median.¹

Brit.

/ˈmiːdɪə/, U.S.

/ˈmidiə/ (in sense 1 also)Brit.

/ˈmeɪdɪə/, U.S.

/ˈmeɪdiə/

Inflections: Plural (in sense 1) mediae Brit.

/ˈmiːdɪiː/,

/ˈmiːdɪʌɪ/,

/ˈmeɪdɪʌɪ/, U.S.

/ˈmidiˌi/,

/ˈmidiˌaɪ/,

/ˈmeɪdiˌaɪ/.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin media.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin media, use as noun of the feminine singular of classical Latin medius middle (see medium n.).In sense 1 probably after post-classical Latin media in Priscian (6th cent.). In Grammatici Latini 2. 20 he describes the voiced stops b , g , and d as mediae (short for litterae mediae ) because they are intermediate in their degree of aspiration (aspiratio ) between the ‘light’ consonants (leves ) and the aspirates (asperae ). This division of consonants is perhaps based on an interpretation of the Hellenistic Greek grammarian, Dionysius Thrax, who classified β , γ , and δ as μέσα (neuter plural of μέσος : see meso- comb. form) in the same sense, in contrast with the ‘smooth’ (ψιλά ) consonants π , ξ , and τ , and the ‘rough’ (δασέα ) ones ϕ , χ , and θ . The division of consonants into ‘rough’ and ‘smooth’ is also found in ancient Greek, but the ‘middle’ category is not documented until Dionysius. It seems, therefore, that the quality of ‘roughness’ in Dionysius and Priscian probably encompasses the modern ideas of both aspiration and voicing: the highest degree of roughness gives rise to what would now be called an aspirate, the medium degree gives a voiced stop, and the absence of any roughness gives an unvoiced stop. In the twofold division found in ancient Greek sources, however, the distinction is probably between aspirated and unaspirated. See E. H. Sturtevant's article in Trans. Amer. Philol. Soc. (1917) 48 49 for an important discussion of Priscian's use of media . In sense 2 after scientific Latin tunica media or membrana media.

1. Phonetics and Linguistics. A voiced stop in ancient Greek; (more widely) a (voiced) unaspirated stop. Cf. medial adj. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > speech sound by manner > [noun] > obstruent > stop > voiced

medial1833

media1841

voice stop1844

middle1871

1841 R. G. Latham Eng. Lang. 103 The Tenues of the Classics..are sharp, the Mediæ flat.

1848 E. Guest in Proc. Philol. Soc. 3 176 1st, the mediæ b, g, d; 2ndly, the tenues p, k, t; and 3rdly, the aspirates.

1890 Conway in Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 11 304 The invention of G to denote the voiced media as distinguished from C.

1917 E. H. Sturtevant in Trans. Amer. Philol. Soc. 48 62 The term media, in its modern use, and the phrase tenuis aspirata are absurd.

1967 H. Andersen (title of Ph.D. thesis, Harvard Univ.) Tenues and mediae in the Slavic languages: a historical investigation.

2006 Trans. Philol. Soc. 104 132 The near-complete lack of suffixes containing a plain media.

2. Anatomy. The middle layer of the wall of a blood vessel or lymphatic vessel.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [noun] > membranes of

gutlet1615

intima1873

media1876

tunica adventitia1890

1857 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (rev. ed.) 95/1 They [sc. arteries]..are formed..of a middle coat, Tunica media seu elastica.]

1876 tr. H. Quincke in tr. H. W. von Ziemssen et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. VI. 411 In many cases aneurism seems to be produced by a primary disease of the media.

1889 J. Leidy Elem. Treat. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 580 The media is composed of transverse muscle-fibres with some elastic fibres.

1970 T. S. Leeson & C. R. Leeson Histol. (ed. 2) 232/1 In the larger [lymphatic] vessels three coats, intima, media, and adventitia, may be distinguished.

1991 Acta Neuropathologica 81 v. 526/2 Concerning the structural changes of the diseased vessels, aneurysmal formation or splitting of media with double barreling was not seen in the arteries with amyloid deposition.

3. Entomology. A principal vein (or either of two principal veins) in the basic pattern of insect wing venation, in the midline of the wing posterior to the radius and anterior to the cubitus.The nomenclature of wing veins, and their numbering, has yet to be fully standardized across all the insect orders.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > wings(s) > nervure

vein1658

nerve1752

venule1806

nervure1817

riba1836

subcosta1852

cubitus1895

media1895

cubit-

1895 J. H. Comstock & A. B. Comstock Man. Study Insects iii. 64 The principal veins of the wing..are termed..the media..and the anal veins... The radius, media, and cubitus are usually branched, and there may be several anal veins.

1938 A. D. Imms Gen. Textbk. Entomol. (ed. 4) 39 The media (M) divides into an anterior media (MA), which is convex and 2-branched.., and a concave posterior media (MP), which is 4-branched.

1994 P. J. Gullan & P. S. Cranston Insects ii. 44/2 All winged insects are believed to share the same groundplan of wing venation consisting of eight veins, named from the anterior to the posterior of the wing as: precosta (PC), costa (C), subcosta (Sc), radius (R), media (M), cubitus (Cu), anal (A) and jugal (J).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

median.²

Brit.

/ˈmiːdɪə/, U.S.

/ˈmidiə/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: English media , medium n..

Etymology: < media, plural of medium n. (compare sense 4d at that entry). Compare mass media n.The use of media with singular agreement and as a singular form with a plural in -s have both been regarded by some as nonstandard and objectionable. Compare:1966 K. Amis in New Statesman 14 Jan. 51/3 The treatment of media as a singular noun..is spreading into the upper cultural strata.

