单词 | mega- |
释义 | mega-comb. form 1. Forming scientific and technical terms with the sense ‘very large’, ‘comparatively large’, or (esp. in Pathology) ‘abnormally large’, often having correlatives beginning micro-, and sometimes also synonyms beginning macro-. a. megafrustule n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌfrʌstjuːl/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌfrʌstʃuːl/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌfrəsˌtʃul/ ΚΠ 1895 Naturalist 260 Drawings made with the camera lucida..of the conjugating process showing the megafrustules. megaherbivore n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌhəːbᵻvɔː/ , /ˌmɛɡəˈhəːbᵻvɔː/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌ(h)ərbəˌvɔr/ , /ˌmɛɡəˈ(h)ərbəˌvɔr/ ΚΠ 1978 Paleobiology 4 205/1 There is no evidence for an apparent reduction in diversity of the autochthonous megaherbivores of South America until the Late Pleistocene. 1988 New Scientist 17 Mar. 56/1 Recent studies in tropical Africa have shown that the ‘megaherbivores’, especially elephants and rhinos, can convert closed woodland into open savanna. 1993 Ecology 74 633/1 Megaherbivores are those species of terrestrial herbivore that typically attain adult body masses in excess of 1000 kg. This group includes the extant elephants, rhinoceroses, hippopotamus, and (marginally) giraffe. megavertebrate n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌvəːtᵻbrət/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌvəːtᵻbreɪt/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌvərdəbrət/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌvərdəˌbreɪt/ ΚΠ 1984 H. A. Semken Contrib. Quaternary Vertebr. Paleont. (Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist. Special Publ.) 426/2 If the traditional biostratigraphic concept of megavertebrate extinction is used, the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary in the Peccary Cave sequence, is best placed. 1991 Sci. Amer. Oct. 14/1 The top predators in an ecosystem usually meet that criterion [i.e. that used to identify keystone species], so saving ‘charismatic megavertebrates’ like gray wolves would make good sense, Pimm says. b. megabacterium n. Brit. /ˌmɛɡəbakˈtɪərɪəm/ , U.S. /ˌmɛɡəˌbækˈtɪriəm/ (plural megabacteria) any relatively large bacterium; spec. any of various rod-shaped microorganisms of uncertain classification that are associated with inflammation of the proventriculus in birds.ΚΠ 1883 D. MacAlister tr. E. Ziegler Text-bk. Pathol. Anat. i. xxx. 265 According to size we may distinguish them as micrococci, mesococci, and megacocci, and microbacteria, mesobacteria, and megabacteria. 1988 Vet. Rec. 123 494/1 Proventriculitis associated with megabacterium infection. megacoccus n. Brit. /ˌmɛɡəˈkɒkəs/ , U.S. /ˌmɛɡəˈkɑkəs/ (plural megacocci) [ < mega- comb. form + -coccus (in micrococcus n., probably after German Megacoccos (1874)] Biology rare a (relatively) large coccoid bacterium; cf. macrococcus n. at macro- comb. form 1a, micrococcus n.ΚΠ 1883 D. MacAlister tr. E. Ziegler Text-bk. Pathol. Anat. i. §185. 265 According to size we may distinguish them as micrococci, mesococci, and megacocci. megacolon n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌkəʊlən/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌkəʊlɒn/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌkoʊlən/ [ < mega- comb. form + colon n.1; compare French mégacôlon (1901)] Medicine gross dilatation of the colon; a colon in this condition.ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of bowels or intestines > [noun] > other intestinal disorders cholera1601 cœliac1661 cœliac passion or flux1662 bota1722 mucocele1897 Hirschsprung's disease1900 paraproctitis1900 peptic ulcer1900 megacolon1906 outpouching1909 typhlatony1913 polyposis1914 argentaffinoma1934 irritable bowel syndrome1943 Meckel's diverticulum1946 Meckel's diverticulitis1954 1897 G. M. Gould & W. L. Pyle Anomalies & Curiosities Med. vi. 288 Mya reports two cases of congenital dilatation and hypertrophy of the colon (megacolon congenito).] 1906 W. A. N. Dorland Illustr. Med. Dict. (ed. 4) 419/2 Megacolon. 1908 Practitioner Sept. 459 True congenital idiopathic megacolon, or Hirschsprung's disease. 1949 Lancet 1 Jan. 10/2 A considerable proportion of cases of megacolon (not being Hirschsprung's disease) remain in the residual ‘idiopathic’ group. 1989 Nature 2 Feb. 464/2 This overexpression correlated with changes in the normal developmental program of the gut, resulting in an inherited abnormal phenotype known as megacolon. 1997 Gut 41 253/1 More proximal colonic specimens from 18 patients, 16 of whom had a megacolon. megafossil n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌfɒsl/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌfɑs(ə)l/ Palaeontology = macrofossil n. at macro- comb. form 4.ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > organism > fossil > [noun] > types of astroite1610 belemnite1646 mussel-stone1660 scallop-stone1668 trochite1676 conchite1677 ophiomorphite1677 pectinite1677 worm-stone1677 musculite1681 serpent-stone1681 sugar-plum1681 glossopetraa1684 ague shell1708 forket1708 mytilite1727 grit1748 phytolithus1761 fairy beads1767 fairy fingers1780 fairy arrow1794 gryphite1794 ram's horn1797 hysterolite1799 tubulite1799 thunder-pick1801 celleporite1808 ceraunite1814 seraph1822 serpulite1828 coprolite1829 subfossil1831 pencil1843 trigonellite1845 buccinite1852 rudist1855 guide fossil1867 witch's cradle1867 coccolith1868 fairy cheeses1869 discolith1871 Portland screw1871 spiniferite1872 cyatholith1875 cryptozoon1883 sabellite1889 palaeospecies1895 homoeomorph1898 rudistid1900 megafossil1932 scolecodont1933 macrofossil1937 hystrichosphere1955 palynomorph1961 acritarch1963 molecular fossil1965 mitrate1967 1932 Amer. Midland Naturalist 13 191 Megafossils occur frequently but are not abundant. 