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单词 mesta
释义

Mestan.

Brit. /ˈmɛstə/, U.S. /ˈmɛstə/
Forms: also with lower-case initial.
Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish Mesta.
Etymology: < Spanish Mesta (14th or 15th cent. in this sense, earlier in senses ‘group of animals owned communally or by several owners’ (13th cent.; compare mustang n.) and ‘a confluence of streams’ (8th cent.)) < post-classical Latin mixta (short for animalia mixta mixed animals), spec. use of neuter plural of classical Latin mixtus mixed adj.2
Now historical.
In Spain and some Spanish colonies: the guild of owners of transhumant livestock, esp. merino sheep, founded in 1273 by Alfonso X to enforce the payment of certain taxes, and having great political power.The society enjoyed royal protection until after the reign of Philip IV (1621–65), but declined after 1758, when the taxes it collected were abolished. It ceased to exist in 1836.
ΚΠ
1809 W. Bradford Sketches Portugal & Spain I. 33 The Mesta (a chartered society of great flock owners).
1825 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Agric. I. i. iv. 117 By far the greater part of Spanish sheep are migratory, and belong to what is called the mesta or Merino corporation... The term mesta..in general signifies a mixture of grain; but in a restricted sense an union of flocks.
1920 J. Klein Mesta ii. 19 The Mesta's Castilian codes and charters could not be enforced in the neighbouring kingdom.
1964 Jrnl. Mod. Hist. 36 193/1 The final chapters evaluate..the Mesta's role in the development of the hacienda system, and the institution's impact upon national Mexico and the American Southwest.
1989 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 37/1 The government upheld the Mesta privileges, since the Mesta paid generously for them... The power of the Mesta and the harm it did increased in the 16th century, for the Catholic Kings supported its privileges.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1809
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