metonymyn.

Brit.

/mᵻˈtɒnəmi/, U.S.

/məˈtɑnəmi/

Forms:

α. 1500s–1600s metonimie, 1500s–1600s metonimy, 1500s–1600s metonymie, 1600s metanymy, 1600s 1800s metonomy, 1600s– metonymy, 1700s metonomie.

β. 1500s–1600s metonymia.

Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from Latin. Or (ii) a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin metōnymia; Greek μετωνυμία.

Etymology: < classical Latin metōnymia or its etymon Hellenistic Greek μετωνυμία, lit. ‘change of name’ < ancient Greek μετα- meta- prefix + -ωνυμία (see -onymy comb. form). Compare French métonymie (1521 in Middle French as methonomie), Italian metonimia (a1544), Spanish metonimia (c1580), Portuguese metonímia (16th cent. as metonomia).The form metonomian in quot. 1547 represents the Greek accusative μετωνυμίαν. The position of the stress appears to have been subject to some variation over history: although pronunciations with second-syllable stress are the most common (as, for example, in Johnson (1755)), a number of sources from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries show stress on the first syllable. Johnston (1764) does so, as does the first (1828) edition of Webster. By 1854, Webster indicates a variable pronunciation, but a preference for first-syllable stress; the 1886 edition also shows variability, but this time with preference for second-syllable stress, which becomes the only option listed in the 1900 edition.

(a) Rhetoric. (A figure of speech characterized by) the action of substituting for a word or phrase denoting an object, action, institution, etc., a word or phrase denoting a property or something associated with it, e.g. as when referring to the monarchy as ‘the crown’ or the theatre as ‘the stage’; an instance of this. (b) In extended use: a thing used or regarded as a substitute for or symbol of something else. Also (esp. in Linguistics and Literary Theory): the process of semantic association involved in producing and understanding a metonymy.Because the association involved in metonymy is typically by contiguity rather than similarity, metonymy is often contrasted with metaphor.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of meaning > [noun] > metonymy

metonymy1553

transmutation1553

transnomination1561

cross-naming1589

misnamer1589

metonym1622

1547 J. Hooper Answer Detection Deuyls Sophistrye D 1 b Men seyth that they admyt metonomian, and say under the forme of breade is the trew bodye of Christ.]

1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique iii. f. 93 When a woorde hath a proper signification of the owne, & beyng referred to an other thyng, hath an other meanyng, the Grecians cal it Metonymia.

1555 R. Sherry Treat. Figures Gram. & Rhetorike 23^v Metonymia, when in thynges that be syb together, one name is chaunged for an other.

1562 T. Cooper Answere Def. Truth f. 106^v, in Apol. Priuate Masse The figure is named Metonymia: when the name of the thynge is geuen vnto the signe.

1573 T. Cartwright Replye to Answere Whitgifte 14 The Apostle by a metonimie Subiecti pro adiuncto, dothe giue to vnderstand from whence y^e assured persuasion doth spring.

1635 A. Gil Sacred Philos. Holy Script. ii. xxiv. 157 Shebet signifies either a staffe, a truncheon, or Scepter,..and so by a metonymia it may signifie authority.

1656 J. Smith Myst. Rhetorique Unvail'd 15 A metonymie of the effect, is when the effect or thing caused, is put for its cause.

1668 H. More Schol. in Divine Dialogues 575 Here is a double Metonymie, Christ is put for the Doctrine of Christ, and Hope for the Cause of Hope.

1676 W. Hubbard Happiness of People 4 By times we are to understand things done in those times, by a metonimy of the adjunct.

1723 W. Meston Knight i. 24 For every sentence he would prop, With some Metonymie or Trope.

1798 Anti Jacobin 22 Jan. (1852) 47 Parr's buzz prose. [Note] This is an elegant metonymy... Buzz is an epithet usually applied to a large wig. It is here used for swelling, burly, bombastic writing.

1868 A. Bain Mental & Moral Sci. 403 By what is called ‘metonymy’, the fact intended to be expressed is denoted by one of the adjuncts.

1890 Catholic World Aug. 704 A charming book, full of delightful reading in lucid English, not a few strong periods, much of metonymy, little of metaphor.

1948 J. O. A. Tate On Limits of Poetry 172 I am raising the question whether the metonymy which attributes to the literal nightingale the asserted immortality of the song is convincing enough to carry the whole imaginative insight of the poem.

1956 R. Jakobson & M. Halle Fund. of Lang. ii. v. 76 The relation of similarity is suppressed in the former, the relation of contiguity in the latter type of aphasia. Metaphor is alien to the similarity disorder, and metonymy to the contiguity disorder.

1981 N.Y. Times 4 Oct. vii. 47/1 Can it [sc. ice-skating] be a metonymy for bonhomie, the Brueghel-like gathering at the pond?