1954 Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer. 65 1338 (title) New land mammal and marine megafossil associations in the Neogene of California. 1992 M. Ingrouille Diversity & Evol. Land Plants iii. 84 Insect pollinated flowers produce less pollen than wind pollinated flowers. For this reason the domination of the late Cretaceous Vegetation by angiosperms may be better illustrated by the proportions of megafossils such as leaves. megagametocyte n. Brit. /ˌmɛɡəɡəˈmiːtə(ʊ)sʌɪt/ , /ˌmɛɡəˈɡamᵻtə(ʊ)sʌɪt/ , U.S. /ˌmɛɡəɡəˈmidəˌsaɪt/ Biology rare = macrogametocyte n.ΚΠ 1910 Encycl. Brit. VI. 616/2 After this.., gametogony sets in, the trophozoites..becoming the parent-cells of the sexual elements (gametocytes), either male individuals (microgametocytes) or female ones (megagametocytes). 1995 Jrnl. Appl. Genetics 36 341 [Low fertility] was..caused by low pollen viability, by decline of megasporocyte and megagametocyte in the process of ontogenesis and by a smaller ovule number per ovary. megallantoid n. and adj. Brit. /ˌmɛɡəˈlantɔɪd/ , U.S. /ˌmɛɡəˈlænˌtɔɪd/ [ < mega- comb. form + allantoid n. and adj.] Biology rare (a) n. an animal with a large allantois; (b) adj. having a large allantois.ΚΠ 1877 W. Turner Introd. Human Anat. II. 869 So large and persistent is the sac of the allantois in the ordinary Ruminantia [etc.], that M. H. Milne-Edwards has grouped them together as Megallantoids. 1890 Cent. Dict. Megallantoid, having a large allantois. meganucleus n. Brit. /ˌmɛɡəˈnjuːklɪəs/ , U.S. /ˌmɛɡəˈn(j)ukliəs/ = macronucleus n.ΚΠ 1892 Amer. Naturalist 26 642 In each cell Maupas distinguishes between the (M) meganucleus.., which presides over nutrition and growth and divides by constriction, and the (m) micronucleus.., which presides over the preservation of the species. 1903 S. J. Hickson in E. R. Lankester Treat. on Zool. I. i. 372 (heading) The meganucleus (= macronucleus). 1930 H. G. Newth Marshall & Hurst's Junior Course Pract. Zool. (ed. 11) i. 7 [Paramecium] Both mega- and micro-nuclei first divide, then a transverse constriction appears on the surface of the animal, and deepens till the body is divided into two. 1963 G. A. Kerkut Borradaile & Potts's Invertebrata (rev. ed.) ii. 32 The meganucleus is capable of conducting by itself the normal vegetative existence of the individual. megaoesophagus n. Brit. /ˌmɛɡə(r)ᵻˈsɒfəɡəs/ , /ˌmɛɡə(r)iːˈsɒfəɡəs/ , U.S. /ˌmɛɡəəˈsɑfəɡəs/ Pathology gross dilatation of the oesophagus, often associated with achalasia or Chagas' disease.ΚΠ 1937 Guy's Hosp. Rep. 87 158 Megaoesophagus may be defined as a dilatation of the oesophagus caused by a functional disorder of the cardia. 1987 D. J. Weatherall et al. Oxf. Textbk. Med. (ed. 2) I. v. 523/2 Early megaoesophagus can be relieved by balloon dilation but established severe megaoesophagus and megacolon require surgery. megaplume n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəpluːm/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌplum/ a large thermal plume, spec. a short-lived, massive hydrothermal plume.ΚΠ 1973 Nature 31 Aug. 566/2 Broad thermal highs, or megaplumes, with horizontal dimensions measurable in hundreds of km, lay beneath the crust and remained active over long periods. 1989 Jrnl. Geophysical Res. B. 94 12232/1 A steady state black smoker flow can be periodically interrupted by outbursts of very rapid flow, giving rise to a normal hydrothermal plume with periodic megaplumes rising through and above it. megaripple n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌrɪpl/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌrɪp(ə)l/ Geology an extensive undulation of the surface of a sandy beach or sea bed, that is typically tens of metres from crest to crest and tens of centimetres in height, but may be much larger.ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > rising ground or eminence > [noun] > undulation > sand-wave sand wave1820 sand ripple1879 megaripple1953 1953 L. M. J. U. van Straaten in Geol. en Mijnbouw 15 3/1 Initial stages of transverse megaripples covered with the common small scale current ripples are frequently seen on the large, sandy tidal flats. 1968 New Scientist 18 Apr. 113/1 The strange features that have come to be known as megaripples—regularly formed giant undulations, measured by echo sounders, that straddle the ocean floor with distances of three to four miles between crest and crest. 1988 E. Wood et al. Sea Life Brit. & Ireland 126 Minor ripples form on the surface of mega-ripples, and mega-ripples on sand waves hundreds of metres long and 20 or 30 metres high. megashear n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəʃɪə/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌʃɪ(ə)r/ [ < mega- comb. form + shear n.2] Geology a transcurrent fault in which the displacement is greater than the thickness of the crust.ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > discontinuity or unconformity > [noun] > fault > other types of fault heave1802 reversed fault1852 reverse fault1865 step-fault1879 ring fracture1881 overfault1883 overlap fault1883 overthrust1883 trough fault1883 thrust1888 thrust-fault1889 offset1897 cross-fault1900 tear-fault1900 distributive fault1904 cross-break1909 slide1910 strike-slip fault1913 rift1921 splay fault1942 wrench fault1951 megashear1954 transform fault1965 transform1971 1954 S. W. Carey in News Bull. Geol. Soc. Austral. July 1 The known megashears, where orogens are displaced hundreds of km., were next examined. 1971 Nature 2 July 23/1 We regard these two [American] plates as distinct entities separated mainly by the Cayman-Puerto Rico megashear. 1994 Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer. 106 214/3 In direct contrast to the Late Devonian left-lateral megashear models, this motion would link to a large-scale dextral motion between Scandinavia and Greenland in Late Devonian time. megaureter n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəjᵿˌriːtə/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌjʊərᵻtə/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌjʊrədər/ Pathology gross dilatation of the ureter; a ureter in this condition.ΚΠ 1937 Guy's Hosp. Rep. 87 170 (heading) Lesions of the intramural plexus in megacolon and mega-ureter. 1966 G. P. Wright & W. S. Symmers Systemic Pathol. I. xxv. 771/1 A dilated ureter without any discoverable mechanical obstruction is known as a megaureter or megaloureter..and appears to be due to a defect in ureteral peristalsis. 1994 Radiology 192 262/1 One patient proved to have a primary megaureter and was noted at transperineal US to have a parasagittal cystic tubular structure that proved to be a dilated ureter. megazoosporange n. Brit. /ˌmɛɡəˈzuː(ə)spəˌran(d)ʒ/ , /ˌmɛɡəˈzəʊəspəˌran(d)ʒ/ , U.S. /ˌmɛɡəˈzoʊəspəˌrændʒ/ , /ˌmɛɡəˈzu(ə)spəˌrændʒ/ [ < mega- comb. form + zoosporange (see zoosporangium n.)] Botany rare a sporangium containing megazoospores.ΚΠ 1889 A. W. Bennett & G. R. M. Murray Handbk. Cryptogamic Bot. 297 Fig. 260..C. megazoosporange. megazoospore n. Brit. /ˌmɛɡəˈzuː(ə)spɔː/ , /ˌmɛɡəˈzəʊəspɔː/ , U.S. /ˌmɛɡəˈzoʊəˌspɔr/ , /ˌmɛɡəˈzu(ə)ˌspɔr/ Botany rare a relatively large zoospore, esp. produced by certain freshwater green algae.ΚΠ 1889 A. W. Bennett & G. R. M. Murray Handbk. Cryptogamic Bot. 297 Fig. 260..D. megazoospores. 1930 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 57 392 Many of the megazoospores did not escape but remained swimming about in the vacuole for several hours. 2. Used in the names of units of measurement, etc., to denote a factor of one million (106); also in Computing, to denote a factor of 220 (1,048,576); symbol M. a. megabar n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəbɑː/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌbɑr/ ΚΠ 1903 T. W. Richards & W. N. Stull New Method determining Compressibility 43 The pressure of a megadyne per square centimeter would be called a megabar. 1925 J. Joly Surface-hist. Earth iii. 55 The megabar is one million dynes per sq. cm. It is nearly one atmosphere. 1991 Pop. Sci. May 22/1 By measuring the diffraction of the X-rays, they calculated that the pressure being put on the samples was 4.16 megabars. megacurie n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌkjʊəri/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌkjɔːri/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌkjʊri/ ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > measurement of ionizing radiation > [noun] > units of radioactivity megacurie1947 curie1954 pico-curie1960 Becquerel1975 Bq1975 1947 Radiology 49 326/1 The amount of radioactivity from these fission products with moderately long half-lives was in the range of hundreds of megacuries. 1957 New Scientist 10 Oct. 28/3 Large amounts of radioactivity can be measured in megacuries: one megacurie is the equivalent of one [metric] ton of radium. 1984 N. N. Greenwood & A. Earnshaw Chem. of Elements (1986) iii. 48 Tritium is available cheaply on the megacurie scale for peaceful purposes. megadalton n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌdɔːlt(ə)n/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌdɒlt(ə)n/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌdɔlt(ə)n/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌdɑlt(ə)n/ ΚΠ 1960 New Biol. 31 121 The weight of 1 per cent of the particle [sc. T2 phage] is 1·2 Md. [Note] Md = megadaltons or 1,000,000 molecular weight units. 1973 Sci. Amer. Apr. 22/2 The molecular weight of the E. coli chromosome is 2,500 megadaltons. 1987 D. J. Weatherall et al. Oxf. Textbk. Med. (ed. 2) I. v. 251/2 Virulence of Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y. enterocolitica is mediated by carriage of a 40–50 megadalton plasmid. megadyne n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡədʌɪn/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌdaɪn/ ΚΠ 1871 Brit. Assoc. Rep. ii. 29 The author [sc. Everett] proposed..that the names kilodyne, megadyne, kilopone, megapone be employed to denote a thousand and a million dynes and pones. 1931 Proc. Royal Soc. 1930–31 A. 130 412 The stress p in the specimen [was] measured in bars (megadynes per square centimetre). megaelectronvolt n. Brit. /ˌmɛɡə(r)ᵻˈlɛktrɒnˌvəʊlt/ , U.S. /ˌmɛɡəəˈlɛktrɑnˌvoʊlt/ , /ˌmɛɡəiˈlɛktrɑnˌvoʊlt/ ΚΠ 1969 Rev. Instruments 40 1413 Two megaelectron volt beams from both single point hemispherical stainless steel and planar graphite emitters were studied. 