| 释义 |
millern.1 Origin: Either (i) a word inherited from Germanic. Or (ii) formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mill n.1, -er suffix1. Etymology: Either cognate with Middle Dutch molenaer , molner , mulner (Dutch molenaar , mulder ), Old Saxon mulineri (late; Middle Low German möller , mölner ), Old High German mulināri (late; Middle High German mülnære , mülner , müller , German Müller ), Old Icelandic mylnari , Old Swedish mylnare , mølnare , möllare (Swedish mjölnare , (regional) möllare ), Old Danish møller (Danish møller ) < post-classical Latin molinarius (6th cent.; 11th cent. in British sources, also 12th cent. as surname) < molina mill n.1 + -arius -ary suffix1, or independently < mill n.1 (see α forms s.v.) + -er suffix1. In β. forms either remodelled after or independently from β forms s.v. mill n.1The word is attested in Old English only in the text cited below, the more usual word in Old English being millward n. (see note at sense 1). Compare ( < post-classical Latin molinarius ) Anglo-Norman moliner , Old French molnier (1174), meunier (1260; French meunier ). See also millward n. and note on English regional forms s.v. I. A person who grinds corn, and related uses. the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > milling or grinding > [noun] > miller α. OE Will of Æðelgifu (Sawyer 1497) in D. Whitelock (1968) 9 Ælfwyðe [read Ælfswyðe] hæbbe Eadwine freo & hire cild & þæs mylneres wif & hire cild. 1230 574 (MED) Willelmum le Mulner. 1262 27 (MED) Adam le Melnere. c1390 (a1376) W. Langland (Vernon) (1867) A. ii. 80 Monde þe Mulnere [v.rr. mellere, mylnere] and moni mo oþure. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 319 A mylner callede Athus. 1523 J. Fitzherbert ix. f. 10 But dout ye nat, the mylners wyll be no losers. a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun (Royal) vi. xvi. 1625 This milnare had a dowchtyr fayre. 1619 in R. S. Ferguson & W. Nanson (1887) 278 We amercye Archilles Armestronge for keping his wief to play the milner,..iiis. 4d. 1657 A. Cokayne i. i. 6 My noble Milner of words, Thou that dost grind thy speeches with a merry pronunciation. 1684 7 Feb. The vsewall small multir [to go] to the millners at the milne. 1725 No. 6384/7 John Hodgson,..Milner. 2. society > occupation and work > equipment > mills > [noun] > one who operates 1839 A. Ure 992 The use of this machine [sc. a lamp called a steel mill] entailed on the miner the expense of an attendant, called the miller, who gave him light. 1888 J. M. Barrie i The saw-miller's letter. 1900 10 Oct. 7/3 He was a cloth miller. 1973 14 May 2585 Unfortunately some of the millers do not care what sort of wood they market. 1989 28 July 4/6 The Director of Forestry, Mr Crispus Nyagah, gave the millers the green light on Wednesday ending the suspension. society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > [noun] > industrial worker > in mill 1897 8 May When t'owd parson's wife Meets t'milners i' ther' clogs. 1903 IV. 113/2 [Yorks.] It's drinking time, doy, there's t'milners comin' hoam. society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > other types of cutting equipment > [noun] > others society > occupation and work > equipment > machine tool > other specific machine tools > [noun] > milling 1890 Miller, a milling-machine. 1923 Dec. 411/1 From England comes the description of one [rototiller] which differs radically from the American variety in that the soil is worked by a revolving member called a miller. 1964 S. Crawford (1969) 151 (in figure) Plain vertical miller. 1991 15 Mar. 335/3 It seemed to contain an example of most of the tools in the range, ranging from lathes, millers, welders, compressors, grinders, indeed machine tools of all sorts. †II. Other uses. 4. slang. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > boxing > [noun] > boxer 1612 T. Dekker sig. L3 Some one sturdy hell-hound..vndertakes to be the Miller (that is to say, the killer). 1699 B. E. Miller, a Killer or Murderer. 1812 39 143 Next rings the fame of gallant Crib A cool and steady miller. 1823 ‘J. Bee’ Millers—second rate boxers, whose arms run round in rapid succession [etc.]