mendicantn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈmɛndᵻk(ə)nt/, U.S.

/ˈmɛndək(ə)nt/

Forms: Middle English mendicans (plural), Middle English mendicaunt, Middle English mendycaunt, Middle English–1500s mendicantes (plural), Middle English–1500s mendycant, Middle English– mendicant.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin mendīcant-, mendīcāns.

Etymology: < classical Latin mendīcant-, mendīcāns beggar, in post-classical Latin also mendicant friar (13th cent.; 14th cent. in British sources), use as noun (in post-classical Latin also as adjective, from 4th or 5th cent.) of mendīcāns , present participle of mendīcāre to beg < mendīcus (adjective) destitute, (noun) beggar < mendum deficiency (see mendacious adj.) + -īcus , suffix forming adjectives and nouns (compare amīcus friend, friendly). Compare Italian mendico , adjective (13th cent.), mendicante (mid 14th cent. as adjective and noun), ordini mendicanti mendicant orders (1554); also Middle French mendicant professional beggar, criminal (16th cent.; < Italian). Compare mendiant n. and adj., mendinant n. and adj., mendivaunt n.The adjective is used as postmodifier in plural in phrase freurs mendicantes, fryers mendicantes (see quots. 1470 at sense B. 1, 1547 at sense B. 1) after post-classical Latin fratres mendicantes (from 14th cent. in British sources).

A. n.

a. A member of any of the Christian religious orders whose members originally lived solely on alms; a mendicant friar.The most important of these orders in the Western Christian Church (often referred to as the Four Orders) were the Franciscans, Dominicans, Carmelites, and Augustinian Hermits.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > friar > [noun] > begging

mendicant1395

mendinantc1395

mendivaunt1395

Sack-friarc1400

stationar1581

walleteer1778

breviger1859

Remonstr. against Romish Corruptions (Titus) (1851) 94 (MED) Freris departed in foure ordris, that ben clepid in Ingelond religiouse mendycauntis or beggeris, owen to lyue sympliere and streitliere than other religiouse.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 244/2 Mendycant an order of freres, mendicant.

c1540 Image Ipocrysy iv, in J. Skelton Poet. Wks. (1843) II. 444 Oh mesell Mendicantes, And mangy Obseruauntes.

1606 W. Warner Continuance Albions Eng. xiv. lxxxix. 361 A youthfull Gentleman, enamoured on her [sc. a nun]..thus did his sute preferre, Faining himself a Mendicant (Nunnes might with Friers conferre).

1797 R. Southey Lett. from Spain xxiv. 418 Of the Mendicants the most numerous is the Serafic, or Franciscan order.

1846 W. F. Hook Church Dict. (ed. 5) 611 Mendicants or Begging Friars.

1897 ‘M. Twain’ Following Equator li. 494 Twenty million priests, fakeers, holy mendicants, and other sacred bacilli.

1958 L. de Wohl Francis of Assisi (1960) xxvii. 218 He was a friar, one of those brown mendicants Cardinal Hugolino of Ostia had recommended to him by letter.

1992 B. Paton Preaching Friars & Civic Ethos Introd. 3 The relationship between the Church's theological and administrative hierarchy, the lay public, and the mendicants who mediated between the two.

b. In extended use: an itinerant (Buddhist, etc.) holy man or woman who begs for food.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > priest > kinds of priest > [noun] > Buddhist > mendicant

mendicant1613

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 454 Next..are certaine Mendicants, which liue of Rice and Barley, which any man at the first asking giueth them.

1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. xi. ii. 479 He..put on the dress of a Hindú religious mendicant.

1848 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 III. viii. 447 A sect of religious mendicants or Jogis.

1991 M. Tully No Full Stops in India (1992) iii. 97 Mishra also had to deal with the wandering sadhus, the mendicants who were not attached to any akhara or other religious group.

2. A beggar; a person who lives by begging. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > [noun] > beggar

beggara1250

bidder1362

mendinantc1395

mendivaunt1395

craver1406

thigger1424

gangrela1450

mendicant1474

mendiant1483

eremite1495

Lazarus?a1513

truandals1523

bellyterc1540

clapperdudgeon1567

beggar-man1608

maunder1609

maunderer1611

Abraham cove1612

eleemosynary1643

mumpera1652

jockey1685

progger1685

asker1708

thigster1710

prog1828

shooler1830

cadger1851

panhandler1893

Weary Willie1896

schlepper1901

plinger1904

peg-legger1915

tapper1930

clochard1940

1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iii. vii. 143 Haue no despite to the poure mendicants.