1989 New Scientist 22 Apr. 27/1 After the cell had operated with several watts of power from batteries for 10 hours, Pons detected gamma-rays at 850 counts per second at 2.225 megaelectronvolts, the energy that you would expect from gamma-rays produced by fusion. megafarad n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌfarad/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌfarəd/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌfɛˌræd/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌfɛrəd/ ΚΠ 1868 J. L. Clark Elem. Treat. Electr. Measurem. 44 Megafarad. 1869 Sci. Amer. 25 Sept. 195/2 Possibly it would weary our readers to tell of ohms and megohms, farads and megafarads, volts and microvolts, and all the terminology of conduction, resistance, electrostatic capacity, and continued electrification. megahertz n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌhəːts/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌhərts/ ΚΠ 1941 Chem. Abstr. 35 2159 (heading) Molecular changes following irradiation with hertzian waves of a frequency of 1875 megahertz. 1966 Electronics 3 Oct. 171 Transatlantic airliners will communicate with the satellite on the 118 to 136 Megahertz band. 1982 Giant Bk. Electronics Projects x. 476 The output frequency could be shifted electrically plus or minus fifteen megahertz. 1999 N.Y. Times 2 Sept. g3/2 A 500-megahertz G4 Macintosh simply smoked the fastest chip in Intel's PC lineup. megajoule n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌdʒuːl/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌdʒul/ ΚΠ 1892 B. Smith & W. H. H. Hudson Arithm. for Schools (new ed.) 147 A million joules make a megajoule. 1974 Sci. Amer. Feb. 77/1 This meant that the total energy in our beam, nearly a megajoule, would be greater by a factor of about 100. 1993 D. Beason & K. J. Anderson Assemblers of Infinity iv. 46 Megajoules of x rays sprayed through the entire lab room. megalitre n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌliːtə/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌlidər/ ΚΠ 1971 Daily Tel. 27 Apr. 20 (advt.) It is thought that it will be safe to re-enter the flooded workings when the inflow rate has been reduced to 205 megalitres a day. 1991 Professional Engin. July 8/3 When the ring main is completed, it will be able to move 1300 megalitres of water a day. megametre n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌmiːtə/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌmidər/ ΚΠ 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 812/1 Megametre (astronomy)..1,000,000 metres. 1998 Nature 28 May 317/1 MDI dopplergrams reveal strong localized upward and downward mass flows during the X-ray impulse.., 3–5 megametres (Mm) across. meganewton n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌnjuːtn/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌn(j)utn/ ΚΠ 1969 Proc. Royal Soc. 1968–9 A. 308 244 The main propulsion motor may be..a Raven mk 8 (total impulse 1·4 meganewton-seconds). 1975 Physics Bull. Apr. 165/1 Traditionally, standard forces up to meganewtons are produced on deadweight machines. 1996 New Scientist 6 July 37/2 While the shuttle's main engine produces a thrust of around 1.75 meganewtons, the aerospike will deliver almost 1.92 meganewtons. megaparsec n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌpɑːsɛk/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌpɑrˌsɛk/ ΚΠ 1920 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 6 360 Astronomical distances..are already expressed in terms of the kilometer, mile, ‘astronomical unit’.., megaparsec = 106 parsecs, and, perhaps, a few other units. 1973 Physics Bull. Nov. 674/1 There is evidence for an intergalactic [magnetic] field of order 10−13 T which seems to be uniform over scales of several thousand megaparsecs. 1988 T. Ferris Coming of Age in Milky Way (1989) i. xiv. 274 For every megaparsec (or 3.26 million light-years) that one looks out into space, one finds galaxies moving apart at an additional 550 kps. megapascal n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌpaskl/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌpæsk(ə)l/ ΚΠ 1972 Jrnl. Acoustical Soc. Amer. 52 992/1 Stallard has determined the density p as a function of temperature and pressure..where T is temperature in degrees Celsius, and p is pressure in mega pascals. 1991 Amer. Scientist Mar. 147/2 For iron-based materials each degree of temperature difference between two regions sets up a thermal stress of 3.5 megapascals, or 500 pounds per square inch. ΚΠ 1871 Brit. Assoc. Rep. ii. 29 The author [sc. Everett] proposed..that the names kilodyne, megadyne, kilopone, megapone be employed to denote a thousand and a million dynes and pones. megarad n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡərad/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌræd/ ΚΠ 1957 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 241 495 Many polyesters can be fully cured with a dose of only a few megarads. 1960 A. Charlesby Atomic Radiation & Polymers iv. 65 A reactor running at 100 megawatts power output could provide 30 megarads to 1 ton of material. 