millenniumn.

Brit.

/mᵻˈlɛnɪəm/, U.S.

/məˈlɛniəm/

Inflections: Plural millennia, millenniums.

Forms: 1600s– millenium (now nonstandard), 1600s– millennium, 1700s– milennium (now nonstandard). Also with capital initial.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin millennium.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin millennium period of a thousand years (a1210 in a British source) < classical Latin mīlle thousand (see milli- comb. form) + -ennium (in biennium period of two years, triennium triennium n., etc.). Compare French millénium (1765). Compare earlier millenary n. and adj., millenize v.The spelling with -nn- reflects the derivation < classical Latin annus , and that with -n- , shown by millenarian adj. and n. and related words, reflects their derivation from post-classical Latin millenarius; however, the spellings of the two groups of words have frequently been confused. Compare also the spelling of millénium and related words in French.

a. Christian Church. The period of one thousand years during which (according to one interpretation of Revelation 20:1–5) Christ will reign in person on earth.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > biblical events > Second Coming > [noun] > apocalypse > millennium

millenniuma1638

chiliad1702

millenniary1865

a1638 J. Mede Wks. (1672) v. 892 The Millennium of the Reign of Christ is that which the Scriptures call The Day of Judgment.

1694 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) V. 178 Our Lord Christ..would..gather all the Saints..& leade them to Jerusalem, & begin the Millenium.

1772 J. Priestley Inst. Relig. (1782) II. 417 Arguments [are] advanced..against the literal interpretation of the millenium.

1830 S. T. Coleridge Lect. Shakespeare II. 341 The date apocalyptically deduced..for the commencement of the Millennium.

1890 R. Buchanan Coming Terror (1891) 62 Possibly, until the Millennium, there will always be drones.

1945 D. H. Kromminga (title) The millennium in the Church: studies in the history of Christian chiliasm.

1986 Evangelical Q. Jan. 59 The Independent churches..were the high-water mark in this recovery of New Testament polity, and their rise accordingly marked the nearness of the millenium.

b. A period of peace, happiness, prosperity, and ideal government, esp. a future utopia, typically ushered in by violent events accompanying the end of the existing world order.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > [noun] > time of prosperity

highOE

golden age1561

halcyon days1570

gilded age1655

heyday1751

high point1787

millennium1821

palmy days1837

up1843

clover summer1866

flower-time1873

belle époque1910

glory-days1956

the mind > emotion > pleasure > happiness > [noun] > period of happiness and benign government

millennium1821

1821 Ld. Byron Marino Faliero (2nd issue) iv. ii. 119 But this day, black within the calendar, Shall be succeeded by a bright millenium.

1857 J. Toulmin Smith Parish (new ed.) 421 The millennium will indeed have come for professional vagrants.

1899 Edinb. Rev. Jan. 187 A millennium, which lasted a fortnight, succeeded his [sc. George IV's] visit.

1938 R. Crossman in New Statesman 7 May 780/2 Unlike the Stalinites, he has learnt nothing from the experience of Fascism, and so can greet it as a positive advance towards the millennium.

1964 Amer. Scholar 33 Autumn 630/1 The millenium is here, the era of ‘fewer and better’ motion pictures—and what have we?

1986 Marxism Today Sept. 43/1 Who..will draft this constitution? And with what in mind? To usher in a socialist millennium?

1991 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 25 Apr. 28/1 Although Protestantism never gained many converts in Japan, a similar spirit animates Japanese yearnings for a glorious millenium.

