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单词 mesquite
释义

mesquiten.

Brit. /mɛˈskiːt/, U.S. /məˈskit/
Forms: 1700s– mesquite, 1800s masketo, 1800s mesquet, 1800s mesquito, 1800s mezkeet, 1800s mezquito, 1800s moscheto, 1800s mosquite, 1800s muskeete, 1800s muskete, 1800s musqueet, 1800s musquet, 1800s musqueto, 1800s musquite, 1800s musquito, 1800s– mesket, 1800s– mesketis (in compounds), 1800s– meskit, 1800s– mesquit, 1800s– mezquit, 1800s– mezquite, 1800s– mosqueit, 1800s– muskeet, 1800s– muskit, 1800s– musquit, 1900s– meskeet, 1900s– mesquiet, 1900s– mosquito.
Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish mezquite.
Etymology: < Mexican Spanish mezquite (1591; 1577 as mizquite ) < Nahuatl mizquitl mizquitl n.It is uncertain whether the form in quot. 1572 at sense 1a, which is earlier than the first attestation in Spanish and considerably earlier than those in English, represents the same word. The unusual form mesketis (only attested in the compound form mesketis-bush : see quot. 1887 for mesquite bush n. at Compounds 1a) is perhaps intended as a plural. N.E.D. (1906) also gives an alternative pronunciation, with the stress on the first syllable (me·skīt) /ˈmɛskiːt/.
1.
a. Any of various thorny, pinnate-leaved, thicket-forming trees and shrubs of the genus Prosopis (family Mimosaceae ( Leguminosae)), characteristic of arid regions of Mexico and the south-western United States (also mesquite tree); esp. P. glandulosa (more fully honey mesquite) and P. pubescens (more fully screw-pod mesquite). Also: the wood of any of these trees. Cf. mizquitl n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > [noun] > prosopis or mesquite
cod tree1704
algarroba1717
mizquitl1753
mesquite1759
Prosopis1776
screw-bean1851
screw mesquite1853
tornillo1866
kiawe1915
tamarugo1972
1572 H. Hawkes in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) 547 Another tree which they call a Miskito: it beareth a fruite like vnto a peasecod marueilous sweete, which the wilde people gather and keepe it all the yeere, and eate it in steede of bread.]
1759 tr. M. Venegas Nat. & Civil Hist. Calif. I. 100 Their most usual device was to hold up in their hands some little tablets of wood made with great labour, for want of iron tools of mesquite.
1806 M. Lewis in Deb. Congr. U.S. (1852) 9th Congress 2 Sess., App. 1083 A bean that grows in great plenty on a small tree resembling a willow called masketo.
1838 ‘Texian’ Mexico v. Texas 70 Even where a tree appears it is sure to be a mesquite (Mimosa nilotica).
1851 M. Reid Scalp Hunters I. i. 11 Here and there, are trees of acacia and mezquite—the denizens of the desert land.
1872 M. S. De Vere Americanisms 121 The Mesquite or Muskeet (Algarobia glandulosa), a bastard-locust.
1884 C. S. Sargent Rep. Forests N. Amer. 62 Prosopis pubescens... Screw-bean. Screw-Pod Mesquit.
1909 ‘O. Henry’ Roads of Destiny viii. 130 Near the store, scattered among the mesquits and elms, stood the saddled horses of the customers.
1953 V. Nabokov Let. 2 May in Sel. Lett. (1989) 136 The nearer mountains are maroon, spotted with the dark green of junipers and the lighter green of mesquites.
1986 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch 28 May 1 d/2 It's grilled over mesquite, which gives food a delicious flavor.
1992 T. McMillan Waiting to Exhale (1993) 77 She..found herself staring at the desert flowers and vegetation in her front yard:..organ pipes, purple and pink verbena..and mesquite trees.
b. Country dominated by mesquite trees; a thicket of mesquite trees.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > wild or uncultivated land > [noun]
westerneOE
weste landOE
wastinea1175
westec1175
wastec1200
wildernc1200
wildernessc1200
wildernessc1230
warlottc1290
forestc1320
wastyc1325
deserta1398
wastern?a1400
wildnessa1513
the wilds of1600
vastness1605
vastacy1607
roughet1616
wild1637
wildland1686
bush1780
wastage1823
mesquite1834
wasteland1887
mulga1896
virgin bush1905
boondock1944
boonies1954
virgin land1955
the world > the earth > land > landscape > wild or uncultivated land > [noun] > barren land or desert
desert?c1225
bare1683
slate-land1733
barren1784
mesquite1834
badlands1850
hardscrabble1859
pindan1888
in (also up) the blue1963
wasteland1966
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > [noun] > prosopis or mesquite > thicket of
mesquite1910
1834 A. Pike Prose Sketches & Poems 63 We emerged from the broken hills into the mesquito.
1910 W. M. Raine Bucky O'Connor 224 The Irishman..kept his party in the mesquit till the headlight of an approaching train was visible.