. 1832 S. Warren I. vii. 135 The Captain..being a first-rate ‘miller’, as the phrase is,..let fall a sudden shower of blows. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > temperament > [noun] > vicious or bad-tempered 1825 C. M. Westmacott I. 236 An incurable miller. society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > [noun] > art of horse-riding > vaulting exercises or tricks 1641 W. Stokes sig. C3 The fifth Passe, called the Miller. III. Senses relating to animals and plants. †6. the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > miscellaneous types 1620 J. Mason New-found-land in (Prince Soc. 1887) 152 What should I speake of..Cunners, Catfish, Millers, thunnes, &c.? the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > member of family Myliobatidae 1836 W. Yarrell II. 446 From..the crushing power of these teeth, the fish has acquired the additional name of the Miller. 7. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > marking or colouring > white (powdered) insect the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Noctuidae > member of genus Acronycta > acronicta leporina (moth-miller) the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > division Endopterygota or Metabola (winged) > [noun] > order Neuroptera > suborder Megaloptera > family Sianidae > sialis lutarius (alder-fly) the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Lamellicornia Scarabaeoidea > family Scarabaeidae > genus Melolontha > member of (cockchafer) 1668 W. Charleton 47 Blatta..Molendinaria, the Miller, because always whited with a delicate Down. a1680 J. Glanvill (1681) ii. 144 A Fly like a great Millar flew out from the place. 1819 G. Samouelle 382 Miller moth (Noctua leporina). 1829 S. Glover I. 177 White miller or owl fly..yellow miller or owl fly. 1854 A. E. Baker II. 21 Miller, a moth. Probably the ghost-moth, phalæna humuli, from the lightness of its colour. Hartshorne, in his Salopia, appropriates this name to ‘the larva of a lepidopterous insect, known in its imago state by the appellation of vanessa urticæ’. 1858 H. W. Beecher & E. D. Proctor 277 Would you put the lamp out in your house because moths and millers burn their wings in it? 1878 T. Hardy III. iv. vii. 58 White miller-moths flew into the air. 1903 IV. 113/1 Miller, a moth of any kind, esp. a large white moth; also a white butterfly. 1935 H. L. Davis vi. 78 Like a miller-moth batting against a lamp chimney. 1961 H. M. Edelsten & D. S. Fletcher (new ed.) I. 263 The Miller... In its typical form the wings are quite white, with but little in the way of marking. 1986 M. Chinery 163 Miller moth..is very pale, with few black marks. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Lepidoptera or butterflies and moths > [noun] > larva > hairy 1883 C. S. Burne 194 Another amulet..is composed of a ‘miller’, or hairy caterpillar. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Hemiptera > suborder Homoptera > family Cicadidae > arbricta curvicosta (floury miller) 1896 II. 107 The same kind of Cicada is known by different names in different localities, such as ‘Miller’, ‘Mealy-back’, etc. 1941 S. J. Baker 46 Miller, a nickname for a cicada. the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > [noun] > family Charadriidae > genus Charadrius > charadrius hiaticula (ringed plover) the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > family Accipitridae (hawks, etc.) > [noun] > genus Circus (harrier) > circus cynaeus (hen-harrier) the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Sylviidae (warbler) > [noun] > genus Sylvia > sylvia communis (whitethroat) 1885 C. Swainson 49 In Salop the name of Miller is given to young flycatchers. 1885 C. Swainson 132 Hen harrier..Miller. 1893 A. Newton et al. 572 Miller, a name given to the grey males of Circus cyaneus and C. cineraceus..; and also locally to the Whitethroat. 1897 1 78 Ringed Plover, Aegialitis hiaticula. (Miller or Millard; Sandlark; Sea-lark; this and other small shore-birds.) I do not know the etymology of the first two names; perhaps simply English ‘Miller’ from the bird's colouring. