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单词 masque
释义

masquen.

Brit. /mɑːsk/, /mask/, U.S. /mæsk/
Forms: 1500s–1600s maske, 1500s– mask (now rare), 1500s– masque, 1600s masqve, 1600s massque.
Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: mask n.3
Etymology: Originally a variant of mask n.3, now usually distinguished in form in the senses below (although compare e.g. spellings in recent attestations at sense 5b, perhaps representing metonymic uses of mask n.3).H. Michaelis and D. Jones Phonetic Dict. Eng. Lang. (1913), and editions of D. Jones Eng. Pronouncing Dict. from the earliest (1917) onwards, record the pronunciation /mask/ as being a less common, but not rare, variant in the variety of standard southern English which they describe.
I. Senses relating to performance.
1.
a. A form of courtly dramatic entertainment, often richly symbolic, in which music and dancing played a substantial part, costumes and stage machinery tended to be elaborate, and the audience might be invited to contribute to the action or the dancing.The masque became a clearly defined genre during the reigns of James I and Charles I; less sophisticated earlier spectacles are sometimes called entertainments to distinguish them from these Stuart masques, and post-Restoration spectacles such as Dryden's Secular Masque (1700) are not readily distinguished from other kinds of drama. For further information on early entertainments of this nature see S. Anglo ‘The evolution of the Early Tudor disguising, pageant, and mask' in Renaissance Drama (1968) New Ser. 1 3–44.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > mime > masque > [noun]
disguising1481
maskeling1513
masque1526
masquery1535
disguise1622
1526 Roll of Provisions in S. Pegge Forme of Cury (1780) 175 First a Play, and straight after the play a Mask, and when the Mask was done then the Banckett..and then all the Gentilmen and Ladys danced.
a1558 in A. Feuillerat Documents Office of Revels Edward VI (1914) 245 Mr Carden I haue declareyd to the quens hynes how that you haue no other maskes thene suche as has byne shewyd all Redy before the kynges hynes.
1562 MS BL Lansdowne 5 f. 126v The seconde nighte..ffirst a Castell to be made in the haule called the Courte of plentye then the maske after this sorte [etc.].
1582 G. Whetstone Heptameron Ciuill Disc. sig. Ziijv The Deuice of a Stately Show, and Mask, the seuenth Nyghte..to honoure Queene Avrelia.
1601 B. Jonson Fountaine of Selfe-love Praeludium sig. A3 All the Courtiers must prouide for Reuels; they conclude vpon a Masque, the deuise of which, is [etc.] . View more context for this quotation
1604 (title) The true description of a royal masque presented at Hampton Court upon Sunday-night, being the eighth of January 1603–4.
1623 Prince Charles Let. 22 Feb. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. III. 122 At the practising of a Maske that is intendid by the Queene to be presented to the Kinge.
1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. xiv. 400 There being a Masque at the Court that the King liked very well, he perswaded the Chancellor to see it.
1816 W. Gifford Mem. B. Jonson in B. Jonson Wks. I. p. ccxxv The essence of the masque was pomp and glory.
1879 M. Pattison Milton ii. 21 A Mask was an exhibition in which pageantry and music predominated, but in which dialogue was introduced as accompaniment or explanation.
1898 H. A. Evans Eng. Masques p. xxxiv The masque..is a combination, in variable proportions, of speech, dance, and song, but its essential and invariable feature is the presence of a group of dancers, varying in number, but commonly eight, twelve, or sixteen, called Masquers... The dances are of two kinds—(1) stately figure dances..(2) the Revels, livelier dances.
1955 Times 27 May 13/1 Masque is not opera: nor for that matter is it drama or ballet. It is something of them all and more besides.
1986 Theatre Res. Internat. Autumn 210 The room built..for Buckingham's masques..was ‘not above 35-Foot square’.
b. In extended use. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1642 T. Fuller Holy State v. xvii. 427 His phansie presents him with strange masques, wherein onely Fiends and Furies are actours.
a1822 P. B. Shelley (title) The Masque of Anarchy.
1838 Brit. Cycl. Biogr. II. 905/1 at Scott, Sir Walter The splendid masque, ‘Ivanhoe’.
1860 N. Hawthorne Marble Faun II. xviii. 206 And now, after a mask in which love and death had performed their several parts, she had resumed her proper character.
2. An entertainment in which masked participants dance; a masquerade, a masked ball. Also figurative. Now rare.In 16th-cent. use often difficult to distinguish from sense 1.Quot. 1533 uses the word as if it were a familiar one, but evidence for its earlier use should both be regarded with caution: quot. 1548 refers to an event of 1512, and may suggest that the word maske was used at the time of that event, and the following quotation was previously dated 1514 in J. P. Collier's Hist. Eng. Dramatic Poetry (1831), but has been subsequently corrected:
1535 in Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. (1907) 22 140 Johi Farlyon Custod..apparatuum omnium singulorum jocorum larvatorum vocat. Maskes, Revelles and Disguysings.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > dancing > ball or dance > [noun] > masked
masque1533
masquerade1597
masked ball1763
bal masqué1768
ball-mask1770
redoubt1858
1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. Pref. sig. Bb.vii Some haue I sene ere thys, full boldely come daunce in a maske, whose dauncynge bycame them so well, that yf theyr visours hadde ben of theyr facys, shame wolde not haue suffred theym to sette forthe a fote.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. xvj The kyng with a .xi. other were disguised, after the maner of Italie, called a maske, a thyng not seen afore in Englande..after thei daunced and commoned together, as the fashion of the Maske is, thei tooke their leaue and departed.
1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1129/1 It shoulde haue beene at a maske or mummerie.
