† melancholiann.adj.

Forms: Middle English malancolien, Middle English malencolen, Middle English malencolien, Middle English melancolien, 1600s melancholian.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French malancolien.

Etymology: < Old French malancolien (1279 in the passage translated in quot. 1340 at sense A.) < malancolie melancholy n.¹ + -en -an suffix. Compare Middle Dutch melancolien, melancolijn.

Obsolete.

A. n.

A melancholiac.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [noun] > one of melancholy constitution

melancholian1340

melancholic1594

melancholist1599

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [noun] > one affected by melancholy

melancholicc1460

melancholist1600

melancholian1632

melancholy1654

the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill humour > [noun] > ill-humoured person

moroso1592

melancholian1681

splenetic1703

bear1876

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 157 Þe dyeuel..asayleþ..þane fleumatike mid glotonye and be sleauþe, þane melancolien [Fr. malancoliens] mid enuie and mid zorȝe.

c1450 (c1400) Bk. Vices & Virtues (Huntington) (1942) 156 He saileþ..þe colereke of wraþ and cunteke..Þe malencolen of enuye and anger of herte.

a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 219 Mr. James, being a melancholian of constitution, falls in a heavie disease, quhilk resolved in a melancolius dysenterie.

1632 tr. G. Bruele Praxis Medicinæ 102 Melancholians feare much and are sad.

1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem ii. 20 Sanguinians did only laff, Cholerick Melancholians chaff.

a1695 J. Scott Pract. Disc. (1697) I. i. 20 You may observe in the Modern Stories of our Religious Melancholians, that they commonly pass out of one Passion into another.

B. adj.

1. Suffering from melancholy; given to causeless anger; melancholic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill humour > [adjective]

moodyc1300

distemprec1374

melancholiana1393

solein1399

darkc1440

gloomingc1440

girning1447

melancholyc1450

tetrical1528

tetric1533

distemperate1548

morose1565

sullen1570

stunt1581

humorous1590

gloomya1593

muddy1592

clum1599

dortya1605

humoursome1607

distempereda1616

musty1620

grum1640

agelastic1666

fusty1668

purdy1668

ill-humoured1693

gurly1721

mumpish1721

sunking1724

tetricous1727

sumphish1728

stunkard1737

sulky1744

muggard1746

farouche1765

sombrea1767

glumpy1780

glumpish1800

tiffy1810

splenitive1815

stuffy1825

liverish1828

troglodytish1866

glummy1884

humpy1889

scowly1951

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. 33 (MED) Mi Sone, schrif thee now forthi: Hast thou be Malencolien?

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. 241 He which, Malencolien, Of pacience hath no lien, Wherof his wraththe he mai restreigne.

2. Medieval Medicine. Of the sun or moon: in such a position as to favour the formation of black bile.

ΚΠ

a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 86 (MED) Whenne þou wyl gyf medicyn, wete þou yn what tokenynge þe sonne ys..ffor if it be yn tokenynge coleryk, It byhouys þanne to make more scharpe þe medicyn; And yn þe tokenynge malencolien, mekyll more.

a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 87 (MED) It ys besily to loke whether þe mone be in tokenynge coleryke or fleumatyke or malencolien.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	melancholian
释义	† melancholiann.adj. Forms: Middle English malancolien, Middle English malencolen, Middle English malencolien, Middle English melancolien, 1600s melancholian. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French malancolien. Etymology: < Old French malancolien (1279 in the passage translated in quot. 1340 at sense A.) < malancolie melancholy n.¹ + -en -an suffix. Compare Middle Dutch melancolien, melancolijn. Obsolete. A. n. A melancholiac. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [noun] > one of melancholy constitution melancholian1340 melancholic1594 melancholist1599 the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [noun] > one affected by melancholy melancholicc1460 melancholist1600 melancholian1632 melancholy1654 the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill humour > [noun] > ill-humoured person moroso1592 melancholian1681 splenetic1703 bear1876 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 157 Þe dyeuel..asayleþ..þane fleumatike mid glotonye and be sleauþe, þane melancolien [Fr. malancoliens] mid enuie and mid zorȝe. c1450 (c1400) Bk. Vices & Virtues (Huntington) (1942) 156 He saileþ..þe colereke of wraþ and cunteke..Þe malencolen of enuye and anger of herte. a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 219 Mr. James, being a melancholian of constitution, falls in a heavie disease, quhilk resolved in a melancolius dysenterie. 1632 tr. G. Bruele Praxis Medicinæ 102 Melancholians feare much and are sad. 1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem ii. 20 Sanguinians did only laff, Cholerick Melancholians chaff. a1695 J. Scott Pract. Disc. (1697) I. i. 20 You may observe in the Modern Stories of our Religious Melancholians, that they commonly pass out of one Passion into another. B. adj. 1. Suffering from melancholy; given to causeless anger; melancholic. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill humour > [adjective] moodyc1300 distemprec1374 melancholiana1393 solein1399 darkc1440 gloomingc1440 girning1447 melancholyc1450 tetrical1528 tetric1533 distemperate1548 morose1565 sullen1570 stunt1581 humorous1590 gloomya1593 muddy1592 clum1599 dortya1605 humoursome1607 distempereda1616 musty1620 grum1640 agelastic1666 fusty1668 purdy1668 ill-humoured1693 gurly1721 mumpish1721 sunking1724 tetricous1727 sumphish1728 stunkard1737 sulky1744 muggard1746 farouche1765 sombrea1767 glumpy1780 glumpish1800 tiffy1810 splenitive1815 stuffy1825 liverish1828 troglodytish1866 glummy1884 humpy1889 scowly1951 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. 33 (MED) Mi Sone, schrif thee now forthi: Hast thou be Malencolien? a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. 241 He which, Malencolien, Of pacience hath no lien, Wherof his wraththe he mai restreigne. 2. Medieval Medicine. Of the sun or moon: in such a position as to favour the formation of black bile. ΚΠ a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 86 (MED) Whenne þou wyl gyf medicyn, wete þou yn what tokenynge þe sonne ys..ffor if it be yn tokenynge coleryk, It byhouys þanne to make more scharpe þe medicyn; And yn þe tokenynge malencolien, mekyll more. a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 87 (MED) It ys besily to loke whether þe mone be in tokenynge coleryke or fleumatyke or malencolien. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.adj.1340
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