Miskitoadj.n.

Brit.

/mᵻˈskiːtəʊ/,

/ˈmɪskɪtəʊ/, U.S.

/məˈskidoʊ/,

/məˈskiˌtoʊ/

Inflections: Plural Miskitos, unchanged.

Forms:

α. 1600s Mosqueto, 1600s Musketa, 1600s 1800s– Moskito, 1700s Musketo, 1700s Muskito, 1700s–1800s Musquito, 1700s– Mosquito.

β. 1800s– Miskito, 1900s– Mískito, 1900s– Mískitu, 1900s– Misquito, 1900s– Mísquito, 1900s– Misskito.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Spanish. Partly a borrowing from Miskito. Etymons: Spanish Mosquito; Miskito Miskito.

Etymology: < Spanish Mosquito (1615) and its etymon Miskito Miskito, of uncertain origin.The word is attested earlier in English in the place names Cape muskeetoe (and variants), the musketoes (and variants) (the latter referring to the group of islands now known as the Miskito Cays or Cayos Miskito ). Compare:1631 D. Ellffryth in William & Mary Q. (1944) 1 312 You must steere away north west and by north ffor Cape muskeetoe.1631 D. Ellffryth in William & Mary Q. (1944) 1 313 Now ffolloweth the Course ffrom provedence to the musketoes. The variation of the first vowel in the early forms may reflect the Miskito pronunciation with /ᵻ/ (compare the note s.v. mishla n.). In all the forms before the late 19th cent. the word was assimilated to mosquito n. Compare:1779 H. L. Thrale Diary 15 Aug. in Thraliana (1942) I. 400 Never was there such a Year for..all manner of Insects..as this year 1779... Tis curious enough & beyond Measure troublesome—quite the Musketo Shore!1911 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 902/2 The Mosquito Coast is so called from its principal inhabitants, the Misskito Indians, whose name was corrupted into Mosquito by European settlers and has been entirely superseded by that form except in the native dialects. From the late 19th cent. onwards, the forms increasingly reflect the Miskito spelling. Compare Spanish Miskito (1983), Misquito (1985).

A. adj.

Of or relating to an American Indian people living in a coastal region of eastern Nicaragua and north-eastern Honduras.The region is often referred to as the Mosquito Coast (earlier Mosquito Shore). The Miskito king placed his people under British protection towards the end of the 17th cent., at which time British settlers began to arrive. The region was a British dependency between 1740 and 1786. British influence declined following the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty of 1850, and the region ceased to be a British protectorate in 1860. It was absorbed into Nicaragua in 1894.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > Indian of Central or South America > [adjective] > peoples of Central America

Chichimeca1726

Aztec1787

Miskito1789

Chichimec1811

Quiché1823

Mayo1829

Seri1829

Otomi1843

Mimbres1856

Nahuatl1858

Yaqui1861

Zapotec1861

Tzeltal1868

Tlapanec1874

Mixtec1875

Bribri1876

Mangue1876

Nahua1876

Nahuatlaca1877

Mixe1888

Trique1891

Mazatecan1892

Subtiaba1892

Huichol1900

Cuna1905

Mixteca1911

Subtiaban1911

Tarascan1911

Tarahumara1912

Zapotecan1922

Tzotzil1939

Mixe–Zoquean1940

Tiwa1950

Mixteco1959

Kekchi1960

1688 Duke of Albemarle Let. 11 Feb. in Cal. State Papers, Colonial Ser., Amer. & W. Indies (1899) 493 Some Indians known by the name of ‘Musketa’ Indians (whose country is called Cape Gratias de Dios, in latitude 15° 20′ or thereabouts) have been here with me.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World iii. 33 Our Moskito men went in their Canoa, and struck us some Manatee, or Sea-cow.

1732 M. W. Mosqueto Indian in Churchill's Coll. Voy. VI. 293 (title) The Mosqueto Indian.

1732 Boston Weekly Newslet. 5 Oct. 3/1 In May last a Spanish Gally took a company of Musketo Men in a Perriaguer, who made little or no Resistance.

