mechanicsn.

Brit.

/mᵻˈkanɪks/, U.S.

/məˈkænɪks/

Forms: 1600s mechaniques, 1600s–1700s mechanicks, 1700s– mechanics.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion; perhaps modelled on a Greek lexical item. Etymon: mechanic adj.

Etymology: < mechanic adj. (after physics n., mathematics n., etc., or Hellenistic Greek or Byzantine Greek μηχανικά (in the title of the Mechanics attributed to Aristotle): see -ic suffix 2). Compare Italian †le mecaniche (a1537) and French †les mécaniques (1634, in a translation of Galileo), and, with singular form and grammatical agreement, Spanish mecánica (1490 in form mechanica), Portuguese mecânica (16th cent.), Italian meccanica (a1519, Leonardo da Vinci), Middle French mécanique (1559; French mécanique), German Mechanik (17th cent.), Danish mekanik, Swedish mekanik (1697), Dutch mechanica (18th cent.).In most European languages, the usual word for the discipline is singular in form and grammatical agreement; for variation with plural forms, compare ancient Greek μηχανική (feminine singular; shortened < μηχανικὴ τέχνη ) in Aristotle beside Hellenistic Greek or Byzantine Greek μηχανικά (neuter plural) in pseudo-Aristotle, and post-classical Latin mechanica (feminine singular) mechanical science (4th cent., shortened < ars mechanica ) beside homographic classical Latin mechanica (neuter plural) mechanical devices (2nd cent. a.d.), and see the discussion s.v. -ic suffix 2. The English form in -s was probably reinforced by Galileo's use of the Italian plural in his influential work Delle Meccaniche (1593).

1. With singular or (occasionally) plural agreement: (a) the body of theoretical and practical knowledge concerned with the invention and construction of machines, the explanation of their operation, and the calculation of their efficiency; mechanical engineering; (b) the branch of applied mathematics that deals with the motion and equilibrium of bodies and the action of forces, and includes kinematics, dynamics, and statics. Now often distinguished as classical mechanics (as opposed to quantum mechanics).analytical, celestial, continuum, fluid, matrix, rational, rock, soil, statistical mechanics: see the first element. See also quantum mechanics n., wave mechanics n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > mechanics > [noun]

mechanics1612

the world > relative properties > number > mathematics > [noun] > theories or branches of

menadry1570

pure mathematics1605

mechanics1612

residuation1846

chaos theory1880

number theory1901

formalism1913

intuitionism1913

replacement theory1914

biomathematics1923

proof theory1929

finitism1935

mereology1938

combinatorics1941

cryptarithmetic1943

game theory1945

numerical analysis1946

queueing theory1951

constructivism1959

complexity1963

catastrophe theory1971

chaology1985

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > [noun] > science or knowledge of

mechanicals1605

mechanics1612

1612 S. Sturtevant Metallica iv. 51 First the Mechanick Art, secondly the Instruments and meanes, thirdly the worke of the art, made by those Instruments, and meanes, are all called Mechanicks.

1648 Bp. J. Wilkins Math. Magick i. ii. 12 Astronomy handles the quantity of heavenly motions, Musick of sounds, and Mechanicks of weights and powers.

1671 R. Boyle Of Vsefulnesse Mech. Discipl. 1 in Some Consid. Vsefulnesse Exper. Nat. Philos. II I do not here take the Term Mechanicks in that stricter and more proper sense, wherein tis wont to be taken, when tis us'd onely to signifie the Doctrine about the Moving Powers (as the Beam, the Leaver, the Screws, and the Wedg,) and of framing Engines to multiply Force; but I here understand the word Mechanicks in a larger sense, for those Disciplines that consist of the Applications of pure Mathematicks to produce or modifie Motion in inferior Bodies.

1729 A. Motte tr. I. Newton Math. Princ. Nat. Philos. I. p. vii The ancients considered Mechanics in a twofold respect; as rational, which proceeds accurately by demonstration, and practical.