a. gen. A period of one thousand years; each of the thousand-year periods reckoned successively from a conventional starting point, esp. from the assumed date of the birth of Christ; the beginning or end of such a period (often regarded or forecast as a turning point in history); (hyperbolically) a very long time. Also: a thousandth anniversary.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > particular time > an anniversary > [noun] > specific anniversaries

jubileec1386

quinquagenary1588

centenary1661

millennium1664

secular1706

coming of age1788

centennial1791

tricentenary1846

tercentenary1855

quinquennial1857

ter-millenary1864

sexcentenary1865

semi-centenary1870

bicentenary1872

septcentenary1873

quincentenary1877

sesquicentennial1880

quadricentennial1882

bicentennial1883

quatercentenary1883

tricentennial1883

tercentennial1884

quincentennial1885

octocentenary1888

quadrennial1890

quingentenary1892

octingentenary1893

ruby anniversary1893

semi-jubilee1893

septingentenary1893

millennial1896

millenary1897

quadringenary1905

quingenary1911

bimillenary1961

sesquicentenary1961

quasquicentennial1962

nongenary1966

octocentennial1994

the world > time > period > year > [noun] > period of specific number of years

hendecadOE

a week of yearsa1382

weekc1384

Olympiada1387

lustre1387

yearc1425

millenary1551

prenticeship1553

septenary1576

lustrum1590

quinquennal1590

seventy1590

septimane1603

quinquennie1606

threescore (years) and tena1616

duodecad1621

quinquennium1621

jubilee1643

quadrenniala1646

chiliad1653

septennary1659

septennium1660

triennial1661

millennium1664

tetraëterid1678

octennial1679

duodenary1681

quadrennium1779

septenniad1836

quinquenniad1842

milliad1843

tricentenary1846

triennium1847

vicennium1847

bimillenary1850

lustration1853

sexennium1858

septennate1874

quinquennial1877

pentad1880

sexennate1898

aeon1960

1664 J. Worthington in J. Mede Wks. (ed. 2) p. xvii He tried..to place the Millennium elsewhere, and..to begin the 1000 years at the reign of Constantine.

a1711 T. Ken Hymnarium 54 in Wks. (1721) II. They on one Theme Milleniums spend.

1773 J. Macpherson Diss. in Poems of Ossian (new ed.) II. 260 It is..needless to fix its origin [sc. that of the kingdom of the Scots] a fictitious millennium before.

1840 T. De Quincey Mod. Superstition in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 574/1 We may pass, by a vast transition of two and a half millennia.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Two Voices in Poems (new ed.) II. 122 Let Thy feet, millenniums hence, be set In midst of knowledge.

1899 E. Markham Man with Hoe 33 The wise King out of the nearing heaven comes To break the spell of long milleniums.

1928 C. Dawson Age of Gods xiii. 289 The decline of the Archaic Culture and the invasions of the warrior peoples at the beginning of the second millennium.

a1955 A. R. Ammons Coll. Poems (1972) 35 Millenniums later waking in a lightened air I shivered.

1978 Church Times 17 Mar. 7/3 Observance of the millenium of St. Edward, King and Martyr, opens at Corfe Castle tomorrow.

1996 Observer 24 Mar. 21/1 The first leadership election held under universal suffrage in five millenniums of Chinese history.

2011 J. Cartwright Other People's Money (2012) viii. 87 She was embalmed by Harry, and the unguent was money. In the old days—she's a bit vague about millennia—the Egyptians used spices.

b. spec. Usually as the Millennium. The year 2000, as marking the beginning of the third millennium a.d., or the end of the second; this year viewed as an occasion for celebration or commemoration. Also: New Year's Eve 1999 and the New Year holiday of January 2000. Cf. Compounds 1.According to traditional Christian chronology, the first day of the third millennium and of the 21st cent. was 1 January 2001.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > period > year > [noun] > of specific calendar > particular year in specific calendar

the year of Christc1392

yeara1500

year of (man's) salvation1560

working year1722

the Millennium1991

1991 S. J. Gould Bully for Brontosaurus Prologue 16 A final thought on Franciscans and Galileans in the light of our environmental concerns as a tattered planet approaches the millennium.

1994 Observer 16 Oct. 5/2 There are five distributory bodies covering the arts, sports, heritage, charities and the millennium.

1998 What Cellphone Aug. 12/3 Professionals and members of the public are being asked to submit ideas for a structure that will serve as a landmark for the Millennium as well as a mobile telecoms mast.

