milliardn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈmɪlɪɑːd/, U.S.

/ˈmɪlˌjɑrd/,

/ˈmɪliˌɑrd/

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French milliard.

Etymology: < French milliard (1688; 1538 in Middle French as milliares (plural), 1544 as miliart ) < milli- (in million million n.) + -ard -ard suffix, perhaps after post-classical Latin milliartum (1514 or earlier).Apparently in early use confined to French contexts, but subsequently having some currency as a literary word.

A. n.

The cardinal number equal to a thousand times a million. Also hyperbolically: an unspecified but very large number or amount.The term is now largely superseded by billion. (one) in a milliard (rare): = (one) in a million at million adj. and n. Phrases 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > hundred and over > [noun] > thousand million

milliard1789

billion1834

gillion1961

1789 T. Jefferson Let. 6 Sept. in Papers (1958) XV. 394 Suppose that Louis XIV. and XV. had contracted debts in the name of the French nation to the amount of 10,000 milliards of livres... The interest of this sum would be 500. milliards.

1793 A. Young Example of France (ed. 3) 185 I may state their extra resources, from the regal and ecclesiastical plunder, at four milliards.

1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XIV c. 165 I'll bet you millions, milliards.

1841 Southern Lit. Messenger 6 419/1 The least annual product would therefore be five millions of bales, which, at forty dollars a bale, would make the sum of a milliard of francs.

1871 Catholic World Sept. 758/1 Not one thought in a milliard is worth putting into words.

a1873 E. O. M. Deutsch Lit. Remains (1874) 290 All those untold milliards of human beings.

1907 Westm. Gaz. 21 Sept. 13/2 The autumn beauty of those lawns and avenues and milliards of flowers.

1931 R. Campbell Georgiad ii. 48 His pulse could not be reckoned save in milliards.

1974 Encounter 43 iv. 58/2 English schoolchildren are still taught that a thousand million is a milliard.

1990 Man 25 95 Milliards of deities assembled in front of the cave.

B. adj.

A thousand times a million; numbering a thousand million. Also hyperbolically: a very great many.Followed by a plural or collective noun and prefixed by the indefinite article or a multiplier.

ΚΠ

1872 Appletons' Jrnl. 14 Sept. 306/3 The gold exported from the New World to the Old amounted to seven and a half milliard francs.

1904 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 12 246 During the war of the American Revolution it was necessary to borrow more than a milliard livres.

1977 Outlook for Natural Gas (Shell Internat. Petroleum Co.) 3 This will be followed within a year or so by the start up of two schemes, each involving 10 milliard cubic metres (7 million tonnes) a year.

1981 ‘J. Gash’ Vatican Rip xviii. 139 I saw a milliard doubts flicker across her face.

1991 ‘J. Gash’ Great Calif. Game (1992) viii. 64 Somebody was changing a picture, a Philip Steer painted in a milliard divisionistic dots.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	milliard
释义	milliardn.adj. Brit. /ˈmɪlɪɑːd/, U.S. /ˈmɪlˌjɑrd/, /ˈmɪliˌɑrd/ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French milliard. Etymology: < French milliard (1688; 1538 in Middle French as milliares (plural), 1544 as miliart ) < milli- (in million million n.) + -ard -ard suffix, perhaps after post-classical Latin milliartum (1514 or earlier).Apparently in early use confined to French contexts, but subsequently having some currency as a literary word. A. n. The cardinal number equal to a thousand times a million. Also hyperbolically: an unspecified but very large number or amount.The term is now largely superseded by billion. (one) in a milliard (rare): = (one) in a million at million adj. and n. Phrases 2. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > hundred and over > [noun] > thousand million milliard1789 billion1834 gillion1961 1789 T. Jefferson Let. 6 Sept. in Papers (1958) XV. 394 Suppose that Louis XIV. and XV. had contracted debts in the name of the French nation to the amount of 10,000 milliards of livres... The interest of this sum would be 500. milliards. 1793 A. Young Example of France (ed. 3) 185 I may state their extra resources, from the regal and ecclesiastical plunder, at four milliards. 1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XIV c. 165 I'll bet you millions, milliards. 1841 Southern Lit. Messenger 6 419/1 The least annual product would therefore be five millions of bales, which, at forty dollars a bale, would make the sum of a milliard of francs. 1871 Catholic World Sept. 758/1 Not one thought in a milliard is worth putting into words. a1873 E. O. M. Deutsch Lit. Remains (1874) 290 All those untold milliards of human beings. 1907 Westm. Gaz. 21 Sept. 13/2 The autumn beauty of those lawns and avenues and milliards of flowers. 1931 R. Campbell Georgiad ii. 48 His pulse could not be reckoned save in milliards. 1974 Encounter 43 iv. 58/2 English schoolchildren are still taught that a thousand million is a milliard. 1990 Man 25 95 Milliards of deities assembled in front of the cave. B. adj. A thousand times a million; numbering a thousand million. Also hyperbolically: a very great many.Followed by a plural or collective noun and prefixed by the indefinite article or a multiplier. ΚΠ 1872 Appletons' Jrnl. 14 Sept. 306/3 The gold exported from the New World to the Old amounted to seven and a half milliard francs. 1904 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 12 246 During the war of the American Revolution it was necessary to borrow more than a milliard livres. 1977 Outlook for Natural Gas (Shell Internat. Petroleum Co.) 3 This will be followed within a year or so by the start up of two schemes, each involving 10 milliard cubic metres (7 million tonnes) a year. 1981 ‘J. Gash’ Vatican Rip xviii. 139 I saw a milliard doubts flicker across her face. 1991 ‘J. Gash’ Great Calif. Game (1992) viii. 64 Somebody was changing a picture, a Philip Steer painted in a milliard divisionistic dots. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1789
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