martagonn.

Brit.

/ˈmɑːtəɡ(ə)n/, U.S.

/ˈmɑrdəɡən/

Forms: late Middle English mortagone, late Middle English montagone (transmission error), late Middle English–1500s mortagon, 1500s martegon, 1500s mortegon, 1500s– martagon, 1600s martagan, 1600s martigon.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin martagon.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin martagon silphium (1267 in a British source), mortagon martagon lily (a1500 in a British source), of uncertain origin. Compare Middle French martagon (late 14th cent.), Italian martagone (1561; 1494 as martagon), Spanish martagón (1555), and Ottoman Turkish mārtağān, glossed by J. W. Redhouse (a1892) as ‘1. Name of a special form of turban adopted by Sultan Muhammed 1...Hence, 2. The martagon lily’, and now obsoleteThe date of the first attestation in Latin implies a pre-Ottoman origin; Mehmet I reigned 1413–21, and so Redhouse's ‘hence’ cannot stand as the explanation of the plant name. The existence of the Turkish word is suggestive, however, as are the synonym Turk's cap n., the association made in quot. 1597 at sense 1, and the analogy with tulip n.

1. More fully martagon lily. Any of certain lilies with strongly reflexed perianth segments (also called Turk's-cap lily); spec. a lily of this group with dull purple-red flowers, Lilium martagon, native to Europe (but perhaps only naturalized in Britain) and widely grown in gardens. Also (North American), more fully marsh martagon: the swamp lily, Lilium superbum.scarlet martagon: see scarlet adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > lily and allied flowers > lilies

lily971

lily-flower1340

martagon1440

delucea1450

red lily1531

purple lily1578

mountain lily1597

gold lily1629

Turk's cap1672

turn-cap1688

Juno's rose1706

orange lily1731

Canada lily1771

Japan lily1813

tiger-lily1824

Annunciation lily1853

Easter lily1860

golden-rayed lily1865

scarlet martagon1867

Japanese lily1870

Madonna lily1877

Bermuda lily1882

thimble lily1883

panther lily1884

triplet lily1884

turban-lily1884

Mary-lily1893

tiger1901

leopard lily1902

lilium1902

swamp lily1902

Washington lily1911

Shasta lily1915

regal lily1916

regale1920

Oregon lily1925

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 344 Mortagone [?a1475 Winch. Mortagon], herbe, herba Martis.

?c1450 in Anglia (1896) 18 316 Mortulaca and mortagon, Of swiche an erbe name is on.

a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) 1056 Herbis..as..Verbayn, Lunarye, and Mortagon.

?1550 tr. J. de Vigo Lytell Practyce xxxviii. B iij b The powdre of Mortegon.

1597 J. Gerard Herball i. 152 The Lillie of Constantinople is called likewise in England Martagon of Constantinople.

1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole iv. 9 The Martagons, both white and red, both blush and yellow, that require to be set by them-selues apart.

a1637 B. Jonson Sad Shepherd ii. viii. 46 in Wks. (1640) III The stupifying Hemlock! Adders tongue! And Martagan!

1737 P. Collinson in W. Darlington Memorials J. Bartram & H. Marshall (1849) 97 The Marsh Martagon is going to flower very strongly.

1773 H. Walpole Let. 29 May I send you two martagon roots.

1785 M. Cutler in Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 1 433 Martagon. Curl-flowered lily. Blossoms yellow, spotted with black... Very common in the state of Rhode-Island. July–August.

1824 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening (ed. 2) 842 The Canadian, Pomponian, and Philadelphian martagons are somewhat tender.

1900 W. Robinson Eng. Flower Garden (ed. 8) 638/2 The white Martagon Lily is one of the most distinct of the family.

1950 J. E. Lousley Wild Flowers of Chalk & Limestone x. 139 Across the Wye the Martagon Lily, Lilium martagon, grows in hundreds in coppiced woodland.

1994 Times 23 Apr. (Weekend section) 18/1 Its elegant, reflexed six-petal flowers..give it the appearance of a miniature martagon or Turk's cap lily.