1994 Internat. Orthopaedics 18 172 It is recommended that bone allografts which are secondarily sterilized by gamma irradiation receive at least 2.5 megarads. megawatt n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəwɒt/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌwɑt/ ΚΠ 1900 Webster's Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Megawatt. 1947 Science 28 Nov. 506/2 Protons..are injected into a resonant cavity operating at about 200 megacycles and driven by 23 oscillators delivering a total of 1.5 megawatts peak power. 1969 P. W. McDaniel in D. Z. Robinson et al. Nucl. Energy Today & Tomorrow (1971) ii. iv. 210 In 1962 the largest U.S. power reactor was 180 megawatts. 1990 B. Keepin in J. Leggett Global Warming xiii. 299 Construction time for a 1,000 megawatt plant is assumed to be just six years. ΚΠ 1906 N.E.D. at Mega- Megaweber. ΚΠ 1891 L. Clark Dict. Metric Measures Meg-joule = one million joules. b. megacorpse n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəkɔːps/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌkɔrps/ a million dead bodies, esp. as a unit in estimating the possible effects of nuclear warfare; cf. megadeath n.ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > dead body > [noun] > million megacorpse1958 1958 Tuscaloosa (Alabama) News 4 Sept. 4/5 The eeriest new word coined in the space age is ‘Megacorpse’. 1968 Economist 13 Apr. 29/2 Dr. Kahn, a controversial figure best known for his calculations on thermo-nuclear war and his invention of the term ‘megacorpse’, has begun to broaden the institute's scope. megapixel n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌpɪksl/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌpɪks(ə)l/ Computing 1,048,576 or 220 pixels, esp. as a unit of graphic resolution.ΚΠ 1983 Internat. Electron Devices Meeting 489/1 A large format Virtual Phase Charge Coupled device has been developed for scientific purposes requiring data rates up to 8 megapixels/sec. 1992 Astron. 20 13/2 SpectraSource has several cameras in the 300-kilopixel range coming down the pike and already offers the HPC-1, with a one-megapixel chip. megerg n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəːɡ/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡˌərɡ/ [ < mega- comb. form + erg n.1; compare earlier megalerg n. at megalo- comb. form 2] Physics rare a unit of work and energy equivalent to one million ergs.ΚΠ 1906 N.E.D. at Megalo- Megerg. 1919 Science 31 Oct. 412/2 One megabar atmosphere acting through one cubic centimeter does one megerg of work. 3. Used as a prefix to denote something of great size, quantity, importance, or excellence. a. megabank n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəbaŋk/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌbæŋk/ ΚΠ 1979 Amer. Banker 31 Dec. 10/4 The ‘megabanks’ in the first tier will service the biggest national and international customers. 1993 Guardian 26 Nov. i. 18/7 None of the US megabanks that bought into the City during the Big Bang were too worried about lost prestige when they subsequently closed or slimmed down. megabash n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəbaʃ/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌbæʃ/ ΚΠ 1985 Observer 21 July 19/5 This was billed as a ‘megabash featuring London's top 10 up-and-coming young bands performing 10 potential smash hits’. 1994 Toronto Life June 10/2 Gerry Sheff and Ira Gluskin split $20 million last year and have planned a megabash in September to celebrate their tenth anniversary as a team. megabid n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəbɪd/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌbɪd/ ΚΠ 1985 Sunday Tel. 29 Dec. 17/6 The language of the City has taken an exciting turn with..mega-bids (takeovers for sums of money with a great many noughts on) and White-Knights (a rival takeover bidder, not quite so awful as the threatened one). 1989 Independent 14 Oct. 21/1 The rest of the stock market had a see-saw day. When at the opening the mooted megabid failed to appear shares lost ground. mega-building n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌbɪldɪŋ/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌbɪldɪŋ/ ΚΠ 1977 Time 19 Dec. 50/1 The skyscraper.., at ground level, is one of the world's few megabuildings that actually appear hospitable to human beings. 1997 Economist 1 Feb. 71/3 These are no ordinary casinos... They are mega-buildings, occupying prime sites of the sort once reserved for cathedrals and town halls. megabusiness n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌbɪznᵻs/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌbɪznᵻs/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌbɪznᵻz/ ΚΠ 1973 Newsweek 23 Apr. (cover) Megabusiness. 1992 M. Anderson Imposters in Temple ii. 44 From the rather small, quiet, dignified institutions of rarefied scholarly pursuits and the teaching of a select few, they have ballooned into sophisticated megabusiness machines. megacity n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌsɪti/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌsɪdi/ ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > city > [noun] > large city Babylon1581 megalopolis1828 big city1836 the smoke1864 megacity1967 1967 N. Mailer Why are we in Vietnam? (Intro Beep vi.) 91 The high technological nexus and overdeveloped civilization of a megacity like the Dallas–Fort Worth complex. 