1608 G. Markham & L. Machin Dumbe Knight iii. sig. G2 Your absence is the baud to her desires, For their maskes, dauncings, gaming, banquetting.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) i. iii. 109 I delight in Maskes and Reuels.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 768 Mixt Dance, or wanton Mask, or Midnight Bal. View more context for this quotation
1719 in T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth IV. 146 Lately I went to a Masque at Court, Where I see Dances of ev'ry sort.
1735 A. Pope Of Char. of Women 7 Flavia's..issuing flagrant to an evening Mask.
1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch I. xx. 349 The Campagna where she could feel..away from the oppressive masquerade of ages, in which her own life too seemed to become a masque with enigmatical costumes.
1903 Smart Set 9 58/2 I should have liked to go to a ball—a masque would have suited me best.
2000 Ernani (Eng. Nat. Opera programme) 7 The Mask. Guests celebrate the wedding of Elvira and Ernani.
3. A dramatic composition intended for performance as a masque (sense 1).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > mime > masque > [noun] > specific composition for
masque1608
1608 B. Jonson Characters Two Royall Masques (title) The Qveenes masqves. The first, of blacknesse.
1637 J. Milton (title of Comus) A Maske presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634.
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 98. ⁋7 A Passage in a Mask writ by Milton.
1865 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Rationalism (1878) II. 315 The musical dramas known under the name of masques elicited some of the noblest poetry of Ben Jonson and of Milton.
1896 J. M. Manly Introd. Macbeth p. xxiii The list of plays and masques indicates a growing tendency to the spectacular during the 2nd decade of the 17th century.
1991 Renaissance Stud. 5 424 It is in his masque that he treats the subject in detail.
II. Senses relating to performers.
4. A set or company of masquers. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > mime > masque > [noun] > masquer > set of masquers
masquea1553
a1553 in A. Feuillerat Documents Office of Revels Edward VI (1914) 94 Venus to come in with a Maske of ladies and to reskue Cupide from the Marshall.
?a1562 G. Cavendish Life Wolsey (1959) 73 Wt whome thes Gentilmen of ffraunce daunced vntill an other maske cam In of noble Gentilmen.
1601 B. Jonson Fountaine of Selfe-love v. v. sig. Lv (heading) Scena. 5. The Masqves Ioyne.
1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 226 Double Masques, one of Men, another of Ladies, addeth State, and Variety.
5.
a. Probably: a masquerade dress, a domino. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > cloak, mantle, or cape > types of > for specific purpose
masque1577
mourning cloak1610
coach-cloak1705
domino1719
rochet1728
watch-cloak1814
opera cloak1836
railway wrapper1846
duster1864
sortie de bal1864
dust-cloak1883
Venetian1891
gas cape1940
1577 in P. Cunningham Revels at Court 114 A large Maske of murrey satten..with sleeves of gold tyncell.
b. A masked person; a person wearing a mask or in masquerading dress; a masquer. Now archaic.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > dancing > ball or dance > [noun] > masked > participant
masquer1533
masque1580
masquerade1604
masque-man1652
masquerader1676
1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 58v By this time entered another Masque.
1676 G. Etherege Man of Mode i. i. 3 I remember there was a Mask observ'd me indeed.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 383. ¶6 A Masque, who came behind him, gave him a gentle Tap upon the Shoulder.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones V. xiii. vii. 60 This Mask was one of those Ladies, who go to a Masquerade only to vent Ill-nature. View more context for this quotation
1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho II. ii. 40 Groups of masks were seen dancing on the moonlight terraces.
1832 T. De Quincey Klosterheim 140 A Masque, armed cap-a-pie.
1834 Leigh Hunt's London Jrnl. No. 25. 198 Amongst the ambulating masks..I must not omit the most interesting.
1919 J. Conrad Arrow of Gold i. i. 2 Just then some masks from outside invaded the café, dancing hand in hand in a single file led by a burly man with a cardboard nose.
1980 E. Jong Fanny ii. xiii. 285 Sev'ral Masks approach'd me, bow'd, and begg'd a Dance with me.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, esp. in masque ball.
ΚΠ
1610 B. Jonson Masque of Oberon in Wks. (1616) 982 There Oberon, and the knights dance out the first masque-dance.
1634 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. Hist. New Test. (STC 12640.5) 167 If it were but some mask-house,..neither white staves, nor halberts could keepe you out.
1645 Orig. Jrnls. House of Commons 28 16 July f. 484v Ordered that the borded Massque howse at Whithall the Masque howse at St: James and the Courte of Guard be forthwith pulled downe.
1647 J. Trapp Comm. Evangelists & Acts (Matt. xxiii. 23) Capistranus..got a great deal of respect to his doctrine by putting down..mask-interludes, &c.
1752 (title) A rencounter at a Mask-Ball, between a Princess of the Blood in France and a handsome lawyer's clerk.
1768 G. Baretti Acct. Manners & Customs Italy II. 21 She..had found means in mask-time to get out of the convent.
1788 S. Neville Diary 9 Aug. (1950) xv. 331 Many other tables below in the Billiard room & audit room—in the style of the Pantheon Masque suppers.
1818 Lady Morgan in Passages from Autobiogr. (1859) 286 This fashion in France of profiting by the custom d'intriguer at masque balls.
1895 G. A. Sala Life II. xxxviii. 78 In the evening we went to a grand mask ball at the Opera.
1910 Daily Chron. 10 Feb. 6/1 Jonson..inclined to patronise Shakespeare from the superior heights of an official masque writer sure of steady patronage.
1998 Commerc. Appeal (Memphis, Tennessee) (Nexis) 23 Feb. c5 Max Kauffman last night was awarded first prize for the most handsome costume worn at the Mask Ball.
C2.
masque-man n. Obsolete rare a masquer.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > dancing > ball or dance > [noun] > masked > participant
masquer1533
masque1580
masquerade1604
masque-man1652
masquerader1676
1652 F. Kirkman tr. A. Du Périer Loves Clerio & Lozia 87 For this hour hath this same Maskman talked to me in Italian.