1743 Gentleman's Mag. Oct. 542/2 I was then among the Mosquito Indians. [Note] These inhabit near the Bay of Honduras.

1789 O. Equiano Interesting Narr. Life II. xi. 172 He had a mind for..cultivating a plantation at Jamaica and the Musquito Shore... I found with the Doctor four Musquito Indians... One of them was the Musquito king's son.

1830 Honduras Almanack 11 The canoe, a paddle and a harpoon, are the Mosquito man's whole wealth.

1851 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. Jan. 7 The revolted Mosquito Indians who had taken part with England in the war just then terminated.

1894 H. Berckenhagen Gram. Miskito Lang. 83 The figures following the Miskito words indicate the lessons, where the resp. word may be found.

1932 E. Conzemius Ethnogr. Surv. Miskito & Sumu Indians (U.S. Bureau Amer. Ethnol. Bull. No. 106) 10 Ethnographical Survey of the Miskito and Suma Indians of Honduras and Nicaragua.

1986 Times 28 May 16/4 A squad of coffee-coloured Miskito girls baking bread, cakes and biscuits in the wood-fired ovens.

B. n.

a. A Miskito Indian.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > Indian of Central or South America > [noun] > peoples of Central America

Chichimeca1578

Miskito1697

Tiwa1710

Nahuatlaca1775

Otomi1782

Aztec1787

Mazahua1787

Mixteca1787

Totonac1787

Zapotec1797

Chichimec1809

Quiché1823

Mayo1829

Seri1829

Mixtec1852

Olmec1852

Mogollon1855

Mimbres1859

Yaqui1861

Cuna1868

Tzeltal1868

Nahuatl1873

Huastec1874

Tarahumara1874

Tlapanec1874

Bribri1875

Nahua1875

Mangue1876

Mazatec1878

Subtiaba1891

Tequistlatec1891

Trique1891

Nahuatlan1897

Huichol1900

Mixtecan1900

Tarascan1931

Mixe–Zoque1957

Mixteco1972

Garifuna1977

Mixean1982

Garinagu1983

Mixe–Zoquean1989

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World i. 10 These Moskitoes are in general very civil and kind to the English, of whom they receive a great deal of respect.

1732 Boston Weekly Newslet. 5 Oct. 3/1 A company..falling upon the Spaniards, destroyed most of them, and carried the Gally and Perriaguer to the Musketos.

1740 R. Hodgson Let. in Amer. Rev. (1851) Aug. 93/1 The weight of the Muskitos among their neighbours notwithstanding all their vices, appears from their influence upon these two Indian nations.

1850 Amer. Rev. Mar. 255/2 It is plain..that the treaty of 1786 proves, that the Mosquitos were considered by the contracting parties as a nation.

1959 Chambers's Encycl. I. 343/2 The Lenca, Xicaque,..and coastal Misquito of the Atlantic pocket of Nicaragua-Honduras missed the stream of Maya-Nahua influence.

1964 Amer. Speech 39 47 The Mosquitos are Caribs.

1987 Geogr. Mag. Dec. 588/2 The Miskitos rose up in armed revolt and joined the ranks of the Contras.

b. The Misumalpan language of the Miskito people.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [noun] > Chibchan > languages of

Cuna1891

Miskito1894

Tarascan1911

Motilon1950

Yanomamö1972

1894 H. Berckenhagen Gram. Miskito Lang. 39 The conjunction ‘if’ in the English is given in Miskito by the word ‘kaka’.

1954 Gospel in Many Tongues (Brit. & Foreign Bible Soc.) 113 Moskito.

1964 E. A. Nida Toward Sci. Translating ix. 194 In Miskito, a language of Nicaragua and Honduras, one encounters the following transliterations.

1980 Eng. World-wide 1 230 This..has been compiled by having an anglophone Nicaraguan..translate a 500-item list of flora and fauna terms from Spanish and Miskito into local English.

