metathesisn.

Brit.

/mᵻˈtaθᵻsɪs/, U.S.

/məˈtæθəsəs/

Inflections: Plural metatheses Brit.

/mᵻˈtaθᵻsiːz/, U.S.

/məˈtæθəsiz/.

Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from Latin. Or (ii) a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin metathesis; Greek μετάθεσις.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin metathesis (3rd cent. in sense 1a; 13th cent. in a British source in sense 2a) or its etymon ancient Greek μετάθεσις transposition (in Hellenistic Greek in sense 1a) < μετα- meta- prefix + θέσις thesis n., after μετατιθέναι to transpose, change. Compare Middle French, French métathèse (1587 in sense 1a, 1747 in sense 2b).

a. The transposition of sounds or letters in a word, or (occasionally) of whole words or syllables; the result of such a transposition. Formerly also: †substitution of one sound or letter for another (obsolete rare). Now chiefly Linguistics.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of structure or thought > [noun] > inversion > transposition of words

metathesis1608

metaplasm1617

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > metathesis

metathesis1660

quantitative metathesis1891

1577 H. Peacham Garden of Eloquence sig. Eiij^v Metathesis, when letters be transposed in a word,..as remembre, for remember.

1608 S. Hieron 2nd Pt. Def. Ministers Reasons 114 By a metathesis or transposition [he] hath misplaced some of their words.

1660 Bp. J. Taylor Ductor Dubitantium II. iv. i. 478 Tahur, which is the Metathesis of Hurta, a thief.

1752 H. Fielding Covent-Garden Jrnl. 26 Mar. 2/1 The first Syllable then is Bob, change o into a, which is only a Metathesis of one Vowel for another, and you have Bab.

1796 S. Pegge Anonymiana (1809) 347 It is necessary sometimes to attend to the metathesis, or transposition of letters. I make no doubt but Sir John Falstaff is formed from Sir John Fastolph.

1862 G. Rawlinson Five Great Monarchies: Chaldæa I. viii. 196 The Assyrian Nipur, which is Nipru, with a mere metathesis of the two final letters.

1891 D. B. Monro Gram. Homeric Dial. (ed. 2) 15 Metathesis. This term has been employed to explain a number of forms in which a short vowel is lost before a liquid, and the corresponding long vowel follows the two consonants thus brought together.

1918 Mod. Lang. Notes 33 277 Escruïe appears to be by metathesis for the normal escûrie.

1959 A. Campbell Old Eng. Gram. 184 By full metathesis a consonant moves from immediately before a vowel to immediately after it, or the reverse.

1991 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 36 105 The notion of metathesis is used to account for such facts as the location of prefix tone in Sarcee, and the location of an additional *s reflex component of the prefix in northwest Canadian Athapaskan languages.

b. spec. in Classical Prosody. quantitative metathesis n. (also metathesis of quantity) transposition of the lengths of two consecutive vowels, as long-short to short-long (see also quot. 1973).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > metathesis

metathesis1660

quantitative metathesis1891

1891 D. B. Monro Gram. Homeric Dial. (ed. 2) 51 G. Curtius..made the counter-supposition that..the successive steps might be ὁράοντες, ὁρώοντες and (by metathesis of quantity) ὁρόωντες.

1901 H. Oertel Lect. Study Lang. 227 What goes under the name of ‘quantitative metathesis’ in Greek hardly belongs here. The ‘metathesis’ is confined to adjacent vowels.

1933 C. D. Buck Compar. Gram. Greek & Latin 93 Long vowels are shortened before other vowels in various dialects... When the second vowel is short it may be lengthened, resulting in what is known as ‘quantitative metathesis’.

1973 A. H. Sommerstein Sound Pattern Anc. Greek 70 Another non-occurring vowel sequence is [ẹ̄ọ̄]. Quantitative Metathesis can be extended without difficulty to modify this sequence by shortening the first vowel.

2. Medicine.

a. = metastasis n. 2a; (also) an instance of this. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > [noun] > metastasis

translation?1541

metathesis1646

metastasis1663

seeding1882

1646 D. Evance Justa Honoraria 9 Let Galen call it a Metathesis When sickness runs into a Transmutation.

1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Metathesis... In Physick it is when a Disease goes from one part to another.

1926 H. L. Mencken Let. 7 Jan. in H. L. Mencken & S. Haardt Mencken & Sara (1987) 239 She has metathesis to the spine, and is coming home to die, helpless and in fearful pain.

