mesolaben.

Brit.

/ˈmɛsə(ʊ)leɪb/, U.S.

/ˈmɛzəˌleɪb/; see also meso- comb. form.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French mesolabe.

Etymology: < Middle French mesolabe (1559 in the passage translated in quot. 1579) < classical Latin mesolabus (Vitruvius) or its etymon Hellenistic Greek μεσολάβος < μεσο- meso- comb. form + -λάβος -labe comb. form.

Now historical.

An instrument used for finding lines that are mean proportionals.Several different instruments went by this name. The mesolabe of Eratosthenes was used to solve the problem of duplicating the cube, and consisted of three equal adjacent squares, with diagonals marked, which could be slid over one another on a common base. The squares were positioned so that the straight line joining the top left-hand corner of the first square to the midpoint of the right-hand side of the third square also passed through the points at which the diagonals of the second and third squares emerged from their covering squares. The vertical distances from these points to the base had two properties: (a) they were mean proportionals between the length of the sides of the squares and half this length; (b) they were the sides of two cubes, one of which had double the volume of the other.A simpler mesolabe found a single mean proportional between two lengths defined by dividing a straight line AB into two sections by a point C. This instrument consisted of a pair of straight edges fixed at right angles. It was positioned over AB so that it touched both ends of the line, and so that the perpendicular line drawn from C touched the corner of the instrument. The length of the perpendicular was the mean proportional between AC and CB.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical instruments > [noun] > arithmetical instrument

mesograph1579

mesolabe1579

quipu1581

rods1618

Napier's bones1647

Napier's rods1678

reckoner1757

counter1803

adding machine1822

operameter1830

virgulaa1831

adder1856

computer1869

arithmometer1876

perforation gauge1882

Cuisenaire rod1954

number line1964

number cruncher1966

cruncher1971

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 338 Certeine instruments, called Mesolabes or Mesographes, which serue to finde these meane lines proportionall.

1675 J. Collins Let. 30 Sept. in S. P. Rigaud & S. J. Rigaud Corr. Sci. Men 17th Cent. (1841) (modernized text) I. 219 The spiral line, with M. Tschirnhaus's angular instrument, makes the mesolabe.

1789 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music III. 164 The Mesolabe..is said to have been invented either by Archytas of Tarentum, or Erastohenes [sic], for the purpose of halving an interval.

1976 Sci. Amer. Aug. 9/2 I did not mention instruments limited to special purposes, such as those for drawing mechanical curves, the mesolabe and the astrolabe.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mesolabe
释义	mesolaben. Brit. /ˈmɛsə(ʊ)leɪb/, U.S. /ˈmɛzəˌleɪb/; see also meso- comb. form. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French mesolabe. Etymology: < Middle French mesolabe (1559 in the passage translated in quot. 1579) < classical Latin mesolabus (Vitruvius) or its etymon Hellenistic Greek μεσολάβος < μεσο- meso- comb. form + -λάβος -labe comb. form. Now historical. An instrument used for finding lines that are mean proportionals.Several different instruments went by this name. The mesolabe of Eratosthenes was used to solve the problem of duplicating the cube, and consisted of three equal adjacent squares, with diagonals marked, which could be slid over one another on a common base. The squares were positioned so that the straight line joining the top left-hand corner of the first square to the midpoint of the right-hand side of the third square also passed through the points at which the diagonals of the second and third squares emerged from their covering squares. The vertical distances from these points to the base had two properties: (a) they were mean proportionals between the length of the sides of the squares and half this length; (b) they were the sides of two cubes, one of which had double the volume of the other.A simpler mesolabe found a single mean proportional between two lengths defined by dividing a straight line AB into two sections by a point C. This instrument consisted of a pair of straight edges fixed at right angles. It was positioned over AB so that it touched both ends of the line, and so that the perpendicular line drawn from C touched the corner of the instrument. The length of the perpendicular was the mean proportional between AC and CB. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical instruments > [noun] > arithmetical instrument mesograph1579 mesolabe1579 quipu1581 rods1618 Napier's bones1647 Napier's rods1678 reckoner1757 counter1803 adding machine1822 operameter1830 virgulaa1831 adder1856 computer1869 arithmometer1876 perforation gauge1882 Cuisenaire rod1954 number line1964 number cruncher1966 cruncher1971 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 338 Certeine instruments, called Mesolabes or Mesographes, which serue to finde these meane lines proportionall. 1675 J. Collins Let. 30 Sept. in S. P. Rigaud & S. J. Rigaud Corr. Sci. Men 17th Cent. (1841) (modernized text) I. 219 The spiral line, with M. Tschirnhaus's angular instrument, makes the mesolabe. 1789 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music III. 164 The Mesolabe..is said to have been invented either by Archytas of Tarentum, or Erastohenes [sic], for the purpose of halving an interval. 1976 Sci. Amer. Aug. 9/2 I did not mention instruments limited to special purposes, such as those for drawing mechanical curves, the mesolabe and the astrolabe. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1579
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