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单词 azure
释义

azuren.adj.

Brit. /ˈaʒə/, /ˈaʒj(ʊ)ə/, /ˈazjʊə/, /ˈeɪʒə/, /ˈeɪʒj(ʊ)ə/, /ˈeɪzjʊə/, U.S. /ˈæʒər/
Forms: Middle English azer, Middle English asur(e, Middle English aser(e, aserre, 1500s asour, aisur, 1600s azur, Middle English– azure.
Etymology: < Old French azur, asur (11th cent.), cognate with Provençal azur, Old Spanish azur, Spanish azul, Portuguese azul, Italian azzurro, azzuolo, medieval Latin azura, azzurum, azolum, adaptations of Arabic (al-)lazward, < Persian lājward, lāzhward, lapis lazuli, blue colour. The initial l is absent in the Romance languages, apparently having been dropped along with Arabic article al-, or as if it were the article l'. It remains in medieval Greek λαζούριον, and medieval Latin lazurius, lazur, lazulus, lapis lazuli, literary forms taken directly from eastern authors or sources.
A. n.
1. The precious stone lapis lazuli.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > lapis lazuli > [noun]
azurec1374
lapis lazulia1425
lazule-stone1598
jazel1616
azure-stone1657
lazuli1789
lazulite1807
lapis1811
lazurite1892
c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 1321 A broche of golde and asure.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1411 Al in asure & ynde enaumayld.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1411 Al in asure & ynde enaumayld.
a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 351 Ther gold and syluyr wase spred, And asur that wase blewe.
1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. clxxxixv This toumbe was..set with precious stone Alayd with asure.
1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 65 Richly gilded, and adorned with Azure, and Mosaicke workmanship.
1783 W. F. Martyn Geogr. Mag. 1 131 About Tauris, the mineral azure is also found.
2. A bright blue pigment or dye; elliptical a fabric dyed of this colour. azure of Almayne: ? Prussian blue.Ultramarine is made from powdered lapis lazuli.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > blue colouring matter > [noun] > blue pigment > specific
azurec1374
lapis lazulia1425
litmusc1503
verditer1505
florey1527
bice1548
smalt1558
smalts1591
smalt1598
ultramarine1598
litmus blue1612
verditer1665
ultramarine blue (or colour)1686
blue sublimate1700
Prussian blue1724
terre bleue1728
starch blue1742
king's blue1778
verditel1778
Antwerp brown1787
Berlin blue1794
lacmus1794
Antwerp blue1795
French blue1802
lapis1811
Waterloo blue1815
Waterloo1823
cobalt1835
Thénard's blue1837
iron blue1839
turnsole1839
permanent blue1863
opal blue1880
Haarlem blue1885
cyanine blue1886
cerulean blue1889
Victoria blue1890
Milori blue1899
Prussian1911
Windsor blue1912
gentianine1927
Monastral1936
Alcian Blue1947
c1374 G. Chaucer Anelida & Arcite 330 Youre figure Before me stante Cloothed in Asure.
1430 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. ii And gan forthwith with golde and asure paint.
c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lxv/1 Make an hole in a tree..doo in ye hole good asure of almayne..and the frute shalbe blew colour.
1552 Act 5 & 6 Edw. VI vi. §11 All broad Plunkets, Azures, Blewes and other coloured Cloth.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 484 Cæruleum or Azur, is a certaine sandy grit or pouder.
1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) I. 874 The darkest-coloured smalts, known as King's-blue or azure.
3. Heraldry. The blue colour in coats of arms, represented in engraving by horizontal lines.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > [noun]
bluec1300
azurea1330
blueness1600
blueth1754
society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic tincture > [noun] > colour > blue
azurea1330
Jove1562
periwinkle1562
sapphire1562
Jupiter1572
a1330 Sire Degarré 995 With the scheld of asur, And thre bor heuedes ther in.
c1475 ( in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1861) II. 142 Thre flour-de-lys of gold, The fielde of asure.
1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie i. iii. 11 Blew..in Blazon is termed Azure.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Azure, in Heraldry, signifies a blue Colour, in the Coats of Arms of all Persons under the Degree of a Baron.
1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 143/2.
4. The clear blue colour of the unclouded sky, or of the sea reflecting it. (Originally, the deep intense blue of more southern latitudes.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > sky, heavens > [noun] > unclouded > colour of
azure1481
the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > [noun] > sky blue
azure1481
azury?1504
blue celest1535
sky colour1552
sky1668
sky blue1681
cerulean1756
cerule1830
celeste1875
ciel1910
1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. viii. 81 The colour of Asure lyke unto the heuen whan it is pure and clere.