†b. The movement of diseased matter to a part of the body where it will be less injurious. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1745 R. James Medicinal Dict. II Metathesis, a transposition, or change of place, us'd with respect to morbific Causes, which, when they cannot be evacuated, are remov'd to places where they are less injurious. Thus a Metathesis of a cataract is a depression thereof, so that it may no longer intercept the rays of light.

1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Metathesis,..2. In medicine, a change or removal of a morbid cause, without expulsion. Coxe. Encyc.

3. gen. Change or reversal of condition. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > change of direction, reversion > [noun]

gain-turning1340

reversion1547

regression1583

unmaking1587

retrogradation1638

repedation1646

metathesis1653

recommencement1655

antecedency1656

remutation1692

reconversion1759

relapsing1772

recurrence1789

revertal1824

switcheroo1933

1653 Weekly Intelligencer 20 Dec. 102 The Lowlanders do make great complaint of it, as they have reason so to do, seeing by a wild and sad metathesis their Cattel, and all their movables (the pulses of their hearts only excepted) to be translated into the Highlands.

1705 T. Greenhill Νεκροκηδεια 105 What a Metathesis is this! that he who perhaps was born of Royal Blood..shall now cry out with Job 17. 14, To Corruption, thou art my Father.

1873 H. Rogers Superhuman Origin Bible (1878) v. 153 (note) The slow processes, the abrupt transitions, the sudden metatheses, which history so often reveals.

4. Chemistry. The interchange of an atom or group of atoms between two different molecules; esp. double decomposition.

ΚΠ

1873 J. P. Cooke New Chem. (1874) xi. 245 Metathesis consists in the interchange of atoms or groups of atoms between two molecules, and implies that the structure of these molecules is not otherwise altered.

1887 I. Remsen Elem. Chem. 11 Double decomposition or metathesis... In double decomposition two or more substances act upon one another and give rise to the formation of two or more new ones.

1903 H. C. Jones Princ. Inorg. Chem. xxvii. 323 Sulphates can also be formed by double decomposition or metathesis.

1974 Chem. in Brit. (Royal Soc. Chem.) 10 57/2 The Phillips metathesis..is a reaction in which you use heavy-metal catalysts like molybdenum and tungsten.

