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单词 marzipan
释义

marzipann.adj.

Brit. /ˈmɑːzᵻpan/, U.S. /ˈmɑrtsəˌpɑn/, /ˈmɑrtsəˌpæn/, /ˈmɑrzəˌpæn/
Forms:

α. 1500s marzepaine, 1800s marcipan, 1800s marzapane, 1800s marzopane, 1800s– marzipan.

β. 1500s–1600s mazapane.

Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from German. Or (ii) a borrowing from Italian. Etymons: German Marzipan; Italian marzapane.
Etymology: < (i) German Marzipan (1510 as marczapan , 1521 as martzepan , a1541 as marcipan ), or its etymon Italian (ii) marzapane marzipan (in a text by B. Pegolotti, composed a1343 but known only from a manuscript of 1471), perhaps < Persian martabān , marṭabān or Arabic marṭabān (see Martaban n.). The city of Martaban was famous for the glazed jars it exported, containing preserves and sweetmeats; the transition of sense would therefore be from the container to the thing contained: compare Italian marzapane a container of a certain capacity (13th-14th cent. in Venetian documents), post-classical Latin maczapanum jewel-box (1347 in an Occitan source), massapanum reliquary (1399), Spanish mazapán casket (1373), Middle French massepain casket for confectionery (1449). Forms of the name of the sweetmeat in other European languages are probably directly or indirectly from Italian: compare Middle Dutch marcepen (1486; Dutch marsepein), post-classical Latin mazapanis (c1492), Portuguese maçapão (1521), Spanish mazapán (1525), Swedish marsipan (1538), Middle French, French massepain (1546; 1544 as marcepain, 1545 as massepan).The Italian or German word was earlier borrowed into English as marchpane n., and this was the usual form in English from the 16th to the 19th centuries. In the 19th cent. apparently reborrowed < Italian (see especially quots. 1846 at sense A. 1bα. and 1866 at sense A. 1aα. ). Italian marzapane has been derived (originally by Kluyver 1904, in Zeitschr. f. Deutsche Wortforschung 6 59–68) < Italian regional (Venice) matapan , the name of a coin struck between 1193 and the 15th cent., and associated with post-classical Latin marzapanus a kind of money or tax (1202, in one isolated attestation from a Syrian source). The supposed transition of sense would be from monetary unit to unit of measurement to container to thing contained, but the derivation is (especially on phonological grounds) very uncertain. Equally tenuous is the connection between the name of the coin and Yemeni Arabic mawṯabān one who remains seated ( < Yemeni Arabic waṯaba be seated), supposedly the name of a European coin depicting Christ enthroned. Another theory (see e.g. J. Corominas Diccionario crítico etimológico de la lengua castellana (1954)), also tenuous, derives Italian marzapane < Arabic maḵšabān , a hapax legomenon in an apparently now lost section of the unique manuscript of the poetry of Ibn Quzmān (12th cent.), interpreted as ‘a sweetmeat, a wooden box’ ( < ḵašab wood; the transition of sense in Arabic, as with the derivation < Martaban , would therefore be from the container to the thing contained). The view preferred here was propounded by G. R. Cardona ( Lingua nostra (1969) 30 34ff.) and G. B. Pellegrini ( Lingua nostra (1976) 37 92). For Italian -z- from Arabic -ṭ- Pellegrini adduces the analogous example of Spanish mazmorra ‘prison’ < Arabic maṭmūra . Post-classical Latin and Romance forms without -r- may be influenced by classical Latin massa , Spanish masa , Portuguese massa mass, dough (see masa n.). The second element of the word may be influenced by Italian pane , Spanish pan , French pain , classical Latin pānis bread (see pain n.2).
A. n.
1.
a. A cake or sweet made of marzipan: see sense A. 1b.
ΚΠ
α.
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 128 To feede of tartes and marzepaines, the meates of denty mouthed persones [L. vesci placentis cibis delicatorum].
1866 W. D. Howells Venetian Life xviii. 278 A cake called marzapane.
1926 Brit. Weekly 7 Oct. 25/2 You can't be bothered to prepare homemade nougats, marzipans, peppermint creams.
1990 Sweetie 90 (London Internat. Confectionary Exhib. Catal.) 24 The range includes hand-made pralines, fresh cream chocolates and marzipans.
β. 1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Physical Inst. iii, in Medicinal Dispensatory sig. O4v A certain kinde of Condite, which is called Pasta regia, or a Mazapane [L. quaedam conditi species, quae pasta regia vocari solet].
b. A thick paste of ground almonds, egg whites or yolks, and sugar, formed into small sweets or petits fours, or used for icing cakes.The whites of eggs are used to make white marzipan; the yolks are used to make golden marzipan.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > confections or sweetmeats > [noun] > paste confections
pastya1398
paste royal?c1425
marchpane1556
marzipan1583
paste1591
paste of Genoa1615
almond paste1622
jemello1688
α.
1846 W. S. Landor Wks. II. 82 We had brought no eatable with us but fruit and thin marzopane.
1897 Daily News 23 Nov. 2/1 The stuff..smelt very much like the sweetmeat called marzipan.
1926 Glasgow Herald 14 June 10 According to an unconfirmed legend Lubeck has the proud distinction of being the only city which sustained a siege on marzipan.
1963 Times 20 Apr. 10/3 The cake is decorated with 46 lb. of marzipan and 25 lb. of royal icing and pastillage.
1991 BBC Good Food (BNC) Apr. 61 Roll out about one third of the marzipan and trim to fit the cake tin.
β. 1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke vi. xv. 294 Of making Pasta Regia or Mazapane.1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Marchpane, or mazapane.
2. Something forming a thick superficial layer or covering, esp. in order to hide something ugly beneath it.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > means of concealment > [noun]
shadowc1200
blindfolding?c1225
coverturec1374
hiding1382
veilc1384
palliation?c1425
covert1574
panoply1576
hoodwink1577
mask1597
cover1600
screena1616
pretexture1618
purdah1621
subterfuge1621
tecture1624
coverlet1628
domino1836
face shield1842
concealment1847
protective colouring1873
camouflage1885
protective coloration1892
smokescreen1926
cover-up1927
scrim1942
marzipan1945
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > a layer > [noun] > resembling marzipan
marzipan1945
1945 Hansard Commons 17 Oct. 1223 You only have to look at the fretful fronts stretching along the great roads leading from London—belonging to what I think one cynic called the ‘marzipan period’—to see the monstrous crimes committed against aesthetics by..speculators.
1981 Event 9–15 Oct. 29/1 Marzipan, n. (motor trade). The filler used to patch up bodywork damaged by a crash or corrosion.
1989 Mod. Painters Autumn 111/1 Yet Mr. Hutchinson condemns post-modernism as ‘Bimbo architecture’ and so much marzipan over honest concrete frames.
B. adj. (attributive).
Made of marzipan.
ΚΠ
1891 ‘J. S. Winter’ Lumley iv. 31 Marzipan bon-bons.
1964 W. Markfield To Early Grave (1965) xi. 191 Platters of marzipan cookies shone with a toytown brilliance.
1977 ‘S. Leys’ Chinese Shadows (1978) ii. 68 The local pastry shop..sells..strudels and little pink marzipan pigs.
1994 Hispanic Dec. 68 The holidays are for gathering and feasting... Marzipan figures..and nuts are just some of the traditional foods.