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > fungi > [noun] > mushroom the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > mushrooms or edible fungi > mushroom > types of 1954 E. M. Wakefield 63 Clitopilus prunulus. Miller (plate 36). Edible. 1967 W. P. K. Findlay xi. 129 Clitopilus prunulus: The Miller... This species owes its English name to the fact that it is white and smells strongly of meal. 1977 C. Conran (1981) 29 Millers..are an opaque dirty white with soft thick white flesh, and are somewhat trumpet-shaped. 1989 S. Buczacki 88/2 Clitopilus prunulus The Miller... On soil among grass, often close to trees. Phrasesc1387–95 G. Chaucer 563 Wel koude he [sc. the miller] stelen corn and tollen thries, And yet he hadde a thombe of gold pardee.] 1576 G. Gascoigne (1868) 79 When smithes shoe horses, as they would be shod, When millers toll not with a golden thumbe. 1678 J. Ray (ed. 2) 176 An honest miller hath a golden thumb. 1876 J. H. Ewing xxxii Was 'ee ever in a mill? 'ee seems to have a miller's thumb. 1989 July 19/1 It was customary for the miller to charge for grinding corn by taking a percentage of the flour, and the ‘miller's thumb’ became a byword for sharp practice. 1805 A. Scott 94 Honest men's been ta'en for rogues, Whan bad luck gars drown the miller. 1816 W. Scott II. vi. 176 The hale folk here..hae made a vow to ruin my trade, as they say ower muckle water drowns the miller. 1821 W. Scott II. iii. 61 ‘A fine, a fine,’ said the Udaller, ‘..he shall drink off the yawl full of punch, unless he gives us a song on the spot!’ ‘Too much water drowned the miller,’ answered Triptolemus. 1834 E. Copley x. 233 If after..‘putting out the miller's eye’ by too much water, you add flour to make it stiff enough for rolling out [etc.]. 1873 12 Apr. 492/1 ‘You're right, you're right—I believe I have drowned the miller,’ an expression used to denote that he had made his toddy entirely too weak. 1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw at Miller's Eye When a person, in mixing mortar or dough, pours too much water into the hole..they say, ‘I reckon you've put the miller's eye out now!’ 1889 J. Nicholson 5 If, in making dough, the good wife should put too much water, she has ‘dhroondid minler’. 1894 144 If the leaven is not properly made, when it is rolled out into the cake, holes break in, and the baker is reproved with the words:- ‘Ye're bakin oot the miller's ee.’ 1980 D. K. Cameron xix. 187 A man needing a drop of water with his dram..would stay the water-jug and his host's hand with the injunction:..Don't drown the miller. Compounds C1. a. General attributive. 1828 M. R. Mitford III. 237 Our simple miller-maiden. b. the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Pleurotremata > [noun] > family Scyliorhinidae > member of genus Galeus 1848 6 1974 Miller Dog, Galeus vulgaris. 1598 J. Florio Pirausta, a fire-flye or worme bred and liuing in the fire, and going from it dieth, and flieth into the leame of a candle: some call it a candle-flie, a stout, a miller-fowle, or bishop. 1763 J. Mills IV. 381 The meunier, or miller grape, delights in light sands. 1866 S. E. Todd (rev. ed.) ii. 108 [List of foreign grapes.] Miller's Burgundy, Miller Grape, Le Mennier, Morillon Taconne. Bunches short, thick, and compact; berries small. the world > the earth > water > lake > pond > [noun] > which drives mill a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker (1884) I. 725/8 Hic assicus, a mylnerpyt. 1497 in T. Dickson (1877) I. 328 Giffin to the foure millar quareouris in Dunbar for stanis wynnyng and breking, iiij lib. xviij s. C2. Compounds with miller's. 1890 3765/3 Miller's-coat, a coat of fence in use in the sixteenth century, apparently a buff-coat or similar defense of leather. the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Pleurotremata > [noun] > family Scyliorhinidae > member of genus Galeus 1836 W. Yarrell II. 390 It is known by the names of Penny Dog and Miller's Dog. 1880–4 F. Day II. 292 Galeus vulgaris..miller's-dog, from its light gray colour. 1782 G. White 8 July (1970) xv. 208 The south wall of the kitchen-garden is covered with a range of vines of the sort called the millers-grape. 