†2. The plant twayblade, Listera ovata. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > orchids

satyrionOE

bollockwort?a1300

sanicle14..

bollock?a1425

martagon1548

orchis1559

dogstones1562

hare's-ballocks1562

stone1562

bollock grass1578

dog's cods1578

dog's cullions1578

double-leaf1578

fly-orchis1578

goat's cullions1578

goat's orchis1578

priest's pintle1578

twayblade1578

bee-orchis1597

bifoil1597

bird's nest1597

bird's orchis1597

butterfly orchis1597

fenny-stones1597

gelded satyrion1597

gnat satyrion1597

humble-bee orchis1597

lady's slipper1597

sweet ballocks1597

two-blade1605

cullions1611

bee-flower1626

fly-flower1640

man orchis1670

musk orchis1670

moccasin flower1680

gnat-flower1688

faham tea1728

Ophrys1754

green man orchis1762

Arethusa1764

honey flower1771

cypripedium1775

rattlesnake plantain1778

Venus's slipper1785

Adam and Eve1789

lizard orchis179.

epidendrum1791

Pogonia?1801

Vanda1801

cymbidium1815

Oncidium1822

putty-root1822

Noah's Ark1826

yellow moccasin1826

gongora1827

cattleya1828

green man1828

nervine1828

stanhopea1829

dove-flower1831

catasetum1836

Odontoglossum1836

Miltonia1837

letter plant1838

spread eagle1838

letter-leaf1839

swan-plant1841

orchid1843

disa1844

masdevallia1845

Phalaenopsis1846

faham1850

Indian crocus1850

moccasin plant1850

pleione1851

dove orchis1852

nerve root1854

Holy Ghost flower1862

basket-plant1865

lizard's tongue1866

mousetail1866

Sobralia1866

swan-neck1866

swanwort1866

Indian shoe1876

odontoglot1879

wreathewort1879

moth orchid1880

rattlesnake orchid1881

dendrobe1882

dove-plant1882

Madeira orchis1882

man orchis1882

swan-flower1884

slipper-orchid1885

slipper orchis1889

mayflower1894

scorpion orchid1897

moederkappie1910

dove orchid1918

monkey orchid1925

man orchid1927

1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. H.iij^v Martagon is an herbe wyth two leaues onely, one of ech syde. It groweth in many places of Englande in watery middowes and in woddes.

