marquisen.

Brit.

/mɑːˈkiːz/, U.S.

/mɑrˈkiz/

Forms: 1600s markees, 1600s– marquise, 1700s marquis.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French marquise.

Etymology: < French marquise marchioness (c1393 in Middle French), feminine form corresponding to marquis marquis n.¹ (replacing earlier marchise , 13th cent. in Old French); used of various objects and fashions regarded as elegant or pleasing, hence: a kind of pear (1690), a canopy placed over a tent (1718; compare marquee n.), a type of settee (1770), a canopy in front of a building (1835), a ring with an elongated stone or setting, a diamond cut as a navette (late 19th cent.), a style of woman's hat (1889). Compare earlier marquisess n., marchioness n., and marquis n.¹ 3.Compare post-classical Latin marchisa , marchisia (12th cent. in British and continental sources). It is uncertain whether the form marquis in quot. 1788 at sense 3a shows an error for marquise , or an otherwise unrecorded use of marquis n.¹ in the same sense (compare marquee n.).

1. A marchioness.In continental Europe corresponding to marquis n.¹ 1; in Britain and Ireland corresponding to marquis n.¹ 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > marquis or marchioness > [noun] > marchioness > foreign

marquise1653

marquesina1768

marchesa1797

marquesa1832

1653 D. Osborne Let. 10 July (1903) 120 What a sad story you tell me of the little Marquise. Poor woman!

1671 H. Herbert Narr. in Camden Misc. (1990) XXX. 301 I was..invited to supp with the Markees lady in her castle.

1748 S. Richardson Clarissa IV. xxxiv. 201 To take advantage of the marquise's situation, between her husband's jealousy, and his sister's arrogance.

1799 C. T. Smith What is She? ii. iii. 26 Did you see my little Marquise at Cheltenham?

1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair li. 460 It is Mrs. Rawdon Crawley in powder and patches, the most ravissante little Marquise in the world.

1865 M. E. Braddon Sir Jasper xxvi The..Marquise, in her wine-dark violet dress.

1894 Nation (N.Y.) 30 Aug. 160/1 She anticipates not only the French marquise of the last century, but even more our American great ladies.

a1902 F. Norris Pit (1903) vi. 213 As she would have done it if she had been acting the part on the stage, with an air, with all the nonchalance of a marquise.

1937 D. L. Sayers Busman's Honeymoon i. 23 The Dowager is a darling, like a small eighteenth-century marquise, but the Duchess looked a tartar.

1990 C. Paglia Sexual Personae xv. 402 I suspect, in fact, that the marquise sojourns in London for most of the story because she is taking transfusions from English Romantic imagination.

†2. A variety of pear. Cf. marchioness n. 2, marquis n.¹ 4a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > pear > other types of

calewey1377

honey peara1400

pome-pear1440

pome-wardena1513

choke-pear1530

muscadel1555

worry pear1562

lording1573

bon-chrétienc1575

Burgundian pear1578

king pear1585

pound pear1585

poppering1597

wood of Jerusalem1597

muscadine1598

amiot1600

bergamot1600

butter pear1600

dew-pear1600

greening1600

mollart1600

roset1600

wax pear1600

bottle pear1601

gourd-pear1601

Venerian pear1601

musk pear1611

rose pear1611

pusill1615

Christian1629

nutmeg1629

rolling pear1629

surreine1629

sweater1629

amber pear1638

Venus-pear1648

horse-pear1657

Martin1658

russet1658

rousselet1660

diego1664

frith-pear1664

maudlin1664

Messire Jean1664

primate1664

sovereign1664

spindle-pear1664

stopple-pear1664

sugar-pear1664

virgin1664

Windsor pear1664

violet-pear1666

nonsuch1674

muscat1675

burnt-cat1676

squash pear1676

rose1678

Longueville1681

maiden-heart1685

ambrette1686

vermilion1691

admiral1693

sanguinole1693

satin1693

St. Germain pear1693

pounder pear1697

vine-pear1704

amadot1706

marchioness1706

marquise1706

Margaret1707

short-neck1707

musk1708

burree1719

marquis1728

union pear1728

Doyenne pear1731

Magdalene1731

beurré1736

colmar1736

Monsieur Jean1736

muscadella1736

swan's egg1736

chaumontel1755

St Michael's pear1796

Williams1807

Marie Louise1817

seckel1817

Bartlett1828

vergaloo1828

Passe Colmar1837

glou-morceau1859

London sugar1860

snow-pear1860

Comice1866

Kieffer pear1880

sand pear1880

sandy pear1884

snowy pear1884

1706 tr. F. Gentil Solitary or Carthusian Gard'ner i. vii. 18 The Marquise is a large Pear..a little sloping towards the Stalk.