1999 Ann. Rep. J. Sainsbury plc 20/3 The Board has agreed trading hours over the millennium.

2000 Holiday & Leisure Spring 24/3 Manchester will be the north's main focal point for a year-long celebration of the Millennium, with the focal point being a showcase of the canals and rivers which made it such an engine house for the Industrial Revolution.

Compounds

C1. attributive (in sense 2b). Established, designed, held, etc., to commemorate the start of the 21st cent.; of or taking place at this time.

ΚΠ

1992 Independent 18 Dec. 1/5 People are to be asked to propose ideas to a new Millennium Commission of the great and the good for projects for 2000.

1994 Leisure Manager Aug. 7/3 The Albertopolis consortium of South Kensington institutions which has commissioned an architectural millennium scheme from Sir Norman Foster.

1996 Independent on Sunday 19 Jan. (Real Lives section) 3/3 A tidy sum for a spot of bubbly, but then this millennium champagne does come in Methuselahs.

1999 Daily Star 23 Apr. 39/5 Hardest of all is trying to explain how anybody other than Australia has a snowball in hell's chance of lifting the Millennium World Cup.

2000 Dunoon Observer & Argyllshire Standard 1 Jan. 4/3 Awards For All..are celebrating the Scottish Millennium Festival by giving funds to Argyll and Bute's Millennium commemorations.

C2.

millennium baby n. (a) a child reaching adolescence at the start of the 21st cent. (rare); (b) a child born at the start of the 21st cent., esp. on 1 January, 2000.

ΚΠ

1995 Scotsman 22 June 18/2 (headline) The millennium babies cope with growing pains. Citizens of 2000 find adolescence blooming as the teen years beckon.

1997 Mirror (Nexis) 14 Apr. 10 The race will be on for the first Millennium baby.

2000 Southland (N.Z.) Times (Electronic ed.) 3 Jan. At least two southern newborns arrived in time to earn the millennium baby title.

millennium bomb n. = millennium bug n.

ΚΠ

1996 Computer Weekly 21 Mar. 2/3 A large panel of suppliers, consultancies and lawyers tried to persuade users that they will need a lot of professional help to cope with what is being called the millennium bomb.

1998 Meat Trades Jrnl. 17/1 Many small businesses are going to be hit hard by the Millennium bomb.

millennium bug n. Computing a programming bug or ‘error’ affecting some computers, arising from the inability of computer software and firmware to process correctly the dates of 1 January 2000 or later owing to the numerical representation of calendar years by the last two digits only (predicted at the time to cause widespread disruption to computer systems: see quot. 2000).

ΚΠ

1995 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 26 Feb. (Business section) 5 To fix software that carries the millennium bug, the code must be run through a decompiling program that converts the computer code into languages like Cobol.

2000 Times 11 Jan. 2/8 The millennium bug caused just 67 serious computer failures in the world during the first week of 2000.

Derivatives

miˈllenniumism n. rare = millenarianism n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > expectation > hope > doctrine of human perfectibility > [noun] > belief in coming of millennium

millenarism1650

millennism1676

millennianism1692

millenarianism1829

millenniumism1832

1832 Fraser's Mag. 5 121 Who writes Political Economy, and Phrenology, and Millenniumism, but Scotchmen?

1985 New Scientist 6 June 30/3 In following Arianism and milleniumism he believed he was returning to primitive Christianity.

† millenniumite n. Obsolete rare = millenarian n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > expectation > hope > doctrine of human perfectibility > [noun] > belief in coming of millennium > believer in

millenary1561

millenarist1645

millenarian1648

milliary1650

millenar1654

millennist1664

millennian1693

millenniary1810

millennianite1834

millenniumite1837

society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > biblical events > Second Coming > [noun] > apocalypse > believer in

