awln.

Brit.

/ɔːl/, U.S.

/ɔl/,

/ɑl/

Forms: Old English æl, eal, Old English–Middle English al, Middle English el, Middle English alle, Middle English–1600s aule, Middle English ele, 1500s awle, 1500s–1600s all, 1700s aul, 1700s– awl; also Middle English nal, 1500s nalle, 1500s–1600s nall, naule, naull, nawle, 1600s naul, nawl.

Etymology: Old English æl, cognate with Old High German ala, Middle High German ale, modern German ahle, Old Norse alr (compare Sanskrit árá). The length of the vowel in the old Germanic languages is uncertain; and there is some doubt as to its being originally a Germanic word. In 15–17th cent. a mistaken division of an awl as a nawl gave the form with initial n.

1. A small tool, having a slender, cylindrical, tapering, sharp-pointed blade, with which holes may be pierced; a piercer, pricker, bodkin.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > piercing or boring tools > [noun] > for piercing or pricking > awl

awlc885

elsina1300

pricker1678

naul1724

c885 Laws of Ælfred 11 (Bosw.) Þurhþyrlige his eáre mid eale.

c1000 Ælfric Leviticus xxv. 10 Þirlige his eáre mid ale.

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Exod. xxi. 6 He shal thril his eer with an alle [a1425 L.V. a nal, an al; Coverdale, botkin; Genev. awle; 1611 aule].

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1882) VIII. 249 Prikkede thro alle the body with nalles, neldes, and pynnes.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 127/2 It is harde to the to stryue ayenst the alle or prycke.

1530 Bible (Tyndale) Exod. xxi. f. xxxv Then let his master..bore his eare thorow with a naule.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 247/1 Nall maker, faisevr dalesnes.

1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Desubulo, to pearse: properly wyth a nawle or bodken.

1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 14^v Hole brydle & saddle, whyt leather & nall.

1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle iii. i. sig. Cii^v Hays lent me here his naull, to set the gyb forward.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 183 The worme..must be presently pulled out by some Naule or Needle.

1607 S. Collins Serm. Paules-Crosse 20 The Naule was vsed..to bore-through the eare of him [etc.].

a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) i. xi. §5. 120 To bore their eares through, with a Nawle.

1726 J. Swift Gulliver I. ii. vi. 103 To bore little Holes with a fine Awl.

1865 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times xiii. 443 Awls and sinews would in our hands be but poor substitutes for needles and thread.

a. esp. The tool of this description used by shoemakers for piercing holes in leather. Cf. also bradawl n. (used by carpenters).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making footwear > [noun] > equipment or materials for > equipment > awl

awlc1000

St. Crispin's lance1650

pegging awla1700

stab-awl1840

c1000 Colloq. Monast. 30 (Bosw.) Hwanon sceó-wyrhtan æl?

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 241 Ansutere [þet haueð forloren] his eal [?a1289 Scribe D al; a1250 Nero el].

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 66 More boryinde þanne zouteres eles.

14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 628 Baryngsexe, sole, nalle (subula), corduane.

1496 Treat. Fysshynge wyth Angle in Bk. St. Albans (rev. ed.) sig. hiij^v Shomakers nalles in especyall the beste for grete fysshe.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 247/1 Nall for a souter, alesne.

1564 T. Becon Workes Pref. sig. Avi The Shomaker [geueth ouer] his nalle & threde.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 331 Their horns be like a shoomakers Nall blade.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) i. i. 21 Truly sir, all that I liue by, is with the Aule.

1853 Arab. Nights (Rtldg.) 639 Seated on his stool, with his awl in his hand, ready to begin work.

b. figurative and proverb. applied to the occupation of a shoemaker. Cf. last n.¹ 2c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making footwear > [noun] > shoemaking > shoemaker > occupation of

awla1637

a1637 B. Jonson in R. Brome 5 New Playes sig. A3 The Cobler kept him to his nall.

1826 W. Scott Woodstock I. viii. 187 Doubt not that thou shalt be set beyond thine awl.

c. to pack up one's awls: cf. all pron. and n. 6c. (It is possible that the phrase originated with this word, or in a pun on all and awl.)

ΚΠ

1674 Cotton Voy. Ireland iii. 10 I then call to pay, And packing my nawls, whipt to horse, and away.

1712 S. Centlivre Perplex'd Lovers i. ii. 7 I'd pluck up a Courage, pack up my Awls and march with him.

3. transferred. A sharp spine, or boring organ.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > [noun] > organ for boring

awl1340

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [noun] > hard or protective covering > spine

pikec1300

thornc1300

awl1340

prickle1567

prick1631

spine1753

acicula1784

acicule1800

acicle1852

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 66 Þe þornhog þet ys al ywryȝe myd prikyinde eles.