2009 K.-U. Panther & L. L. Thornburg in K.-U. Panther et al. Metonymy & Metaphor in Gram. Introd. 24 The impact of metonymy on grammar has been demonstrated convincingly by a number of researchers.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	metonymy
释义	metonymyn. Brit. /mᵻˈtɒnəmi/, U.S. /məˈtɑnəmi/ Forms: α. 1500s–1600s metonimie, 1500s–1600s metonimy, 1500s–1600s metonymie, 1600s metanymy, 1600s 1800s metonomy, 1600s– metonymy, 1700s metonomie. β. 1500s–1600s metonymia. Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from Latin. Or (ii) a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin metōnymia; Greek μετωνυμία. Etymology: < classical Latin metōnymia or its etymon Hellenistic Greek μετωνυμία, lit. ‘change of name’ < ancient Greek μετα- meta- prefix + -ωνυμία (see -onymy comb. form). Compare French métonymie (1521 in Middle French as methonomie), Italian metonimia (a1544), Spanish metonimia (c1580), Portuguese metonímia (16th cent. as metonomia).The form metonomian in quot. 1547 represents the Greek accusative μετωνυμίαν. The position of the stress appears to have been subject to some variation over history: although pronunciations with second-syllable stress are the most common (as, for example, in Johnson (1755)), a number of sources from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries show stress on the first syllable. Johnston (1764) does so, as does the first (1828) edition of Webster. By 1854, Webster indicates a variable pronunciation, but a preference for first-syllable stress; the 1886 edition also shows variability, but this time with preference for second-syllable stress, which becomes the only option listed in the 1900 edition. (a) Rhetoric. (A figure of speech characterized by) the action of substituting for a word or phrase denoting an object, action, institution, etc., a word or phrase denoting a property or something associated with it, e.g. as when referring to the monarchy as ‘the crown’ or the theatre as ‘the stage’; an instance of this. (b) In extended use: a thing used or regarded as a substitute for or symbol of something else. Also (esp. in Linguistics and Literary Theory): the process of semantic association involved in producing and understanding a metonymy.Because the association involved in metonymy is typically by contiguity rather than similarity, metonymy is often contrasted with metaphor. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of meaning > [noun] > metonymy metonymy1553 transmutation1553 transnomination1561 cross-naming1589 misnamer1589 metonym1622 1547 J. Hooper Answer Detection Deuyls Sophistrye D 1 b Men seyth that they admyt metonomian, and say under the forme of breade is the trew bodye of Christ.] 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique iii. f. 93 When a woorde hath a proper signification of the owne, & beyng referred to an other thyng, hath an other meanyng, the Grecians cal it Metonymia. 1555 R. Sherry Treat. Figures Gram. & Rhetorike 23^v Metonymia, when in thynges that be syb together, one name is chaunged for an other. 1562 T. Cooper Answere Def. Truth f. 106^v, in Apol. Priuate Masse The figure is named Metonymia: when the name of the thynge is geuen vnto the signe. 1573 T. Cartwright Replye to Answere Whitgifte 14 The Apostle by a metonimie Subiecti pro adiuncto, dothe giue to vnderstand from whence y^e assured persuasion doth spring. 1635 A. Gil Sacred Philos. Holy Script. ii. xxiv. 157 Shebet signifies either a staffe, a truncheon, or Scepter,..and so by a metonymia it may signifie authority. 1656 J. Smith Myst. Rhetorique Unvail'd 15 A metonymie of the effect, is when the effect or thing caused, is put for its cause. 1668 H. More Schol. in Divine Dialogues 575 Here is a double Metonymie, Christ is put for the Doctrine of Christ, and Hope for the Cause of Hope. 1676 W. Hubbard Happiness of People 4 By times we are to understand things done in those times, by a metonimy of the adjunct. 1723 W. Meston Knight i. 24 For every sentence he would prop, With some Metonymie or Trope. 1798 Anti Jacobin 22 Jan. (1852) 47 Parr's buzz prose. [Note] This is an elegant metonymy... Buzz is an epithet usually applied to a large wig. It is here used for swelling, burly, bombastic writing. 1868 A. Bain Mental & Moral Sci. 403 By what is called ‘metonymy’, the fact intended to be expressed is denoted by one of the adjuncts. 1890 Catholic World Aug. 704 A charming book, full of delightful reading in lucid English, not a few strong periods, much of metonymy, little of metaphor. 1948 J. O. A. Tate On Limits of Poetry 172 I am raising the question whether the metonymy which attributes to the literal nightingale the asserted immortality of the song is convincing enough to carry the whole imaginative insight of the poem. 1956 R. Jakobson & M. Halle Fund. of Lang. ii. v. 76 The relation of similarity is suppressed in the former, the relation of contiguity in the latter type of aphasia. Metaphor is alien to the similarity disorder, and metonymy to the contiguity disorder. 1981 N.Y. Times 4 Oct. vii. 47/1 Can it [sc. ice-skating] be a metonymy for bonhomie, the Brueghel-like gathering at the pond? 2009 K.-U. Panther & L. L. Thornburg in K.-U. Panther et al. Metonymy & Metaphor in Gram. Introd. 24 The impact of metonymy on grammar has been demonstrated convincingly by a number of researchers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1553
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