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单词 mitraille
释义

mitraillen.

Brit. /miːˈtrʌɪ/, U.S. /miˈtraɪ/
Forms: 1700s– mitraille, 1800s mitrail.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French mitraille.
Etymology: < French mitraille scrap metal used to charge cannons (1667; 1375 in Middle French as mistraille in sense ‘piece of metal’; also in French in senses ‘small change’, ‘metal used in founding’, ‘solder’), alteration of Old French mitaille piece of metal (1295; 14th cent. in sense ‘small coins’) < mite (see mite n.2) + -aille (compare -al suffix1). N.E.D. (1907) also gives the pronunciation (mitrēi·l) /mɪˈtreɪl/.
Military. Now historical.
Originally: shot fired from a cannon, consisting of fragments of scrap iron, etc. Later: bullets or projectiles fired from a mitrailleuse.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shot collectively > of cannon > discharge of cannon
sulphur?1611
mitraille1791
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shot collectively > shot > of large guns
fricasseec1575
murdering shot1583
chain-shota1586
crossbar1589
cross-bar shot1591
case shot1599
langrel1627
trundle-shot1627
partridge1635
chain-bullet1636
pelican1639
case1642
spike-shota1661
double-head1678
double-headed shot1678
partridge-shot1683
grape1687
burrel-shot1706
double1707
angel-shot1730
grapeshot1747
star shot1753
bar-shot1756
langrage1769
canister1801
stang-ball1802
chain1804
canister-shot1809
tier-shot1828
pot-leg1852
six-pounder1855
shunt shot1864
sand-shot1867
mitraille1868
1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Sachets de mitrailles, grape-shot, or partridge-shot.]
1791 Earl Gower Despatches 6 May (1885) 85 Having fired with mitraille they have killed some hundreds of besiegers.
1868 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea III. x. 207 His..purpose of meeting the assaulting column..with a pelting blast of mitrail.
1876 G. E. Voyle & G. de Saint-Clair-Stevenson Mil. Dict. (ed. 3) at Mitrailleur A machine gun intended to throw mitraille, that is, groups of small projectiles, independently, to distances of 1000 yards.
1973 J. Quick Dict. Weapons & Mil. Terms Mitraille, a cannon load consisting of bits of iron, heads of nails, grapeshot, etc.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mitraillev.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: mitraille n.
Etymology: < mitraille n., perhaps after French mitrailler (1794).
Obsolete. rare.
transitive. To attack or kill with mitraille.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > management of artillery > operate (artillery) [verb (transitive)] > bombard > assail with types of missile
rocket1794
shrapnelize1837
mitraille1844
grapeshot1876
shrapnel1901
whizz-bang1915
crump1916
1844 T. Parker in J. Weiss Life & Corr. T. Parker (1863) I. 225 The wretched Terrorists of the Revolution guillotined..and mitrailled, I know not how many.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2002; most recently modified version published online September 2018).
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n.1791v.1844
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更新时间:2025/3/21 16:34:43