1736 Compl. Family-piece ii. iii. 334 These [Nov.] Pears; Martin Sec,..Sucrevert, la Marquise.

1875 R. Hogg Fruit Man. (ed. 4) 479 Marquise (Marquise d'Hiver; Marquis Pear; Marchioness).

†a. = marquee n. 1. Also (occasionally) Military: the inner layer or lining of a marquee. Obsolete (historical in later use).

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > tent > [noun] > other types of tent

tenticle1548

pal1656

marquee1690

gourbi1738

marquise1749

yurt1780

bell-tent1785

kibitka1799

shuldari1808

fly-tent1816

Swiss cottage1820

skin house1826

big tent1843

ridge tent1846

brush tent1862

dog tent1862

shelter tent1862

wall-tent1862

wedge tent1862

pup tent1863

A tent1863

tupik1864

tentlet1879

choom1889

pyramid1889

tortoise tent1890

safari tent1926

tent-sack1940

tent-trailer1963

tepee1970

trailer tent1971

Whillans box1971

society > armed hostility > military organization > logistics > quartering > [noun] > encamping > officer's tent

principiums1591

praetorium1600

marquee1690

marquise1749

1749 J. Cleland Mem. Woman of Pleasure II. 201 The pavilion..open'd into a tent..that with its Marquise, form'd a pleasing defence against the sun.

1783 in M. D. Conway Life T. Paine (1892) I. 197 The tables were spread under a marquise or tent.

1788 F. Grose Mil. Antiq. II. Descr. Plates 2 A field-officer's tent or marquis. The word marquis and tent are promiscuously used, though strictly speaking they are different things; the internal part commonly made of ticking, the marquis; the external covering, canvas.

1792 J. Fennell Rev. Proc. at Paris 187 A great marquise was erected on the east side of the altar.

1859 J. McDonald in L. R. Masson Les Bourgeois de la Compagnie du Nord-Ouest (1890) 2nd Ser. 31 I had a very large marquise with ropes extending around in which I received the chiefs.

b. Architecture. A permanent canopy projecting over the entrance of a hotel, theatre, etc. Cf. marquee n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [noun] > penthouse

penthousea1400

house-pentice1614

pent1754

marquise1891

1891 tr. J. Adeline Art Dict. 251/2 The term marquise is applied to a light roof which projects from the façade of a building. It is generally placed over a flight of steps. On the outside of theatres marquises of considerable length are not infrequently to be seen. Almost invariably they have a glass roof.

1904 B. von Hutten Pam v. i. 237 A moment later, she stood in the door, under the little ‘marquise’.

1924 ‘L. Malet’ Dogs of Want i. 7 [She] stood under the glass marquise, at the top of the flight of steps.

1930 A. Bennett Imperial Palace vii. 28 On the steps under the marquise she took off her cloak.

2003 K. A. Morrison Eng. Shops & Shopping ix. 177/1 One crucial innovation of the 1930s was the continuous cantilevered canopy or marquise.

a. A ring set with a pointed oval gem or cluster of gems. Also more fully marquise ring.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > ring > [noun] > other types of ring

kine-ringc1225

pontificala1500

hoop-ring1545

death's head1577

ring of remembrance1659

serjeant's ring1690

garter-ring1709

bath-ring1771

solitaire1832

regard ring1853

key ring1856

bodylet1870

portrait ring1877

tower-ring1877

whistle-ring1877

marquise1885

princess-ring1886

dinner ring1890

cluster ring1897

eternity ring1939

1885 Cassell's Encycl. Dict. IV. ii Marquise-ring.

1896 Westm. Gaz. 30 Jan. 5/3 Other witnesses deposed to as to the promise of a marquise ring.

1903 Westm. Gaz. 10 Dec. 4/2 A marquise formed of a single diamond, or a single sapphire, or a single ruby, is, of course,..not very usual.

