Melanesiann.adj.

Brit.

/ˌmɛləˈniːzj(ə)n/,

/ˌmɛləˈniːʒn/, U.S.

/ˌmɛləˈniʒ(ə)n/,

/ˌmɛləˈniʃ(ə)n/

Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element; perhaps modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: proper name Melanesia , -an suffix.

Etymology: < Melanesia, the name of a group of islands in the south-west Pacific, including New Guinea, the Bismarck archipelago, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, and many smaller islands ( < ancient Greek μελαν- (see melano- comb. form) + -nesia (in the name of Polynesia : see polynesia n.), with the intended sense ‘the region of islands inhabited by dark-skinned peoples’) + -an suffix, perhaps after French mélanésien, adjective and noun (1832 in J. S. C. Dumont D'Urville Voyage de l'Astrolabe).

A. n.

1. A native or inhabitant of Melanesia; (Cultural Anthropology) a member of one of the indigenous peoples of the region.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > Polynesian, Melanesian, and Micronesian > [noun]

Polynesian1807

Alfur1814

Oceanian1822

Tikopian1832

kanaka1840

Alfurian1842

Melanesian1845

Cook Islander1888

Micronesian1900

Pasifika1997

1845 Encycl. Metrop. XXV. 1031/1 The eastern branch of those whom M. D'Urville has denominated Melanesians.

1851 J. P. Thompson Moral Unity of Human Race 42 The more southern [sc. Micronesian] islands have evidently received some accessions, and some modifications of complexion and character, from the Melanesians on their southern border.

1862 J. C. Patteson Let. 15 Nov. in C. M. Yonge Life J. C. Patteson (1874) II. ix. 20 No less than fifty-seven Melanesians here now from twenty-four islands.

1927 Observer 17 July 6/4 This particular group of Melanesians is almost entirely lacking in the typical institutions of the region, the dual organisation, the avunculate.

1942 National Geographic Mag. June 693/1 Neither France nor Britain took immediate steps to establish sovereignty over it because of the fierce warlike habits of the native Melanesians there.

1991 Sci. News 16 Feb. 111/1 Investigators, focusing on different cranial features, find a weak connection between Tasmanian and Australian aborigines. Instead, they group Tasmanians with Melanesians living on islands northeast of Australia.

2. Any of the languages spoken in Melanesia.The languages in general differ from island to island. Most are classified as non-Austronesian (chiefly Papuan), though some belong to the Eastern Mayalo-Polynesian subgroup of Austronesian.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Austric > [noun] > Austronesian > other Austronesian

Moluccas1619

Formosan1704

Sunda1816

Melanesian1849

Sundanese1849

Lifu1852

Bajau1869

Ambonese1875

Acehnese1882

Kiriwinian1916

Tolai1962

Moluccan1977

1849 G. A. Selwyn in S. M. Tucker Mem. (1879) I. 302 The Melanesian (Anaijom) aijeama, we, but not you.

1893 S. H. Ray in 9th Internat. Congr. Orientalists II. 760 Of these, the Misima is the same as the New Guinea Melanesian, whilst the Nada forms..show the pronouns usual as possessive suffixes.

1911 J. London Mauki in South Sea Tales 83 Tambo is Melanesian for taboo, and is first cousin to that Polynesian word.

B. adj.

1. Of or relating to Melanesia, its inhabitants, their languages, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > Polynesian, Melanesian, and Micronesian > [adjective]

Alfurian1839

Melanesian1849

Austronesian1903

Melanesoid1932

Pasifika1974

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Pacific Islands > [adjective] > Melanesia

Melanesian1849

1849 G. A. Selwyn in S. M. Tucker Mem. (1879) I. 302 The Melanesian dialects.

1855 G. A. Selwyn (title) Letters on the Melanesian mission in 1853.

1887 A. Featherman Social Hist. Races Mankind II. i. 251 The Malayo-Melanesians are the most important branch of the Melanesian stock.

1904 Athenæum 9 Apr. 460/3 Words in this Melanesian language which have cognates in Malay and Malagasy.

1959 E. A. Fisher Introd. Anglo-Saxon Archit. 88 Still earlier in really primitive art, and among some primitive races today, the same idea of showing the inside, the backbone, ribs and internal organs..is found, e.g. in the so-called X-ray drawings of some of the natives of the Melanesian area of the Pacific.

1979 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 17 Nov. 9/4 One is a land of Kava (a disappointing alcoholic drink brought from neighbouring Polynesia) and the sulu, the Melanesian version of the sarong.

1991 Pacific Rev. 4 249 This political acceptance of traditional Melanesian power structures has been enshrined in the constitution.

2. Melanesian Pidgin n. a language spoken in Melanesia, derived from pidgin English but now effectively a creole, comprising three main varieties or dialects (Tok Pisin in Papua New Guinea, Bislama in Vanuatu, and Pijin in the Solomon Islands), and serving as the lingua franca both within and among these communities. Also called Neo-Melanesian.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > a language > [noun] > creole or mixed language

patroillart1340

mixed language1592

jargon1643

lingua franca1666

Frank1681

polyglot1715

olla podrida1850

pidgin1869

Creole1871

Mischsprache1930

creolized language1932

Melanesian Pidgin1942

1929 Englische Studien 63 252 (heading) Das Melanische Pidgin-Englisch.]

1942 Newsweek 7 Dec. 40/3 Melanesian pidgin is one of three..jargons derived from English, the others being West African and Chinese [pidgins].