Derivatives

ˈmasque-like adj.
ΚΠ
1650 R. Baron Pocula Castalia 58 Kind Phosphorvs bring the day. It came at last (though their desires thought late,) Then these Doves coupled, in this Masque-like State.
a1821 J. Keats Ode on Indolence in Life, Lett. & Literary Remains (1848) II. 278 Fade softly from my eyes, and be once more In masque-like figures on the dreamy urn.
1903 H. R. D. Anders Shakespeare's Bks. 153 Puck and the other fairies give a very masklike performance at the close of Midsummer Night's Dream.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

masquev.

Brit. /mɑːsk/, /mask/, U.S. /mæsk/
Forms: 1500s–1600s maske, 1500s– mask (now rare), 1900s– masque.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: masque n.
Etymology: < masque n.; originally the same word as mask v.4, subsequently (like masque n.) distinguished in form in the senses below.
1. intransitive. To take part in a masque or masquerade; to be a masquer, to masquerade. †Also transitive with it (obsolete). Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > dancing > ball or dance > take part in ball [verb (intransitive)] > in masked ball
masque1539
to see masks1755
1539 R. Taverner tr. Erasmus Prouerbes sig. C.vv Beynge therfor anone taught the feate of daunsynge: they began to maske, clad in purple robes, wyth visours on theyr faces.
?a1562 G. Cavendish Life Wolsey (1959) 73 An other maske..of noble Gentilmen, who daunced & masked wt thes fayer ladyes.
1589 ‘Pasquill of England’ Returne of Pasquill sig. Aij I wonder how I missed you? Pasquill. Neuer maruaile at that, I haue learned to maske it.
1591 E. Spenser Teares of Muses in Complaints 180 Where be the sweete delights of learnings treasure..In which I late was wont to raine as Queene, And maske in mirth with Graces well beseene?
1597 T. Beard Theatre Gods Iudgements ii. xxxiv. 373 Six [masquers] that masked it to a mariage at the hostell of S. Pauls in Paris.
1606 N. Breton Choice, Chance, & Change sig. G3v After they had masked and mummed, away they went.
1731 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. (ed. 2) II Mask,..to go to masks or masquerades.
1917 R. Hodgson Poems 54 ‘What loathly land is this!’ he cried And cursed it for a countryside Where devils masque as men.
1945 L. Saxon et al. Gumbo Ya-Ya i. 14 A few other gals downtown was makin' up to mask on Mardi Gras day.
1990 C. Paglia Sexual Personae 15 The femme fatale can appear as Medusan mother or frigid nymph, masquing in the brilliant luminosity of Apollonian glamour.
2. transitive. To perform in the manner of a masque; to make a pretence of. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > mime > masque > [verb (transitive)]
masque1560
1560 Bp. J. Pilkington Aggeus the Prophete (1562) 58 These be the dueties of good shepeheardes..and not maskynge masses, and mumming mattyns.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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