matfellonn.

Brit.

/ˈmatfɛlən/, U.S.

/ˈmætˌfɛl(ə)n/

Forms: Middle English madefelon, Middle English madefeloun, Middle English madefelun, Middle English maidefelon, Middle English matefelum, Middle English matefelun, Middle English matefelune, Middle English matfelon, Middle English matfelonn, Middle English matfeloun, Middle English mathefoloun, Middle English maudefelon, Middle English maudefeloun, late Middle English madfeloun, late Middle English maidfeloun, late Middle English matefelon, late Middle English matefeloun, late Middle English materfelowne, late Middle English mathostelon (transmission error), late Middle English matifoun (transmission error), late Middle English mattefeloun, late Middle English matyfylon, late Middle English maudefelun, late Middle English metfoln, 1500s materfillon, 1500s materfilon, 1500s matfillon, 1500s matrefillon, 1500s– matfellon, 1800s matfellow, 1900s– Matte Felon (historical). N.E.D. (1905) also records forms late Middle English matfelone, late Middle English mathfelonn, late Middle English mattefelon.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French madefelun, matefelon.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman madefelun, matefeloun, mathfeloun and Old French (Normandy) matefelon, matfelun (14th cent. in insular sources, end of 13th cent. in continental sources; also 15th cent. in Middle French) < mater mate v.¹ + felon felon n.², named from the supposed curative properties of the plant. Compare French regional (Normandy) marfenou, mat-de-fenou, ma-de-foulon, marfoulon, marfran, morflon (all in C. Joret, Flore Populaire de la Normandie (1887) 118).Earlier use of the word as a surname is attested in:1212 Curia Regis Rolls (1932) VI. 195 Henricus Mattefelun.1230 in Publ. Pipe Roll Soc. (1927) IV. 100 Ricardus Matefelun. Recorded in Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v., from Yorkshire only.

Now English regional and historical.

Any of several kinds of knapweed, spec. hardhead knapweed, Centaurea nigra (also black matfellon) and greater knapweed, Centaurea scabiosa.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > weed > [noun] > knapweed

ironhardOE

matfellon?a1300

hardhawa1400

bull-weeda1450

club-weeda1500

knapweed1530

crop-weed1597

hardhead1610

horse-knop1691

horse-knob1724

buttonweed1760

knobweed1785

ironweed1808

knotweed1827

ironhead1863

?a1300 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 144 [Iacea] alba et nigra, anglice madefeloun.

a1400 J. Mirfield Sinonoma Bartholomei (1882) 24 Jacia nigra, matfelonn.

?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh.) (1950) 166 (MED) Iasia nigra is an herbe þat men clepe matfeloun [v.rr. madfeloun, maudefelun, maidfeloun] or bollewed or hyrnehard or cnopwourte.

c1465 Care of Horses (Yale Beinecke 163) f. 52^v Giff hym drynke made in this wyse take a galon of welle water and cast in-to an hanfull of salt and iij hanfulle of Metfoln.

?a1500 in G. Henslow Med. Wks. 14th Cent. (1899) 45 (MED) For þe felon. Take matfelon and flouris of gold-wort.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. lxxiii. 109 The fourth is now called on Shoppes Iacea nigra, and Materfilon: and it hath none other name knowen vnto vs.

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 588 Matfellon or blacke Knapweede is doubtlesse a kind of Scabious.

1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) ii. ccxlix. 727 The third kinde of Matfellon, or Knapweed is very like vnto the former great Knapweed..sauing that the floures of this plant are of an excellent faire yellow colour.

1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 469 We call it in English Bullweede, and Knapweede, as also Matfellon.

1724 J. J. Dillenius Ray's Synopsis Methodica Stirpium Brit. (ed. 3) 198 Jacea major..Great Knapweed or Matfellon.

1758 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) III. 507 Matfellon and figwort flourish here remarkably.

1766 Museum Rusticum 6 451 Common, or Black Knapweed, Matfellon, Black Matfellon, or Bulweed.

1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. 124 Centaurea Jacea, common knapweed or matfellow [sic].

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 724/2 Matfellon, Centaurea nigra.

