/ˌmʌɪtə(ʊ)ˈkɒndrɪə/, U.S. /ˌmaɪdəˈkɑndriə/.mitochondrionn.
/ˌmʌɪtə(ʊ)ˈkɒndrɪən/, U.S. /ˌmaɪdəˈkɑndriən//ˌmʌɪtə(ʊ)ˈkɒndrɪə/, U.S. /ˌmaɪdəˈkɑndriə/. Cell Biology.
A self-replicating organelle present, often in large numbers, in the cytoplasm of almost all eukaryotic cells, consisting of an outer smooth membrane surrounding an intricately folded inner membrane, and acting as the major site of cellular respiration and energy production.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [noun] > mitochondria
sarcosome1899
mitochondrion1901
chondriosome1910
chondriocont1911
promitochondrion1960
1901 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 14 Meves believes that this term [sc. Nebenkern] should lapse, and himself employs for the separate granules Benda's term mitochondria, and for the Nebenkern which may be formed by their union, the term mitochondrial corpuscle.
1920 L. Doncaster Introd. Study Cytol. 21 The structures grouped together under the general name of mitochondria, known also as chondriosomes, or when rod-shaped, as chondrioconts.
1929 Proc. Royal Soc. 1928–9 B. 104 316 Parat recognises both dictyosome and mitochondrion inter vitam.
1949 Amer. Jrnl. Physiol. 157 136 The residue..which contained only mitochondria and microsomes was transferred to a vial.
1962 Sci. Surv. 3 169 Each mitochondrion is bounded by an outer limiting membrane, then there is a narrow space and then another membrane bounding an inner chamber.
1971 Sci. Amer. May 128/2 Next are the tens or hundreds of mitochondria, the enclosures where the complicated biochemical machinery of the Krebs cycle is mounted.
1990 Science 7 Sept. 1104/1 Until these disease links were identified, mitochondria were generally viewed as simply providing a cell's power plant.
2000 Times 9 Feb. 41/4 Mitochondria contain their own DNA (called mtDNA), quite separate from the main DNA which resides in the nucleus.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
<
n.1901