1992 B. Bova Mars 58 The poor farmers and villagers had streamed into the cities in such a torrent that they had swollen into a single urban megacity more than three hundred kilometers wide. megadeal n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡədiːl/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌdil/ ΚΠ 1978 Economist 9 Dec. 81/1 Tucked away among eastern Europe's imports, dwarfed by such megadeals as chemical plants, power-stations and aluminium smelters, is a rising trickle of western consumer goods. 1991 J. Cooper Polo xxix. 272 He finally located him in the Four Seasons in New York, closing a mega-deal with some Italians. mega-event n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡə(r)ᵻˌvɛnt/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəəˌvɛnt/ , /ˈmɛɡəiˌvɛnt/ ΚΠ 1981 N.Y. Times 20 Jan. d22/4 Only so-called mega-events, such as Wimbledon and the Open, do not need guarantees to insure the presence of the top players. 1989 Independent 12 Dec. 30/8 The next mega-event..will of course be the live transmission of the referees choosing which underpants to wear, on cable TV only. mega-exhibition n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡə(r)ɛksᵻˌbɪʃn/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌɛksəˌbɪʃ(ə)n/ ΚΠ 1984 N.Y. Times 4 Nov. ii. 1/3 ‘Mega-exhibitions’ is the coinage in question, and let us hope that it sticks, because the mega-exhibition is not going to go away. 1985 National Times (Austral.) 22 Nov. 31/2 Streeton's own importance as the leading painter..is itself up for re-assessment in the mega-exhibition. megafestival n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌfɛstᵻvl/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌfɛstəv(ə)l/ ΚΠ 1970 Daily Tel. 30 Oct. (Colour Suppl.) 23/1 Who then will mourn if there are few more free-form megafestivals? ‘There are two and a half million kids,..and they will have nowhere to go.’ 1987 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 24 Oct. 5/1 (heading) Forget arts festival, it's a megafestival. megafirm n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəfəːm/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌfərm/ ΚΠ 1982 Legal Times 1 Feb. 3/3 The trio, who were..Koteen & Burt's entire aviation department, will continue to do aviation work and serve clients of Kelley Drye, ‘one of the few mega-firms that didn't have [a D.C. branch]’. 1990 B. Burrough & J. Helyar Barbarians at Gate xii. 305 For the first time it would allow staid old Goldman to compete head-to-head with moneyed megafirms such as Shearson and Merrill Lynch. megagame n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəɡeɪm/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌɡeɪm/ ΚΠ 1969 New Yorker 7 June 56/3 There are plenty of people who like tennis the way Ashe and Graebner play it. It is the megagame. 1999 Inside Multimedia (Electronic ed.) 23 Nov. A Hollywood blockbuster or a PlayStation megagame takes at least a year to produce. megahype n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəhʌɪp/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌhaɪp/ ΚΠ 1978 Washington Post 11 Apr. d6/5 Megahype of nonevents is no substitute, as network executives would do well to remember. 1993 N.Y. Times 21 June d1/2 With ‘Jurassic Park’ on its way to megahit status at movie theater box offices and megahype conditions in the world of licensed spinoff products, some jewelers and museum store operators are looking forward to a surge in amber sales. megaliner n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌlʌɪnə/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌlaɪnər/ ΚΠ 1987 Trav. Weekly (Nexis) 31 Aug. 1 But NCL has drafts for a 5,000-passenger megaliner..that were put on hold because of exorbitant construction costs. 1992 Time 17 Feb. 55/2 There's a cruise ship for virtually every taste and pocketbook..from megaliners with more than 2,600 passengers to small exploration-type vessels for fewer than 100. megamall n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəmal/ , /ˈmɛɡəmɔːl/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌmɔl/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌmɑl/ ΚΠ 1980 Washington Post 17 Jan. g9/1 If there is a last pioneer among Washington shopping centers, it is Fair Oaks, the 1.4 million square foot mega-mall now being built near the intersection of I-66 and Rte. 50 in Fairfax County. 1994 Colorodoan (Fort Collins) 8 Jan. a10/3 Across from the hotel is the city's newest megamall. megamarket n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌmɑːkɪt/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌmɑrkət/ ΚΠ 1982 Time 18 Jan. 38/3 Since the '60s, the once distinct worlds of data processing and communications have increasingly fused together into a vast new megamarket. Computers a continent apart communicate with each other over the telephone lines and via satellite transmissions. 1993 Independent 2 Jan. 33/2 Dealers cooped up in their shows, worrying about their unsold stock, have felt an urge to join with others in creating a mega-market under one roof. megamerger n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌməːdʒə/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌmərdʒər/ ΚΠ 1980 Forbes 9 June 39/3 Chairman and CEO John S. Reed calls it a ‘megamerger’. What brought it on was the announcement in January that the rival Union Pacific was planning to merge with Missouri Pacific. 