1656 A. Cowley Davideis ii. 62 in Poems He cuts out a silk Mantle from the skies, Where the most sprightly azure pleas'd the eyes.
1725 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. i. 408 Celestial azure brightning in her eyes.
1823 Ld. Byron Island iii. iii. 50 The vast and sullen swell Of ocean's Alpine azure.
5.
a. The unclouded vault of heaven.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > sky, heavens > [noun] > unclouded
azure1667
hyaline1667
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 297 Not like those steps On Heavens Azure . View more context for this quotation
1737 R. Glover Leonidas iii. 72 Mingling its majestick front With heav'n's bright azure.
1871 F. T. Palgrave Lyrical Poems 10 Above, the crystal azure, perfect, pale.
b. figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > duration > [noun] > remote time or distance
mist1701
deep time1832
azure1834
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. ix, in Fraser's Mag. Apr. 451/1 Borne aloft into the azure of Eternity.
1873 J. Tyndall Addr. Brit. Assoc. When you and I, like streaks of morning cloud, shall have melted into the infinite azure of the past.
B. adj.
1. Heraldry. Blue.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > [adjective]
bluec1300
inde1359
blaec1400
glawke1412
azurea1450
society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic tincture > [adjective] > blue
azurea1450
azured1562
jovial1610
a1450 Syr Eglamore 1030 He bare, Aserre, a grype of golde.
?1650 Don Bellianis 16 A Knight cloathed in an azure armour.
1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in Idylls of King 181 Sir Lancelot's azure lions, crowned with gold.
2.
a. Coloured like the unclouded sky; originally of a deep intense blue, now usually of a soft clear bright blue, as the sky of more northern latitudes; sky-coloured, cerulean.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > sky, heavens > [adjective] > colour
redOE
azure?a1513
the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > [adjective] > sky blue
azured1490
azure?a1513
sky-coloured1567
ceruleous?1578
sky colour1581
cerule1591
sky-like1594
ceruleal1634
azurne1637
cerulous1651
lazure1671
cerulean1677
sky blue1703
skyey1816
azure-blue1859
cerulescent1880
azurean1882
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 101 The hevinly aisur skyis licht.
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. D3 Her azure vaines, her alablaster skinne. View more context for this quotation
a1626 F. Bacon Sylva Sylvarum (1627) §5 No Beast hath any fine Azure, or Carnation, or Green Haire.
a1763 W. Shenstone Odes (1765) 110 The little halcyon's azure plume Was never half so blue.
1813 W. Scott Bridal of Triermain ii. xxvii. 99 Slow the dark fringed eye-lids fall, Curtaining each azure ball.
1819 P. B. Shelley Rosalind & Helen 50 It was the azure time of June.
b. (Used, like Latin cæruleus, as an epithet of sea-and river-deities and things belonging to them.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > [adjective] > of specific types
azure1697
navicular1774
poliadic1886
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 139 High o're the Main in wat'ry Pomp he rides, His azure Carr. View more context for this quotation
1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey II. v. 427 An azure sister of the main.
3.
a. figurative. Like the unclouded sky; clear, cloudless.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > transparency or translucence > [adjective] > like the sky
azure1827
sky-clear1840
1827 T. Carlyle State Germ. Lit. in Edinb. Rev. Oct. 320 Is not Klopstock, with..his azure purity..a man of taste?
1841 D. Brewster Martyrs of Sci. ii. iv. 180 Those azure moments when the clouds broke from his mind.
b. transferred in Jewellery (see quot. 1865).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > [adjective] > of gems: placed in setting > type of setting
azure1865
pavé1903
1865 H. Emanuel Diamonds & Precious Stones 218 Sometimes..stones which are set open, or, to use the technical term, ‘azur’, have the interior of the setting enamelled or painted, to throw a tint of colour into the gem.
4. Bookbinding. Composed of horizontal parallel lines, as a tooled or stamped design; also applied to the tool used for making such a design (cf. sense A. 3).
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > book > manufacture or production of books > book-binding > ornament or lettering on binding > [noun] > impressed designs > type of
fillet1641
blind-tooling1818
blocking1846
gold blocking1852
blind-blocking1870
run-up1875
gouge1885
azure1894
goffering1894
blind-stamping1910
1894 Amer. Dict. Printing & Bookmaking 31 Azure tools.
1922 E. J. Kimble Vocational Vocabs. (ed. 2) 24 Bookbinding..azure tools.
1953 H. Lemaître & A. Thompson Vocabularium Bibliothecarii I. 198 Azure tooling (decoration with close parallel lines).