1. The main means of mass communication, esp. newspapers, radio, and television, regarded collectively; the reporters, journalists, etc., working for organizations engaged in such communication. Also, as a count noun: a particular means of mass communication. Cf. medium n. 4d, mass media n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > [noun] > mass communication

medium1911

mass media1923

mass medium1923

media1923

mass communication1927

society > communication > journalism > journal > [noun] > as medium of communication

organ1788

media1923

print media1955

1923 G. Snow in N. T. Praigg Advertising & Selling 240 Mass media represents the most economical way of getting the story over the new and wider market in the least time.

1927 Amer. Speech 3 26 One of the best advertising medias in the middle west.

1959 Albuquerque (New Mexico) Tribune 7 May 2/5 We feel the entertainment media has a monopoly on these available frequencies.

1968 Hobbs (New Mexico) Daily News-Sun 14 Aug. 27/1 The news media's reluctance to clean its own house.

1972 Times 19 July 13/6 Miss Allen seems to be under the impression that the media is confined to newspapers.

1973 ‘R. Macdonald’ Sleeping Beauty i. 9 ‘You from a media?’ ‘No, I'm just a citizen.’

1976 F. Zweig New Acquisitive Society i. v. 53 There is insistence on spontaneity and simplicity of life, decrying..the calculating tactics of political parties and medias.

1982 Times 7 Sept. 4/6 ‘It is important to realise the essential quality of democracy relies on a democratically controlled media,’ he added.

1994 M. Ebon KGB: Death & Rebirth iii. xiii. 142 The term ‘Western special services’ had long been used by Soviet medias as a synonym for foreign intelligence agencies.

2. Computing. A physical object (as a disk, tape cartridge, etc.) used for the storage of data. Cf. medium n. 4e.

ΚΠ

1982 ICL News July 2/5 Media is the means of entry, output, exchange or storage of data handled by the operator and removable from the peripheral. It includes disc packs and cartridges, flexible disc cartridges, magnetic-tapes, autoload collars, tape cassettes, punch cards and printer stationery.

1990 Metals & Minerals July 422/1 The format of the storage material or, as it is often termed, the media, is almost always that of a tape or disc.

1992 UnixWorld Apr. 131 (advt.) The 1 GB CY-2000 optical disk drive saves and restores files at hard disk speed. All on a removable media that protects your data.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

media education n.

ΚΠ

1977 Washington Post 28 Sept. b7/3 Mr. Buhrman, a 1971 alumnus of Shippensburg State College, took a master's in instructional media education from West Chester State College, and is employed by the Washington County Board of Education, where his fiancee is a teacher.

1990 Times Educ. Suppl. 26 Oct. (Review section) r15/5 Media education claims to relate ‘academic knowledge’ to students' existing ‘common sense’ and, in particular, aims for students to question their sense of self.

media elite n.

ΚΠ

1973 Public Opinion Q. 37 580 Media elites have close interpersonal relationships with political elites.

1989 N.Y. Woman Oct. 92/1 Picture Chuck Berry at..the World Financial Center,..duck walking for the country's corporate and media elite.

1993 Coloradoan (Fort Collins) 23 Jan. a10/2 Media elites have coined a politically correct term for it. They call it ‘policy shifting’.

media personality n.

ΚΠ

1955 Amer. Q. 7 340 [Thomas E.] Dewey..learned of the importance of having a dynamic mass-media personality a little too late for his own benefit.]

1977 Washington Post 1 May d1/2 This new bit with the Star has helped Allen complete the circuit and become an incomparable media personality.

1991 Bostonia June 13/3 Whether your aim is to be a topflight marketing executive with a Fortune 500 company, a charismatic media personality, or a dynamic young entrepreneur.., that dream can be yours.

media relations n.

ΚΠ

1974 Public Opinion Q. 38 305 Lindemann..is assuming over-all responsibility for Hofstra's media relations.

1991 Sports Illustr. 19 Aug. 34/2 He was..hired by the White House..to improve the President's media relations.

media-saturated adj.

ΚΠ

1960 World Politics 12 544 Beyond the free information he picks up just by being alive in our media-saturated world, he does not see how acquiring detailed political data will make him better off.

1992 Premiere Sept. 25/2 They're born in the '60s and came of age in the '70s and '80s... They're well-educated, media-saturated, well-traveled young people who are sort of disenfranchised.

C2.

media baron n. a powerful owner of media; spec. one thought to influence public opinion for political or personal ends (see baron n. 2b).

ΚΠ

1970 D. G. Clark & E. R. Hutchison Mass Media & Law p. ix If the flow of ideas is dammed by media barons..then an irreversible trend may be set toward a monolithic, totalitarian state.

1993 New Yorker 18 Oct. 86/3 Ross had achieved international stature as one of the media barons of our age.

media blitz n. media coverage of great thoroughness or intensity, frequently for advertising purposes.

ΚΠ

1973 N.Y. Times 1 Nov. 90/5 The headquarters of..Charles W. Sandaman Jr...announced a step-up in his campaign today..releasing a partial schedule of what it called a ‘long-awaited media blitz’.

1993 Playboy Feb. 3/1 In the midst of a media blitz about the tragedy of Pan Am 103, Contributing Editor Morgan Strong completed a six-month investigation of his own.

media centre n. U.S. a library, frequently in a school, college, etc., offering audio-visual facilities.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > place of education > [noun] > educational institution > library or resource centre

resource centre1944

media centre1970

1970 Jrnl. Higher Educ. 41 493 Collaboration between librarians and audio-visual people is increasing. At the school level [they]..have merged to become media specialists who work in media centers.

