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单词 midriff
释义

midriffn.

Brit. /ˈmɪdrɪf/, U.S. /ˈmɪdˌrɪf(t)/
Forms: Old English (probably transmission error) 1500s–1600s midrife, Old English–early Middle English midhrif, Old English–1500s 1700s–1800s midrif, Middle English midref, Middle English mydref, Middle English mydreyf, Middle English mydrif, Middle English–1500s mydryf, Middle English–1500s mydryff, Middle English–1500s mydryffe, late Middle English middrif, late Middle English midreff, late Middle English midreffe, late Middle English myddereffe, late Middle English myddrefe, late Middle English mydrefe, late Middle English mydruv (perhaps transmission error), 1500s middreffe, 1500s middryfe, 1500s midrefe, 1500s midriefe, 1500s myddreffe, 1500s mydryfe, 1500s–1600s middriffe, 1500s–1600s midriffe, 1500s– midriff, 1600s middrift, 1600s midreife.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian midhrif < the Germanic base of mid adj. + the Germanic base of Old English hrif belly (cognate with Old Frisian href , hrif , Old Saxon ref (Middle Low German rif , ref ), Old High German href < the Indo-European base of classical Latin corpus : see corpse n.); compare (with different first element: see middle adj.) Middle Dutch middelrijf (Dutch middelrif , (rare) middenrif : compare middleriff n.), Middle Low German middelrif . Compare midred n., and later riff n.3The form mydruv should perhaps be interpreted as a transmission error for mydrun , and hence a variant (not elsewhere attested) of midgen n. (compare forms s.v.).
1.
a. The diaphragm (now rare). Originally also: the greater omentum (now rare, perhaps obsolete).Cf. midred n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > internal organs > diaphragm > [noun]
midredeOE
midriffeOE
diaphragm1398
midgena1400
middleriff1598
traverse1601
riff1631
phren1706
eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. lvi. 278 Hwilum onginneð of þam midhrife se is betweox þære wambe & þære lifre.
OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) 3 (table of contents) Wiþ þæt mannes midrif ace.
OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) iii. 44 Gif mannes midrife [read midrif; ?a1200 Harl. 6258B midhrif] ace genime fifleafan seaw, mencg to wine & drince.
a1333 Gloss. W. de Bibbesworth (BL Add.) (1929) 76 (MED) Midrif.
a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 148 (MED) He declineþ into þe ynnere partie til þat he peerse þoruȝ þe mydrif.
a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 45v Omentum, a myddrefe or a wombcloute.
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 337 Mydryf of a beste,..diafragma.
a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 10 Take..þo mydruv [perh. read mydrun] and þe kydnere, And hew hom smalle.
1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. eviij In the Mydref that callid is the rondell also.
1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 49 The entrayles, which be underneth the myddreffe.
?1550 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Healthe sig. a.viiiv A wounde in the braynes, hert, midrife,..or lyuer is deadly.
1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. iii. 156 Theres no roome for faith, trueth, nor honestie, in this bosome of thine. It is all fild vp with guttes and midriffe . View more context for this quotation
1613 M. Ridley Short Treat. Magneticall Bodies 28 An Aequator, or middle fence, that divideth the whole body in the middest between the two Poles, like a Middrift.
1641 J. Milton Of Reformation 84 We would burst our midriffes rather then laugh.
1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) i. xiv. 34 A broad Membranous and thin Ligament,..arising from the Peritonæum which the Midriff undercircles.
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Oesophagus It..passes through the Midriff.
1806 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Inferno II. xxviii. 195 Dangling his entrails hung, the midriff..and wretched ventricle, That turns th' englutted aliment to dross.
1849 H. Melville Redburn xx. 127 Jonah himself must have been disappointed when he looked up to the domed midriff surmounting the whale's belly.
1898 Catholic World June 354 Swiftly four pariahs bear the head into the idol's presence, four chucklers hasten to cut off one of the fore-legs, which is inserted crosswise in her mouth, and the midriff is, as usual, placed upon her head.