Compounds

marzipan layer n. Finance slang the (tier of) executives ranking immediately below the partners in a firm.
ΚΠ
1985 Listener 6 June 8/3 The ‘marzipan layer’ is the bright, younger people just below the partners.
1992 Sunday Tel. 29 Mar. 40/4 Britain's ‘Marzipan layer’ already spend far more of their disposable income on housing and education than their German and French peers.
1998 Independent 16 June i. 1/2 Industry observers reckon that bankers in the so-called ‘marzipan layer’..could each receive paper windfalls of as much as $8m.
marzipan set n. = marzipan layer n.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > [noun] > dealer in stocks and shares > stock-broker > type of > body of
coulisse1887
curb1903
marzipan set1984
1984 Economist 17 Nov. 72/3 And what of the so-called marzipan set, the layer of managers too junior to get the icing but too senior for the cake crumbs?
1996 Times 20 Jan. 27/3 It had been agreed that Talbot..would retire relatively early. Arthur Andersen's marzipan set encouraged their chiefs on this count.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

marzipanv.

Brit. /ˈmɑːzᵻpan/, U.S. /ˈmɑrtsəˌpɑn/, /ˈmɑrtsəˌpæn/, /ˈmɑrzəˌpæn/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: marzipan n.
Etymology: < marzipan n.
transitive. To cover with, or as with, a layer of marzipan. Usually in passive.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > keep from knowledge [verb (transitive)]
heeleOE
dernc893
mitheeOE
wryOE
buryc1175
hidec1200
dilla1300
laina1375
keepa1382
wrapa1382
cover1382
conceala1393
curea1400
shroud1412
veilc1460
smorec1480
cele1484
suppress1533
wrap1560
smoulder1571
squat1577
muffle1582
estrange1611
screen1621
lock1646
umbrage1675
reserve1719
restrict1802
hugger-mugger1803
mask1841
ward1881
thimblerig1899
marzipan1974
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > a layer > arrange in layers [verb (transitive)] > cover with a layer resembling marzipan
marzipan1974
1974 R. Rendell Face of Trespass ii. 25 The large home-made Dundee, marzipanned and iced.
1986 T. Barling Smoke xxii. 486 A single boa of cloud feathered out from the Buddhist temple on the high western tor, the thinning outer strands marzipanned by brazen sunlight.
1987 Los Angeles Times 15 Feb. (Calendar) 88/4 The album is marzipaned with ornate embellishments and liberally sprinkled with quotes from the post-acid Beatles.

Derivatives

ˈmarzipanned adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > [adjective]
privya1398
palliate?a1425
beguiled1561
masked1567
covert1574
retired1596
remote1601
palliated1612
unsuspected1620
lapped1637
sopited1646
veiled1651
perdua1734
ulterior1735
screened1844
marzipanned1979
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > confections or sweetmeats > [adjective] > covered with marzipan
marzipanned1979
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > a layer > [adjective] > covered with a layer like marzipan
marzipanned1979
1979 Washington Post (Nexis) 13 Dec. e1 Cover the marzipanned cake with icing, using a palette knife.
1995 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 9 Dec. 13 John Mortimer's adaptation..keeps in [the] best bits of Dickens's prose imagery as well as the occasional sour whiff of social criticism amidst the story's marzipanned escapism.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
<
n.adj.1542v.1974
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更新时间:2025/3/15 9:26:28