1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. v. i. 55 And but for that, what euer he may vaunt, Who now's a Monke, had beene a Mendicant.

1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) ii. §2 There is surely a Physiognomy, which those..Master Mendicants observe, whereby they instantly discover a merciful aspect.

1699 E. Ward London Spy I. xii. 12 Those Poor Mendicants, who have not above Nine-Pence..a Week from the Parish.

1744 E. Young Complaint: Night the Sixth 15 What is Station high? 'Tis a proud Mendicant; It boasts, and begs.

1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Odyssey in Iliad & Odyssey II. xvii. 264 This morsel hunting mendicant.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. ii. 21 They..looked like vulgar, sturdy mendicants.

1938 R. K. Narayan Dark Room viii. 127 A number of others, travellers, adventurers, and mendicants, were lying about.

1991 L. Sante Low Life ii. ii. 113 The place was a favourite of pickpockets and lush-workers, as well as a rendezvous for professional mendicants.

B. adj.

1. Of, belonging to, or designating any of the Christian religious orders of mendicants (see sense A. 1a). Esp. in mendicant friar (also (now rare) friar mendicant).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > friar > [adjective] > mendicant

mendinantc1400

mendicant1470

mendiant1535

limitary1830

1470 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1865) III. 184 To the Freurs of every house of Freurs Mendicantes in Boston.

1539 R. Taverner tr. Erasmus Prouerbes sig. E.vii A certayne doctoure of diuinitie..which was one of the secte of those that were called mendicant fryers.

1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe ii. f. vi Than dyd I go amonges the friers mendicantes.

1629 L. Owen Speculum Iesuiticum (new ed.) 27 This proud vpstart society was declared by Pope Pius Quintus to bee of the number of the Mendicant or Begging Friers.

a1722 J. Toland Coll. Several Pieces (1726) I. 394 The Eternal Gospel..was..publish'd by the mendicant Fryers.

1764 R. Burn Hist. Poor Laws 205 The religious houses sent abroad their friers mendicant, who swarmed about the kingdom.

1822 C. Lloyd Duke d'Ormond i. i. 93 He was a priest: a friar mendicant. Le Charier he is called.

1868 J. H. Blunt Reformation Church of Eng. I. 395 A mendicant friar of St. Mary Spital.

1888 A. Jessopp Coming of Friars iii. 132 That large class of conventuals which comprehended the mendicant order.

1951 W. Lewis Rotting Hill i. 25 No mendicant friar ever hobbled down a street in a more tatterdemalion advertisement of poverty.

1993 M. Glasscoe Eng. Medieval Mystics (BNC) 38 The thrust of missionary zeal to preach the faith and to live out its realities..which gave rise to the preaching and mendicant orders.

2. gen. Begging; given to or characterized by begging. Also: characteristic of a beggar.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > [adjective]

beggarish1530

beggary1542

beggarly1545

mendicant1609

briviatic1622

mendicatory1661

1609 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. (ed. 2) Mendicant, begging.

1621 S. Ward Life of Faith x. 71 It standes not without doores as a Mendicant Flexanimous perswader.

a1637 B. Jonson Under-woods lxxi. (heading) in Wks. (1640) III To the Right Honourable, the Lord high Treasurer of England. An Epistle Mendicant.

1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. viii. 71 And with that dejected air and mendicant voice.

1794 R. Burns Let. 29 Oct. (1985) II. 321 My plaintive epistle, & the contents of your answer, give me..so much the air of mendicant insinuation, that [etc.].

1862 Guardian 1 Jan. 20/3 Keziah Kadge, the lady who..intended to follow the mendicant profession till she could secure an annuity of £50 a year.

1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) III. 234 Mendicant prophets go to rich men's doors.