1976 Monitor (Texas) 25 Mar. 6 c4 Media center is the ‘now’ name for what used to be the school library... There also is emphasis on audio-visual materials, including tapes of plays, film-strip records, slides and transparencies.

1994 Washington Post 3 July a4/4 Marvin Kalb, director of Harvard University's Joan Shorensteine Barone media center.

media circus n. the media considered as forming a chaotic or unwieldy presence; spec. (an instance of) a mass of journalists gathering to report a major event.

ΚΠ

1972 Sun (Lowell, Mass.) 23 Mar. 7/2 Our presidential primaries..are a media circus, a drain on a candidate's purse and personality.

1999 House Mag. 13 Dec. 6/2 The media circus followed him to India on a ‘gaffe watch’.

media consultant n. a person who advises on the most effective use of the media for public relations, campaigning, etc.

ΚΠ

1966 Demography 3 343 Mr. Robert R. Blake, media consultant in the Ford Foundation, India office.

1995 Guardian 10 Feb. i. 22/4 If necessary, any MP could apply to attend a session run by the Tories' in-house media consultants.

media darling n. a person who is featured frequently (and esp. favourably) in the mass media.

ΚΠ

1977 Washington Post 11 Sept. (Mag.) 5/4 When he was personal photographer to President Ford, David Hume Kennerly was a media darling—and also, it was rumored, Susan Ford's.

1992 D. Morgan Rising in West iii. xxii. 432 The New Jersey Generals and the USFL hoopla had helped him become a media darling.

1994 Impact Oct. 20/2 Royalle has become something of a media darling in the U.S.

media event n. originally U.S. Politics an event which gains extensive (sometimes undue) coverage in the mass media, esp. one staged solely to attract such publicity.

ΚΠ

1972 Guardian 16 May 16/6 McGovern..occasionally stages a ‘media event’ which uses the unwitting people as props for TV news footage.

1978 New Yorker 13 Mar. 3 The ‘media event’, which is no event at all until the network camera crews tramp in to make it so, is one example of the attempt to shape the world to subjective corporate fiat.

1994 Arena Sept. 13/2 Which is why any of those self-consciously unspontaneous media events like Woodstock 2 or Fraser Clark's upcoming über-rave in the Grand Canyon will never be the stuff of pop legend.

media-friendly adj. suitable or attractive for mass media coverage.

ΚΠ

1986 N.Y. Times 8 Sept. c19/2 When the author first addresses the media-friendly pitcher Bill Lee, it is as follows: ‘Mr. Lee, wou-wou-wou-wou-wou..would it be possible..?’

1993 Independent on Sunday 4 Apr. 2/3 Abortion clinics are part of a eugenic conspiracy to produce a modern version of Hitler's master race—in neat, media-friendly soundbites.

media hype n. extravagant or intensive publicity created by or by means of the mass media, esp. out of proportion to the person or thing being publicized.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > [noun] > publicizing > over publicizing

overexposure1966

media hype1975

1975 New Yorker 17 Nov. 55/2 (cartoon caption) Your Media Hype In This Space.

1978 New Statesman 8 Dec. 778/2 His sternest critics recognise that under the media hype there is a first-class brain ticking away.

1992 B. Adams Brought to Book 18 These corporate publishers were only interested in pouring money into the big names, with massive advances and media hype.

media junkie n. (a) a person who is dedicated to perusing the mass media; (b) a celebrity who craves attention from the mass media.

ΚΠ

1983 Washington Post 23 Jan. g7/1 She is, by all reports, a ‘media junkie’. She reads The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Washington Times, USA Today, the Los Angeles Times, Women's Wear [etc.].

1989 ‘C. Roman’ Foreplay xi. 123 The Woodstock field trip that turned into a rally for media junkies.

media man n. a person who sells advertising space; (also) a person professionally involved in the media.

ΚΠ

1955 Public Opinion Q. 19 36 Advertisers are apparently unwilling to grant the total integrity of ‘media men’, as space salesmen are sometimes called.

1974 Listener 28 Feb. 260/1 The impartial experts and media men, rather than the partisans.

1994 Face Oct. 81/2 But this guy wants to get to know me. Or rather he wants to get to know my wallet and all the big bucks my visiting media man must have.

media market n. the geographic or demographic area reached by a specific branch of the media.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > trading conditions > [noun] > supply and demand or market > type of market

free trade1596

home market1680

open market1766

mass market1922

media market1956

vertical market1978

mid-market1993

1956 C. W. Mills Power Elite xiii. 304 The publics become mere media markets: all those exposed to the contents of given mass media.

1966 Media/scope Sept. 132/1 The media-market patterns vary in extent of urbanization, speed of change, direction of change.

1972 N.Y. Times 3 Sept. 22/1 The Democratic nominee..is counting on..a newly chartered jet that will take him to two or three major media markets each day.

1991 N.Y. Times Mag. 27 Oct. 36/5 His heavy press schedule has been stepped up a notch, his swings across the state carefully planned to hit every available media market.

media mix n. the combination of mass media selected, esp. in an advertising campaign, as most likely to achieve maximum impact on the public.

ΚΠ

1960 Public Opinion Q. 24 501 Preoccupied as advertisers and management are with discovering the most efficient media mix, why do researchers always prove that one..medium provides a better solution than others?

1975 N.Y. Times 13 June 57/4 The Radio Advertising Bureau has almost completed what it believes to be ‘the largest media-mix study in advertising history’... A media mix is when more than one advertising medium is used.