1910 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 166/2 The diaphragm or midriff..is a large fibro-muscular partition between the cavities of the thorax and abdomen.
a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xxi. 660 Mammals stand alone in having a muscular sheet—the midriff or diaphragm—separating the chest-cavity..from the abdominal cavity.
b. As a term of abuse. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior person > [noun] > as abused
warlockOE
swinec1175
beastc1225
wolf's-fista1300
avetrolc1300
congeonc1300
dirtc1300
slimec1315
snipec1325
lurdanc1330
misbegetc1330
sorrowa1350
shrew1362
jordan1377
wirlingc1390
frog?a1400
warianglea1400
wretcha1400
horcop14..
turdc1400
callet1415
lotterela1450
paddock?a1475
souter1478
chuff?a1500
langbain?c1500
cockatrice1508
sow1508
spink1508
wilrone1508
rook?a1513
streaker?a1513
dirt-dauber?1518
marmoset1523
babiona1529
poll-hatcheta1529
bear-wolf1542
misbegotten1546
pig1546
excrement1561
mamzer1562
chuff-cat1563
varlet1566
toada1568
mandrake1568
spider1568
rat1571
bull-beef1573
mole-catcher1573
suppository1573
curtal1578
spider-catcher1579
mongrela1585
roita1585
stickdirta1585
dogfish1589
Poor John1589
dog's facec1590
tar-boxa1592
baboon1592
pot-hunter1592
venom1592
porcupine1594
lick-fingers1595
mouldychaps1595
tripe1595
conundrum1596
fat-guts1598
thornback1599
land-rat1600
midriff1600
stinkardc1600
Tartar1600
tumbril1601
lobster1602
pilcher1602
windfucker?1602
stinker1607
hog rubber1611
shad1612
splay-foot1612
tim1612
whit1612
verdugo1616
renegado1622
fish-facea1625
flea-trapa1625
hound's head1633
mulligrub1633
nightmare1633
toad's-guts1634
bitch-baby1638
shagamuffin1642
shit-breech1648
shitabed1653
snite1653
pissabed1672
bastard1675
swab1687
tar-barrel1695
runt1699
fat-face1740
shit-sack1769
vagabond1842
shick-shack1847
soor1848
b1851
stink-pot1854
molie1871
pig-dog1871
schweinhund1871
wind-sucker1880
fucker1893
cocksucker1894
wart1896
so-and-so1897
swine-hound1899
motherfucker1918
S.O.B.1918
twat1922
mong1926
mucker1929
basket1936
cowson1936
zombie1936
meatball1937
shower1943
chickenshit1945
mugger1945
motherferyer1946
hooer1952
morpion1954
mother1955
mother-raper1959
louser1960
effer1961
salaud1962
gunk1964
scunge1967
1600 T. Dekker Shomakers Holiday sig. B3 Wife. Seuen yeares husband? Eyre. Peace Midriffe, peace, I know what I do, peace.
1600 T. Dekker Shomakers Holiday sig. C2v What Nan, what Madge-mumble-crust, come out you fatte Midriffe-swag, belly-whores.
c. A partition (in quot. 1834 probably in extended use of a board not serving as a partition). Cf. diaphragm n. 2a. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition or fact of being interjacent > [noun] > that which is interjacent > and separates two things > a partition
interclose1344
enterclosea1430
partition1545
distinction1578
membrane1631
septuma1638
diaphragm1660
midriff1660
cloison1693
separationc1720
dispartation1779
separator1881
1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall Proem 12 In the midst of which frame, is..nail'd a board,..which may not improperly be call'd a Midriff.
1682 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech.: 2nd Pt. 19 A Diaphragma or Midriff of Tin whose edges are so polished on both sides that [etc.].
1766 Compl. Farmer at Ventilator A square box..in the middle of which is placed a broad partition, or midriff, made to move up and down.
1834 W. S. W. Ruschenberger Three Years in Pacific 346 A horizontal stage, supported by stanchions and chains, juts out from the top of the rock, having a vertical shutter or midriff floating from its edge. The ascent from the camel to the stage is effected by the aid of a rope ladder.
d. colloquial. to tickle (also shake) the midriff and variants: to cause laughter. to shake to the midriff: to laugh heartily. See also midriff-shaken adj. at Compounds 1b.
ΚΠ
1831 C. Lamb Peter's Net in Englishman's Mag. 2 138 That conceit arrided us most..and still tickles our midriff to remember.
1841 W. Allston Monaldi xv. 195 He shall shake yet to his midriff for putting me on this cursed business.
1850 Ld. Tennyson Princess (ed. 3) i. 23 A sight to shake The midriff of despair with laughter.
1860 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) 30 June 11/2 The No Kamian midriff was all untickled by her promises of a good old time.
1875 Overland Monthly Dec. 538/2 They smiled at the very grimness of evil fortune until she fled, and, in doing this, they..tickled the midriff of the world.
