markaln.¹

Brit.

/ˈməːkɑːl/, U.S.

/ˈmərˌkɑl/

Forms: 1600s markall, 1700s mercal, 1700s–1800s marcal, 1700s– mercall, 1900s– markal.

Origin: A borrowing from Tamil. Etymon: Tamil marakkāl.

Etymology: < Tamil marakkāl < maram timber.

Indian English.

A unit of weight for grain used in Tamil Nadu, southern India.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > dry measure > specific dry measure units > Indian units

markalc1680

garce1752

tank1858

c1680 T. Bowrey Geogr. Acct. Countries Bay of Bengal (1905) 116 All Sorts of Graine is sold by measure, as alsoe Oyle, butter, or any liquid thinge. The Para contains [blank] Markalls. The Markall contains [blank].

1711 C. Lockyer Acct. Trade India i. 9 Eight Measures, one Mercall; and four hundred Mercalls are one Garse.

1752 T. Brooks Authentick Acct. Weights, Meas. E. Indies 6 Grain Measures. 1 Measure weighs about 26 lb. 1 oz. and 8 Ditto is 1 Mercal.

1803 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) II. 85 The small bags..filled up each to the full amount of three Mercalls or seventy two pounds.

1864 W. A. Browne Money, Weights & Meas. 51 8 Puddies = 1 Marcal, 5 Marcals = 1 Parah.

1903 W. Crooke Yule & Burnell's Hobson-Jobson (new ed.) 364/2 In Chingleput salt is weighed by the Garce of 124 maunds..; in Salem, 400 Markals..are 185.2 cubic feet.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

markaln.²

Brit.

/ˈmɑːk(ə)l/, U.S.

/ˈmɑrk(ə)l/, Scottish English

/ˈmark(ə)l/

Forms: 1700s 1900s– mercal Scottish English

/ˈmɛrkəl/, 1800s– markal, 1900s– merkal, 1900s– merkie, 1900s– merkol.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Probably a borrowing from Norn.

Etymology: Origin uncertain; probably < an unattested Norn compound (compare Old Icelandic mergr marrow n.¹ and kólfr bolt (perhaps because the wooden pin which fits into the rear piece of the plough is reminiscent of the marrow in a bone) or mari post, prop and kollr head). Compare Scottish Gaelic meirgeall, in the same sense, which is also likely to be a borrowing from early Scandinavian.

Orkney and Shetland. Now historical.

In the type of single-stilted wooden plough formerly used in Orkney and Shetland: a triangular piece of timber inserted into the lower end of the beam, carrying the ploughshare; the head of such a plough. Also markal pin.

ΚΠ

1793 P. Barclay in J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VII. 585 A square hole is cut through the lower end of the beam, and the mercal, a piece of oak about 22 inches long, introduced.

1821 W. Scott Pirate II. v. 104 What manners are to be expected in a country where folk call a pleugh-sock a markal?

1903 G. Marwick Old Rom. Plough (1936) 8 This sewchar soc or digger is fastened on a piece of wood of triangular shape called the markal pin.

1932 A. Horsbøl tr. J. Jakobsen Etymol. Dict. Norn Lang. in Shetland II Merkol, Merkal, on the old Shetl. wooden plough.., the piece of wood to which the ploughshare..is (was) fixed.

1978 A. Fenton Northern Isles xxxviii. 304 Merkie pin, Markal pin, Mercal, a wooden pin mortised into the plough head to hold the sock.

1978 A. Fenton Northern Isles xxxviii. 309 In Shetland the mercal was a piece of oak... The end of the..ground wrest was also fixed to the mercal... The ground-wrest, in effect, formed an arm of the markal pin.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	markal
释义	markaln.¹ Brit. /ˈməːkɑːl/, U.S. /ˈmərˌkɑl/ Forms: 1600s markall, 1700s mercal, 1700s–1800s marcal, 1700s– mercall, 1900s– markal. Origin: A borrowing from Tamil. Etymon: Tamil marakkāl. Etymology: < Tamil marakkāl < maram timber. Indian English. A unit of weight for grain used in Tamil Nadu, southern India. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > dry measure > specific dry measure units > Indian units markalc1680 garce1752 tank1858 c1680 T. Bowrey Geogr. Acct. Countries Bay of Bengal (1905) 116 All Sorts of Graine is sold by measure, as alsoe Oyle, butter, or any liquid thinge. The Para contains [blank] Markalls. The Markall contains [blank]. 1711 C. Lockyer Acct. Trade India i. 9 Eight Measures, one Mercall; and four hundred Mercalls are one Garse. 1752 T. Brooks Authentick Acct. Weights, Meas. E. Indies 6 Grain Measures. 1 Measure weighs about 26 lb. 1 oz. and 8 Ditto is 1 Mercal. 1803 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) II. 85 The small bags..filled up each to the full amount of three Mercalls or seventy two pounds. 1864 W. A. Browne Money, Weights & Meas. 51 8 Puddies = 1 Marcal, 5 Marcals = 1 Parah. 1903 W. Crooke Yule & Burnell's Hobson-Jobson (new ed.) 364/2 In Chingleput salt is weighed by the Garce of 124 maunds..; in Salem, 400 Markals..are 185.2 cubic feet. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). markaln.² Brit. /ˈmɑːk(ə)l/, U.S. /ˈmɑrk(ə)l/, Scottish English /ˈmark(ə)l/ Forms: 1700s 1900s– mercal Scottish English /ˈmɛrkəl/, 1800s– markal, 1900s– merkal, 1900s– merkie, 1900s– merkol. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Probably a borrowing from Norn. Etymology: Origin uncertain; probably < an unattested Norn compound (compare Old Icelandic mergr marrow n.¹ and kólfr bolt (perhaps because the wooden pin which fits into the rear piece of the plough is reminiscent of the marrow in a bone) or mari post, prop and kollr head). Compare Scottish Gaelic meirgeall, in the same sense, which is also likely to be a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Orkney and Shetland. Now historical. In the type of single-stilted wooden plough formerly used in Orkney and Shetland: a triangular piece of timber inserted into the lower end of the beam, carrying the ploughshare; the head of such a plough. Also markal pin. ΚΠ 1793 P. Barclay in J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VII. 585 A square hole is cut through the lower end of the beam, and the mercal, a piece of oak about 22 inches long, introduced. 1821 W. Scott Pirate II. v. 104 What manners are to be expected in a country where folk call a pleugh-sock a markal? 1903 G. Marwick Old Rom. Plough (1936) 8 This sewchar soc or digger is fastened on a piece of wood of triangular shape called the markal pin. 1932 A. Horsbøl tr. J. Jakobsen Etymol. Dict. Norn Lang. in Shetland II Merkol, Merkal, on the old Shetl. wooden plough.., the piece of wood to which the ploughshare..is (was) fixed. 1978 A. Fenton Northern Isles xxxviii. 304 Merkie pin, Markal pin, Mercal, a wooden pin mortised into the plough head to hold the sock. 1978 A. Fenton Northern Isles xxxviii. 309 In Shetland the mercal was a piece of oak... The end of the..ground wrest was also fixed to the mercal... The ground-wrest, in effect, formed an arm of the markal pin. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹c1680n.²1793
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