meestern.

Brit.

/ˈmɪəstə/,

/ˈmiːstə/, U.S.

/ˈmistər/, South African English

/ˈmɪəstə/

Forms: 1700s–1800s meister, 1800s– meester.

Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch meester.

Etymology: < Dutch meester (Dutch regional †meister ) schoolmaster, teacher, (regional) surgeon (see master n.¹ and adj.).

South African.

a. A resident tutor hired by rural families; an itinerant schoolmaster. Also with modifying word, as school-meester. Now historical.

ΚΠ

1798 A. Barnard in Ld. Lindsay Lives of Lindsays (1849) III. 439 Here was another civil schoolmaster, the tutor of the yonge vrow... The good meister gave us some of his private bottle of punch.

1824 W. J. Burchell Trav. II. 114 This meester..(that is; schoolmeester, or schoolmaster) considered it part of his profession..to let every person know the extent of his acquirements.

1829 C. Rose Four Years S. Afr. 254 The Meester deserves a separate notice. The tutor, who teaches the ingenuous youth of Southern Africa, is generally a discharged English soldier, and leads a kind of middle life, a connecting link between the family and the slaves.

1883 M. A. Carey-Hobson Farm in Karoo 186 The Meester's salary is paid in sheep.

1912 F. Bancroft Veldt Dwellers 60 The men were..both educated by the same worthy pedagogue—the broken-down-gentleman school-meester—speaking both the taal and English with equal fluency.

1958 R. E. Lighton Out of Strong 46 ‘It must be a good thing to be on the school committee.’ ‘Not always... It's that way if the other members and the meester are reasonable people.’

1990 Sunday Times (Johannesburg) 25 Mar. 5/3 The..English girl arrives in the village like a blackboard bombshell... But she wins their respect and sparks a romance with their Meester.

b. As a form of address, or in referring to a teacher. Also as a title.

ΚΠ

1943 I. Frack S. Afr. Doctor 107 The farmer is so taken up with his own troubles that he leaves everything to ‘Meester’... The teacher's training is provided free.

1944 ‘Twede in Bevel’ Piet Kolonel 120 ‘Meester’ Cilliers, ex-schoolmaster, was a great find as lecturer.

1980 E. Joubert Poppie Nongena 20 The teacher, Meester Riet, came to school on his bicycle.

1990 C. Laffeaty Far Forbidden Plains 47 It was Meester who taught at the farm school which had been established four years ago.

2. A doctor. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > healer > physician > [noun]

physician?c1225

leecherc1374

practiserc1387

doctora1400

flesh-leecha1400

leechman14..

mediciner?a1425

miria1425

M.D.1425

medicine?c1450

practitioner?1543

minister1559

doc1563

artist1565

medicus1570

medicianera1578

Aesculapius1586

Dra1593

pisspot1592

medician1597

physicianer1598

medicinary1599

pisspot1600

velvet-cap1602

healer1611

Galena1616

physiner1616

clyster1621

clyster-pipe1622

hakim1623

medic1625

practicant1630

medico1647

physicker1649

physicster1689

Aesculapian1694

nim-gimmer1699

pill-monger1706

medical man1784

meester1812

medical1823

pill-gilder1824

therapeutist1830

pill1835

pill roller1843

med1851

pill-peddler1855

therapeutic1858

squirt1859

medicine man1866

pill pusher1879

therapist1886

doser1888

internist1894

pill-shooter1911

whitecoat1911

quack1919

vet1925

1812 A. Plumptre tr. H. Lichtenstein Trav. S. Afr. I. 88 The Dutch ship surgeons are called in the sailor's language meester, (master) and this term, with many others used by the sailors, has been adopted as the language in common use among the colonists.

1958 E. H. Burrows Hist. Med. S. Afr. 19 Apart from the guild surgeons and the doctoren..there were also lesser types of practitioners abroad in the countryside... The operateurs, the itinerant meesters who made a living by removing gravel and operating for cataract or hare-lip.