1945 New Yorker 25 Aug. 26 A railroad bull came walking along the tops of the cars and kicked me into the mesquite.
1985 J. A. Michener Texas ii. 72 They started across flat grassland and mesquite.
2. In full mesquite grass. Any of various pasture grasses, esp. of the genus Bouteloua, which grow in association with mesquite trees.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > non-British grasses > [noun] > North American
salt grass1704
wiregrass1751
Indian grass1765
buffalo grass1784
blue-eyed grass1785
mountain rice1790
nimble Will1816
yard-grass1822
mesquite1831
poverty-grass1832
tickle-moth1833
bunch-grass1837
naked-beard grass1848
needle grass1848
Means grass1858
toothache-grass1860
Johnson grass1873
Indian rice grass1893
nigger babies1897
St. Augustine grass1905
pinyon ricegrass1935
1831 M. Holley Texas (1833) vi. 69 The pasturage here..called Muskit grass, (pronounced Muskeet) bears a strong resemblance to the blue grass.
1847 Western Texas 7 In grasses the glory of the State is the musquit, found only in Western Texas.
1852 W. B. Dewees & ‘C. Cardelle’ Lett. from Early Settler Texas 35 The musquit grass grows very thick and about three feet high, and looks very much like a blue grass pasture.
1857 F. L. Olmsted Journey through Texas 135 A great change occurred here in the prairie grass—we had reached the mesquit grass.
1904 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 649/2 A shimmering prairie of mesquite.
1956 H. St. John Flora S.E. Washington 46 Holcus lanatus... Velvet grass or mesquite.
1995 Austin (Texas) Amer.-Statesman (Nexis) 28 May a1 His boots planted amidst prickly pear and gray mesquite grass..DeVere looked out across a vast Zane Grey landscape.

Compounds

C1.
a. General attributive (chiefly in sense 1).
mesquite brush n.
ΚΠ
1806 M. Lewis in Deb. Congr. U.S. (1852) 9th Congress 2 Sess., App. 1103 Some small cultivated fields, fenced round with small cedar and moscheto brush.
1931 N.Y. Times 5 Nov. 27/7 I am going to try and get out here in the mesquite brush about eighty miles, at Uvalde, Texas, and see an old prairie dog, Jack Garner.
1962 E. B. Atwood Regional Vocab. Texas 41 Mesquite thicket..is used along with a few other terms such as mesquite flat(s)..and brush (land or country)..,the latter of which is confined to Southwest and West Texas.
1995 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 19 Mar. v. 8/1 They were there..to combat the unending encroachment of thorny mesquite brush onto farm and grazing land.
mesquite bush n.
ΚΠ
1821 S. F. Austin Jrnl. in Texas State Hist. Assoc. Q. (1904) 7 296 No timber, muskete bushes & grass.
1887 F. Francis Saddle & Mocassin 73 Wave after wave of rolling country sparsely covered with mesketis-bush.
1941 M. Whipple Giant Joshua 24 Supper fires were being lighted with dry cottonwood limbs or..mesquite bush.
1991 Atlantic Nov. 140/2 They were mesquite bushes, regularly spaced across the upwind slope of a long, powdery dune.
mesquite flour n.
ΚΠ
1854 J. R. Bartlett Personal Narr. Explor. & Incidents II. 217 The mezquit flour, which is ground very fine, has a sickish sweetness.
1995 Arizona Republic (Nexis) 20 Sept. fd 4 As Barta notes, mesquite flour is a natural sweetener, with a flavor similar to peanut butter.
1998 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 8 Nov. v. 11/1 A snack made entirely of ingredients ancient people would have used—mesquite flour, corn meal, honey, prickly pear fruit—though we doubted they would combine them as she had.
mesquite grove n.
