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单词 mascle
释义

masclen.1

Brit. /ˈmaskl/, /ˈmɑːskl/, U.S. /ˈmæskəl/
Forms: Middle English mascul, Middle English mascule, Middle English maskel, Middle English maskell, Middle English maskill, Middle English maskle, Middle English– mascle, 1600s mascal; also Scottish pre-1700 mascul, pre-1700 maskil.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French mascle.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman mascle (c1300 in heraldic sense ‘lozenge’, 1472 in heraldic sense ‘voided lozenge’) < post-classical Latin mascula mesh (from 1269 in British sources; in heraldic use from c1400 in British sources), variant of macula macula n. with -s- probably after mask n.1 or its Germanic base; it is uncertain whether a Germanic diminutive < the base of mask n.1 may have exerted any influence (compare mascle n.2, macle n.). With the heraldic sense compare macle n., and also Anglo-Norman masclé (see mascly adj.).( N.E.D. (1905) gives the pronunciation as (mɑ·sk'l) /ˈmɑːskl/, but for mascled adj. gives (ma·sk'ld) /ˈmæsk(ə)ld/: it is not clear whether this was intended to denote a distinction in pronunciation, or was simply the result of error.)
1.
a. The mesh of a net; each of the openings in the mesh of a net. Cf. mask n.1 Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [noun] > with open texture > net or mesh > mesh
maskOE
mascle1329
mesha1425
shale1606
mass1641
1329 in H. T. Riley Memorials London (1868) 172 [Twelve nets known as] tromekeresnet..[the meshes of which nets, which are called] mascles [ought to be one inch and a half in size].
a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) f. 21 Men taketh hem [sc. foxes]..with heyes, and with pursnettes. But he kutteth with his teth þe mascles.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory i. 108/2 Mascle, a Mash of a Net.
1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Mascle,..the mash or hole of a net.
b. As postmodifier. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [noun] > consisting of loops or looped stitches > lace > other types of
masclea1425
pomet1582
loop-lace1632
colbertinea1685
coxcomb1693
trolly-lolly1693
trolly1699
piece lace1702
mignonette1751
web lace1795
guard-lace1804
Antwerp lace1811
warp-lace1812
cardinal lace1842
guipure1843
run lace1843
Shetland lace1848
lacis1865
pot lace1865
reticella1865
tape guipure1865
quadrille1884
reticello1895
tambour-lace1899
rosaline1900
ring net1901
tracing-lace1901
shadow lace1914
a1425 H. Wanley Direct. Lace in B. Rowland Chaucer & Middle Eng. Stud. in Honour R. H. Robbins (1974) v. 99 For to make a lace maskel: Set iiij bowes of o colour on A, B ryȝt [etc.].
2.
a. A lozenge, esp. a hollow lozenge. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > angularity > specific angular shape > [noun] > quadrilateral > lozenge, diamond, or rhomb
lozenge?a1366
mascle1453
diamond1496
lozenger1527
rhombus?a1560
rhomb1578
romby1592
1453 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1836) I. 191 ii salers broken, of silver gilted and foted, ye gise of maskill.
1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea II. 204 The outline of the ground covered by their troops took the shape of a lozenge. Within the mascle or hollow lozenge thus formed, there marched the Turkish battalions.
b. Heraldry. A charge in the form of a lozenge with a lozenge-shaped opening through which the field appears. In early use: †a lozenge (unpierced) (obsolete) Cf. macle n. 1.Many early writers on heraldry (in Latin, Anglo-Norman, and English: see quots. 1486, 1572) distinguish the mascle from the lozenge simply on the basis of the shape of the charge, and not by whether it is voided or not.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > [noun] > less honourable charge > diamond-shaped charge > pierced
masclec1460
macle1494
mask1538
c1460 [implied in: Bk. Arms in Ancestor (1903) Apr. 187 The feld of asewre, iij storgonys of golde maskylyd yn an nette of gowlys. (at mascled adj. 1)].
1486 Blasyng of Armys sig. fiijv, in Bk. St. Albans Here ye shall knaw the differans be twix fusillis, masculys and losyngys.
1494 Loutfut MS f. 139, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Mascul And als thair is lossanys & sum woid..& sum callis thaim quhen thai ar woid maskillis.
1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 126 Whensoeuer ye shall see eyther Losenge, Mascle, or other thynge voyded of the fielde, Fesse, bende &c. whereon theye stande, it is sufficient to saye, voyded, onelye.
1632 Guillim's Display of Heraldrie (ed. 2) iv. xix. 359 A Mascle differeth from both the Fusill and Lozenge; first, because [etc.].
1680 London Gaz. No. 1503/4 Several pieces of Plate engraven with a Leopards head..and five Mascals.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 322/2 A Mascle Buckle Bottony..is generally termed by the name of a Losenge or Mascle Shooe Buckle.
1797 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 455/1 Opinions have varied very much about the original of the mascles or mashes.
1863 C. Boutell Man. Heraldry xvi. 174 The early mascle, when not thus voided, becomes the modern lozenge.
1866 J. E. Cussans Gram. Heraldry 22 The Mascle is a lozenge voided.
1970 Armorial 6 24 The Abernethy lion ‘differenced’ with three Quincy mascles on the riband.
3. Armour. According to Meyrick's (discredited) classification of the surface texture of soldiers' body-garments in medieval illustrations: each of the perforated lozenge-shaped plates of metal fastened to the outer surface of a military tunic of the 13th cent. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [noun] > plate- or scale-armour > plate or scale of
platec1330
lamea1586
shell1585
scale1809
mascle1818
1818 [implied in: S. R. Meyrick in Archaeologia (1821) 19 126 The earliest specimen I have found of the mascled hauberk. (at mascled adj. 2)].
1822 Gentleman's Mag. 92 i. 308 But two different kinds of mail, the mascled and flat ringed, are all that can be found in them, the mascles being sometimes lozenge-shaped and sometimes square.
1824 S. R. Meyrick Crit. Inq. into Antient Armour I. Introd. 69 A tunic,..coated with perforated lozenges of steel, called..macles, or mascles.
1846 F. W. Fairholt Costume in Eng. 88 These mascles were lozenge-shaped plates of metal.
1934 G. C. Stone Gloss. Arms & Armor 439/2 Mascle, mail. Meyrick considered that it meant a special variety, but this is not generally considered to be the case.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