1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives II. 375 The first that turned their thoughts to mechanics..were Eudoxus and Archytas.

1828 O. Gregory Hutton's Course Math. (ed. 9) II. 139 Mechanics is the science of equilibrium and of motion.

1876 C. P. Mason Eng. Gram. (ed. 21) 117 (To borrow a metaphor from mechanics) the adjective is a static attribute, the verb is a dynamic attribute.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 396/1 The reaping-machine..is the most striking example of the application of mechanics to agriculture.

1933 A. W. Barton Text Bk. Heat ix. 200 Maxwell's law of distribution of velocities among the molecules follows merely from the application of the principles of classical mechanics to a system consisting of a very large number of particles.

1939 Fortune Oct. 13 (advt.) Latest additions to the Mimeograph family... Both are an engineer's idea of putting mechanics to work for a purpose.

1978 Sci. Amer. Feb. 131/3 The strict determinism of classical mechanics is abandoned in the quantum theory.

1994 P. Theroux Translating LA iii. 62 I thought it remarkable that a churchy housewife, even a New Age one,..would have this detailed knowledge of mechanics.

†2. Manual labours or activities. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > work > [noun] > manual work

handcraftOE

craftworkOE

handworkOE

manual labour?1406

handworking?a1425

manoeuvre1479

hand labour1517

handiwork1525

handicrafta1535

manuary1581

mechanic1605

manufacture1625

arm labour1677

mechanics1726

hag1797

hag-work1841

1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iv. x. 160 I shall not trouble the Reader with a particular Description of my own Mechanicks; let it suffice to say, that in six Weeks Time..I finished a sort of Indian Canoo.

3. concrete. The working parts of a mechanical apparatus; mechanism.

ΚΠ

1822 Times 16 Jan. 3/2 The great incident of the attack on the whale was beyond the mechanics of ‘Old Drury’; but it lives in the description of Claud Halero.

1857 Harper's Mag. Nov. 781/1 If they understand astronomy enough to know when the sun rises, and philosophy sufficient to comprehend the mechanics of a sewing-machine, they need seek no science beyond.

1961 Webster's 3rd New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) Knows the mechanics of the lathe intimately.

1975 Hi-Fi Answers Feb. 36/3 The deck mechanics are sound in design and construction but it is the arm that captures public attention on the Zero-100.

1982 S. Cooper Black Fire i. 57 He..was impressed with the sophistication of the ship's mechanics once airborne.

1995 Independent 17 Mar. 37 Compare and contrast London's much more modest Tower Bridge, opened four years later, with its mechanics cloaked in the stonework of a French chateau.

4. In extended use: the procedural or operational details (of something).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > [noun] > system or way of proceeding > a particular > details of

clockwork1618

mechanics1850

1850 R. H. Dana Poems & Prose Writings II. 196 When language, and verse, and all the mechanics of art are appropriated to turning out modified expressions and forms of the thoughts and images of other minds [etc.].

1867 Mining Jrnl. 28 Dec. 904/2 The science of Atomechanics, or Chemistry considered as the Mechanics of the Panatoms.

1925 E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) ii. 172 This fact is fundamentally important for the mechanics of mitosis.

1930 Writer Sept. 265/2 Is the playwright perpetually making references in his dialogue to the mechanics of his craft?

1940 Punch 10 Apr. 407/3 It is a pity the mechanics of the story take up so much of the time.

1974 Nature 22 Mar. 280/3 Speakers at current meetings in the field generally give little information on how their results are actually obtained, that is, the pure mechanics of the business.