1992 Internat. Encycl. Linguistics II. 431 Misumalpan languages are a family of Central America, comprising the languages Mískito, Sumu, Cacaopera, and Matagalpa, the last two extinct... Mískito..also called Mísquito, Mískitu, Mosquito, or Marquito.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	miskito
释义	Miskitoadj.n. Brit. /mᵻˈskiːtəʊ/, /ˈmɪskɪtəʊ/, U.S. /məˈskidoʊ/, /məˈskiˌtoʊ/ Inflections: Plural Miskitos, unchanged. Forms: α. 1600s Mosqueto, 1600s Musketa, 1600s 1800s– Moskito, 1700s Musketo, 1700s Muskito, 1700s–1800s Musquito, 1700s– Mosquito. β. 1800s– Miskito, 1900s– Mískito, 1900s– Mískitu, 1900s– Misquito, 1900s– Mísquito, 1900s– Misskito. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Spanish. Partly a borrowing from Miskito. Etymons: Spanish Mosquito; Miskito Miskito. Etymology: < Spanish Mosquito (1615) and its etymon Miskito Miskito, of uncertain origin.The word is attested earlier in English in the place names Cape muskeetoe (and variants), the musketoes (and variants) (the latter referring to the group of islands now known as the Miskito Cays or Cayos Miskito ). Compare:1631 D. Ellffryth in William & Mary Q. (1944) 1 312 You must steere away north west and by north ffor Cape muskeetoe.1631 D. Ellffryth in William & Mary Q. (1944) 1 313 Now ffolloweth the Course ffrom provedence to the musketoes. The variation of the first vowel in the early forms may reflect the Miskito pronunciation with /ᵻ/ (compare the note s.v. mishla n.). In all the forms before the late 19th cent. the word was assimilated to mosquito n. Compare:1779 H. L. Thrale Diary 15 Aug. in Thraliana (1942) I. 400 Never was there such a Year for..all manner of Insects..as this year 1779... Tis curious enough & beyond Measure troublesome—quite the Musketo Shore!1911 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 902/2 The Mosquito Coast is so called from its principal inhabitants, the Misskito Indians, whose name was corrupted into Mosquito by European settlers and has been entirely superseded by that form except in the native dialects. From the late 19th cent. onwards, the forms increasingly reflect the Miskito spelling. Compare Spanish Miskito (1983), Misquito (1985). A. adj. Of or relating to an American Indian people living in a coastal region of eastern Nicaragua and north-eastern Honduras.The region is often referred to as the Mosquito Coast (earlier Mosquito Shore). The Miskito king placed his people under British protection towards the end of the 17th cent., at which time British settlers began to arrive. The region was a British dependency between 1740 and 1786. British influence declined following the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty of 1850, and the region ceased to be a British protectorate in 1860. It was absorbed into Nicaragua in 1894. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > Indian of Central or South America > [adjective] > peoples of Central America Chichimeca1726 Aztec1787 Miskito1789 Chichimec1811 Quiché1823 Mayo1829 Seri1829 Otomi1843 Mimbres1856 Nahuatl1858 Yaqui1861 Zapotec1861 Tzeltal1868 Tlapanec1874 Mixtec1875 Bribri1876 Mangue1876 Nahua1876 Nahuatlaca1877 Mixe1888 Trique1891 Mazatecan1892 Subtiaba1892 Huichol1900 Cuna1905 Mixteca1911 Subtiaban1911 Tarascan1911 Tarahumara1912 Zapotecan1922 Tzotzil1939 Mixe–Zoquean1940 Tiwa1950 Mixteco1959 Kekchi1960 1688 Duke of Albemarle Let. 11 Feb. in Cal. State Papers, Colonial Ser., Amer. & W. Indies (1899) 493 Some Indians known by the name of ‘Musketa’ Indians (whose country is called Cape Gratias de Dios, in latitude 15° 20′ or thereabouts) have been here with me. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World iii. 33 Our Moskito men went in their Canoa, and struck us some Manatee, or Sea-cow. 1732 M. W. Mosqueto Indian in Churchill's Coll. Voy. VI. 293 (title) The Mosqueto Indian. 1732 Boston Weekly Newslet. 