1991 M. Scott Nudists may be Encountered 50 For Roy's she gave a hard-used, step-by-step account of the campaign she proposed—market research, target audience, lead-in times, media mix, follow-up.

media person n. a person working in the media.

ΚΠ

1958 Public Opinion Q. 22 115 Cooperation with mass media persons should not be jeopardized by too frequent usage.

1973 New Yorker 16 July 52 The Braves' attendance so far strongly suggests that if Hank should waft the record-breaker during a home game the deed will be witnessed by more mediapersons than Atlantans.

1992 Sunday Times of India 19 Apr. 8/7 Mediapersons found themselves frittering away their energy in this tortuous heat chasing persons in authority for functional facilities.

media room n. a room in which the equipment or media for mass communication (as telephone, fax, computer, etc.) is fitted.

ΚΠ

1977 Washington Post 24 Nov. c5/1 Indeed, future homes will probably be designed with Media Rooms built in.

1995 ‘K. Friedman’ Armadillos & Old Lace ix. 27 The disc jockey..ran the station out of the media room.

media-savvy adj. = media-wise adj. at Derivatives.

ΚΠ

1979 Washington Post 17 June n1/4 The Bellins are a couple for the media-savvy '70s.

1994 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) July 79/1 Both of them, media-savvy to their fingertips, have incorporated this knowledge into their acts.

media scrum n. a short, unscheduled, often disorderly press conference, usually taking place immediately after a significant (esp. political or legal) event or decision, and typically convened by those responsible for or affected by the outcome; (also) the members of the press forming such a conference; = scrum n. 2c.

ΚΠ

1972 Medicine Hat (Alberta) News 14 June 5/1 There remained the problem of facing the cameras and microphones outside the chamber, in the electronic media scrum that commands a much wider audience in the country than the House of Commons does.]

1975 Winnipeg Free Press 8 Nov. (New Leisure Mag.) 15/3 What happens to the daily media scrum if the proceedings are to be broadcast?

1994 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 10 Dec. 2 After fiercely declaring his innocence to the media scrum outside the courthouse, Mr Elliott swept down the steps.

2014 T. Glenn Professional Communications in Public Sector vii. 187 Key messages..are short, simple statements that are written to be read..during a media scrum.

media-shy adj. unwilling to appear in or be covered by the mass media.

ΚΠ

1973 Atlantic Monthly Oct. 64/2 A man who was involved with the Monkees from their conception to demise..is media-shy and insists on remaining anonymous.

1991 Details Dec. 148/1 The normally media-shy star is embarking on a massive press junket this month.

mediaspeak n. the kind of language seen as acceptable to the media, or used by those in the media.

ΚΠ

1983 Washington Post 5 May b17/5 Sherwin also has an ear for fleeting bits of Mediaspeak.

1994 Amer. Spectator Feb. 47/1 Much mediaspeak..suggests that you must be full of computer-age high-tech skills in order to get jobs.

1996 USA Weekend (Electronic ed.) 12 May His Mandarin Chinese is as good as his English, but his mediaspeak is even better... Yahoo!, he tells all who'll listen, will deliver ‘a high number of eyeballs’ to advertisers.

media studies n. (frequently with singular agreement; also occasionally in the singular form as media study) analysis of the mass media; study of the media as an academic discipline.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > broadcasting > [noun] > media

media studies1968

meeja1983

society > education > learning > study > subject or object of study > [noun] > specific subjects

modern languages1605

English1713

Celtic studies1781

religious studies1824

Eng. Lit.1834

polytechnics1850

business administration1852

Eng. Lang.1857

business studies1880

historiography1889

academic1898

peace studies1903

religious education1914

Asian studies1941

religious instruction1960

religious knowledge1961

black studies1968

media studies1968

gender studies1973

society > communication > journalism > journal > [noun] > as medium of communication > study of

media studies1968

1951 Amer. Sociol. Rev. 16 174 Mass media studies have, on the whole, tended to conceive of the audience as a series of discrete individuals.]

1968 Audiovisual Instr. Jan. 12/2 Experience gained in the nascent film study and screen education programs can provide guidelines for media study.

1975 Times Educ. Suppl. 4 Apr. 54 (heading) Stephen Thomas and Brian Thomas on introducing media studies into primary schools.

1977 Gay News 24 Mar. 23/2 Dennis..went to the University of Massachusetts, where he received a BA in media studies.

1994 Daily Tel. 27 Aug. 15/4 It has been an uphill struggle to persuade universities to accept entrants with A-level subjects such as media studies.

media training n. training in how to communicate using mass media; spec. coaching given to public figures or other professionals who do not normally work in the media in how to present themselves and speak effectively on radio, television, etc.

ΚΠ

1960 Audio Visual Communication Rev. 8 No. 5. 35/2 There are also different points of view concerning the location of media training programs within the university or college... The primary emphasis is on the use of media for (a) dissemination of news and general information, (b) advertising and promotion, and (c) entertainment.

1980 Amer. Banker (Nexis) 13 Aug. 4 An example of an excellent banking industry program using media training is the..‘Banking Advisors Program’... 24 bankers,..have been trained and are being used on a nationwide program of interviews with news media.

2018 M. Obama Becoming xvii. 268 I'd never received media training or speech prep.

Derivatives

media-wise adj. having a shrewd understanding of how to interpret or manipulate the media.

ΚΠ

1992 D. Morgan Rising in West iii. xx. 393 To the uninitiated, they often looked less like churches than stages for the media-wise celebrities who were their pastors.