millenary1561

chiliast1611

millenarist1645

millenarian1648

milliary1650

millenar1654

Fifth-monarchy man1655

millennist1664

millennian1693

Fifth-monarchist1736

millenniary1810

millennianite1834

millennialist1835

millenniumite1837

eschatologist1877

millenarianist1971

1837 New Monthly Mag. 49 341 The movement party, with its train of optimists, millenniumites, and other indescribable shades and varieties of perfectibility-men.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	millennium
释义	millenniumn. Brit. /mᵻˈlɛnɪəm/, U.S. /məˈlɛniəm/ Inflections: Plural millennia, millenniums. Forms: 1600s– millenium (now nonstandard), 1600s– millennium, 1700s– milennium (now nonstandard). Also with capital initial. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin millennium. Etymology: < post-classical Latin millennium period of a thousand years (a1210 in a British source) < classical Latin mīlle thousand (see milli- comb. form) + -ennium (in biennium period of two years, triennium triennium n., etc.). Compare French millénium (1765). Compare earlier millenary n. and adj., millenize v.The spelling with -nn- reflects the derivation < classical Latin annus , and that with -n- , shown by millenarian adj. and n. and related words, reflects their derivation from post-classical Latin millenarius; however, the spellings of the two groups of words have frequently been confused. Compare also the spelling of millénium and related words in French. 1. a. Christian Church. The period of one thousand years during which (according to one interpretation of Revelation 20:1–5) Christ will reign in person on earth. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > biblical events > Second Coming > [noun] > apocalypse > millennium millenniuma1638 chiliad1702 millenniary1865 a1638 J. Mede Wks. (1672) v. 892 The Millennium of the Reign of Christ is that which the Scriptures call The Day of Judgment. 1694 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) V. 178 Our Lord Christ..would..gather all the Saints..& leade them to Jerusalem, & begin the Millenium. 1772 J. Priestley Inst. Relig. (1782) II. 417 Arguments [are] advanced..against the literal interpretation of the millenium. 1830 S. T. Coleridge Lect. Shakespeare II. 341 The date apocalyptically deduced..for the commencement of the Millennium. 1890 R. Buchanan Coming Terror (1891) 62 Possibly, until the Millennium, there will always be drones. 1945 D. H. Kromminga (title) The millennium in the Church: studies in the history of Christian chiliasm. 1986 Evangelical Q. Jan. 59 The Independent churches..were the high-water mark in this recovery of New Testament polity, and their rise accordingly marked the nearness of the millenium. b. A period of peace, happiness, prosperity, and ideal government, esp. a future utopia, typically ushered in by violent events accompanying the end of the existing world order. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > [noun] > time of prosperity highOE golden age1561 halcyon days1570 gilded age1655 heyday1751 high point1787 millennium1821 palmy days1837 up1843 clover summer1866 flower-time1873 belle époque1910 glory-days1956 the mind > emotion > pleasure > happiness > [noun] > period of happiness and benign government millennium1821 1821 Ld. Byron Marino Faliero (2nd issue) iv. ii. 119 But this day, black within the calendar, Shall be succeeded by a bright millenium. 1857 J. Toulmin Smith Parish (new ed.) 421 The millennium will indeed have come for professional vagrants. 1899 Edinb. Rev. Jan. 187 A millennium, which lasted a fortnight, succeeded his [sc. George IV's] visit. 1938 R. Crossman in New Statesman 7 May 780/2 Unlike the Stalinites, he has learnt nothing from the experience of Fascism, and so can greet it as a positive advance towards the millennium. 1964 Amer. Scholar 33 Autumn 630/1 The millenium is here, the era of ‘fewer and better’ motion pictures—and what have we? 1986 Marxism Today Sept. 43/1 Who..will draft this constitution? And with what in mind? To usher in a socialist millennium? 1991 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 25 Apr. 28/1 Although Protestantism never gained many converts in Japan, a similar spirit animates Japanese yearnings for a glorious millenium. 