1802 W. Paley Nat. Theol. xix. 349 The awl or borer fixed at the tails of various species of flies.

†4. ? A dagger. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > knife or dagger > [noun]

saxa800

knifec1175

pricka1350

awla1387

daggerc1386

puncheonc1425

custil1447

punch?1480

murdererc1500

pointela1522

poniard1533

pounce1545

poignado?a1549

slaughmess1548

dirk1557

pistolesea1566

parazone1623

coutel1647

chiv1673

couteau1677

cuttoe1678

sticker1772

cultel1824

skewer1838

snicker1847

shiv1915

chib1929

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 209 I-slawe with alles [L. capulis] of comune..brawlers.

Compounds

awl-bird n. provincial name of the Green Woodpecker ( Picus viridis).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Piciformes > [noun] > family Picidae > genus Picus (woodpecker) > picus viridis (green woodpecker)

rain-fowl1440

woodwall1490

speight1513

hickwall?1533

rainbird1544

woodspite1555

green-peak1598

yaffingale1609

pick-a-tree1615

witwall1668

storm cock1769

nicker-pecker1787

yaffle1792

awl-bird1802

popinjay1802

yaffler1802

dirt-bird1847

yuckle1847

stock eagle1884

nicker1886

1802 G. Montagu Ornithol. Dict. at Woodpecker—Green Awl-bird.

awl-shaped adj. subulate.

ΚΠ

1763 J. Ellis in Philos. Trans. 1762 (Royal Soc.) 52 664 The female has a remarkable..awl shaped papilla.

1880 A. Gray Bot. Text-bk. (ed. 6) 398 Awl-shaped, narrow, terete or somewhat so, and attenuate from a broader base to a slender or rigid point.

awl-wort n. a plant ( Subularia aquatica) so named from its leaves.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Cruciferae (crucifers) > [noun] > other crucifers