1998 T. Baehr (title) The media-wise family.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	media
释义	median.¹ Brit. /ˈmiːdɪə/, U.S. /ˈmidiə/ (in sense 1 also)Brit. /ˈmeɪdɪə/, U.S. /ˈmeɪdiə/ Inflections: Plural (in sense 1) mediae Brit. /ˈmiːdɪiː/, /ˈmiːdɪʌɪ/, /ˈmeɪdɪʌɪ/, U.S. /ˈmidiˌi/, /ˈmidiˌaɪ/, /ˈmeɪdiˌaɪ/. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin media. Etymology: < post-classical Latin media, use as noun of the feminine singular of classical Latin medius middle (see medium n.).In sense 1 probably after post-classical Latin media in Priscian (6th cent.). In Grammatici Latini 2. 20 he describes the voiced stops b , g , and d as mediae (short for litterae mediae ) because they are intermediate in their degree of aspiration (aspiratio ) between the ‘light’ consonants (leves ) and the aspirates (asperae ). This division of consonants is perhaps based on an interpretation of the Hellenistic Greek grammarian, Dionysius Thrax, who classified β , γ , and δ as μέσα (neuter plural of μέσος : see meso- comb. form) in the same sense, in contrast with the ‘smooth’ (ψιλά ) consonants π , ξ , and τ , and the ‘rough’ (δασέα ) ones ϕ , χ , and θ . The division of consonants into ‘rough’ and ‘smooth’ is also found in ancient Greek, but the ‘middle’ category is not documented until Dionysius. It seems, therefore, that the quality of ‘roughness’ in Dionysius and Priscian probably encompasses the modern ideas of both aspiration and voicing: the highest degree of roughness gives rise to what would now be called an aspirate, the medium degree gives a voiced stop, and the absence of any roughness gives an unvoiced stop. In the twofold division found in ancient Greek sources, however, the distinction is probably between aspirated and unaspirated. See E. H. Sturtevant's article in Trans. Amer. Philol. Soc. (1917) 48 49 for an important discussion of Priscian's use of media . In sense 2 after scientific Latin tunica media or membrana media. 1. Phonetics and Linguistics. A voiced stop in ancient Greek; (more widely) a (voiced) unaspirated stop. Cf. medial adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > speech sound by manner > [noun] > obstruent > stop > voiced medial1833 media1841 voice stop1844 middle1871 1841 R. G. Latham Eng. Lang. 103 The Tenues of the Classics..are sharp, the Mediæ flat. 1848 E. Guest in Proc. Philol. Soc. 3 176 1st, the mediæ b, g, d; 2ndly, the tenues p, k, t; and 3rdly, the aspirates. 1890 Conway in Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 11 304 The invention of G to denote the voiced media as distinguished from C. 1917 E. H. Sturtevant in Trans. Amer. Philol. Soc. 48 62 The term media, in its modern use, and the phrase tenuis aspirata are absurd. 1967 H. Andersen (title of Ph.D. thesis, Harvard Univ.) Tenues and mediae in the Slavic languages: a historical investigation. 2006 Trans. Philol. Soc. 104 132 The near-complete lack of suffixes containing a plain media. 2. Anatomy. The middle layer of the wall of a blood vessel or lymphatic vessel. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [noun] > membranes of gutlet1615 intima1873 media1876 tunica adventitia1890 1857 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (rev. ed.) 95/1 They [sc. arteries]..are formed..of a middle coat, Tunica media seu elastica.] 1876 tr. H. Quincke in tr. H. W. von Ziemssen et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. VI. 411 In many cases aneurism seems to be produced by a primary disease of the media. 1889 J. Leidy Elem. Treat. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 580 The media is composed of transverse muscle-fibres with some elastic fibres. 1970 T. S. Leeson & C. R. Leeson Histol. (ed. 2) 232/1 In the larger [lymphatic] vessels three coats, intima, media, and adventitia, may be distinguished. 1991 Acta Neuropathologica 81 v. 526/2 Concerning the structural changes of the diseased vessels, aneurysmal formation or splitting of media with double barreling was not seen in the arteries with amyloid deposition. 3. Entomology. A principal vein (or either of two principal veins) in the basic pattern of insect wing venation, in the midline of the wing posterior to the radius and anterior to the cubitus.The nomenclature of wing veins, and their numbering, has yet to be fully standardized across all the insect orders. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > wings(s) > nervure vein1658 nerve1752 venule1806 nervure1817 riba1836 subcosta1852 cubitus1895 media1895 cubit- 1895 J. H. Comstock & A. B. Comstock Man. Study Insects iii. 64 The principal veins of the wing..are termed..the media..and the anal veins... The radius, media, and cubitus are usually branched, and there may be several anal veins. 1938 A. D. Imms Gen. Textbk. Entomol. (ed. 4) 39 The media (M) divides into an anterior media (MA), which is convex and 2-branched.., and a concave posterior media (MP), which is 4-branched. 1994 P. J. Gullan & P. S. Cranston Insects ii. 44/2 All winged insects are believed to share the same groundplan of wing venation consisting of eight veins, named from the anterior to the posterior of the wing as: precosta (PC), costa (C), subcosta (Sc), radius (R), media (M), cubitus (Cu), anal (A) and jugal (J). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). median.² Brit. /ˈmiːdɪə/, U.S. /ˈmidiə/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: English media , medium n.. Etymology: < media, plural of medium n. (compare sense 4d at that entry). Compare mass media n.The use of media with singular agreement and as a singular form with a plural in -s have both been regarded by some as nonstandard and objectionable. Compare:1966 K. Amis in New Statesman 14 Jan. 51/3 The treatment of media as a singular noun..is spreading into the upper cultural strata. 