1983 S. Heaney Sweeney Astray 46 Forever mendicant, My rags all frayed and scanty, High in the mountains Like a crazed, frost-bitten sentry.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	mendicant
释义	mendicantn.adj. Brit. /ˈmɛndᵻk(ə)nt/, U.S. /ˈmɛndək(ə)nt/ Forms: Middle English mendicans (plural), Middle English mendicaunt, Middle English mendycaunt, Middle English–1500s mendicantes (plural), Middle English–1500s mendycant, Middle English– mendicant. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin mendīcant-, mendīcāns. Etymology: < classical Latin mendīcant-, mendīcāns beggar, in post-classical Latin also mendicant friar (13th cent.; 14th cent. in British sources), use as noun (in post-classical Latin also as adjective, from 4th or 5th cent.) of mendīcāns , present participle of mendīcāre to beg < mendīcus (adjective) destitute, (noun) beggar < mendum deficiency (see mendacious adj.) + -īcus , suffix forming adjectives and nouns (compare amīcus friend, friendly). Compare Italian mendico , adjective (13th cent.), mendicante (mid 14th cent. as adjective and noun), ordini mendicanti mendicant orders (1554); also Middle French mendicant professional beggar, criminal (16th cent.; < Italian). Compare mendiant n. and adj., mendinant n. and adj., mendivaunt n.The adjective is used as postmodifier in plural in phrase freurs mendicantes, fryers mendicantes (see quots. 1470 at sense B. 1, 1547 at sense B. 1) after post-classical Latin fratres mendicantes (from 14th cent. in British sources). A. n. 1. a. A member of any of the Christian religious orders whose members originally lived solely on alms; a mendicant friar.The most important of these orders in the Western Christian Church (often referred to as the Four Orders) were the Franciscans, Dominicans, Carmelites, and Augustinian Hermits. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > friar > [noun] > begging mendicant1395 mendinantc1395 mendivaunt1395 Sack-friarc1400 stationar1581 walleteer1778 breviger1859 Remonstr. against Romish Corruptions (Titus) (1851) 94 (MED) Freris departed in foure ordris, that ben clepid in Ingelond religiouse mendycauntis or beggeris, owen to lyue sympliere and streitliere than other religiouse. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 244/2 Mendycant an order of freres, mendicant. c1540 Image Ipocrysy iv, in J. Skelton Poet. Wks. (1843) II. 444 Oh mesell Mendicantes, And mangy Obseruauntes. 1606 W. Warner Continuance Albions Eng. xiv. lxxxix. 361 A youthfull Gentleman, enamoured on her [sc. a nun]..thus did his sute preferre, Faining himself a Mendicant (Nunnes might with Friers conferre). 1797 R. Southey Lett. from Spain xxiv. 418 Of the Mendicants the most numerous is the Serafic, or Franciscan order. 1846 W. F. Hook Church Dict. (ed. 5) 611 Mendicants or Begging Friars. 1897 ‘M. Twain’ Following Equator li. 494 Twenty million priests, fakeers, holy mendicants, and other sacred bacilli. 1958 L. de Wohl Francis of Assisi (1960) xxvii. 218 He was a friar, one of those brown mendicants Cardinal Hugolino of Ostia had recommended to him by letter. 1992 B. Paton Preaching Friars & Civic Ethos Introd. 3 The relationship between the Church's theological and administrative hierarchy, the lay public, and the mendicants who mediated between the two. b. In extended use: an itinerant (Buddhist, etc.) holy man or woman who begs for food. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > priest > kinds of priest > [noun] > Buddhist > mendicant mendicant1613 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 454 Next..are certaine Mendicants, which liue of Rice and Barley, which any man at the first asking giueth them. 1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. xi. ii. 479 He..put on the dress of a Hindú religious mendicant. 1848 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 III. viii. 447 A sect of religious mendicants or Jogis. 1991 M. Tully No Full Stops in India (1992) iii. 97 Mishra also had to deal with the wandering sadhus, the mendicants who were not attached to any akhara or other religious group. 2. A beggar; a person who lives by begging. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > [noun] > beggar beggara1250 bidder1362 mendinantc1395 mendivaunt1395 craver1406 thigger1424 gangrela1450 mendicant1474 mendiant1483 eremite1495 Lazarus?a1513 truandals1523 bellyterc1540 clapperdudgeon1567 beggar-man1608 maunder1609 maunderer1611 Abraham cove1612 eleemosynary1643 mumpera1652 jockey1685 progger1685 asker1708 thigster1710 prog1828 shooler1830 cadger1851 panhandler1893 Weary Willie1896 schlepper1901 plinger1904 peg-legger1915 tapper1930 clochard1940 1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iii. vii. 143 Haue no despite to the poure mendicants. 