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单词 mechanist
释义

mechanistn.adj.

Brit. /ˈmɛkənɪst/, /ˈmɛkn̩ɪst/, U.S. /ˈmɛkənəst/
Forms: 1600s mechanistes (plural), 1600s– mechanist.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mechanic adj., -ist suffix.
Etymology: < mechan- (in mechanic adj.) + -ist suffix. Compare French mécaniste (noun) physician practising medicine based on the doctrines of mechanism (1687), adherent of philosophical mechanism (1889), (adjective) relating to philosophical mechanism (1875). Compare also mechanism n.
A. n.
1. A person who makes or contrives something; spec. one who constructs or uses machinery. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > [noun] > manual worker > skilled worker or craftsman
wright?a695
craftyeOE
craftimanOE
craftmanc1275
wroughtc1275
master-mana1325
mister mana1325
craftsmana1382
man of craft1389
artificera1393
handcraftman?c1480
handcraftsman1485
mechanic1509
handcrafta1525
handicraftsman1530
artisana1538
handicraftmana1544
handicraft1547
artsman1551
artist1563
mechanician1570
tradesmana1591
mechanical1600
mechanist1606
Daedal?1614
blue apron1629
Daedalus1631
crafter1643
fitter1648
mystery-man1671
toolsman1821
fundi1860
tradie1912
craftspersona1917
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > engineer > [noun]
engineera1500
enginist1579
mechanician1621
mechanic1662
machinist1706
civil engineer1763
mechanist1806
machine-maker1813
1606 Bp. J. King Serm. Sept. 32 They will turne..Princes into mechanistes and artificers.
a1688 R. Cudworth Treat. Eternal & Immutable Morality (1731) iv. ii. 175 The Material Universe, which is the Artifice of God, the Artifice of the best Mechanist.
1718 J. Chamberlayne tr. B. Nieuwentyt Relig. Philosopher I. x. 93 Adapted by Mechanists to other sort of Uses.
1759 S. Johnson Prince of Abissinia I. vi. 36 Having seen what the mechanist had already performed.
a1761 J. Cawthorn Poems (1771) 200 Observing this unlucky railer Was neither mechanist, nor taylor.
1806 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 210 The mechanist could have very little to do with the success of the play.
1852 G. Grote Hist. Greece X. ii. lxxxii. 664 He collected..all the best engineers, mechanists, armourers, artisans, etc., whom Sicily or Italy could furnish.
1964 P. White Let. 13 Mar. (1994) viii. 250 Wendy's [theatrical] sets were most effective in the end, though fiendishly difficult to construct and manage without experienced mechanists.
2. Philosophy. A person who holds a mechanical theory of the universe; spec. an adherent of the doctrine of mechanism (mechanism n. 4).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > [noun] > a doctrine of physical phenomena > one holding > holding mechanical theory
mechanist1668
mechanica1776
mechanicalist1878
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > theoretical scientific philosophy > [noun] > mechanism or mechanistic theory > adherent of
mechanist1668
mechanicist1879
the world > health and disease > healing > healer > physician > [noun] > of specific schools or theoretical standpoints > 17th or 18th century
methodist1640
mechanist1668
iatromathematician1727
mechanica1776
iatromechanic1856
iatromechanician1856
iatrophysicist1889
iatromechanist1943
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > systematic knowledge, science > [noun] > scientist > holding mechanical theory
mechanist1668
mechanizer1834
1668 H. More Divine Dialogues Characters Cuphophron, A zealous..Platonist and Cartesian, or Mechanist.
a1822 P. B. Shelley Def. Poetry in Prose Wks. (1888) II. 28 Poets have been challenged to resign the civic crown to reasoners and mechanists.
1880 (title) A letter on ‘the exact God’. By a mechanist.
1925 C. D. Broad Mind & its Place 43 One feels that the disputes between Mechanists and Vitalists are unsatisfactory.
1931 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. Oct. 137 Those whom their opponents call ‘vitalists’ can see in the relationship an attribute of something living. Those whom their opponents dub ‘mechanists’ can see in the relationship [between association processes and neuronic excitation] a property they attribute to mechanism.
1965 Listener 19 Aug. 286/2 Pain due to emotional disturbance..arises in the mind (or in the brain if you tend to be a mechanist).
1998 Isis 89 75 Here we see the mystic Fludd lecturing the early mechanist Gassendi on the proper use of observational evidence.
3. An expert in or student of mechanics. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > mechanics > [noun] > one versed in
mechanist1704
1704 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World II. ii. 90 Placing their bodies in the aptest postures for their preservation, such as the wisest mechanist cannot correct.
1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 117. ⁋1 The Mechanist will be afraid to assert..the Possibility of tearing down Bulwarks with a Silkworm's thread.
a1774 O. Goldsmith Surv. Exper. Philos. (1776) I. 212 It is called by mechanists the center of gravity.
1809 S. T. Coleridge Friend 30 Nov. 230 One State possesses Chemists, Mechanists, Mechanics of all kinds, Men of Science.
1835 J. Abbott Princ. Hydraul. Engine 126 Mechanist, one acquainted with the laws of mechanics.
1855 F. Bowen Princ. Metaphysical & Ethical Sci. 75 What is meant, then, when we speak of the success of the physical inquirer,—the chemist, the meteorologist, or the mechanist, for instance,—in pointing out the causes of material phenomena?
B. adj.
Of or relating to mechanism (mechanism n. 4); inclining towards or advocating mechanism.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > theoretical scientific philosophy > [adjective] > relating to mechanism
mechanical1653
mechanic1662
mechanist1868
mechanico-physical1890
mechanistic1893
mechanicist1986
1868 N. Amer. Rev. Oct. 382 Among biologists two great tendencies exist, which find expression in what may be designated as the mechanist and the vitalist theories.
1916 Jrnl. Philos., Psychol. & Sci. Methods 13 159 The essentially mechanist world of science.
1919 G. B. Shaw Heartbreak House Pref. in Heartbreak House, Great Catherine, & Playlets of War p. xv Their mechanist theory taught them that medicine was the business of the chemist's laboratory, and surgery of the carpenter's shop.
1977 A. Sheridan tr. J. Lacan Écrits vi. 180 I would dare to lump together, if I may say so, all the positions, whether they are mechanist or dynamist.
1998 E. Davis TechGnosis (1999) xi. 324 Our phenomenological experience of both these calculating devices [sc. the Internet and the human brain] can never be entirely reduced to mechanist explanations.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.1606
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