1. The main means of mass communication, esp. newspapers, radio, and television, regarded collectively; the reporters, journalists, etc., working for organizations engaged in such communication. Also, as a count noun: a particular means of mass communication. Cf. medium n. 4d, mass media n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > [noun] > mass communication medium1911 mass media1923 mass medium1923 media1923 mass communication1927 society > communication > journalism > journal > [noun] > as medium of communication organ1788 media1923 print media1955 1923 G. Snow in N. T. Praigg Advertising & Selling 240 Mass media represents the most economical way of getting the story over the new and wider market in the least time. 1927 Amer. Speech 3 26 One of the best advertising medias in the middle west. 1959 Albuquerque (New Mexico) Tribune 7 May 2/5 We feel the entertainment media has a monopoly on these available frequencies. 1968 Hobbs (New Mexico) Daily News-Sun 14 Aug. 27/1 The news media's reluctance to clean its own house. 1972 Times 19 July 13/6 Miss Allen seems to be under the impression that the media is confined to newspapers. 1973 ‘R. Macdonald’ Sleeping Beauty i. 9 ‘You from a media?’ ‘No, I'm just a citizen.’ 1976 F. Zweig New Acquisitive Society i. v. 53 There is insistence on spontaneity and simplicity of life, decrying..the calculating tactics of political parties and medias. 1982 Times 7 Sept. 4/6 ‘It is important to realise the essential quality of democracy relies on a democratically controlled media,’ he added. 1994 M. Ebon KGB: Death & Rebirth iii. xiii. 142 The term ‘Western special services’ had long been used by Soviet medias as a synonym for foreign intelligence agencies. 2. Computing. A physical object (as a disk, tape cartridge, etc.) used for the storage of data. Cf. medium n. 4e. ΚΠ 1982 ICL News July 2/5 Media is the means of entry, output, exchange or storage of data handled by the operator and removable from the peripheral. It includes disc packs and cartridges, flexible disc cartridges, magnetic-tapes, autoload collars, tape cassettes, punch cards and printer stationery. 1990 Metals & Minerals July 422/1 The format of the storage material or, as it is often termed, the media, is almost always that of a tape or disc. 1992 UnixWorld Apr. 131 (advt.) The 1 GB CY-2000 optical disk drive saves and restores files at hard disk speed. All on a removable media that protects your data. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. media education n. ΚΠ 1977 Washington Post 28 Sept. b7/3 Mr. Buhrman, a 1971 alumnus of Shippensburg State College, took a master's in instructional media education from West Chester State College, and is employed by the Washington County Board of Education, where his fiancee is a teacher. 1990 Times Educ. Suppl. 26 Oct. (Review section) r15/5 Media education claims to relate ‘academic knowledge’ to students' existing ‘common sense’ and, in particular, aims for students to question their sense of self. media elite n. ΚΠ 1973 Public Opinion Q. 37 580 Media elites have close interpersonal relationships with political elites. 1989 N.Y. Woman Oct. 92/1 Picture Chuck Berry at..the World Financial Center,..duck walking for the country's corporate and media elite. 1993 Coloradoan (Fort Collins) 23 Jan. a10/2 Media elites have coined a politically correct term for it. They call it ‘policy shifting’. media personality n. ΚΠ 1955 Amer. Q. 7 340 [Thomas E.] Dewey..learned of the importance of having a dynamic mass-media personality a little too late for his own benefit.] 1977 Washington Post 1 May d1/2 This new bit with the Star has helped Allen complete the circuit and become an incomparable media personality. 1991 Bostonia June 13/3 Whether your aim is to be a topflight marketing executive with a Fortune 500 company, a charismatic media personality, or a dynamic young entrepreneur.., that dream can be yours. media relations n. ΚΠ 1974 Public Opinion Q. 38 305 Lindemann..is assuming over-all responsibility for Hofstra's media relations. 1991 Sports Illustr. 19 Aug. 34/2 He was..hired by the White House..to improve the President's media relations. b. media-saturated adj. ΚΠ 1960 World Politics 12 544 Beyond the free information he picks up just by being alive in our media-saturated world, he does not see how acquiring detailed political data will make him better off. 1992 Premiere Sept. 25/2 They're born in the '60s and came of age in the '70s and '80s... They're well-educated, media-saturated, well-traveled young people who are sort of disenfranchised. C2. media baron n. a powerful owner of media; spec. one thought to influence public opinion for political or personal ends (see baron n. 2b). ΚΠ 1970 D. G. Clark & E. R. Hutchison Mass Media & Law p. ix If the flow of ideas is dammed by media barons..then an irreversible trend may be set toward a monolithic, totalitarian state. 1993 New Yorker 18 Oct. 86/3 Ross had achieved international stature as one of the media barons of our age. media blitz n. media coverage of great thoroughness or intensity, frequently for advertising purposes. ΚΠ 1973 N.Y. Times 1 Nov. 90/5 The headquarters of..Charles W. Sandaman Jr...announced a step-up in his campaign today..releasing a partial schedule of what it called a ‘long-awaited media blitz’. 1993 Playboy Feb. 3/1 In the midst of a media blitz about the tragedy of Pan Am 103, Contributing Editor Morgan Strong completed a six-month investigation of his own. media centre n. U.S. a library, frequently in a school, college, etc., offering audio-visual facilities. ΘΚΠ society > education > place of education > [noun] > educational institution > library or resource centre resource centre1944 media centre1970 1970 Jrnl. Higher Educ. 41 493 Collaboration between librarians and audio-visual people is increasing. At the school level [they]..have merged to become media specialists who work in media centers. 1976 Monitor (Texas) 25 Mar. 6 c4 Media center is the ‘now’ name for what used to be the school library... There also is emphasis on audio-visual materials, including tapes of plays, film-strip records, slides and transparencies. 