1992 Chem. in Brit. (BNC) 28 149 The ionic nature of the 1,3 and 1,2-dithiadiazolium salts is clearly shown in their addition and metathesis reactions.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	metathesis
释义	metathesisn. Brit. /mᵻˈtaθᵻsɪs/, U.S. /məˈtæθəsəs/ Inflections: Plural metatheses Brit. /mᵻˈtaθᵻsiːz/, U.S. /məˈtæθəsiz/. Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from Latin. Or (ii) a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin metathesis; Greek μετάθεσις. Etymology: < post-classical Latin metathesis (3rd cent. in sense 1a; 13th cent. in a British source in sense 2a) or its etymon ancient Greek μετάθεσις transposition (in Hellenistic Greek in sense 1a) < μετα- meta- prefix + θέσις thesis n., after μετατιθέναι to transpose, change. Compare Middle French, French métathèse (1587 in sense 1a, 1747 in sense 2b). 1. a. The transposition of sounds or letters in a word, or (occasionally) of whole words or syllables; the result of such a transposition. Formerly also: †substitution of one sound or letter for another (obsolete rare). Now chiefly Linguistics. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of structure or thought > [noun] > inversion > transposition of words metathesis1608 metaplasm1617 the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > metathesis metathesis1660 quantitative metathesis1891 1577 H. Peacham Garden of Eloquence sig. Eiij^v Metathesis, when letters be transposed in a word,..as remembre, for remember. 1608 S. Hieron 2nd Pt. Def. Ministers Reasons 114 By a metathesis or transposition [he] hath misplaced some of their words. 1660 Bp. J. Taylor Ductor Dubitantium II. iv. i. 478 Tahur, which is the Metathesis of Hurta, a thief. 1752 H. Fielding Covent-Garden Jrnl. 26 Mar. 2/1 The first Syllable then is Bob, change o into a, which is only a Metathesis of one Vowel for another, and you have Bab. 1796 S. Pegge Anonymiana (1809) 347 It is necessary sometimes to attend to the metathesis, or transposition of letters. I make no doubt but Sir John Falstaff is formed from Sir John Fastolph. 1862 G. Rawlinson Five Great Monarchies: Chaldæa I. viii. 196 The Assyrian Nipur, which is Nipru, with a mere metathesis of the two final letters. 1891 D. B. Monro Gram. Homeric Dial. (ed. 2) 15 Metathesis. This term has been employed to explain a number of forms in which a short vowel is lost before a liquid, and the corresponding long vowel follows the two consonants thus brought together. 1918 Mod. Lang. Notes 33 277 Escruïe appears to be by metathesis for the normal escûrie. 1959 A. Campbell Old Eng. Gram. 184 By full metathesis a consonant moves from immediately before a vowel to immediately after it, or the reverse. 1991 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 36 105 The notion of metathesis is used to account for such facts as the location of prefix tone in Sarcee, and the location of an additional s reflex component of the prefix in northwest Canadian Athapaskan languages. b. spec.* in Classical Prosody. quantitative metathesis n. (also metathesis of quantity) transposition of the lengths of two consecutive vowels, as long-short to short-long (see also quot. 1973). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > metathesis metathesis1660 quantitative metathesis1891 1891 D. B. Monro Gram. Homeric Dial. (ed. 2) 51 G. Curtius..made the counter-supposition that..the successive steps might be ὁράοντες, ὁρώοντες and (by metathesis of quantity) ὁρόωντες. 1901 H. Oertel Lect. Study Lang. 227 What goes under the name of ‘quantitative metathesis’ in Greek hardly belongs here. The ‘metathesis’ is confined to adjacent vowels. 1933 C. D. Buck Compar. Gram. Greek & Latin 93 Long vowels are shortened before other vowels in various dialects... When the second vowel is short it may be lengthened, resulting in what is known as ‘quantitative metathesis’. 1973 A. H. Sommerstein Sound Pattern Anc. Greek 70 Another non-occurring vowel sequence is [ẹ̄ọ̄]. Quantitative Metathesis can be extended without difficulty to modify this sequence by shortening the first vowel. 2. Medicine. a. = metastasis n. 2a; (also) an instance of this. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > [noun] > metastasis translation?1541 metathesis1646 metastasis1663 seeding1882 1646 D. Evance Justa Honoraria 9 Let Galen call it a Metathesis When sickness runs into a Transmutation. 1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Metathesis... In Physick it is when a Disease goes from one part to another. 1926 H. L. Mencken Let. 7 Jan. in H. L. Mencken & S. Haardt Mencken & Sara (1987) 239 She has metathesis to the spine, and is coming home to die, helpless and in fearful pain. †b. The movement of diseased matter to a part of the body where it will be less injurious. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1745 R. James Medicinal Dict. II Metathesis, a transposition, or change of place, us'd with respect to morbific Causes, which, when they cannot be evacuated, are remov'd to places where they are less injurious. Thus a Metathesis of a cataract is a depression thereof, so that it may no longer intercept the rays of light. 1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Metathesis,..2. In medicine, a change or removal of a morbid cause, without expulsion. Coxe. Encyc. 3. gen. Change or reversal of condition. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > change of direction, reversion > [noun] gain-turning1340 reversion1547 regression1583 unmaking1587 retrogradation1638 repedation1646 metathesis1653 recommencement1655 antecedency1656 remutation1692 reconversion1759 relapsing1772 recurrence1789 revertal1824 switcheroo1933 1653 Weekly Intelligencer 20 Dec. 102 The Lowlanders do make great complaint of it, as they have reason so to do, seeing by a wild and sad metathesis their Cattel, and all their movables (the pulses of their hearts only excepted) to be translated into the Highlands. 1705 T. Greenhill Νεκροκηδεια 105 What a Metathesis is this! that he who perhaps was born of Royal Blood..shall now cry out with Job 17. 14, To Corruption, thou art my Father. 1873 H. Rogers Superhuman Origin Bible (1878) v. 153 (note) The slow processes, the abrupt transitions, the sudden metatheses, which history so often reveals. 4. Chemistry. The interchange of an atom or group of atoms between two different molecules; esp. double decomposition. ΚΠ 1873 J. P. Cooke New Chem. (1874) xi. 245 Metathesis consists in the interchange of atoms or groups of atoms between two molecules, and implies that the structure of these molecules is not otherwise altered. 1887 I. Remsen Elem. Chem. 11 Double decomposition or metathesis... In double decomposition two or more substances act upon one another and give rise to the formation of two or more new ones. 1903 H. C. Jones Princ. Inorg. Chem. xxvii. 323 Sulphates can also be formed by double decomposition or metathesis. 1974 Chem. in Brit. (Royal Soc. Chem.) 10 57/2 The Phillips metathesis..is a reaction in which you use heavy-metal catalysts like molybdenum and tungsten. 1992 Chem. in Brit. (BNC) 28 149 The ionic nature of the 1,3 and 1,2-dithiadiazolium salts is clearly shown in their addition and metathesis reactions. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1577
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