microben.

Brit.

/ˈmʌɪkrəʊb/, U.S.

/ˈmaɪkroʊb/

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French microbe.

Etymology: < French microbe (C. Sédillot, March 1878: see Comptes rendus (1878) 86 634; from 188 in figurative use) < micro- micro- comb. form + ancient Greek βίος (see bio- comb. form).The word was coined by Sédillot after consultation with the lexicographer Émile Littré as to its form; it was coined expressly to provide a suitable alternative to a group of words (as microzoaire, microphyte, animalcule, etc.) which had been used with greater or lesser precision to denote various types of microorganism. This formation has frequently been criticized on the grounds that, had an adjective *μικρόβιος existed in ancient Greek, it would have had the meaning ‘short-lived’. For Littré's counter-argument and for a modern appraisal, see É. Benveniste Problèmes de Linguistique Générale (1974) II. xii. 163–8.1886 E. L. Trouessart Microbes, Ferments & Moulds Introd. 4 It was at the Paris Academy of Sciences, on the 11th of March, 1878, that Sédillot took part in..discussions between the advocates of the Microzoaria and those of the Microphyta, and he suggested..the word microbe.

Biology.

An extremely small living organism, a microorganism; esp. a bacterium causing disease or fermentation. Also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > [noun]

microphyte1859

microzoon1859

microzoary1863

mycetes1874

spore1876

microbe1880

microorganism1880

microzooid1881

microbion1883

bug1885

macrospore1888

microzoan1890

microzoarian1890

zymophyte1890

germ1897

bot1937

probiotic1974

1880 Science 14 Aug. 77 Even impure air sent through putrefied meat, far from being charged with microbes, is entirely purified.

1888 Philos. Trans. 1887 (Royal Soc.) B. 178 113 If any microbes have gained access the liquid will, after suitable incubation, suffer visible alteration.

1890 in J. R. Ware Passing Eng. (1900) 175/2 The abdication by the Radical party of its proper functions has an unfortunate tendency to foster..the microbe of sectionalism.

1908 Jrnl. Compar. Pathol. & Therapeutics 21 59 Filters which are efficient for the arrest of the smallest of the known visible microbes allow the viruses of these diseases to pass through their pores.

1931 V. Sackville-West All Passion Spent iii. 231 He had a lively sense of the presence of microbes in all public conveyances.

1971 Listener 15 Apr. 493/2 Dr Bannerman had put microbes in the privy to test the fumigant.

1994 Business Week 5 Dec. 19/1 Preston focuses on the incredibly dangerous..Ebola virus, an African microbe that kills 9 out of 10 victims.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	microbe
释义	microben. Brit. /ˈmʌɪkrəʊb/, U.S. /ˈmaɪkroʊb/ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French microbe. Etymology: < French microbe (C. Sédillot, March 1878: see Comptes rendus (1878) 86 634; from 188 in figurative use) < micro- micro- comb. form + ancient Greek βίος (see bio- comb. form).The word was coined by Sédillot after consultation with the lexicographer Émile Littré as to its form; it was coined expressly to provide a suitable alternative to a group of words (as microzoaire, microphyte, animalcule, etc.) which had been used with greater or lesser precision to denote various types of microorganism. This formation has frequently been criticized on the grounds that, had an adjective *μικρόβιος existed in ancient Greek, it would have had the meaning ‘short-lived’. For Littré's counter-argument and for a modern appraisal, see É. Benveniste Problèmes de Linguistique Générale (1974) II. xii. 163–8.1886 E. L. Trouessart Microbes, Ferments & Moulds Introd. 4 It was at the Paris Academy of Sciences, on the 11th of March, 1878, that Sédillot took part in..discussions between the advocates of the Microzoaria and those of the Microphyta, and he suggested..the word microbe. Biology. An extremely small living organism, a microorganism; esp. a bacterium causing disease or fermentation. Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > [noun] microphyte1859 microzoon1859 microzoary1863 mycetes1874 spore1876 microbe1880 microorganism1880 microzooid1881 microbion1883 bug1885 macrospore1888 microzoan1890 microzoarian1890 zymophyte1890 germ1897 bot1937 probiotic1974 1880 Science 14 Aug. 77 Even impure air sent through putrefied meat, far from being charged with microbes, is entirely purified. 1888 Philos. Trans. 1887 (Royal Soc.) B. 178 113 If any microbes have gained access the liquid will, after suitable incubation, suffer visible alteration. 1890 in J. R. Ware Passing Eng. (1900) 175/2 The abdication by the Radical party of its proper functions has an unfortunate tendency to foster..the microbe of sectionalism. 1908 Jrnl. Compar. Pathol. & Therapeutics 21 59 Filters which are efficient for the arrest of the smallest of the known visible microbes allow the viruses of these diseases to pass through their pores. 1931 V. Sackville-West All Passion Spent iii. 231 He had a lively sense of the presence of microbes in all public conveyances. 1971 Listener 15 Apr. 493/2 Dr Bannerman had put microbes in the privy to test the fumigant. 1994 Business Week 5 Dec. 19/1 Preston focuses on the incredibly dangerous..Ebola virus, an African microbe that kills 9 out of 10 victims. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1880
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