1931 M. Grieve Mod. Herbal II. 456/2 This larger species [sc. Centaurea scabiosa] was in olden times called ‘Matte Felon’, from its use in curing felons or whitlows.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	matfellon
释义	matfellonn. Brit. /ˈmatfɛlən/, U.S. /ˈmætˌfɛl(ə)n/ Forms: Middle English madefelon, Middle English madefeloun, Middle English madefelun, Middle English maidefelon, Middle English matefelum, Middle English matefelun, Middle English matefelune, Middle English matfelon, Middle English matfelonn, Middle English matfeloun, Middle English mathefoloun, Middle English maudefelon, Middle English maudefeloun, late Middle English madfeloun, late Middle English maidfeloun, late Middle English matefelon, late Middle English matefeloun, late Middle English materfelowne, late Middle English mathostelon (transmission error), late Middle English matifoun (transmission error), late Middle English mattefeloun, late Middle English matyfylon, late Middle English maudefelun, late Middle English metfoln, 1500s materfillon, 1500s materfilon, 1500s matfillon, 1500s matrefillon, 1500s– matfellon, 1800s matfellow, 1900s– Matte Felon (historical). N.E.D. (1905) also records forms late Middle English matfelone, late Middle English mathfelonn, late Middle English mattefelon. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French madefelun, matefelon. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman madefelun, matefeloun, mathfeloun and Old French (Normandy) matefelon, matfelun (14th cent. in insular sources, end of 13th cent. in continental sources; also 15th cent. in Middle French) < mater mate v.¹ + felon felon n.², named from the supposed curative properties of the plant. Compare French regional (Normandy) marfenou, mat-de-fenou, ma-de-foulon, marfoulon, marfran, morflon (all in C. Joret, Flore Populaire de la Normandie (1887) 118).Earlier use of the word as a surname is attested in:1212 Curia Regis Rolls (1932) VI. 195 Henricus Mattefelun.1230 in Publ. Pipe Roll Soc. (1927) IV. 100 Ricardus Matefelun. Recorded in Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v., from Yorkshire only. Now English regional and historical. Any of several kinds of knapweed, spec. hardhead knapweed, Centaurea nigra (also black matfellon) and greater knapweed, Centaurea scabiosa. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > weed > [noun] > knapweed ironhardOE matfellon?a1300 hardhawa1400 bull-weeda1450 club-weeda1500 knapweed1530 crop-weed1597 hardhead1610 horse-knop1691 horse-knob1724 buttonweed1760 knobweed1785 ironweed1808 knotweed1827 ironhead1863 ?a1300 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 144 [Iacea] alba et nigra, anglice madefeloun. a1400 J. Mirfield Sinonoma Bartholomei (1882) 24 Jacia nigra, matfelonn. ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh.) (1950) 166 (MED) Iasia nigra is an herbe þat men clepe matfeloun [v.rr. madfeloun, maudefelun, maidfeloun] or bollewed or hyrnehard or cnopwourte. c1465 Care of Horses (Yale Beinecke 163) f. 52^v Giff hym drynke made in this wyse take a galon of welle water and cast in-to an hanfull of salt and iij hanfulle of Metfoln. ?a1500 in G. Henslow Med. Wks. 14th Cent. (1899) 45 (MED) For þe felon. Take matfelon and flouris of gold-wort. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. lxxiii. 109 The fourth is now called on Shoppes Iacea nigra, and Materfilon: and it hath none other name knowen vnto vs. 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 588 Matfellon or blacke Knapweede is doubtlesse a kind of Scabious. 1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) ii. ccxlix. 727 The third kinde of Matfellon, or Knapweed is very like vnto the former great Knapweed..sauing that the floures of this plant are of an excellent faire yellow colour. 1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 469 We call it in English Bullweede, and Knapweede, as also Matfellon. 1724 J. J. Dillenius Ray's Synopsis Methodica Stirpium Brit. (ed. 3) 198 Jacea major..Great Knapweed or Matfellon. 1758 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) III. 507 Matfellon and figwort flourish here remarkably. 1766 Museum Rusticum 6 451 Common, or Black Knapweed, Matfellon, Black Matfellon, or Bulweed. 1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. 124 Centaurea Jacea, common knapweed or matfellow [sic]. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 724/2 Matfellon, Centaurea nigra. 1931 M. Grieve Mod. Herbal II. 456/2 This larger species [sc. Centaurea scabiosa] was in olden times called ‘Matte Felon’, from its use in curing felons or whitlows. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1300
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