1986 Pract. Gardening Dec. 40/1 Fill in with foliage so the ‘mechanics’ (such as the Oasis) can't be seen.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mechanics
释义	mechanicsn. Brit. /mᵻˈkanɪks/, U.S. /məˈkænɪks/ Forms: 1600s mechaniques, 1600s–1700s mechanicks, 1700s– mechanics. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion; perhaps modelled on a Greek lexical item. Etymon: mechanic adj. Etymology: < mechanic adj. (after physics n., mathematics n., etc., or Hellenistic Greek or Byzantine Greek μηχανικά (in the title of the Mechanics attributed to Aristotle): see -ic suffix 2). Compare Italian †le mecaniche (a1537) and French †les mécaniques (1634, in a translation of Galileo), and, with singular form and grammatical agreement, Spanish mecánica (1490 in form mechanica), Portuguese mecânica (16th cent.), Italian meccanica (a1519, Leonardo da Vinci), Middle French mécanique (1559; French mécanique), German Mechanik (17th cent.), Danish mekanik, Swedish mekanik (1697), Dutch mechanica (18th cent.).In most European languages, the usual word for the discipline is singular in form and grammatical agreement; for variation with plural forms, compare ancient Greek μηχανική (feminine singular; shortened < μηχανικὴ τέχνη ) in Aristotle beside Hellenistic Greek or Byzantine Greek μηχανικά (neuter plural) in pseudo-Aristotle, and post-classical Latin mechanica (feminine singular) mechanical science (4th cent., shortened < ars mechanica ) beside homographic classical Latin mechanica (neuter plural) mechanical devices (2nd cent. a.d.), and see the discussion s.v. -ic suffix 2. The English form in -s was probably reinforced by Galileo's use of the Italian plural in his influential work Delle Meccaniche (1593). 1. With singular or (occasionally) plural agreement: (a) the body of theoretical and practical knowledge concerned with the invention and construction of machines, the explanation of their operation, and the calculation of their efficiency; mechanical engineering; (b) the branch of applied mathematics that deals with the motion and equilibrium of bodies and the action of forces, and includes kinematics, dynamics, and statics. Now often distinguished as classical mechanics (as opposed to quantum mechanics).analytical, celestial, continuum, fluid, matrix, rational, rock, soil, statistical mechanics: see the first element. See also quantum mechanics n., wave mechanics n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > mechanics > [noun] mechanics1612 the world > relative properties > number > mathematics > [noun] > theories or branches of menadry1570 pure mathematics1605 mechanics1612 residuation1846 chaos theory1880 number theory1901 formalism1913 intuitionism1913 replacement theory1914 biomathematics1923 proof theory1929 finitism1935 mereology1938 combinatorics1941 cryptarithmetic1943 game theory1945 numerical analysis1946 queueing theory1951 constructivism1959 complexity1963 catastrophe theory1971 chaology1985 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > [noun] > science or knowledge of mechanicals1605 mechanics1612 1612 S. Sturtevant Metallica iv. 51 First the Mechanick Art, secondly the Instruments and meanes, thirdly the worke of the art, made by those Instruments, and meanes, are all called Mechanicks. 1648 Bp. J. Wilkins Math. Magick i. ii. 12 Astronomy handles the quantity of heavenly motions, Musick of sounds, and Mechanicks of weights and powers. 1671 R. Boyle Of Vsefulnesse Mech. Discipl. 1 in Some Consid. Vsefulnesse Exper. Nat. Philos. II I do not here take the Term Mechanicks in that stricter and more proper sense, wherein tis wont to be taken, when tis us'd onely to signifie the Doctrine about the Moving Powers (as the Beam, the Leaver, the Screws, and the Wedg,) and of framing Engines to multiply Force; but I here understand the word Mechanicks in a larger sense, for those Disciplines that consist of the Applications of pure Mathematicks to produce or modifie Motion in inferior Bodies. 1729 A. Motte tr. I. Newton Math. Princ. Nat. Philos. I. p. vii The ancients considered Mechanics in a twofold respect; as rational, which proceeds accurately by demonstration, and practical. 