1967 R. I. McDavid in G. V. Bobrinskoy Lang. & Areas 86 A viable language in its own right—like Melanesian Pidgin.

1990 T. Crowley Beach-la-Mar to Bislama 8 There are some features of the three dialects of Melanesian Pidgin which suggest to the casual observer that they are more different than they really are.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	melanesian
释义	Melanesiann.adj. Brit. /ˌmɛləˈniːzj(ə)n/, /ˌmɛləˈniːʒn/, U.S. /ˌmɛləˈniʒ(ə)n/, /ˌmɛləˈniʃ(ə)n/ Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element; perhaps modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: proper name Melanesia , -an suffix. Etymology: < Melanesia, the name of a group of islands in the south-west Pacific, including New Guinea, the Bismarck archipelago, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, and many smaller islands ( < ancient Greek μελαν- (see melano- comb. form) + -nesia (in the name of Polynesia : see polynesia n.), with the intended sense ‘the region of islands inhabited by dark-skinned peoples’) + -an suffix, perhaps after French mélanésien, adjective and noun (1832 in J. S. C. Dumont D'Urville Voyage de l'Astrolabe). A. n. 1. A native or inhabitant of Melanesia; (Cultural Anthropology) a member of one of the indigenous peoples of the region. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > Polynesian, Melanesian, and Micronesian > [noun] Polynesian1807 Alfur1814 Oceanian1822 Tikopian1832 kanaka1840 Alfurian1842 Melanesian1845 Cook Islander1888 Micronesian1900 Pasifika1997 1845 Encycl. Metrop. XXV. 1031/1 The eastern branch of those whom M. D'Urville has denominated Melanesians. 1851 J. P. Thompson Moral Unity of Human Race 42 The more southern [sc. Micronesian] islands have evidently received some accessions, and some modifications of complexion and character, from the Melanesians on their southern border. 1862 J. C. Patteson Let. 15 Nov. in C. M. Yonge Life J. C. Patteson (1874) II. ix. 20 No less than fifty-seven Melanesians here now from twenty-four islands. 1927 Observer 17 July 6/4 This particular group of Melanesians is almost entirely lacking in the typical institutions of the region, the dual organisation, the avunculate. 1942 National Geographic Mag. June 693/1 Neither France nor Britain took immediate steps to establish sovereignty over it because of the fierce warlike habits of the native Melanesians there. 1991 Sci. News 16 Feb. 111/1 Investigators, focusing on different cranial features, find a weak connection between Tasmanian and Australian aborigines. Instead, they group Tasmanians with Melanesians living on islands northeast of Australia. 2. Any of the languages spoken in Melanesia.The languages in general differ from island to island. Most are classified as non-Austronesian (chiefly Papuan), though some belong to the Eastern Mayalo-Polynesian subgroup of Austronesian. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Austric > [noun] > Austronesian > other Austronesian Moluccas1619 Formosan1704 Sunda1816 Melanesian1849 Sundanese1849 Lifu1852 Bajau1869 Ambonese1875 Acehnese1882 Kiriwinian1916 Tolai1962 Moluccan1977 1849 G. A. Selwyn in S. M. Tucker Mem. (1879) I. 302 The Melanesian (Anaijom) aijeama, we, but not you. 1893 S. H. Ray in 9th Internat. Congr. Orientalists II. 760 Of these, the Misima is the same as the New Guinea Melanesian, whilst the Nada forms..show the pronouns usual as possessive suffixes. 1911 J. London Mauki in South Sea Tales 83 Tambo is Melanesian for taboo, and is first cousin to that Polynesian word. B. adj. 1. Of or relating to Melanesia, its inhabitants, their languages, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > Polynesian, Melanesian, and Micronesian > [adjective] Alfurian1839 Melanesian1849 Austronesian1903 Melanesoid1932 Pasifika1974 the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Pacific Islands > [adjective] > Melanesia Melanesian1849 1849 G. A. Selwyn in S. M. Tucker Mem. (1879) I. 302 The Melanesian dialects. 1855 G. A. Selwyn (title) Letters on the Melanesian mission in 1853. 1887 A. Featherman Social Hist. Races Mankind II. i. 251 The Malayo-Melanesians are the most important branch of the Melanesian stock. 1904 Athenæum 9 Apr. 460/3 Words in this Melanesian language which have cognates in Malay and Malagasy. 1959 E. A. Fisher Introd. Anglo-Saxon Archit. 88 Still earlier in really primitive art, and among some primitive races today, the same idea of showing the inside, the backbone, ribs and internal organs..is found, e.g. in the so-called X-ray drawings of some of the natives of the Melanesian area of the Pacific. 1979 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 17 Nov. 9/4 One is a land of Kava (a disappointing alcoholic drink brought from neighbouring Polynesia) and the sulu, the Melanesian version of the sarong. 1991 Pacific Rev. 4 249 This political acceptance of traditional Melanesian power structures has been enshrined in the constitution. 2. Melanesian Pidgin n. a language spoken in Melanesia, derived from pidgin English but now effectively a creole, comprising three main varieties or dialects (Tok Pisin in Papua New Guinea, Bislama in Vanuatu, and Pijin in the Solomon Islands), and serving as the lingua franca both within and among these communities. Also called Neo-Melanesian. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > a language > [noun] > creole or mixed language patroillart1340 mixed language1592 jargon1643 lingua franca1666 Frank1681 polyglot1715 olla podrida1850 pidgin1869 Creole1871 Mischsprache1930 creolized language1932 Melanesian Pidgin1942 1929 Englische Studien 63 252 (heading) Das Melanische Pidgin-Englisch.] 1942 Newsweek 7 Dec. 40/3 Melanesian pidgin is one of three..jargons derived from English, the others being West African and Chinese [pidgins]. 1967 R. I. McDavid in G. V. Bobrinskoy Lang. & Areas 86 A viable language in its own right—like Melanesian Pidgin. 1990 T. Crowley Beach-la-Mar to Bislama 8 There are some features of the three dialects of Melanesian Pidgin which suggest to the casual observer that they are more different than they really are. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1845
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