mitraillen.

Brit.

/miːˈtrʌɪ/, U.S.

/miˈtraɪ/

Forms: 1700s– mitraille, 1800s mitrail.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French mitraille.

Etymology: < French mitraille scrap metal used to charge cannons (1667; 1375 in Middle French as mistraille in sense ‘piece of metal’; also in French in senses ‘small change’, ‘metal used in founding’, ‘solder’), alteration of Old French mitaille piece of metal (1295; 14th cent. in sense ‘small coins’) < mite (see mite n.²) + -aille (compare -al suffix¹). N.E.D. (1907) also gives the pronunciation (mitrēⁱ·l) /mɪˈtreɪl/.

Military. Now historical.

Originally: shot fired from a cannon, consisting of fragments of scrap iron, etc. Later: bullets or projectiles fired from a mitrailleuse.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shot collectively > of cannon > discharge of cannon

sulphur?1611

mitraille1791

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shot collectively > shot > of large guns

fricasseec1575

murdering shot1583

chain-shota1586

crossbar1589

cross-bar shot1591

case shot1599

langrel1627

trundle-shot1627

partridge1635

chain-bullet1636

pelican1639

case1642

spike-shota1661

double-head1678

double-headed shot1678

partridge-shot1683

grape1687

burrel-shot1706

double1707

angel-shot1730

grapeshot1747

star shot1753

bar-shot1756

langrage1769

canister1801

stang-ball1802

chain1804

canister-shot1809

tier-shot1828

pot-leg1852

six-pounder1855

shunt shot1864

sand-shot1867

mitraille1868

1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Sachets de mitrailles, grape-shot, or partridge-shot.]

1791 Earl Gower Despatches 6 May (1885) 85 Having fired with mitraille they have killed some hundreds of besiegers.

1868 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea III. x. 207 His..purpose of meeting the assaulting column..with a pelting blast of mitrail.

1876 G. E. Voyle & G. de Saint-Clair-Stevenson Mil. Dict. (ed. 3) at Mitrailleur A machine gun intended to throw mitraille, that is, groups of small projectiles, independently, to distances of 1000 yards.

1973 J. Quick Dict. Weapons & Mil. Terms Mitraille, a cannon load consisting of bits of iron, heads of nails, grapeshot, etc.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† mitraillev.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: mitraille n.

Etymology: < mitraille n., perhaps after French mitrailler (1794).

Obsolete. rare.

transitive. To attack or kill with mitraille.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > management of artillery > operate (artillery) [verb (transitive)] > bombard > assail with types of missile

rocket1794

shrapnelize1837

mitraille1844

grapeshot1876

shrapnel1901

whizz-bang1915

crump1916

1844 T. Parker in J. Weiss Life & Corr. T. Parker (1863) I. 225 The wretched Terrorists of the Revolution guillotined..and mitrailled, I know not how many.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2002; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

单词	mitraille
释义	mitraillen. Brit. /miːˈtrʌɪ/, U.S. /miˈtraɪ/ Forms: 1700s– mitraille, 1800s mitrail. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French mitraille. Etymology: < French mitraille scrap metal used to charge cannons (1667; 1375 in Middle French as mistraille in sense ‘piece of metal’; also in French in senses ‘small change’, ‘metal used in founding’, ‘solder’), alteration of Old French mitaille piece of metal (1295; 14th cent. in sense ‘small coins’) < mite (see mite n.²) + -aille (compare -al suffix¹). N.E.D. (1907) also gives the pronunciation (mitrēⁱ·l) /mɪˈtreɪl/. Military. Now historical. Originally: shot fired from a cannon, consisting of fragments of scrap iron, etc. Later: bullets or projectiles fired from a mitrailleuse. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shot collectively > of cannon > discharge of cannon sulphur?1611 mitraille1791 society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shot collectively > shot > of large guns fricasseec1575 murdering shot1583 chain-shota1586 crossbar1589 cross-bar shot1591 case shot1599 langrel1627 trundle-shot1627 partridge1635 chain-bullet1636 pelican1639 case1642 spike-shota1661 double-head1678 double-headed shot1678 partridge-shot1683 grape1687 burrel-shot1706 double1707 angel-shot1730 grapeshot1747 star shot1753 bar-shot1756 langrage1769 canister1801 stang-ball1802 chain1804 canister-shot1809 tier-shot1828 pot-leg1852 six-pounder1855 shunt shot1864 sand-shot1867 mitraille1868 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Sachets de mitrailles, grape-shot, or partridge-shot.] 1791 Earl Gower Despatches 6 May (1885) 85 Having fired with mitraille they have killed some hundreds of besiegers. 1868 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea III. x. 207 His..purpose of meeting the assaulting column..with a pelting blast of mitrail. 1876 G. E. Voyle & G. de Saint-Clair-Stevenson Mil. Dict. (ed. 3) at Mitrailleur A machine gun intended to throw mitraille, that is, groups of small projectiles, independently, to distances of 1000 yards. 1973 J. Quick Dict. Weapons & Mil. Terms Mitraille, a cannon load consisting of bits of iron, heads of nails, grapeshot, etc. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † mitraillev. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: mitraille n. Etymology: < mitraille n., perhaps after French mitrailler (1794). Obsolete. rare. transitive. To attack or kill with mitraille. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > management of artillery > operate (artillery) [verb (transitive)] > bombard > assail with types of missile rocket1794 shrapnelize1837 mitraille1844 grapeshot1876 shrapnel1901 whizz-bang1915 crump1916 1844 T. Parker in J. Weiss Life & Corr. T. Parker (1863) I. 225 The wretched Terrorists of the Revolution guillotined..and mitrailled, I know not how many. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2002; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.1791v.1844
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