1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives II. 375 The first that turned their thoughts to mechanics..were Eudoxus and Archytas. 1828 O. Gregory Hutton's Course Math. (ed. 9) II. 139 Mechanics is the science of equilibrium and of motion. 1876 C. P. Mason Eng. Gram. (ed. 21) 117 (To borrow a metaphor from mechanics) the adjective is a static attribute, the verb is a dynamic attribute. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 396/1 The reaping-machine..is the most striking example of the application of mechanics to agriculture. 1933 A. W. Barton Text Bk. Heat ix. 200 Maxwell's law of distribution of velocities among the molecules follows merely from the application of the principles of classical mechanics to a system consisting of a very large number of particles. 1939 Fortune Oct. 13 (advt.) Latest additions to the Mimeograph family... Both are an engineer's idea of putting mechanics to work for a purpose. 1978 Sci. Amer. Feb. 131/3 The strict determinism of classical mechanics is abandoned in the quantum theory. 1994 P. Theroux Translating LA iii. 62 I thought it remarkable that a churchy housewife, even a New Age one,..would have this detailed knowledge of mechanics. †2. Manual labours or activities. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > work > [noun] > manual work handcraftOE craftworkOE handworkOE manual labour?1406 handworking?a1425 manoeuvre1479 hand labour1517 handiwork1525 handicrafta1535 manuary1581 mechanic1605 manufacture1625 arm labour1677 mechanics1726 hag1797 hag-work1841 1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iv. x. 160 I shall not trouble the Reader with a particular Description of my own Mechanicks; let it suffice to say, that in six Weeks Time..I finished a sort of Indian Canoo. 3. concrete. The working parts of a mechanical apparatus; mechanism. ΚΠ 1822 Times 16 Jan. 3/2 The great incident of the attack on the whale was beyond the mechanics of ‘Old Drury’; but it lives in the description of Claud Halero. 1857 Harper's Mag. Nov. 781/1 If they understand astronomy enough to know when the sun rises, and philosophy sufficient to comprehend the mechanics of a sewing-machine, they need seek no science beyond. 1961 Webster's 3rd New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) Knows the mechanics of the lathe intimately. 1975 Hi-Fi Answers Feb. 36/3 The deck mechanics are sound in design and construction but it is the arm that captures public attention on the Zero-100. 1982 S. Cooper Black Fire i. 57 He..was impressed with the sophistication of the ship's mechanics once airborne. 1995 Independent 17 Mar. 37 Compare and contrast London's much more modest Tower Bridge, opened four years later, with its mechanics cloaked in the stonework of a French chateau. 4. In extended use: the procedural or operational details (of something). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > [noun] > system or way of proceeding > a particular > details of clockwork1618 mechanics1850 1850 R. H. Dana Poems & Prose Writings II. 196 When language, and verse, and all the mechanics of art are appropriated to turning out modified expressions and forms of the thoughts and images of other minds [etc.]. 1867 Mining Jrnl. 28 Dec. 904/2 The science of Atomechanics, or Chemistry considered as the Mechanics of the Panatoms. 1925 E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) ii. 172 This fact is fundamentally important for the mechanics of mitosis. 1930 Writer Sept. 265/2 Is the playwright perpetually making references in his dialogue to the mechanics of his craft? 1940 Punch 10 Apr. 407/3 It is a pity the mechanics of the story take up so much of the time. 1974 Nature 22 Mar. 280/3 Speakers at current meetings in the field generally give little information on how their results are actually obtained, that is, the pure mechanics of the business. 1986 Pract. Gardening Dec. 40/1 Fill in with foliage so the ‘mechanics’ (such as the Oasis) can't be seen. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1612
随便看	rhapsodises rhapsodising rhapsodism rhapsodist rhapsodists rhapsodize rhapsodized rhapsodizes rhapsodizing rhapsodomancy rhapsody rhasophoria rhatanies rhatany rhatany root rhathymia rhe rhea rhea nettle rhea plant rhea sister rheadic rheadine rheagenine rheas