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marishn.adj.1 Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French mareis, mares. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman mareis, marreis, marrais, mereis, mareschei and Middle French mares, marez, marais, marest marsh (12th cent. in Old French; earlier maresc , maresch (1086 in a post-classical Latin text); French marais ) < post-classical Latin mariscus , marisca , marescus (as noun, from late 7th cent. in British sources, from 8th cent. in documents from the Low Countries; also as adjective from 1230 in British sources), ultimately < the Germanic base of marsh n.1 Compare post-classical Latin maresium , maresia (frequently from c1130 in British sources). Compare Anglo-Norman maresche marshy (late 12th or early 13th cent.; also 13th cent. in Old French in an isolated attestation). Compare morass n., marais n.Attested in β. forms in surnames and place names from the 12th cent. The ending of the α. forms in /ʃ/ may derive from the Anglo-Norman and Old French forms in -sche , or may have been influenced by marsh n.1; alternatively, they might represent a variant of marsh n.1, though the lateness of their appearance (1327 in the surname Merischman , the earliest Middle English evidence presented in Middle Eng. Dict. s.v. mersh n.) makes continuity with the rare Old English disyllabic form merisc (beside the usual mersc ) unlikely (see marsh n.1). In γ. forms probably after Middle French marest. Compare Italian marese (a1348) < Middle French. Now poetic, archaic, and regional. A. n.the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [noun] α. 1327 [see Compounds 1]. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville (Vitell.) 21044 (MED) I fond A Maryssh, or elles a merssh lond [Fr. une place fort marescaige]..off ffylthes ryht habounde. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart I. lviii. f. xxxiiv/2 Vauflart de la Croyse who was in the marysshe [Fr. entre marestz] trustyng..to haue scaped was spyed by some that rode a longe by the marese [Fr. sur les marestz]. 1596 E. Spenser v. x. sig. V7 These marishes, and myrie bogs, In which the fearefull ewftes do build their bowres. View more context for this quotation 1611 Ezek. xlvii. 11 The myrie places thereof, and the marishes thereof, shall not be healed. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton xii. 630 As Ev'ning Mist Ris'n from a River o're the marish glides. View more context for this quotation 1733 J. Swift 12 Like a Bridge that joins a Marish To Moorlands of a diff'rent Parish. 1762 A. Dickson i. xx. 135 There are many marishes in Scotland. Some have been drained. 1830 Ld. Tennyson Dying Swan in 102 Far through the marish green and still The tangled watercourses slept. 1858 W. Morris 74 We struggled in a marish half the day. 1880 17 Sept. 8/5 [Yorkshire] In the carrs and marishes both corn and turnips are under water. 1955 J. R. R. Tolkien 413 The folk of the Marish and their offshoot across the Brandywine were in many ways peculiar, as has been told. B. adj.1 The ending -ish has given to the noun used attributively the appearance of an adjective (cf. -ish suffix1), and has thus favoured the development of the genuine adjectival use. 1. the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [adjective] > found in or produced by 1543 B. Traheron tr. J. de Vigo i. ii. f. 41v/1 He must abstaine..from marryshe fyshes and fennie. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens vi. lxviii. 633 This herbe groweth also in moyst marrishe places. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault iv. v. 637 If there be any marrish or dead water in..your medow: you must cause it to..draine out. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny II. 142 A kind of marish or moorie Lentils. 1685 R. Boyle Exper. Disc. Salubr. Air 3 in Marrish Grounds, and wet Soils are wont to be unhealthfull. 1832 Jan. 246/1 I scarcely took a step without finding myself plunged knee-deep in some marish reservoir, or unexpected quagmire. 1859 J. G. Whittier 160 Hillside berries and marish seeds. 1883 R. L. Stevenson 7 A wooden footway, bridging one marish spot after another. 1911 ‘M. Field’ ii. v. 43 Wild, marish country beyond the orchard. 1935 E. R. Eddison xix. 391 Jeronimy..swung now south-eastward into..the open marish lakelands and streamlands. the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [adjective] 1549 in (1898) I. 145 Cutters of mosses for makinge of mean landes of thos that be but marresse. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault i. iv. 17 That [earth]..which is watrie and marrish. 1707 H. Sloane I. p. lxxix The country thereabout is marish and wet. 1825 (new ed.) II. lxxix. 368 At some distance, opposite, are the other wells, so nearly contiguous as not easily to be counted, or indeed examined, the spot being marish [1776 marishy]. 1599 S. Harsnett 235 He would neuer haue set the frame of all his cosening practises vpon that moist and marish conceit that Somers in his fits was altogether sencelesse. 1602 J. Marston ii. iii. sig. D3v What danke marrish spirit, But would be fyred with impatience? 1869 J. R. Lowell 24 The frank sun of natures clear and rare Breeds poisonous fogs in low and marish minds. 1935 E. R. Eddison xvii. 339 The memory of the words had risen like a slow bubble out of the marish waters of his meditation. the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > [adjective] > like sea 1609 sig. A3 That moouing marish element, that swels and swages as it please the moone. 1621 F. Quarles K 4 b Her cheekes o'reflowne With marish teares. Compounds1327 Lay Subsidy Roll in F. H. Dickinson (1889) 188 (MED) Richardus Merischman. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 219v Segge..growiþ in maris place and neisshe. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 322v Eyren of mareys foules beþ ȝelowe. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 289 (MED) That londe is playne, hauenge fewe woodes, whiche gete turfes of the marras grownde to fullefille the stede of woode. 1530 J. Palsgrave 718/2 I synke in, as a heavy thyng doth in a maresse grounde, or sache lyke, je me enfondre. 1625 K. Long tr. J. Barclay ii. ii. 71 The Kings Horses..chafed with the stinging of the Marish Gnats. 1658 F. Osborne Advice to Son in (1673) 234 Making a like use of Scripture and Reason of State, as Marishmen do of their Sluces, by which they keep out the Sea. 1811 J. Mitford 3 Is it the moon.., Or are they meteor-fires that glow, With wavering glimmer to and fro, Across the marish fen? 1830 Ld. Tennyson Mariana iv, in 16 The clustered marishmosses. 1895 J. Barlow 75 Brown-knotted rushes and sombre sedge, and all other marish growths. C2. In common names of plants. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > orchids > marsh or spotted orchis 1597 J. Gerard i. 157 Marish Dogs stones hath many thicke blunt leaues next the roote. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens vi. lxxx. 760 Of Marris Elder, Ople, or Dwarffe Plane tree...This plant is called..in Latine, Sambucus palustris, and Sambucus aquatica, that is to saye, Marrishe Elder, or Water Elder, bycause of the flowers and fructe. 1597 J. Gerard iii. 1237 The water Elder is called..in English Marish Elder, [etc.]. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > aquatic, marsh, and sea-shore plants > [noun] > marshmallow 1548 W. Turner sig. A.vijv Althea..is named..in Englishe marish mallowe. 1627 F. Holyoake Riders Dict. in (new ed.) sig. Ff8v/3 The marish mallow. Dendromalache. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens v. xlii. 607 Smallache is called..in English,..Marrishe Parsely. 1597 J. Gerard ii. 862 Smallage..is called..in English March Marish [sic] Parsley, and Apium aquatile, or water Parsley. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > edible berries > cranberry 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens vi. xi. 671 We..do cal them in Latine, Vaccinia palustria, that is to say, Marrish Whorts, and fenberries. Derivatives the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [noun] > marshy quality 1652 P. Heylyn ii. sig. Llv The marishnesse of the situation. 1678 N. Wanley iv. xxvii. §1. 409/1 Work was hindred by..the Marishness of the Grounds. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). marishadj.2Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mare n.1, -ish suffix1. Etymology: < mare n.1 + -ish suffix1. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by gender or age > [adjective] > of or like a mare 1679 No. 1452/4 A bay..a little white on his two hind fetlocks, and a Mareish head. 1922 E. Blunden (ed. 2) 32 Nor marish-breath nor lanterned fly. 1986 May 21/1 All our horses are geldings, which seems a bit unfair on the mares, but very few eventing stables will put up with marish behaviour. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.adj.11327adj.21679 |
