axialadj.

Brit.

/ˈaksɪəl/, U.S.

/ˈæksiəl/

Etymology: < Latin axis + -al suffix¹.

1. Forming an axis; of the nature of an axis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [adjective] > forming or of the nature of an axis

axal?1812

axoidean1840

axial1849

1849 R. I. Murchison Siluria v. 100 The elevation of the axial line being less.

1857 A. Henfrey Elem. Course Bot. §35 A true or axial root.

1873 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. i. 25 The skeleton of the head and trunk, which is called the Axial skeleton.

1879 S. Highley in Cassell's Techn. Educator IV. 313/1 The axial ray.

1879 W. B. Carpenter Princ. Mental Physiol. (ed. 5) i. i. §23 The Cerebrum and the Axial Cord on which it is super-imposed.

1880 C. Darwin & F. Darwin Power of Movement in Plants 223 Flower-stems..being axial in their nature.

2. Of, or belonging to, an axis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [adjective] > forming or of the nature of an axis > of or belonging to an axis

axial1859

1859 B. Powell Order of Nature i. §2. 45 Imagined three distinct motions..orbital, rotatory, axial.

1868 J. N. Lockyer Elem. Lessons Astron. 237 With its axial direction at right angles to the direction of the slit.

1870 R. A. Proctor Other Worlds than Ours iii. 61 Axial inclination [of the planets].

3. Round, or about, an axis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [adjective] > forming or of the nature of an axis > round or about an axis

runningOE

axial1862

1862 H. Spencer First Princ. ii. xxii. §170 The axial velocity.

1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. II. xi. 239 The earth's axial rotation.

Compounds

axial flow n. usually attributive (with hyphen) (see quots.).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > turbine > [adjective] > types of

radial-flow1881

axial flow1889

mixed-pressure1909

mixed flow1958

refan1973

1889 G. R. Bodmer Hydraulic Motors: Turbines ii. 33 The mixed-flow has been developed out of the inward-flow turbine by continuing the vanes into that part of the wheel where the water assumes a vertical direction, so that the radial flow is changed into an axial flow.

1889 G. R. Bodmer Hydraulic Motors: Turbines ii. 43 Axial-Flow Girard Turbine..has ventilated buckets..widened at the lower end, where the outflow takes place.

1910 Hawkins' Elect. Dict. 25/2 Axial Flow, a term applied to that class of turbine in which the fluid passes through the motor in a direction parallel to its axis... Also termed Parallel flow.

1941 Flight 9 Oct. 242/2 The combustion gases, with an excess of air, are then expanded through an axial-flow gas turbine which drives the main air compressor.

1949 Gloss. Aeronaut. Terms (B.S.I.) ii. 14 Axial-flow compressor, a compressor which functions by the action of alternate rows of fixed and rotating blades, radially mounted; the direction of flow through the compressor being axial.

1949 Gloss. Aeronaut. Terms (B.S.I.) ii. 17 Axial-flow turbine, a turbine through which the general direction of flow is axial.

axial gradient n. Zoology the gradual change in the intensity of metabolism along any axis of a living organism.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > internal organs and systems > [noun] > thermogenesis > change in metabolism along axis

axial gradient1911

1911 C. M. Child in Jrnl. Exper. Zool. 11 214 These facts..show very clearly that an axial gradient exists in a large number of organisms and that in many cases at least the apical or anterior region is dominant in regulation.

1926 L. Hogben Compar. Physiol. xii. 203 The morphological differentiation of parts (axiate pattern) with reference to a given axis is preceded by the appearance of a gradient of physiological activity (axial gradient) along this axis.

Categories »

axial projection n. Geometry geometrical projection in which a number of planes are drawn from a fixed line or axis, each of which projects a slice of a figure on to a line in a plane.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	axial
释义	axialadj. Brit. /ˈaksɪəl/, U.S. /ˈæksiəl/ Etymology: < Latin axis + -al suffix¹. 1. Forming an axis; of the nature of an axis. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [adjective] > forming or of the nature of an axis axal?1812 axoidean1840 axial1849 1849 R. I. Murchison Siluria v. 100 The elevation of the axial line being less. 1857 A. Henfrey Elem. Course Bot. §35 A true or axial root. 1873 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. i. 25 The skeleton of the head and trunk, which is called the Axial skeleton. 1879 S. Highley in Cassell's Techn. Educator IV. 313/1 The axial ray. 1879 W. B. Carpenter Princ. Mental Physiol. (ed. 5) i. i. §23 The Cerebrum and the Axial Cord on which it is super-imposed. 1880 C. Darwin & F. Darwin Power of Movement in Plants 223 Flower-stems..being axial in their nature. 2. Of, or belonging to, an axis. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [adjective] > forming or of the nature of an axis > of or belonging to an axis axial1859 1859 B. Powell Order of Nature i. §2. 45 Imagined three distinct motions..orbital, rotatory, axial. 1868 J. N. Lockyer Elem. Lessons Astron. 237 With its axial direction at right angles to the direction of the slit. 1870 R. A. Proctor Other Worlds than Ours iii. 61 Axial inclination [of the planets]. 3. Round, or about, an axis. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [adjective] > forming or of the nature of an axis > round or about an axis runningOE axial1862 1862 H. Spencer First Princ. ii. xxii. §170 The axial velocity. 1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. II. xi. 239 The earth's axial rotation. Compounds axial flow n. usually attributive (with hyphen) (see quots.). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > turbine > [adjective] > types of radial-flow1881 axial flow1889 mixed-pressure1909 mixed flow1958 refan1973 1889 G. R. Bodmer Hydraulic Motors: Turbines ii. 33 The mixed-flow has been developed out of the inward-flow turbine by continuing the vanes into that part of the wheel where the water assumes a vertical direction, so that the radial flow is changed into an axial flow. 1889 G. R. Bodmer Hydraulic Motors: Turbines ii. 43 Axial-Flow Girard Turbine..has ventilated buckets..widened at the lower end, where the outflow takes place. 1910 Hawkins' Elect. Dict. 25/2 Axial Flow, a term applied to that class of turbine in which the fluid passes through the motor in a direction parallel to its axis... Also termed Parallel flow. 1941 Flight 9 Oct. 242/2 The combustion gases, with an excess of air, are then expanded through an axial-flow gas turbine which drives the main air compressor. 1949 Gloss. Aeronaut. Terms (B.S.I.) ii. 14 Axial-flow compressor, a compressor which functions by the action of alternate rows of fixed and rotating blades, radially mounted; the direction of flow through the compressor being axial. 1949 Gloss. Aeronaut. Terms (B.S.I.) ii. 17 Axial-flow turbine, a turbine through which the general direction of flow is axial. axial gradient n. Zoology the gradual change in the intensity of metabolism along any axis of a living organism. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > internal organs and systems > [noun] > thermogenesis > change in metabolism along axis axial gradient1911 1911 C. M. Child in Jrnl. Exper. Zool. 11 214 These facts..show very clearly that an axial gradient exists in a large number of organisms and that in many cases at least the apical or anterior region is dominant in regulation. 1926 L. Hogben Compar. Physiol. xii. 203 The morphological differentiation of parts (axiate pattern) with reference to a given axis is preceded by the appearance of a gradient of physiological activity (axial gradient) along this axis. Categories » axial projection n. Geometry geometrical projection in which a number of planes are drawn from a fixed line or axis, each of which projects a slice of a figure on to a line in a plane. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.1849
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