1826 1 i. 44 He recommends the cultivation of the miller's or Burgundy grape exclusively. society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > [noun] > art of horse-riding > vaulting exercises or tricks 1641 W. Stokes Pl. 5 The Millers Passe. 1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais xxxv. 160 He brought himself betwixt the horses two eares, springing with all his body into the aire, upon the thumb of his left hand, and in that posture turning like a windmill, did most actively do that trick which is called the Millers Passe. society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > round dance > [noun] > specific 1579 E. Spenser Oct. 52 Carroll lowde, and leade the myllers rownde [glossed f. 43: The Millers, a kind of daunce]. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Hepialidae > hepialus humuli (ghost moth) 1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius 72/2 Pyrallis,..a candle flie; a stout or millers soule [printed foule]. 1894 T. Hardy Few Crusted Characters in 253 He saw one of those great white miller's-souls, as we call 'em—that is to say, a miller-moth. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online June 2022). Millern.2 Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Miller. Etymology: < the name of W. H. Miller (1801–80), English crystallographer and professor of mineralogy at Cambridge, 1832–70. The method was introduced in Miller's Treat. Crystallogr. (1839). Crystallography. the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > [noun] > analytical techniques > to specify plane positions 1890 G. H. Williams ii. 31 To change the signs of any Miller symbol is to change the plane to its parallel and therefore equivalent plane on the opposite side of the crystal. 1900 A. J. Moses & C. L. Parsons (new ed.) i. i. 10 The Miller Indices may be obtained from Weiss's parameters by first dividing each by the common multiple of their numerators and taking the reciprocal of the result. 1940 S. Glasstone v. 336 The fact is represented by a bar over the Miller index, e.g., (111) for a face which has intercepts a, -b and c, on the axes OX, OY and OZ respectively. 1966 C. R. Tottle iii. 59 There are six such planes in the cell, all having the last index in the Miller notation equal to 0, since they are all parallel to the hexagonal axis. 1978 H. M. Rosenberg (ed. 2) i. 8 The Miller index system enables the spacings between adjacent planes to be calculated very easily. 1994 M. B. McBride ii. 58 Lattice planes are specified by their Miller indices. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). Millern.3Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Miller. Etymology: < the name of John M. Miller (1882–1962), U.S. physicist, who described the Miller effect ( Sci. Papers Bur. Standards (1919) No. 351. 367–85). Electronics. the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > thermionic valve > [noun] > other specific effects the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > processes > [noun] > input or output > specific effect 1931 in S. R. Roget (ed. 2) 209/2 . 1934 J. H. Reyner x. 130 In radio practice these bypass condensers approximate to 100 or 300 μμF. and reduce the Miller effect considerably. 1967 6 Mar. 130/1 In applying this principle, called the Miller effect, to a transistor, the equivalent base-to-emitter capacitance..becomes the rated value of the capacitor multiplied by the voltage gain of the transistor. 1995 May 2656/1 Thanks to the use of an enhanced Miller effect an equivalent 4-nF compensation capacitor was achieved while using only a 100-pF capacitor and a low-area single-stage amplifier. 1947 50 307/1 The Miller integrator circuit and its operation are discussed in detail. 1969 J. J. Sparkes iii. 64 The Miller integrator circuit uses feedback to keep the current flowing into the capacitor constant. 1987 J. Millman & A. Grabel (ed. 2) x. 450 Such an integrator makes an excellent sweep circuit for a cathode-ray-tube oscilloscope, and is called a Miller integrator or Miller sweep. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