1911 E. M. Dell Way of Eagle xii. 93 An old marquise ring of rubies.

1994 N.Y. Mag. 22 Aug. 29/2 The engagement ring is a marquise.

b. = navette n.² Frequently attributive.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > [adjective] > cut into facets > specific

tabled?1578

spread1676

table-cut1688

star-cut1704

tallow-drop1798

table-faced1853

tallow-cut1855

tallow-topped1865

marquise1903

scissor-cut1935

princess cut1961

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > [noun] > cut in specific style

table1530

cardiace1601

star-cut1815

rose cut1820

tallow-top1881

navette1908

baguette1926

marquise1945

1903 W. R. Cattelle Precious Stones vi. 66 The ‘marquise’ rose, and..the ‘pendeloque’ rose, both having twenty-four facets.

1945 A. Selwyn Retail Jeweller's Handbk. xv. 217 Fancy shapes, such as the three-cornered, the marquise or navette.., the pear-shaped..or pendeloque, make unusual jewels, and are generally suggested by the natural form of the diamond itself.

1965 J. Y. Dickinson Bk. Diamonds iii. 63 The marquise and oval cuts are elongated to fit the finger better.

1994 Sunday Tel. 24 Apr. 28/1 The vast diamond ring..her own design of two hearts set each side of a marquise central stone.

2001 N. Weinstock As long as she needs Me 81 They were ovals, they were pears, they were emeralds and baguettes, marquises and round brilliants.

5. A style of woman's hat. Frequently attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > shape, style, or fashion of > types of

marquise1896

halo1899

1896 in S. Pakenham Sixty Miles from Eng. (1967) xii. 155 A marquise straw, trimmed with a few yellow roses.

1930 Daily Express 6 Oct. 5/2 The ‘Marquise’ cap is new. This one is of velvet—with a tiny wisp of very transparent tulle over one eye.

6. A type of small settee suitable for two people.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > seat > sofa or couch > [noun] > for two persons

conversation-chair1793

confidante1794

sociable1811

causeuse1844

love seat1847

tête-à-tête1864

cosy1876

two-seater1891

marquise1904

1904 E. Singleton French & Eng. Furnit. 208 Several arm-chairs of a new shape appear. One, usually placed by the hearth near the fire, is of the ‘gondola’ form... They began to take the name of fauteuil de bergère or marquise.

1972 N. Apra Louis Styles 10 The small divan made for two, often called a tête-à-tête, was also referred to as a marquise.