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a.
azure-bice adj.
ΚΠ
a1500 Early Eng. Misc. (1855) 78 Iff thou wylt preve asure bice, if hit be good or badde.
azure-blue adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > [adjective] > sky blue
azured1490
azure?a1513
sky-coloured1567
ceruleous?1578
sky colour1581
cerule1591
sky-like1594
ceruleal1634
azurne1637
cerulous1651
lazure1671
cerulean1677
sky blue1703
skyey1816
azure-blue1859
cerulescent1880
azurean1882
1859 W. S. Coleman Our Woodlands 113 The pretty Azure-blue butterfly (Polyommatus Argiolus).
azure-circled adj.
ΚΠ
1879 Ld. Tennyson Lover's Tale (new ed.) 29 High over all the azure-circled earth.
b.
azure-bright adj.
ΚΠ
1930 O. St. J. Gogarty Wild Apples 15 And gazed out at azure-bright pinnacled forms.
azure-coloured adj.
ΚΠ
1617 Wardens' Acc. in J. B. Heath Some Acct. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1869) 426 Azure couloured cloathes for the poore men's gownes.
azure-eyed adj.
ΚΠ
1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. ii. 539 Minerva azure-eyed advanced.
azure-flaming adj.
ΚΠ
1929 E. Blunden Near & Far 19 And azure-flaming waves around rock-caves.
azure-lidded adj.
ΚΠ
1820 J. Keats Eve of St. Agnes in Lamia & Other Poems 98 And still she slept an azure-lidded sleep.
azure-veined adj.
C2.
azure lazulite n.
azure-spar n.
azure-stone n. the lapis lazuli, or lazulite.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > lapis lazuli > [noun]
azurec1374
lapis lazulia1425
lazule-stone1598
jazel1616
azure-stone1657
lazuli1789
lazulite1807
lapis1811
lazurite1892
1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Medicinal Materials ii, in Medicinal Dispensatory sig. Fff* The Azure-stone is most commonly in the gold Mynes.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

azurev.

Etymology: < azure n.; compare French azurer (Cotgrave).Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈazure.
To paint, dye, or colour azure or bright blue.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > making blue > make blue [verb (transitive)] > with paint or dye
woad1463
azure1490
1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xv. 57 The blewe cote of the heuens azured.
1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1334/2 Two banners of silke azured with the armes of Aniou.
1656 W. Montagu tr. J. Du Bosc Accomplish'd Woman 118 We azure wainscots, paint images, guild swords.
1791 W. Hamilton tr. C.-L. Berthollet Elements Art of Dyeing I. i. ii. i The silks are..azured with river-water.
1833 Blackwood's Mag. 34 540 She saffrons the hills, and azures the mountains.

Derivatives

azuring n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > making blue > [noun] > with paint or dye
azuring1869
1869 Eng. Mech. 2 July 340/2 Aniline colours have been employed..for the azuring of the surface of the paper.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
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n.adj.a1330v.1490
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