†3. Perhaps: the plant silphium (silphium n. 1). Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1560 tr. Albertus Magnus' Bk. Secretes i. sig. Aviii This herbe with a certain other herbe, which is named Martegon, that is Silphion..it openeth all lockes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	martagon
释义	martagonn. Brit. /ˈmɑːtəɡ(ə)n/, U.S. /ˈmɑrdəɡən/ Forms: late Middle English mortagone, late Middle English montagone (transmission error), late Middle English–1500s mortagon, 1500s martegon, 1500s mortegon, 1500s– martagon, 1600s martagan, 1600s martigon. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin martagon. Etymology: < post-classical Latin martagon silphium (1267 in a British source), mortagon martagon lily (a1500 in a British source), of uncertain origin. Compare Middle French martagon (late 14th cent.), Italian martagone (1561; 1494 as martagon), Spanish martagón (1555), and Ottoman Turkish mārtağān, glossed by J. W. Redhouse (a1892) as ‘1. Name of a special form of turban adopted by Sultan Muhammed 1...Hence, 2. The martagon lily’, and now obsoleteThe date of the first attestation in Latin implies a pre-Ottoman origin; Mehmet I reigned 1413–21, and so Redhouse's ‘hence’ cannot stand as the explanation of the plant name. The existence of the Turkish word is suggestive, however, as are the synonym Turk's cap n., the association made in quot. 1597 at sense 1, and the analogy with tulip n. 1. More fully martagon lily. Any of certain lilies with strongly reflexed perianth segments (also called Turk's-cap lily); spec. a lily of this group with dull purple-red flowers, Lilium martagon, native to Europe (but perhaps only naturalized in Britain) and widely grown in gardens. Also (North American), more fully marsh martagon: the swamp lily, Lilium superbum.scarlet martagon: see scarlet adj. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > lily and allied flowers > lilies lily971 lily-flower1340 martagon1440 delucea1450 red lily1531 purple lily1578 mountain lily1597 gold lily1629 Turk's cap1672 turn-cap1688 Juno's rose1706 orange lily1731 Canada lily1771 Japan lily1813 tiger-lily1824 Annunciation lily1853 Easter lily1860 golden-rayed lily1865 scarlet martagon1867 Japanese lily1870 Madonna lily1877 Bermuda lily1882 thimble lily1883 panther lily1884 triplet lily1884 turban-lily1884 Mary-lily1893 tiger1901 leopard lily1902 lilium1902 swamp lily1902 Washington lily1911 Shasta lily1915 regal lily1916 regale1920 Oregon lily1925 Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 344 Mortagone [?a1475 Winch. Mortagon], herbe, herba Martis. ?c1450 in Anglia (1896) 18 316 Mortulaca and mortagon, Of swiche an erbe name is on. a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) 1056 Herbis..as..Verbayn, Lunarye, and Mortagon. ?1550 tr. J. de Vigo Lytell Practyce xxxviii. B iij b The powdre of Mortegon. 1597 J. Gerard Herball i. 152 The Lillie of Constantinople is called likewise in England Martagon of Constantinople. 1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole iv. 9 The Martagons, both white and red, both blush and yellow, that require to be set by them-selues apart. a1637 B. Jonson Sad Shepherd ii. viii. 46 in Wks. (1640) III The stupifying Hemlock! Adders tongue! And Martagan! View more context for this quotation 1737 P. Collinson in W. Darlington Memorials J. Bartram & H. Marshall (1849) 97 The Marsh Martagon is going to flower very strongly. 1773 H. Walpole Let. 29 May I send you two martagon roots. 1785 M. Cutler in Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 1 433 Martagon. Curl-flowered lily. Blossoms yellow, spotted with black... Very common in the state of Rhode-Island. July–August. 1824 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening (ed. 2) 842 The Canadian, Pomponian, and Philadelphian martagons are somewhat tender. 1900 W. Robinson Eng. Flower Garden (ed. 8) 638/2 The white Martagon Lily is one of the most distinct of the family. 1950 J. E. Lousley Wild Flowers of Chalk & Limestone x. 139 Across the Wye the Martagon Lily, Lilium martagon, grows in hundreds in coppiced woodland. 1994 Times 23 Apr. (Weekend section) 18/1 Its elegant, reflexed six-petal flowers..give it the appearance of a miniature martagon or Turk's cap lily. †2. The plant twayblade, Listera ovata. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > orchids satyrionOE bollockwort?a1300 sanicle14.. bollock?a1425 martagon1548 orchis1559 dogstones1562 hare's-ballocks1562 stone1562 bollock grass1578 dog's cods1578 dog's cullions1578 double-leaf1578 fly-orchis1578 goat's cullions1578 goat's orchis1578 priest's pintle1578 twayblade1578 bee-orchis1597 bifoil1597 bird's nest1597 bird's orchis1597 butterfly orchis1597 fenny-stones1597 gelded satyrion1597 gnat satyrion1597 humble-bee orchis1597 lady's slipper1597 sweet ballocks1597 two-blade1605 cullions1611 bee-flower1626 fly-flower1640 man orchis1670 musk orchis1670 moccasin flower1680 gnat-flower1688 faham tea1728 Ophrys1754 green man orchis1762 Arethusa1764 honey flower1771 cypripedium1775 rattlesnake plantain1778 Venus's slipper1785 Adam and Eve1789 lizard orchis179. epidendrum1791 Pogonia?1801 Vanda1801 cymbidium1815 Oncidium1822 putty-root1822 Noah's Ark1826 yellow moccasin1826 gongora1827 cattleya1828 green man1828 nervine1828 stanhopea1829 dove-flower1831 catasetum1836 Odontoglossum1836 Miltonia1837 letter plant1838 spread eagle1838 letter-leaf1839 swan-plant1841 orchid1843 disa1844 masdevallia1845 Phalaenopsis1846 faham1850 Indian crocus1850 moccasin plant1850 pleione1851 dove orchis1852 nerve root1854 Holy Ghost flower1862 basket-plant1865 lizard's tongue1866 mousetail1866 Sobralia1866 swan-neck1866 swanwort1866 Indian shoe1876 odontoglot1879 wreathewort1879 moth orchid1880 rattlesnake orchid1881 dendrobe1882 dove-plant1882 Madeira orchis1882 man orchis1882 swan-flower1884 slipper-orchid1885 slipper orchis1889 mayflower1894 scorpion orchid1897 moederkappie1910 dove orchid1918 monkey orchid1925 man orchid1927 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. H.iij^v Martagon is an herbe wyth two leaues onely, one of ech syde. It groweth in many places of Englande in watery middowes and in woddes. †3. Perhaps: the plant silphium (silphium n. 1). Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1560 tr. Albertus Magnus' Bk. Secretes i. sig. Aviii This herbe with a certain other herbe, which is named Martegon, that is Silphion..it openeth all lockes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1440
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