1928 Evening Sun (Baltimore) 23 Apr. ii. 17/4 Let us not forget its high capacity to soothe and tickle the midriff.
2.
a. The front of the body between the chest and the waist. Also (occasionally): the part of an animal's body corresponding generally to the human midriff.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > trunk > [noun] > middle of trunk or waist
middleeOE
mideOE
girdlec1275
rondelc1300
girdlesteadc1330
waistc1386
belt steadc1540
girding-place1601
midriff1823
beltline1892
midsection1956
1823 New Monthly Mag. 8 502 [Devon dial.] To-day have I dealt thee a pong in the midriff.
1879 G. Meredith Egoist III. ix. 185 Come, Crossjay, you're not a fellow to be scared by ghosts? You looked it when you made a dash at my midriff.
1886 Cent. Mag. May 107/2 A marking peculiar to it [sc. the oriental fancy pigeon] is the ‘arrow point,’ the effect of a wedge-shaped mark of darker shade at the edge of the feather just at the midriff.
1889 M. J. Cawein Accolon of Gaul 60 She..Beheld the brute thing throttled and the face Of angry Urience over..Dug in his midriff, the close knees, updrawn, Wedged deep the glutton sides that quaked and strove, A shaggy bulk, whose sharp hoofs horny drove.
1916 T. W. H. Crosland War Poems 66 He just waits and waits and waits—Watchful Joffre! Then he pounces—un, deux—biff! Takes 'em right in the midriff.
1964 E. Huxley Back Street New Worlds ix. 95 Displaying a shapely but naked midriff.
1966 L. Halliday Fashion Makers ii. 41 A modern girl will cheerfully bare her midriff on the beach.
1972 E. Larsen Creative Dressmaker viii. 73 Cover the midriff with a piece of lace.
1987 R. Harris Summers of Wild Rose (1991) xix. 154 His unbuttoned shirt, open to the midriff, revealed a powerful throat and chest.
1996 H. Fielding Bridget Jones's Diary 210 Her friend..was wearing a sprayed-on dress that showed her pants and midriff.
b. The part of a woman's garment which covers the front of the body between the bosom and the waist, esp. if cut separately from the upper bodice.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > covering spec parts of body > other
breasta1486
thigh1533
leg1558
belly1600
instepc1615
knee1662
belly-piece1689
legging1738
wrist1803
bust1808
midriff1941
1941 Fashion Digest Fall 74 Playsuit with wide-midriff and full-pleated skirt.
1948 Harper's Bazaar Jan. 99 Inside the elasticized bodice is a lightly boned midriff, an uplift brassiere.
1964 McCall's Sewing in Colour 12/1 Wide sashes, contrasting belts, set-in midriffs will give a lift to the waistline.
1965 Guardian 7 May 10/1 Rayon linen jump-suit with turn-up trousers and Orlon fish-net midriff.
1973 E. Morgan Whittrick v. 22 It's quite a simple thing, Black satin, with rather a sheath skirt But slit at the side, as you see—..to let me walk. The nylon midriff Might be called new.
1995 Canad. Living June 86 Bold white stripes racing around the midriff add graphic punch to a sleek tank with a boycut leg.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a.
midriff exposure n.
ΚΠ
2000 Sunday Star Times (N.Z.) (Electronic ed.) 18 June Less breast, more midriff exposure than other pop princesses due to a wardrobe comprising only hipsters and tight tops.
midriff section n.
ΚΠ
1986 J. Bentham Doctor Who: Early Years 127 The prototype [of a Dalek] came first, built mostly from wood... The biggest change was the midriff section.
midriff vein n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1656 T. Blount Glossographia at Vein Diaphragmatick veins, the midriff veins.
b.
midriff-baring adj.
ΚΠ
1983 S. Rushdie Shame v. 87 A picture full of irreconcilable elements, midriffbaring immigrant saris versus demure, indigenous Sindhi shalwar-kurtas.
1997 Time Out 10 Sept. 66/3 (advt.) DJs Dom T, Neil Charles & Derek B drop House party anthems for glammy midriff-baring dancers on the main floor.
midriff-exposing adj.
ΚΠ
1989 Spin Oct. 65/2 70s glam flared hiphuggers and midriff-exposing mini-shirts.
midriff-shaken adj. poetic
ΚΠ
1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket iii. iii. 138 Many midriff-shaken even to tears.
C2. Designating a garment or style of clothing, as midriff mode, midriff shirt, midriff top, etc.
ΚΠ
1953 P. Binder Muffs & Morals i. 31 The midriff mode..came in just before the Second World War... It shocked nobody.
1974 Dance Mag. June 80/1 (advt.) At last a fashion-wise..line of garments that can be worn for dance, sports..or street wear... Leg Warmers..Midriff Top..Swing Skirt.
1992 Ebony May 94 (caption) Three-piece ensemble with leather midriff shirt sashed in front, leather jacket, and tiered ballerina skirt.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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