Raphanusa1398

watercress?a1450

boor's mustard1548

dish-mustard1548

rocket1548

treacle mustard1548

heal-dog1551

Thlaspi1562

candy mustard1597

Grecian mustard1597

Italian rocket1597

knave's mustard1597

madwort1597

mithridate mustard1597

moonwort1597

mithridate1605

wall-rocket1611

broom-wort1614

candytuft1629

draba1629

Turkey cress1633

rock cress1650

shepherd's cress1713

pennycress1714

alyssum1731

arabis1756

tower mustard1760

faverel1770

molewort1770

stinkweed1793

wall cabbage1796

wall-cress1796

awl-wort1797

sickle-pod1846

Kerguelen cabbage1847

sun cress1848

sand rocket1854

wall mustard1904

buckler-mustard-

tower-cress-

1797 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. at Subularia Awl-wort.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	awl
释义	awln. Brit. /ɔːl/, U.S. /ɔl/, /ɑl/ Forms: Old English æl, eal, Old English–Middle English al, Middle English el, Middle English alle, Middle English–1600s aule, Middle English ele, 1500s awle, 1500s–1600s all, 1700s aul, 1700s– awl; also Middle English nal, 1500s nalle, 1500s–1600s nall, naule, naull, nawle, 1600s naul, nawl. Etymology: Old English æl, cognate with Old High German ala, Middle High German ale, modern German ahle, Old Norse alr (compare Sanskrit árá). The length of the vowel in the old Germanic languages is uncertain; and there is some doubt as to its being originally a Germanic word. In 15–17th cent. a mistaken division of an awl as a nawl gave the form with initial n. 1. A small tool, having a slender, cylindrical, tapering, sharp-pointed blade, with which holes may be pierced; a piercer, pricker, bodkin. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > piercing or boring tools > [noun] > for piercing or pricking > awl awlc885 elsina1300 pricker1678 naul1724 c885 Laws of Ælfred 11 (Bosw.) Þurhþyrlige his eáre mid eale. c1000 Ælfric Leviticus xxv. 10 Þirlige his eáre mid ale. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Exod. xxi. 6 He shal thril his eer with an alle [a1425 L.V. a nal, an al; Coverdale, botkin; Genev. awle; 1611 aule]. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1882) VIII. 249 Prikkede thro alle the body with nalles, neldes, and pynnes. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 127/2 It is harde to the to stryue ayenst the alle or prycke. 1530 Bible (Tyndale) Exod. xxi. f. xxxv Then let his master..bore his eare thorow with a naule. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 247/1 Nall maker, faisevr dalesnes. 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Desubulo, to pearse: properly wyth a nawle or bodken. 1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 14^v Hole brydle & saddle, whyt leather & nall. 1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle iii. i. sig. Cii^v Hays lent me here his naull, to set the gyb forward. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 183 The worme..must be presently pulled out by some Naule or Needle. 1607 S. Collins Serm. Paules-Crosse 20 The Naule was vsed..to bore-through the eare of him [etc.]. a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) i. xi. §5. 120 To bore their eares through, with a Nawle. 1726 J. Swift Gulliver I. ii. vi. 103 To bore little Holes with a fine Awl. 1865 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times xiii. 443 Awls and sinews would in our hands be but poor substitutes for needles and thread. 2. a. esp. The tool of this description used by shoemakers for piercing holes in leather. Cf. also bradawl n. (used by carpenters). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making footwear > [noun] > equipment or materials for > equipment > awl awlc1000 St. Crispin's lance1650 pegging awla1700 stab-awl1840 c1000 Colloq. Monast. 30 (Bosw.) Hwanon sceó-wyrhtan æl? ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 241 Ansutere [þet haueð forloren] his eal [?a1289 Scribe D al; a1250 Nero el]. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 66 More boryinde þanne zouteres eles. 14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 628 Baryngsexe, sole, nalle (subula), corduane. 1496 Treat. Fysshynge wyth Angle in Bk. St. Albans (rev. ed.) sig. hiij^v Shomakers nalles in especyall the beste for grete fysshe. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 247/1 Nall for a souter, alesne. 1564 T. Becon Workes Pref. sig. Avi The Shomaker [geueth ouer] his nalle & threde. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 331 Their horns be like a shoomakers Nall blade. a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) i. i. 21 Truly sir, all that I liue by, is with the Aule. View more context for this quotation 1853 Arab. Nights (Rtldg.) 639 Seated on his stool, with his awl in his hand, ready to begin work. b. figurative and proverb. applied to the occupation of a shoemaker. Cf. last n.¹ 2c. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making footwear > [noun] > shoemaking > shoemaker > occupation of awla1637 a1637 B. Jonson in R. Brome 5 New Playes sig. A3 The Cobler kept him to his nall. 1826 W. Scott Woodstock I. viii. 187 Doubt not that thou shalt be set beyond thine awl. c. to pack up one's awls: cf. all pron. and n. 6c. (It is possible that the phrase originated with this word, or in a pun on all and awl.) ΚΠ 1674 Cotton Voy. Ireland iii. 10 I then call to pay, And packing my nawls, whipt to horse, and away. 1712 S. Centlivre Perplex'd Lovers i. ii. 7 I'd pluck up a Courage, pack up my Awls and march with him. 3. transferred. A sharp spine, or boring organ. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > [noun] > organ for boring awl1340 the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [noun] > hard or protective covering > spine pikec1300 thornc1300 awl1340 prickle1567 prick1631 spine1753 acicula1784 acicule1800 acicle1852 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 66 Þe þornhog þet ys al ywryȝe myd prikyinde eles. 1802 W. Paley Nat. Theol. xix. 349 The awl or borer fixed at the tails of various species of flies. †4. ? A dagger. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > knife or dagger > [noun] saxa800 knifec1175 pricka1350 awla1387 daggerc1386 puncheonc1425 custil1447 punch?1480 murdererc1500 pointela1522 poniard1533 pounce1545 poignado?a1549 slaughmess1548 dirk1557 pistolesea1566 parazone1623 coutel1647 chiv1673 couteau1677 cuttoe1678 sticker1772 cultel1824 skewer1838 snicker1847 shiv1915 chib1929 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 209 I-slawe with alles [L. capulis] of comune..brawlers. Compounds awl-bird n. provincial name of the Green Woodpecker ( Picus viridis). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Piciformes > [noun] > family Picidae > genus Picus (woodpecker) > picus viridis (green woodpecker) rain-fowl1440 woodwall1490 speight1513 hickwall?1533 rainbird1544 woodspite1555 green-peak1598 yaffingale1609 pick-a-tree1615 witwall1668 storm cock1769 nicker-pecker1787 yaffle1792 awl-bird1802 popinjay1802 yaffler1802 dirt-bird1847 yuckle1847 stock eagle1884 nicker1886 1802 G. Montagu Ornithol. Dict. at Woodpecker—Green Awl-bird. awl-shaped adj. subulate. ΚΠ 1763 J. Ellis in Philos. Trans. 1762 (Royal Soc.) 52 664 The female has a remarkable..awl shaped papilla. 1880 A. Gray Bot. Text-bk. (ed. 6) 398 Awl-shaped, narrow, terete or somewhat so, and attenuate from a broader base to a slender or rigid point. awl-wort n. a plant ( Subularia aquatica) so named from its leaves. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Cruciferae (crucifers) > [noun] > other crucifers Raphanusa1398 watercress?a1450 boor's mustard1548 dish-mustard1548 rocket1548 treacle mustard1548 heal-dog1551 Thlaspi1562 candy mustard1597 Grecian mustard1597 Italian rocket1597 knave's mustard1597 madwort1597 mithridate mustard1597 moonwort1597 mithridate1605 wall-rocket1611 broom-wort1614 candytuft1629 draba1629 Turkey cress1633 rock cress1650 shepherd's cress1713 pennycress1714 alyssum1731 arabis1756 tower mustard1760 faverel1770 molewort1770 stinkweed1793 wall cabbage1796 wall-cress1796 awl-wort1797 sickle-pod1846 Kerguelen cabbage1847 sun cress1848 sand rocket1854 wall mustard1904 buckler-mustard- tower-cress- 1797 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. at Subularia Awl-wort. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c885
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