1993 Coloradoan (Fort Collins) 21 Aug. a14/1 The checkbooks are out again for the mega-mergers that characterized the 1980s. megaproject n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌprɒdʒɛkt/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌprɑˌdʒɛk(t)/ ΚΠ 1983 Maclean's 17 Oct. 23/3 The forestry industry is still reeling after a year of record losses and Bennett's $2.5-billion northeast coal megaproject is running into problems in its initial development. 1990 Creative Rev. Mar. 8/3 Design of the mega project was given to Mike Bennion of Blink, who put together eight CD covers, the box set and accompanying 32-page handbook. megaresort n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡərᵻˌzɔːt/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡərəˌzɔrt/ , /ˈmɛɡəriˌzɔrt/ ΚΠ 1982 Washington Post 21 Nov. e20/1 Bolton Valley, less intimidating than Killington, a mega resort. 1997 Chicago Tribune 14 Dec. viii. 6/2 The luxurious 37-floor megaresort is anchored by a 120-foot-tall simulated silver-mining machine that rises from the casino floor into a giant dome. b. megabitch n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəbɪtʃ/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌbɪtʃ/ derogatory an extremely malicious or treacherous woman.ΚΠ 1985 Adweek (U.S.) 16 Dec. The Joan Collins/Alexis Carrington device here is inspired. She gets to play off the megabitch appeal of Alexis while adding a slapstick, comic twist. 1990 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 7 Apr. (Weekend Suppl.) 8/4 I took the part because she was so modern and had to survive among mega-bitches. megacarrier n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌkarɪə/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌkɛriər/ a very large travel company, esp. an airline.ΚΠ 1980 N.Y. Times 16 Sept. d4/1 All told, nine of the largest railroads are committed to plans to form four ‘mega’ carriers. 1987 Times June 10 23/5 In the U.S., the fierce economic climate resulting from deregulation has led to many small airlines being taken over, and to the emergence of a small group of giant ‘mega-carriers’. 1993 Guardian 25 Oct. i. 11/7 At the beginning of the 1990s, the conventional wisdom about the US airline industry was that a handful of mega-carriers such as American, United and Delta—the Big Three—would dominate the skies. megacentre n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌsɛntə/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌsɛn(t)ər/ a large out-of-town shopping centre.ΚΠ 1979 Washington Post 23 Apr. b1/5 For years now, since shopping was converted from a necessary nuisance to the latest expression of the pleasure principle, the megacenters have furnished a focus for traditions and rituals that suburbs separated by superhighways could not supply. 1986 Austral. Transport May 4/2 The new suburban megacenters are being superimposed on an essentially mature highway system. 1993 Coloradoan (Fort Collins) 13 Mar. a1/5 Aspin said he was not convinced the site selection for new megacenters was good public policy. megachurch n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡətʃəːtʃ/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌtʃərtʃ/ U.S. a church with an unusually large membership, esp. one preaching a conservative or evangelical form of Christianity and also offering a variety of educational and social activities.ΚΠ 1984 Washington Post 3 Oct. b13/4 The modest country church has been replaced by ‘Christian networks, corporations and multiministried megachurches’. 1992 N.Y. Times 4 Jan. 26/5 Occupying huge ‘campuses’ with up-to-date structures, megachurches provide an array of religious, educational and social activities tailored to the different needs of youths, single people..and simply individuals sharing particular interests from macramé to hiking. megadecibel n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəˌdɛsᵻb(ɛ)l/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌdɛsəˌbɛl/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌdɛsəb(ə)l/ [ < mega- comb. form + decibel n., as if < 2] figurative and hyperbolically a supposed unit of extreme loudness; an extremely loud sound, an extremely high degree of noise; frequently attributive.ΚΠ 1968 Time 23 Feb. 10 The controversy over Viet Nam was raised several megadecibels by widespread speculation. 1998 Chicago Tribune 15 Mar. vii. 15/1 How did the Shubert's Sunday afternoon crowd react to a show with..liberal use of the F-word and mega-decibel music? megadose n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡədəʊs/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌdoʊs/ a very large dose (of a vitamin, drug, etc.), spec. a dose which is at least ten times the recommended daily intake; also in extended use.ΚΠ 1971 Compton's Encycl. Yearbk. 1972 345/1 Vitamin use reached faddish proportions in 1971 as some scientists urged the intake of huge ‘megadoses’ of vitamins for various disorders. 1993 Omni Oct. 144/1 For the next two weeks, we will take megadoses of various ‘smart drugs’ to determine if it is really possible to significantly expand our intellects. 1993 New Yorker 13 Dec. 127/2 The younger cast members of ‘S.N.L.’, like the minor players on ‘Late Night’, seem to have sensibilities shaped less by standup comedy than by megadoses of MTV. megahit n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəhɪt/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌhɪt/ an extremely successful film, television programme, song, etc.; frequently attributive.