1972 N. Sapeika in Standard Encycl. Southern Afr. VII. 303 The popularity of patent medicines inland, and the earlier activities of the ‘wonderdoeners’, ‘meesters’, and itinerant ‘doctors’ who travelled among the Trek Boers.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	meester
释义	meestern. Brit. /ˈmɪəstə/, /ˈmiːstə/, U.S. /ˈmistər/, South African English /ˈmɪəstə/ Forms: 1700s–1800s meister, 1800s– meester. Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch meester. Etymology: < Dutch meester (Dutch regional †meister ) schoolmaster, teacher, (regional) surgeon (see master n.¹ and adj.). South African. 1. a. A resident tutor hired by rural families; an itinerant schoolmaster. Also with modifying word, as school-meester. Now historical. ΚΠ 1798 A. Barnard in Ld. Lindsay Lives of Lindsays (1849) III. 439 Here was another civil schoolmaster, the tutor of the yonge vrow... The good meister gave us some of his private bottle of punch. 1824 W. J. Burchell Trav. II. 114 This meester..(that is; schoolmeester, or schoolmaster) considered it part of his profession..to let every person know the extent of his acquirements. 1829 C. Rose Four Years S. Afr. 254 The Meester deserves a separate notice. The tutor, who teaches the ingenuous youth of Southern Africa, is generally a discharged English soldier, and leads a kind of middle life, a connecting link between the family and the slaves. 1883 M. A. Carey-Hobson Farm in Karoo 186 The Meester's salary is paid in sheep. 1912 F. Bancroft Veldt Dwellers 60 The men were..both educated by the same worthy pedagogue—the broken-down-gentleman school-meester—speaking both the taal and English with equal fluency. 1958 R. E. Lighton Out of Strong 46 ‘It must be a good thing to be on the school committee.’ ‘Not always... It's that way if the other members and the meester are reasonable people.’ 1990 Sunday Times (Johannesburg) 25 Mar. 5/3 The..English girl arrives in the village like a blackboard bombshell... But she wins their respect and sparks a romance with their Meester. b. As a form of address, or in referring to a teacher. Also as a title. ΚΠ 1943 I. Frack S. Afr. Doctor 107 The farmer is so taken up with his own troubles that he leaves everything to ‘Meester’... The teacher's training is provided free. 1944 ‘Twede in Bevel’ Piet Kolonel 120 ‘Meester’ Cilliers, ex-schoolmaster, was a great find as lecturer. 1980 E. Joubert Poppie Nongena 20 The teacher, Meester Riet, came to school on his bicycle. 1990 C. Laffeaty Far Forbidden Plains 47 It was Meester who taught at the farm school which had been established four years ago. 2. A doctor. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > healer > physician > [noun] physician?c1225 leecherc1374 practiserc1387 doctora1400 flesh-leecha1400 leechman14.. mediciner?a1425 miria1425 M.D.1425 medicine?c1450 practitioner?1543 minister1559 doc1563 artist1565 medicus1570 medicianera1578 Aesculapius1586 Dra1593 pisspot1592 medician1597 physicianer1598 medicinary1599 pisspot1600 velvet-cap1602 healer1611 Galena1616 physiner1616 clyster1621 clyster-pipe1622 hakim1623 medic1625 practicant1630 medico1647 physicker1649 physicster1689 Aesculapian1694 nim-gimmer1699 pill-monger1706 medical man1784 meester1812 medical1823 pill-gilder1824 therapeutist1830 pill1835 pill roller1843 med1851 pill-peddler1855 therapeutic1858 squirt1859 medicine man1866 pill pusher1879 therapist1886 doser1888 internist1894 pill-shooter1911 whitecoat1911 quack1919 vet1925 1812 A. Plumptre tr. H. Lichtenstein Trav. S. Afr. I. 88 The Dutch ship surgeons are called in the sailor's language meester, (master) and this term, with many others used by the sailors, has been adopted as the language in common use among the colonists. 1958 E. H. Burrows Hist. Med. S. Afr. 19 Apart from the guild surgeons and the doctoren..there were also lesser types of practitioners abroad in the countryside... The operateurs, the itinerant meesters who made a living by removing gravel and operating for cataract or hare-lip. 1972 N. Sapeika in Standard Encycl. Southern Afr. VII. 303 The popularity of patent medicines inland, and the earlier activities of the ‘wonderdoeners’, ‘meesters’, and itinerant ‘doctors’ who travelled among the Trek Boers. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1798
随便看	gendrure gene gene bank gene chip gene cloning gene cluster gene complex gene doping gene drive gene editing gene expression gene family gene flow gene frequency gene gun gene map gene mapping gene mutation gene mutations gene pool gene product gene regulatory protein gene sequence gene sequencing gene silencing