2. a. gen. A period of one thousand years; each of the thousand-year periods reckoned successively from a conventional starting point, esp. from the assumed date of the birth of Christ; the beginning or end of such a period (often regarded or forecast as a turning point in history); (hyperbolically) a very long time. Also: a thousandth anniversary. ΘΚΠ the world > time > particular time > an anniversary > [noun] > specific anniversaries jubileec1386 quinquagenary1588 centenary1661 millennium1664 secular1706 coming of age1788 centennial1791 tricentenary1846 tercentenary1855 quinquennial1857 ter-millenary1864 sexcentenary1865 semi-centenary1870 bicentenary1872 septcentenary1873 quincentenary1877 sesquicentennial1880 quadricentennial1882 bicentennial1883 quatercentenary1883 tricentennial1883 tercentennial1884 quincentennial1885 octocentenary1888 quadrennial1890 quingentenary1892 octingentenary1893 ruby anniversary1893 semi-jubilee1893 septingentenary1893 millennial1896 millenary1897 quadringenary1905 quingenary1911 bimillenary1961 sesquicentenary1961 quasquicentennial1962 nongenary1966 octocentennial1994 the world > time > period > year > [noun] > period of specific number of years hendecadOE a week of yearsa1382 weekc1384 Olympiada1387 lustre1387 yearc1425 millenary1551 prenticeship1553 septenary1576 lustrum1590 quinquennal1590 seventy1590 septimane1603 quinquennie1606 threescore (years) and tena1616 duodecad1621 quinquennium1621 jubilee1643 quadrenniala1646 chiliad1653 septennary1659 septennium1660 triennial1661 millennium1664 tetraëterid1678 octennial1679 duodenary1681 quadrennium1779 septenniad1836 quinquenniad1842 milliad1843 tricentenary1846 triennium1847 vicennium1847 bimillenary1850 lustration1853 sexennium1858 septennate1874 quinquennial1877 pentad1880 sexennate1898 aeon1960 1664 J. Worthington in J. Mede Wks. (ed. 2) p. xvii He tried..to place the Millennium elsewhere, and..to begin the 1000 years at the reign of Constantine. a1711 T. Ken Hymnarium 54 in Wks. (1721) II. They on one Theme Milleniums spend. 1773 J. Macpherson Diss. in Poems of Ossian (new ed.) II. 260 It is..needless to fix its origin [sc. that of the kingdom of the Scots] a fictitious millennium before. 1840 T. De Quincey Mod. Superstition in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 574/1 We may pass, by a vast transition of two and a half millennia. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Two Voices in Poems (new ed.) II. 122 Let Thy feet, millenniums hence, be set In midst of knowledge. 1899 E. Markham Man with Hoe 33 The wise King out of the nearing heaven comes To break the spell of long milleniums. 1928 C. Dawson Age of Gods xiii. 289 The decline of the Archaic Culture and the invasions of the warrior peoples at the beginning of the second millennium. a1955 A. R. Ammons Coll. Poems (1972) 35 Millenniums later waking in a lightened air I shivered. 1978 Church Times 17 Mar. 7/3 Observance of the millenium of St. Edward, King and Martyr, opens at Corfe Castle tomorrow. 1996 Observer 24 Mar. 21/1 The first leadership election held under universal suffrage in five millenniums of Chinese history. 2011 J. Cartwright Other People's Money (2012) viii. 87 She was embalmed by Harry, and the unguent was money. In the old days—she's a bit vague about millennia—the Egyptians used spices. b. spec. Usually as the Millennium. The year 2000, as marking the beginning of the third millennium a.d., or the end of the second; this year viewed as an occasion for celebration or commemoration. Also: New Year's Eve 1999 and the New Year holiday of January 2000. Cf. Compounds 1.According to traditional Christian chronology, the first day of the third millennium and of the 21st cent. was 1 January 2001. ΘΚΠ the world > time > period > year > [noun] > of specific calendar > particular year in specific calendar the year of Christc1392 yeara1500 year of (man's) salvation1560 working year1722 the Millennium1991 1991 S. J. Gould Bully for Brontosaurus Prologue 16 A final thought on Franciscans and Galileans in the light of our environmental concerns as a tattered planet approaches the millennium. 1994 Observer 16 Oct. 5/2 There are five distributory bodies covering the arts, sports, heritage, charities and the millennium. 1998 What Cellphone Aug. 12/3 Professionals and members of the public are being asked to submit ideas for a structure that will serve as a landmark for the Millennium as well as a mobile telecoms mast. 1999 Ann. Rep. J. Sainsbury plc 20/3 The Board has agreed trading hours over the millennium. 