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单词 methylated
释义

methylatedadj.n.

Brit. /ˈmɛθᵻleɪtᵻd/, U.S. /ˈmɛθəˌleɪdᵻd/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: methylate v., -ed suffix1.
Etymology: < methylate v. + -ed suffix1.
A. adj.
1. methylated spirits n. (also methylated spirit) ethanol that has been made unfit for drinking (and exempt from excise duty) by the addition of about ten per cent methanol (usually also with some pyridine and a violet dye), used as a chemical reagent, solvent, fuel, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > alcohols > [noun] > alcohol compounds or mixtures > methylated spirit
methylated spirits1855
finish1875
industrial alcohol1880
methylated1912
meth1933
metho1933
meths1935
1855 Coll. Public Statutes 18th & 19th Vict. Cap. 38. 322 The said Mixture of Spirit of Wine with Wood Naphtha or Methylic Alcohol shall be denominated Methylated Spirit.
1856 (title) Reports on the successful application of methylated spirit..to various purposes in the arts, manufactures, and scientific research. (Board of Inland Revenue.)
c1865 J. Wylde Circle of Sci. I. 63/2 Each lens should..be..washed..with spirits of wine (not methylated spirits, because these contain a resin in solution).
1888 Dumfries Standard 22 Feb. 3 The traffic in methylated spirit or ‘finish’ as it is popularly called.
1920 Act 10 & 11 George V c. 18 §11 In this section the expression ‘power methylated spirits’ means any methylated spirits (other than mineralised methylated spirits) which are intended to be used in generating mechanical power.
1944 M. Laski Love on Supertax i. 11 Have you ever tried..to light a primus stove?.. The methylated spirits flare up.
1984 J. Frame Angel at my Table (1987) xi. 77 I rubbed methylated spirits on their bedsores, and powdered their bodies.
1992 M. Margetts Classic Crafts 173/2 The other materials required are methylated spirit, several fine nylon brushes,..and some soft cloths.
2. Chemistry. Of a compound or group: having undergone methylation; containing an added methyl group.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > chemical processes or reactions > [adjective] > methylation
methylated1857
1857 Proc. Royal Soc. 1856–7 8 491 The crystalline compound produced in this manner is the iodide of a methylated base.
1861 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 13 324 These crystals were not analysed, but there can be no doubt that they were the methylated phosphorus-urea of the allyl-series.
1880 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 444 This inference, was that the methylated derivatives of roseine could be obtained by the oxidation of the methylated derivatives of aniline.
1956 I. L. Finar Org. Chem. II. xvi. 613 Three important methylated xanthines that occur naturally are caffeine, theobromine and theophylline.
1992 N.Y. Times Mag. 12 Jan. 20/2 As vegetation decomposes, bacteria transform mercury..into a toxic methylated form that is absorbed by fish, which then become dangerous to eat.
1999 Sci. Amer. July 39/2 The CG units in bacterial plasmids tend to have no methyl group attached, whereas those in vertebrates generally are methylated.
B. n.
= methylated spirits n. at sense A. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > alcohols > [noun] > alcohol compounds or mixtures > methylated spirit
methylated spirits1855
finish1875
industrial alcohol1880
methylated1912
meth1933
metho1933
meths1935
1912 D. H. Lawrence Let. 2 Sept. (1962) I. 142 We take rucksacks..with food and methylated, cook our meals by some stream.
1938 M. B. Lowndes Let. 29 Sept. (1971) 165 I also got..rather more methylated, rice and matches than usual.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1855
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