1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. v. i. 55 And but for that, what euer he may vaunt, Who now's a Monke, had beene a Mendicant. 1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) ii. §2 There is surely a Physiognomy, which those..Master Mendicants observe, whereby they instantly discover a merciful aspect. View more context for this quotation 1699 E. Ward London Spy I. xii. 12 Those Poor Mendicants, who have not above Nine-Pence..a Week from the Parish. 1744 E. Young Complaint: Night the Sixth 15 What is Station high? 'Tis a proud Mendicant; It boasts, and begs. 1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Odyssey in Iliad & Odyssey II. xvii. 264 This morsel hunting mendicant. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. ii. 21 They..looked like vulgar, sturdy mendicants. 1938 R. K. Narayan Dark Room viii. 127 A number of others, travellers, adventurers, and mendicants, were lying about. 1991 L. Sante Low Life ii. ii. 113 The place was a favourite of pickpockets and lush-workers, as well as a rendezvous for professional mendicants. B. adj. 1. Of, belonging to, or designating any of the Christian religious orders of mendicants (see sense A. 1a). Esp. in mendicant friar (also (now rare) friar mendicant). ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > friar > [adjective] > mendicant mendinantc1400 mendicant1470 mendiant1535 limitary1830 1470 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1865) III. 184 To the Freurs of every house of Freurs Mendicantes in Boston. 1539 R. Taverner tr. Erasmus Prouerbes sig. E.vii A certayne doctoure of diuinitie..which was one of the secte of those that were called mendicant fryers. 1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe ii. f. vi Than dyd I go amonges the friers mendicantes. 1629 L. Owen Speculum Iesuiticum (new ed.) 27 This proud vpstart society was declared by Pope Pius Quintus to bee of the number of the Mendicant or Begging Friers. a1722 J. Toland Coll. Several Pieces (1726) I. 394 The Eternal Gospel..was..publish'd by the mendicant Fryers. 1764 R. Burn Hist. Poor Laws 205 The religious houses sent abroad their friers mendicant, who swarmed about the kingdom. 1822 C. Lloyd Duke d'Ormond i. i. 93 He was a priest: a friar mendicant. Le Charier he is called. 1868 J. H. Blunt Reformation Church of Eng. I. 395 A mendicant friar of St. Mary Spital. 1888 A. Jessopp Coming of Friars iii. 132 That large class of conventuals which comprehended the mendicant order. 1951 W. Lewis Rotting Hill i. 25 No mendicant friar ever hobbled down a street in a more tatterdemalion advertisement of poverty. 1993 M. Glasscoe Eng. Medieval Mystics (BNC) 38 The thrust of missionary zeal to preach the faith and to live out its realities..which gave rise to the preaching and mendicant orders. 2. gen. Begging; given to or characterized by begging. Also: characteristic of a beggar. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > [adjective] beggarish1530 beggary1542 beggarly1545 mendicant1609 briviatic1622 mendicatory1661 1609 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. (ed. 2) Mendicant, begging. 1621 S. Ward Life of Faith x. 71 It standes not without doores as a Mendicant Flexanimous perswader. a1637 B. Jonson Under-woods lxxi. (heading) in Wks. (1640) III To the Right Honourable, the Lord high Treasurer of England. An Epistle Mendicant. 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. viii. 71 And with that dejected air and mendicant voice. 1794 R. Burns Let. 29 Oct. (1985) II. 321 My plaintive epistle, & the contents of your answer, give me..so much the air of mendicant insinuation, that [etc.]. 1862 Guardian 1 Jan. 20/3 Keziah Kadge, the lady who..intended to follow the mendicant profession till she could secure an annuity of £50 a year. 1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) III. 234 Mendicant prophets go to rich men's doors. 1983 S. Heaney Sweeney Astray 46 Forever mendicant, My rags all frayed and scanty, High in the mountains Like a crazed, frost-bitten sentry. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.adj.1395
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