5 Oct. 3/1 In May last a Spanish Gally took a company of Musketo Men in a Perriaguer, who made little or no Resistance. 1743 Gentleman's Mag. Oct. 542/2 I was then among the Mosquito Indians. [Note] These inhabit near the Bay of Honduras. 1789 O. Equiano Interesting Narr. Life II. xi. 172 He had a mind for..cultivating a plantation at Jamaica and the Musquito Shore... I found with the Doctor four Musquito Indians... One of them was the Musquito king's son. 1830 Honduras Almanack 11 The canoe, a paddle and a harpoon, are the Mosquito man's whole wealth. 1851 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. Jan. 7 The revolted Mosquito Indians who had taken part with England in the war just then terminated. 1894 H. Berckenhagen Gram. Miskito Lang. 83 The figures following the Miskito words indicate the lessons, where the resp. word may be found. 1932 E. Conzemius Ethnogr. Surv. Miskito & Sumu Indians (U.S. Bureau Amer. Ethnol. Bull. No. 106) 10 Ethnographical Survey of the Miskito and Suma Indians of Honduras and Nicaragua. 1986 Times 28 May 16/4 A squad of coffee-coloured Miskito girls baking bread, cakes and biscuits in the wood-fired ovens. B. n. a. A Miskito Indian. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > Indian of Central or South America > [noun] > peoples of Central America Chichimeca1578 Miskito1697 Tiwa1710 Nahuatlaca1775 Otomi1782 Aztec1787 Mazahua1787 Mixteca1787 Totonac1787 Zapotec1797 Chichimec1809 Quiché1823 Mayo1829 Seri1829 Mixtec1852 Olmec1852 Mogollon1855 Mimbres1859 Yaqui1861 Cuna1868 Tzeltal1868 Nahuatl1873 Huastec1874 Tarahumara1874 Tlapanec1874 Bribri1875 Nahua1875 Mangue1876 Mazatec1878 Subtiaba1891 Tequistlatec1891 Trique1891 Nahuatlan1897 Huichol1900 Mixtecan1900 Tarascan1931 Mixe–Zoque1957 Mixteco1972 Garifuna1977 Mixean1982 Garinagu1983 Mixe–Zoquean1989 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World i. 10 These Moskitoes are in general very civil and kind to the English, of whom they receive a great deal of respect. 1732 Boston Weekly Newslet. 5 Oct. 3/1 A company..falling upon the Spaniards, destroyed most of them, and carried the Gally and Perriaguer to the Musketos. 1740 R. Hodgson Let. in Amer. Rev. (1851) Aug. 93/1 The weight of the Muskitos among their neighbours notwithstanding all their vices, appears from their influence upon these two Indian nations. 1850 Amer. Rev. Mar. 255/2 It is plain..that the treaty of 1786 proves, that the Mosquitos were considered by the contracting parties as a nation. 1959 Chambers's Encycl. I. 343/2 The Lenca, Xicaque,..and coastal Misquito of the Atlantic pocket of Nicaragua-Honduras missed the stream of Maya-Nahua influence. 1964 Amer. Speech 39 47 The Mosquitos are Caribs. 1987 Geogr. Mag. Dec. 588/2 The Miskitos rose up in armed revolt and joined the ranks of the Contras. b. The Misumalpan language of the Miskito people. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [noun] > Chibchan > languages of Cuna1891 Miskito1894 Tarascan1911 Motilon1950 Yanomamö1972 1894 H. Berckenhagen Gram. Miskito Lang. 39 The conjunction ‘if’ in the English is given in Miskito by the word ‘kaka’. 1954 Gospel in Many Tongues (Brit. & Foreign Bible Soc.) 113 Moskito. 1964 E. A. Nida Toward Sci. Translating ix. 194 In Miskito, a language of Nicaragua and Honduras, one encounters the following transliterations. 1980 Eng. World-wide 1 230 This..has been compiled by having an anglophone Nicaraguan..translate a 500-item list of flora and fauna terms from Spanish and Miskito into local English. 1992 Internat. Encycl. Linguistics II. 431 Misumalpan languages are a family of Central America, comprising the languages Mískito, Sumu, Cacaopera, and Matagalpa, the last two extinct... Mískito..also called Mísquito, Mískitu, Mosquito, or Marquito. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1688
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