ΚΠ 1977 Washington Post 10 July h1/6 If you just couldn't get enough of that super-duper megahit of the '70s, ‘Star Wars’, now you can take eight minutes of it home with you and play it over and over. 1993 Chatelaine May 75/3 In 1991, the megahit was a song called Smells Like Teen Spirit. megamachine n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəməˌʃiːn/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəməˌʃin/ (a) a social system dominated by technology and functioning without regard for specifically human needs; (b) a very large or powerful machine; a network of machines.ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > [noun] > social structure or system > type of structure or system system1806 white supremacy1824 communitarianism1840 familism1859 the Establishment1955 global village1959 megamachine1967 1967 L. Mumford Myth of Machine i. 12 Cosmic order was the basis of this new human order. The exactitude in measurement, the abstract mechanical system, the compulsive regularity of this ‘megamachine’, as I shall call it, sprang directly from astronomical observations and scientific calculations. 1984 Implement & Tractor July 43/2 He used his little, light-weight tractor to run circles round the mega-machines of that era [sc. the 1930s]. 1991 J. Menick Lingo v. 86 One vast megamachine comprising practically every computer in the universe. 1998 E. Davis TechGnosis (1999) v. 131 The footloose ‘postindustrial’ economy is supposed to have left such soulless mechanisms of control behind, but in reality the megamachine has simply fragmented and mutated. megamedia n. Brit. /ˌmɛɡəˈmiːdɪə/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌmiːdɪə/ , U.S. /ˌmɛɡəˈmidiə/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌmidiə/ the mass media regarded, collectively, as a large and powerful organization; frequently attributive.ΚΠ 1978 Washington Post 11 June k6/3 As we move into what's sure to be the mega-media decade of the 80s, ‘20/20’ could prove to be the prototype for on-air ‘magazines’ to come. 1982 National Right to Life News 11 Mar. 4/2 Others maintain the ‘megamedia’ not only selects what we think about in the area of public policy but how we think about these questions. 1991 Canberra Times 31 Jan. 7/3 The internationalisation of processes is expected to result in the emergence of roughly six mega-media giants who will dominate the world market by the end of the century. megastate n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡəsteɪt/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌsteɪt/ (a) any of the larger states of the United States; (b) a large and powerful republic or federation of states.ΚΠ 1972 N. R. Pierce (title) The megastates of America. People, politics and power in the ten great states. 1980 Human Life Rev. 6 33 It will be another iron beam in the megastructure of the megastate. 1984 J. Naisbitt Megatrends 246 The megastates [sc. California, Florida, and Texas] share a number of interesting characteristics. All three are on the cutting edge of the whole immigration question. 1992 New Republic 18 May 34/1 The projected unification of Western Europe has made its inhabitants more aware of what they perceive to be their historical differences, which are threatened with extinction by the emergence of a new megastate. megatechnics n. Brit. /ˌmɛɡəˈtɛknɪks/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌtɛknɪks/ , U.S. /ˌmɛɡəˈtɛknɪks/ , /ˈmɛɡəˌtɛknɪks/ extensive mechanization of a society with a highly developed technology.ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > [noun] > regular occupation, trade, or profession > technology > branches or types of manufacturing technology1890 geotechnics1902 geotechnology1908 neotechnics1927 high technology1936 appropriate technology1950 new technology1953 space technology1957 technoscience1960 microtechnology1963 telechirics1963 reproductive technology1965 high-tech1967 megatechnics1967 terotechnology1970 ecotechnology1973 new-tech1980 analogue1986 sci-tech1990 haptics1992 1967 L. Mumford Myth of Machine ix. 189 When all the components, political and economic, military, bureaucratic and royal, must be included, I shall usually refer to the ‘megamachine’: in plain words, the Big Machine. And the technical equipment derived from such a megamachine thence becomes ‘megatechnics’. 1987 Ecologist Mar.–June 108/1 If we are to have a future, we must reject ‘Megatechnics’ in favour of ‘Polytechnics’—technology that enhances life rather than destroys it. megatrend n. Brit. /ˈmɛɡətrɛnd/ , U.S. /ˈmɛɡəˌtrɛnd/ an important shift in the progress of a society or of any other particular field or activity; any major movement.ΚΠ 1983 Christian Sci. Monitor 3 Oct. 11/1 The son of lower-middle-class Algerian Jews, he quickly rose up the French scholarly ladder through his books and lectures on megatrends of the economy and on the evolution of societies at large. 1998 E. Davis TechGnosis (1999) vii. 191 For megatrend watchers and hype masters, cyberspace came to serve as a shorthand for a variety of very different developments. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < comb. form1868 |
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