1984 New Yorker 16 Jan. 61/2 (advt.) The marquise is Louis XVI, the fabric is Brunschwig.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	marquise
释义	marquisen. Brit. /mɑːˈkiːz/, U.S. /mɑrˈkiz/ Forms: 1600s markees, 1600s– marquise, 1700s marquis. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French marquise. Etymology: < French marquise marchioness (c1393 in Middle French), feminine form corresponding to marquis marquis n.¹ (replacing earlier marchise , 13th cent. in Old French); used of various objects and fashions regarded as elegant or pleasing, hence: a kind of pear (1690), a canopy placed over a tent (1718; compare marquee n.), a type of settee (1770), a canopy in front of a building (1835), a ring with an elongated stone or setting, a diamond cut as a navette (late 19th cent.), a style of woman's hat (1889). Compare earlier marquisess n., marchioness n., and marquis n.¹ 3.Compare post-classical Latin marchisa , marchisia (12th cent. in British and continental sources). It is uncertain whether the form marquis in quot. 1788 at sense 3a shows an error for marquise , or an otherwise unrecorded use of marquis n.¹ in the same sense (compare marquee n.). 1. A marchioness.In continental Europe corresponding to marquis n.¹ 1; in Britain and Ireland corresponding to marquis n.¹ 2. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > marquis or marchioness > [noun] > marchioness > foreign marquise1653 marquesina1768 marchesa1797 marquesa1832 1653 D. Osborne Let. 10 July (1903) 120 What a sad story you tell me of the little Marquise. Poor woman! 1671 H. Herbert Narr. in Camden Misc. (1990) XXX. 301 I was..invited to supp with the Markees lady in her castle. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa IV. xxxiv. 201 To take advantage of the marquise's situation, between her husband's jealousy, and his sister's arrogance. 1799 C. T. Smith What is She? ii. iii. 26 Did you see my little Marquise at Cheltenham? 1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair li. 460 It is Mrs. Rawdon Crawley in powder and patches, the most ravissante little Marquise in the world. 1865 M. E. Braddon Sir Jasper xxvi The..Marquise, in her wine-dark violet dress. 1894 Nation (N.Y.) 30 Aug. 160/1 She anticipates not only the French marquise of the last century, but even more our American great ladies. a1902 F. Norris Pit (1903) vi. 213 As she would have done it if she had been acting the part on the stage, with an air, with all the nonchalance of a marquise. 1937 D. L. Sayers Busman's Honeymoon i. 23 The Dowager is a darling, like a small eighteenth-century marquise, but the Duchess looked a tartar. 1990 C. Paglia Sexual Personae xv. 402 I suspect, in fact, that the marquise sojourns in London for most of the story because she is taking transfusions from English Romantic imagination. †2. A variety of pear. Cf. marchioness n. 2, marquis n.¹ 4a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > pear > other types of calewey1377 honey peara1400 pome-pear1440 pome-wardena1513 choke-pear1530 muscadel1555 worry pear1562 lording1573 bon-chrétienc1575 Burgundian pear1578 king pear1585 pound pear1585 poppering1597 wood of Jerusalem1597 muscadine1598 amiot1600 bergamot1600 butter pear1600 dew-pear1600 greening1600 mollart1600 roset1600 wax pear1600 bottle pear1601 gourd-pear1601 Venerian pear1601 musk pear1611 rose pear1611 pusill1615 Christian1629 nutmeg1629 rolling pear1629 surreine1629 sweater1629 amber pear1638 Venus-pear1648 horse-pear1657 Martin1658 russet1658 rousselet1660 diego1664 frith-pear1664 maudlin1664 Messire Jean1664 primate1664 sovereign1664 spindle-pear1664 stopple-pear1664 sugar-pear1664 virgin1664 Windsor pear1664 violet-pear1666 nonsuch1674 muscat1675 burnt-cat1676 squash pear1676 rose1678 Longueville1681 maiden-heart1685 ambrette1686 vermilion1691 admiral1693 sanguinole1693 satin1693 St. Germain pear1693 pounder pear1697 vine-pear1704 amadot1706 marchioness1706 marquise1706 Margaret1707 short-neck1707 musk1708 burree1719 marquis1728 union pear1728 Doyenne pear1731 Magdalene1731 beurré1736 colmar1736 Monsieur Jean1736 muscadella1736 swan's egg1736 chaumontel1755 St Michael's pear1796 Williams1807 Marie Louise1817 seckel1817 Bartlett1828 vergaloo1828 Passe Colmar1837 glou-morceau1859 London sugar1860 snow-pear1860 Comice1866 Kieffer pear1880 sand pear1880 sandy pear1884 snowy pear1884 1706 tr. F. Gentil Solitary or Carthusian Gard'ner i. vii. 18 The Marquise is a large Pear..a little sloping towards the Stalk. 1736 Compl. Family-piece ii. iii. 334 These [Nov.] Pears; Martin Sec,..Sucrevert, la Marquise. 1875 R. Hogg Fruit Man. (ed. 4) 479 Marquise (Marquise d'Hiver; Marquis Pear; Marchioness). 3. †a. = marquee n. 1. Also (occasionally) Military: the inner layer or lining of a marquee. Obsolete (historical in later use). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > tent > [noun] > other types of tent tenticle1548 pal1656 marquee1690 gourbi1738 marquise1749 yurt1780 bell-tent1785 kibitka1799 shuldari1808 fly-tent1816 Swiss cottage1820 skin house1826 big tent1843 ridge tent1846 brush tent1862 dog tent1862 shelter tent1862 wall-tent1862 wedge tent1862 pup tent1863 A tent1863 tupik1864 tentlet1879 choom1889 pyramid1889 tortoise tent1890 safari tent1926 tent-sack1940 tent-trailer1963 tepee1970 trailer tent1971 Whillans box1971 society > armed hostility > military organization > logistics > quartering > [noun] > encamping > officer's tent principiums1591 praetorium1600 marquee1690 marquise1749 1749 J. Cleland Mem. Woman of Pleasure II. 201 The pavilion..open'd into a tent..that with its Marquise, form'd a pleasing defence against the sun. 1783 in M. D. Conway Life T. Paine (1892) I. 197 The tables were spread under a marquise or tent. 1788 F. Grose Mil. Antiq. II. Descr. Plates 2 A field-officer's tent or marquis. The word marquis and tent are promiscuously used, though strictly speaking they are different things; the internal part commonly made of ticking, the marquis; the external covering, canvas. 1792 J. Fennell Rev. Proc. at Paris 187 A great marquise was erected on the east side of the altar. 1859 J. McDonald in L. R. Masson Les Bourgeois de la Compagnie du Nord-Ouest (1890) 2nd Ser. 31 I had a very large marquise with ropes extending around in which I received the chiefs. b. Architecture. A permanent canopy projecting over the entrance of a hotel, theatre, etc. Cf. marquee n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [noun] > penthouse penthousea1400 house-pentice1614 pent1754 marquise1891 1891 tr. J. Adeline Art Dict. 251/2 The term marquise is applied to a light roof which projects from the façade of a building. It is generally placed over a flight of steps. On the outside of theatres marquises of considerable length are not infrequently to be seen. Almost invariably they have a glass roof. 1904 B. von Hutten Pam v. i. 237 A moment later, she stood in the door, under the little ‘marquise’. 1924 ‘L. Malet’ Dogs of Want i. 7 [She] stood under the glass marquise, at the top of the flight of steps. 1930 A. Bennett Imperial Palace vii. 28 On the steps under the marquise she took off her cloak. 2003 K. A. Morrison Eng. Shops & Shopping ix. 177/1 One crucial innovation of the 1930s was the continuous cantilevered canopy or marquise. 4. a. A ring set with a pointed oval gem or cluster of gems. Also more fully marquise ring. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > ring > [noun] > other types of ring kine-ringc1225 pontificala1500 hoop-ring1545 death's head1577 ring of remembrance1659 serjeant's ring1690 garter-ring1709 bath-ring1771 solitaire1832 regard ring1853 key ring1856 bodylet1870 portrait ring1877 tower-ring1877 whistle-ring1877 marquise1885 princess-ring1886 dinner ring1890 cluster ring1897 eternity ring1939 1885 Cassell's Encycl. Dict. IV. ii Marquise-ring. 1896 Westm. Gaz. 30 Jan. 5/3 Other witnesses deposed to as to the promise of a marquise ring. 1903 Westm. Gaz. 10 Dec. 4/2 A marquise formed of a single diamond, or a single sapphire, or a single ruby, is, of course,..not very usual. 1911 E. M. Dell Way of Eagle xii. 93 An old marquise ring of rubies. 1994 N.Y. Mag. 22 Aug. 29/2 The engagement ring is a marquise. b. = navette n.² Frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > [adjective] > cut into facets > specific tabled?1578 spread1676 table-cut1688 star-cut1704 tallow-drop1798 table-faced1853 tallow-cut1855 tallow-topped1865 marquise1903 scissor-cut1935 princess cut1961 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > [noun] > cut in specific style table1530 cardiace1601 star-cut1815 rose cut1820 tallow-top1881 navette1908 baguette1926 marquise1945 1903 W. R. Cattelle Precious Stones vi. 66 The ‘marquise’ rose, and..the ‘pendeloque’ rose, both having twenty-four facets. 1945 A. Selwyn Retail Jeweller's Handbk. xv. 217 Fancy shapes, such as the three-cornered, the marquise or navette.., the pear-shaped..or pendeloque, make unusual jewels, and are generally suggested by the natural form of the diamond itself. 1965 J. Y. Dickinson Bk. Diamonds iii. 63 The marquise and oval cuts are elongated to fit the finger better. 1994 Sunday Tel. 24 Apr. 28/1 The vast diamond ring..her own design of two hearts set each side of a marquise central stone. 2001 N. Weinstock As long as she needs Me 81 They were ovals, they were pears, they were emeralds and baguettes, marquises and round brilliants. 5. A style of woman's hat. Frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > shape, style, or fashion of > types of marquise1896 halo1899 1896 in S. Pakenham Sixty Miles from Eng. (1967) xii. 155 A marquise straw, trimmed with a few yellow roses. 1930 Daily Express 6 Oct. 5/2 The ‘Marquise’ cap is new. This one is of velvet—with a tiny wisp of very transparent tulle over one eye. 6. A type of small settee suitable for two people. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > seat > sofa or couch > [noun] > for two persons conversation-chair1793 confidante1794 sociable1811 causeuse1844 love seat1847 tête-à-tête1864 cosy1876 two-seater1891 marquise1904 1904 E. Singleton French & Eng. Furnit. 208 Several arm-chairs of a new shape appear. One, usually placed by the hearth near the fire, is of the ‘gondola’ form... They began to take the name of fauteuil de bergère or marquise. 1972 N. Apra Louis Styles 10 The small divan made for two, often called a tête-à-tête, was also referred to as a marquise. 1984 New Yorker 16 Jan. 61/2 (advt.) The marquise is Louis XVI, the fabric is Brunschwig. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1653
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