics xiii. 296 In the spark-gap system the patient may be connected to the solenoid in monopolar or bipolar fashion.
1956 S. Licht Some Clin. Applic. Electroneurophysiol. i. 8 Chauveau..introduced the monopolar method of stimulation into physiology.
1962 G. C. Blake & J. R. Trott Periodontol. xiii. 135 Monopolar diathermy of this type is particularly suitable for minor oral surgery.
1973 M. Schwartz Physiol. Psychol. i. 20 In monopolar recordings, one electrode is placed on some relatively neutral or ‘indifferent’ location, such as the ear, for the EEG, while the other is placed on the scalp.
1989 Jrnl. Psychophysiol. 3 33/1 EOGs are usually recorded as bipolar measurements and EEGs as monopolar measurements.
2001 Arch. Physical Med. & Rehabilit. 82 661 Current pulses..were applied for 10 seconds with a monopolar technique.
2. Science. Having or arising from a single pole (in various senses).
ΚΠ
1901 Science 26 Apr. 668/1 In the division of the generative nucleus, the spindle is monopolar in origin.
1921 F. Tilney & H. A. Riley Form & Functions Central Nerv. Syst. xli. 749 Immediately beneath the layers of large and medium-sized pyramidal cells is a stratum containing a number of small monopolar stellate cells belonging exclusively to the Golgi type II.
1940 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 27 557/1 This theory is weakened by occurrences of monopolar spindles.
1992 S. P. Maran Astron. & Astrophysics Encycl. 470/1 The cometary nebulae can also be considered as monopolar (one lobe) nebulae.
2001 Brain Res. 905 1 The C cells with processes were usually monopolar and less frequently bipolar or multipolar.
3. Science. Of or relating to a monopole (monopole n.3).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > quantum mechanics > quantum electrodynamics > [adjective] > relating to specific moments
quadrupole1922
quadripole1927
multipole1929
octopole1932
monopolar1948
sextupole1950
octupole1954
monopole1962
hexadecapole1969
1948 G. O. Smith in Astounding Sci. Fiction Sept. 34/1 The theory of the drive is based upon the development of a monopolar magnetic field that incloses [sic] space in upon itself like a blister.
1968 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 90 3667/1 A monopolar ion has a spherically symmetric potential and can interact strongly with three polarizable halogens simultaneously.
1971 I. G. Gass et al. Understanding Earth xvi. 239/2 The dipolar rather than monopolar nature of the Earth's magnetic field.
1989 Nature 14 Sept. 131/1 In an experiment, one would exploit the fact that the newtonian field is monopolar by rotating the apple about a different axis..which goes through the centre of mass.
1995 Jrnl. Acoustical Soc. Amer. 98 1946/1 The [sound] source acting on the sample surface..is modeled as a monopolar force acting in the [100] direction.
Derivatives
monoˈpolarly adv. using or by means of a single electrode.
ΚΠ
1957 Electroencephalogr. & Clin. Neurophysiol. 9 674/2 One channel recorded the EEG monopolarly usually from a parietal electrode.
1971 Nature 12 Feb. 502/1 A CAT computer and fourteen channel frequency modulated tape recorder were used in the computation of averaged responses recorded monopolarly, with reference to the right ear lobe.
2000 Jrnl. Neurosci. Methods 97 69 The myoelectrical signals were recorded monopolarly by a 16-channel matrix electrode on the muscle surface.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
<
adj.1892