2000 Holiday & Leisure Spring 24/3 Manchester will be the north's main focal point for a year-long celebration of the Millennium, with the focal point being a showcase of the canals and rivers which made it such an engine house for the Industrial Revolution. Compounds C1. attributive (in sense 2b). Established, designed, held, etc., to commemorate the start of the 21st cent.; of or taking place at this time. ΚΠ 1992 Independent 18 Dec. 1/5 People are to be asked to propose ideas to a new Millennium Commission of the great and the good for projects for 2000. 1994 Leisure Manager Aug. 7/3 The Albertopolis consortium of South Kensington institutions which has commissioned an architectural millennium scheme from Sir Norman Foster. 1996 Independent on Sunday 19 Jan. (Real Lives section) 3/3 A tidy sum for a spot of bubbly, but then this millennium champagne does come in Methuselahs. 1999 Daily Star 23 Apr. 39/5 Hardest of all is trying to explain how anybody other than Australia has a snowball in hell's chance of lifting the Millennium World Cup. 2000 Dunoon Observer & Argyllshire Standard 1 Jan. 4/3 Awards For All..are celebrating the Scottish Millennium Festival by giving funds to Argyll and Bute's Millennium commemorations. C2. millennium baby n. (a) a child reaching adolescence at the start of the 21st cent. (rare); (b) a child born at the start of the 21st cent., esp. on 1 January, 2000. ΚΠ 1995 Scotsman 22 June 18/2 (headline) The millennium babies cope with growing pains. Citizens of 2000 find adolescence blooming as the teen years beckon. 1997 Mirror (Nexis) 14 Apr. 10 The race will be on for the first Millennium baby. 2000 Southland (N.Z.) Times (Electronic ed.) 3 Jan. At least two southern newborns arrived in time to earn the millennium baby title. millennium bomb n. = millennium bug n. ΚΠ 1996 Computer Weekly 21 Mar. 2/3 A large panel of suppliers, consultancies and lawyers tried to persuade users that they will need a lot of professional help to cope with what is being called the millennium bomb. 1998 Meat Trades Jrnl. 17/1 Many small businesses are going to be hit hard by the Millennium bomb. millennium bug n. Computing a programming bug or ‘error’ affecting some computers, arising from the inability of computer software and firmware to process correctly the dates of 1 January 2000 or later owing to the numerical representation of calendar years by the last two digits only (predicted at the time to cause widespread disruption to computer systems: see quot. 2000). ΚΠ 1995 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 26 Feb. (Business section) 5 To fix software that carries the millennium bug, the code must be run through a decompiling program that converts the computer code into languages like Cobol. 2000 Times 11 Jan. 2/8 The millennium bug caused just 67 serious computer failures in the world during the first week of 2000. Derivatives miˈllenniumism n. rare = millenarianism n. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > hope > doctrine of human perfectibility > [noun] > belief in coming of millennium millenarism1650 millennism1676 millennianism1692 millenarianism1829 millenniumism1832 1832 Fraser's Mag. 5 121 Who writes Political Economy, and Phrenology, and Millenniumism, but Scotchmen? 1985 New Scientist 6 June 30/3 In following Arianism and milleniumism he believed he was returning to primitive Christianity. † millenniumite n. Obsolete rare = millenarian n. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > hope > doctrine of human perfectibility > [noun] > belief in coming of millennium > believer in millenary1561 millenarist1645 millenarian1648 milliary1650 millenar1654 millennist1664 millennian1693 millenniary1810 millennianite1834 millenniumite1837 society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > biblical events > Second Coming > [noun] > apocalypse > believer in millenary1561 chiliast1611 millenarist1645 millenarian1648 milliary1650 millenar1654 Fifth-monarchy man1655 millennist1664 millennian1693 Fifth-monarchist1736 millenniary1810 millennianite1834 millennialist1835 millenniumite1837 eschatologist1877 millenarianist1971 1837 New Monthly Mag. 49 341 The movement party, with its train of optimists, millenniumites, and other indescribable shades and varieties of perfectibility-men. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1638
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