masclen.2

Forms: Middle English mascle, Middle English maskle, Middle English masklle.
Origin: Probably a borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin macula.
Etymology: Probably < classical Latin macula macula n., with -s- after mascle n.1 and perhaps also measles n. Compare early modern Dutch masschel spot, blemish (in Kiliaan), apparently < Middle Dutch masce , masche mesh of a net (see mask n.1) + -el -el suffix1 (compare macle n.).Perhaps attested earlier in a field name, Maskelawe (Bromfield, Cumberland; c1230; now lost), for which the sense ‘spotted hill’ has been proposed (compare low n.1), although its identification in this name is uncertain. Although post-classical Latin mascula is found as a variant of macula in the senses ‘mesh’ and ‘lozenge’ (see mascle n.1), it appears to have been restricted to these senses.
Obsolete.
A spot, a speck.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > variegation > spot of colour > [noun] > small spot or speckle
puncta1398
pointa1400
masclec1400
specklec1440
pecklec1450
sprinkle1481
spreckle1513
frecklea1549
spruttle1553
dot1596
punctum1653
pip1676
spark1686
punctal1694
mail1727
punctule1785
puncta1858
freck1866
guttula1887
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl 726 Wythouten mote oþer mascle of sulpande synne.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 556 Wythouten maskle oþer mote.
c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 4989 A brid..all þe body & þe brest..Was finely florischt & faire with frekild pennys,..Of gold graynes & of goules full of gray mascles.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

mascleadj.n.3

Forms: Middle English–1500s mascle, Middle English–1500s mascul, late Middle English maskyll, 1500s mascull.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French mascle.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman mascle male adj.
Obsolete.
A. adj.
Male; of the male sex. Used as postmodifier.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > sex and gender > male > [adjective]
malea1382
masclea1425
masculinec1425
mankind1479
menskins1534
a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) 12 An hare shall dure well iiii. myle or more or lasse, and she be an olde hare mascle.
1455 Rolls of Parl. V. 329/2 Thaim and thaire heires mascles.
1481 in P. E. Jones Cal. Plea & Mem. Rolls London Guildhall (1961) VI. 145 (MED) [If the said Geoffrey should marry Elizabeth..and] happe not to have issue mascle but issue femell.
1549 in J. S. Clouston Rec. Earldom of Orkney (1914) 237 Al thar airis mascul or femall quhat sumevir.
B. n.3
A person or animal of the male sex.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > sex and gender > male > [noun]
heOE
masclea1425
M1858
a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) iv For alle þe sesoun a mascle and a femell abydith togyders.
1577 R. Stanyhurst Treat. Descr. Irelande ii. f. 8 v/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Without ye coupling of mascle of [sic] female.

Compounds

mascle thure n. = male incense n. at male adj. and n.1 Compounds 1c.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > fragrant substance or perfume > incense
rechelseOE
storc1000
incensec1290
censea1382
guma1382
olibanuma1398
thus1398
frankincensea1400
frank14..
thurec1425
mascle thure?1440
olibanc1440
smoke1530
perfume1542
masculine frankincense1555
tacamahac1577
cayolac1588
masculine gum1604
candle1628
pastille1630
Spanish coal1631
incense-frank1633
thymiama1697
censery1823
punk1844
joss-stick1845
god-stick1874
tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) xi. 412 (MED) A vnce of mascul thure Wel smellynge, and an vnce of pepur dure.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.11329n.2c1400adj.n.3a1425
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更新时间:2024/12/23 7:12:17