1994 Washington Post 3 July a4/4 Marvin Kalb, director of Harvard University's Joan Shorensteine Barone media center. media circus n. the media considered as forming a chaotic or unwieldy presence; spec. (an instance of) a mass of journalists gathering to report a major event. ΚΠ 1972 Sun (Lowell, Mass.) 23 Mar. 7/2 Our presidential primaries..are a media circus, a drain on a candidate's purse and personality. 1999 House Mag. 13 Dec. 6/2 The media circus followed him to India on a ‘gaffe watch’. media consultant n. a person who advises on the most effective use of the media for public relations, campaigning, etc. ΚΠ 1966 Demography 3 343 Mr. Robert R. Blake, media consultant in the Ford Foundation, India office. 1995 Guardian 10 Feb. i. 22/4 If necessary, any MP could apply to attend a session run by the Tories' in-house media consultants. media darling n. a person who is featured frequently (and esp. favourably) in the mass media. ΚΠ 1977 Washington Post 11 Sept. (Mag.) 5/4 When he was personal photographer to President Ford, David Hume Kennerly was a media darling—and also, it was rumored, Susan Ford's. 1992 D. Morgan Rising in West iii. xxii. 432 The New Jersey Generals and the USFL hoopla had helped him become a media darling. 1994 Impact Oct. 20/2 Royalle has become something of a media darling in the U.S. media event n. originally U.S. Politics an event which gains extensive (sometimes undue) coverage in the mass media, esp. one staged solely to attract such publicity. ΚΠ 1972 Guardian 16 May 16/6 McGovern..occasionally stages a ‘media event’ which uses the unwitting people as props for TV news footage. 1978 New Yorker 13 Mar. 3 The ‘media event’, which is no event at all until the network camera crews tramp in to make it so, is one example of the attempt to shape the world to subjective corporate fiat. 1994 Arena Sept. 13/2 Which is why any of those self-consciously unspontaneous media events like Woodstock 2 or Fraser Clark's upcoming über-rave in the Grand Canyon will never be the stuff of pop legend. media-friendly adj. suitable or attractive for mass media coverage. ΚΠ 1986 N.Y. Times 8 Sept. c19/2 When the author first addresses the media-friendly pitcher Bill Lee, it is as follows: ‘Mr. Lee, wou-wou-wou-wou-wou..would it be possible..?’ 1993 Independent on Sunday 4 Apr. 2/3 Abortion clinics are part of a eugenic conspiracy to produce a modern version of Hitler's master race—in neat, media-friendly soundbites. media hype n. extravagant or intensive publicity created by or by means of the mass media, esp. out of proportion to the person or thing being publicized. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > [noun] > publicizing > over publicizing overexposure1966 media hype1975 1975 New Yorker 17 Nov. 55/2 (cartoon caption) Your Media Hype In This Space. 1978 New Statesman 8 Dec. 778/2 His sternest critics recognise that under the media hype there is a first-class brain ticking away. 1992 B. Adams Brought to Book 18 These corporate publishers were only interested in pouring money into the big names, with massive advances and media hype. media junkie n. (a) a person who is dedicated to perusing the mass media; (b) a celebrity who craves attention from the mass media. ΚΠ 1983 Washington Post 23 Jan. g7/1 She is, by all reports, a ‘media junkie’. She reads The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Washington Times, USA Today, the Los Angeles Times, Women's Wear [etc.]. 1989 ‘C. Roman’ Foreplay xi. 123 The Woodstock field trip that turned into a rally for media junkies. media man n. a person who sells advertising space; (also) a person professionally involved in the media. ΚΠ 1955 Public Opinion Q. 19 36 Advertisers are apparently unwilling to grant the total integrity of ‘media men’, as space salesmen are sometimes called. 1974 Listener 28 Feb. 260/1 The impartial experts and media men, rather than the partisans. 1994 Face Oct. 81/2 But this guy wants to get to know me. Or rather he wants to get to know my wallet and all the big bucks my visiting media man must have. media market n. the geographic or demographic area reached by a specific branch of the media. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > trading conditions > [noun] > supply and demand or market > type of market free trade1596 home market1680 open market1766 mass market1922 media market1956 vertical market1978 mid-market1993 1956 C. W. Mills Power Elite xiii. 304 The publics become mere media markets: all those exposed to the contents of given mass media. 1966 Media/scope Sept. 132/1 The media-market patterns vary in extent of urbanization, speed of change, direction of change. 1972 N.Y. Times 3 Sept. 22/1 The Democratic nominee..is counting on..a newly chartered jet that will take him to two or three major media markets each day. 1991 N.Y. Times Mag. 27 Oct. 36/5 His heavy press schedule has been stepped up a notch, his swings across the state carefully planned to hit every available media market. media mix n. the combination of mass media selected, esp. in an advertising campaign, as most likely to achieve maximum impact on the public. ΚΠ 1960 Public Opinion Q. 24 501 Preoccupied as advertisers and management are with discovering the most efficient media mix, why do researchers always prove that one..medium provides a better solution than others? 1975 N.Y. Times 13 June 57/4 The Radio Advertising Bureau has almost completed what it believes to be ‘the largest media-mix study in advertising history’... A media mix is when more than one advertising medium is used. 1991 M. Scott Nudists may be Encountered 50 For Roy's she gave a hard-used, step-by-step account of the campaign she proposed—market research, target audience, lead-in times, media mix, follow-up. media person n. a person working in the media. ΚΠ 1958 Public Opinion Q. 22 115 Cooperation with mass media persons should not be jeopardized by too frequent usage. 