ΚΠ
1852 R. B. Marcy Jrnl. in R. B. Marcy & G. B. McClellan Explor. Red River (1853) 66 We..passed through mezquite groves.
1889 Overland Monthly July 7/1 The young and the old..wander into the mesquite groves, where they fill huge baskets with the beans.
1998 Whole Earth (Nexis) 22 Sept. 76 Burns passed a place where mesquite groves had once covered the landscape. ‘All those trees were cut down to make charcoal, and at nearly no benefit to the local people.’
mesquite leaf n.
ΚΠ
1859 R. B. Marcy Prairie Traveler 291 There is but little grass here, but in the season the mesquite leaves are a good substitute.
1999 Fort Worth (Texas) Star-Telegr. (Nexis) 22 May 1 Not many animals eat mesquite leaves, but the beans are a different matter.
mesquite pasture n.
ΚΠ
1854 De Bow's Rev. May 474 The fine muskeet pastures..are scarcely less inferior for this purpose..to the Cibolo.
1905 A. Adams Outlet 16 The horses had run idle during the winter in a large mesquit pasture.
1997 Fort Worth (Texas) Star-Telegr. (Nexis) 27 Aug. 3 Hunters who haveaccess to areas with lots of mesquite pastures rather than fields may have to hunt the wooded areas to keep the birds moving.
mesquite pod n.
ΚΠ
1863 J. Greenwood Curiosities Savage Life 340 It is she who does nearly all the work..gathers the ‘mezquite’ pods, [etc.].
1990 Sci. News 2 June 350/2 Nabhan and his colleagues selected six starchy foods traditionally eaten by the Pimas: mesquite pods, acorns, [etc.].
mesquite tree n.
ΚΠ
1831 J. O. Pattie Personal Narr. Exped. from St. Louis 59 We found the river skirted with very wide bottoms, thick set with the musquito trees.
1894 Overland Monthly Nov. 548/2 The little scissor-tails..flitted about in the mesquit trees.
1991 S. Cisneros Woman Hollering Creek 18 There's also a gold crucifix bent crooked as a mesquite tree when someone once threw a bomb.
mesquite wood n.
ΚΠ
1816 W. Darby Geogr. Descr. Louisiana 210 There are two very distinct species of the robinia; one a tree of considerable size, the other a shrub, the latter is known by the name of musquito wood.
1846 J. A. Quitman Diary 13 Aug. in J. F. H. Claiborne Life & Corr. J. A. Quitman (1860) I. 239 The steamer purchases muskeet-wood at $2.50 per cord for dry, $2.25 green.
1903 N.Y. Herald 8 Mar. (Lit. section) 13/1 The bed of the carreta is made of open cross sections of mesquite wood.
1988 M. Stewart Quick Cook Menus ii. 80/2 Cook the fish over hot coals, to which mesquite wood chips or mesquite charcoal has been added for extra flavor.
b.
mesquite bean n. the pod of the mesquite tree used as food or fodder for animals.
ΚΠ
1846 J. S. Griffin Diary 26 Nov. in Calif. Hist. Soc. (1942) 21 217 My riding mule was the most refractory of all. I however succeeded at last in making him drink, by covering the water with the musquite bean.
1929 J. F. Dobie Vaquero of Brush Country 3 There the curly mesquite grass..and mesquite beans keep horses fat the year round.
1992 Nat. Hist. Feb. 4/2 Crops failed about one year in every five, forcing the Pimas then to subsist entirely on wild foods, especially jack rabbits and mesquite beans.
C2. Forming parasynthetic adjectives relating to the process of cooking food with or over mesquite wood or charcoal to impart a hot smoky flavour, as mesquite-grilled, mesquite-spitted, etc.
ΚΠ
1958 ‘W. Henry’ Seven Men at Mimbres Springs xv. 174 Across the morning fires, mesquite-spitted slabs of mule-meat were roasting in great abundance.
1979 Tucson (Arizona) Mag. Feb. 103/2 You'll like the steak and beans. They are mesquite broiled and in plentiful proportions.
1994 Hispanic July 47/3 If you prefer your food with a twist, the Southwestern menu tempts visitors with dishes like mesquite-grilled fish Navaho with a chardonnay cream sauce.
1996 Argonaut 27 June 33 A mesquite grilled chicken Caesar salad, gourmet pizzas and a smoked duck breast salad are some of the selections available for lunch.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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