1973 New Yorker 16 July 52 The Braves' attendance so far strongly suggests that if Hank should waft the record-breaker during a home game the deed will be witnessed by more mediapersons than Atlantans. 1992 Sunday Times of India 19 Apr. 8/7 Mediapersons found themselves frittering away their energy in this tortuous heat chasing persons in authority for functional facilities. media room n. a room in which the equipment or media for mass communication (as telephone, fax, computer, etc.) is fitted. ΚΠ 1977 Washington Post 24 Nov. c5/1 Indeed, future homes will probably be designed with Media Rooms built in. 1995 ‘K. Friedman’ Armadillos & Old Lace ix. 27 The disc jockey..ran the station out of the media room. media-savvy adj. = media-wise adj. at Derivatives. ΚΠ 1979 Washington Post 17 June n1/4 The Bellins are a couple for the media-savvy '70s. 1994 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) July 79/1 Both of them, media-savvy to their fingertips, have incorporated this knowledge into their acts. media scrum n. a short, unscheduled, often disorderly press conference, usually taking place immediately after a significant (esp. political or legal) event or decision, and typically convened by those responsible for or affected by the outcome; (also) the members of the press forming such a conference; = scrum n. 2c. ΚΠ 1972 Medicine Hat (Alberta) News 14 June 5/1 There remained the problem of facing the cameras and microphones outside the chamber, in the electronic media scrum that commands a much wider audience in the country than the House of Commons does.] 1975 Winnipeg Free Press 8 Nov. (New Leisure Mag.) 15/3 What happens to the daily media scrum if the proceedings are to be broadcast? 1994 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 10 Dec. 2 After fiercely declaring his innocence to the media scrum outside the courthouse, Mr Elliott swept down the steps. 2014 T. Glenn Professional Communications in Public Sector vii. 187 Key messages..are short, simple statements that are written to be read..during a media scrum. media-shy adj. unwilling to appear in or be covered by the mass media. ΚΠ 1973 Atlantic Monthly Oct. 64/2 A man who was involved with the Monkees from their conception to demise..is media-shy and insists on remaining anonymous. 1991 Details Dec. 148/1 The normally media-shy star is embarking on a massive press junket this month. mediaspeak n. the kind of language seen as acceptable to the media, or used by those in the media. ΚΠ 1983 Washington Post 5 May b17/5 Sherwin also has an ear for fleeting bits of Mediaspeak. 1994 Amer. Spectator Feb. 47/1 Much mediaspeak..suggests that you must be full of computer-age high-tech skills in order to get jobs. 1996 USA Weekend (Electronic ed.) 12 May His Mandarin Chinese is as good as his English, but his mediaspeak is even better... Yahoo!, he tells all who'll listen, will deliver ‘a high number of eyeballs’ to advertisers. media studies n. (frequently with singular agreement; also occasionally in the singular form as media study) analysis of the mass media; study of the media as an academic discipline. ΘΚΠ society > communication > broadcasting > [noun] > media media studies1968 meeja1983 society > education > learning > study > subject or object of study > [noun] > specific subjects modern languages1605 English1713 Celtic studies1781 religious studies1824 Eng. Lit.1834 polytechnics1850 business administration1852 Eng. Lang.1857 business studies1880 historiography1889 academic1898 peace studies1903 religious education1914 Asian studies1941 religious instruction1960 religious knowledge1961 black studies1968 media studies1968 gender studies1973 society > communication > journalism > journal > [noun] > as medium of communication > study of media studies1968 1951 Amer. Sociol. Rev. 16 174 Mass media studies have, on the whole, tended to conceive of the audience as a series of discrete individuals.] 1968 Audiovisual Instr. Jan. 12/2 Experience gained in the nascent film study and screen education programs can provide guidelines for media study. 1975 Times Educ. Suppl. 4 Apr. 54 (heading) Stephen Thomas and Brian Thomas on introducing media studies into primary schools. 1977 Gay News 24 Mar. 23/2 Dennis..went to the University of Massachusetts, where he received a BA in media studies. 1994 Daily Tel. 27 Aug. 15/4 It has been an uphill struggle to persuade universities to accept entrants with A-level subjects such as media studies. media training n. training in how to communicate using mass media; spec. coaching given to public figures or other professionals who do not normally work in the media in how to present themselves and speak effectively on radio, television, etc. ΚΠ 1960 Audio Visual Communication Rev. 8 No. 5. 35/2 There are also different points of view concerning the location of media training programs within the university or college... The primary emphasis is on the use of media for (a) dissemination of news and general information, (b) advertising and promotion, and (c) entertainment. 1980 Amer. Banker (Nexis) 13 Aug. 4 An example of an excellent banking industry program using media training is the..‘Banking Advisors Program’... 24 bankers,..have been trained and are being used on a nationwide program of interviews with news media. 2018 M. Obama Becoming xvii. 268 I'd never received media training or speech prep. Derivatives media-wise adj. having a shrewd understanding of how to interpret or manipulate the media. ΚΠ 1992 D. Morgan Rising in West iii. xx. 393 To the uninitiated, they often looked less like churches than stages for the media-wise celebrities who were their pastors. 1998 T. Baehr (title) The media-wise family. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1841n.²1923
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