Mariannen.

Brit.

/ˌmarɪˈan/, U.S.

/ˌmɛrɪˈæn/

Forms: 1800s– Marianne, 1800s– Mary-Anne (rare).

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French Marianne.

Etymology: < French Marianne, personification of the French Republic, usually portrayed as a female figure wearing a Phrygian cap, spec. application of the female forename Marianne (see Mary n.¹); the reason for its adoption is not known for certain.A proclamation of the Republic of 22 Sept. 1792 announced that the symbol of the new regime would be a female figure representing the goddess of liberty. It was probably soon after this that an Occitan song entitled La Garisou de Marianno was composed by the Republican poet Guillaume Lavabre of Puylaurens (department of Tarn). A song called La Marianno is reported to have been sung at festivals in the mid 19th cent. in the town of Castres (Tarn), in front of the statue of the Republic, which the locals called ‘La Marianno’. Occitan Marianno (French Marianne ) was probably applied to the personification of the Republic, as represented in statues and songs, as it was a common female forename. The association of the name Marianno with the Republican movement seems to have been maintained in the south of France from the revolutionary era until the 1850s, when it entered the national political vocabulary in the standard French form Marianne . This was used as the password of a Republican secret society formed in France after the coup of 1851 with the aim of restoring a Republican government, and then to denote the society itself (see quot. 1855). See C. Laux, ‘D'où vient donc Marianne?’, Annales historiques de la Révolution Française (1983) Oct.–Dec. 628–31.

colloquial.

The Republican form of government in France; (by extension) the French Republic personified.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > a or the system of government > government by the people or their delegates > [noun] > republican system

republica1646

republicanism1685

Marianne1870

society > authority > rule or government > politics > French politics > [noun] > political associations or societies

Marianne1870

Rallié1898

Situationist International1958

Action Directe1980

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > France or Frankish land > [noun]

Marianne1933

1855 Times 2 Nov. 6/7 Thirty-three individuals, affiliated to the secret society of the Marianne, were tried on the 30th ult. by the Court of Correctional Police of Angers. Four were acquitted.]

1870 B. Disraeli Lothair I. xi. 100 Our refreshment at council is very spare..but we always drink one toast... It is to one whom you love and whom you have served well. Fill glasses, brethren, and now ‘To Mary-Anne’.

1933 R. Kipling Souvenirs of France ii. 53 I asked a friend, an Alsatian General, whence the flood of material had come. ‘From Marianne’, was the reply. ‘She has all sorts of things like these in her stocking—when she needs them.’

1940 H. G. Wells Babes in Darkling Wood iv. iii. 374 Nor will Marianne be in a position to act the vindictive hostess this time... France and Britain had their chance of making a world peace in 1918, and they muffed it.

1962 Listener 12 July 57/2 Had Daumier wished to treat a similar theme we can be almost certain he would have selected Marianne or the Gallic cock as an impersonal national emblem.

1971 Guardian 3 Apr. 3/5 There is no official model for the bust of Marianne, the incarnation of the Republic, found in every Mairie in France.

1984 Coin Monthly Jan. 42/1 Marianne was depicted on the obverse, facing left and with the legend Republique francaise.

1997 J. Williams Money viii. 194/1 The front of the note shows an African mother and child embraced by Marianne, the personification of France, wearing a laurel crown.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	marianne
释义	Mariannen. Brit. /ˌmarɪˈan/, U.S. /ˌmɛrɪˈæn/ Forms: 1800s– Marianne, 1800s– Mary-Anne (rare). Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French Marianne. Etymology: < French Marianne, personification of the French Republic, usually portrayed as a female figure wearing a Phrygian cap, spec. application of the female forename Marianne (see Mary n.¹); the reason for its adoption is not known for certain.A proclamation of the Republic of 22 Sept. 1792 announced that the symbol of the new regime would be a female figure representing the goddess of liberty. It was probably soon after this that an Occitan song entitled La Garisou de Marianno was composed by the Republican poet Guillaume Lavabre of Puylaurens (department of Tarn). A song called La Marianno is reported to have been sung at festivals in the mid 19th cent. in the town of Castres (Tarn), in front of the statue of the Republic, which the locals called ‘La Marianno’. Occitan Marianno (French Marianne ) was probably applied to the personification of the Republic, as represented in statues and songs, as it was a common female forename. The association of the name Marianno with the Republican movement seems to have been maintained in the south of France from the revolutionary era until the 1850s, when it entered the national political vocabulary in the standard French form Marianne . This was used as the password of a Republican secret society formed in France after the coup of 1851 with the aim of restoring a Republican government, and then to denote the society itself (see quot. 1855). See C. Laux, ‘D'où vient donc Marianne?’, Annales historiques de la Révolution Française (1983) Oct.–Dec. 628–31. colloquial. The Republican form of government in France; (by extension) the French Republic personified. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > a or the system of government > government by the people or their delegates > [noun] > republican system republica1646 republicanism1685 Marianne1870 society > authority > rule or government > politics > French politics > [noun] > political associations or societies Marianne1870 Rallié1898 Situationist International1958 Action Directe1980 the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > France or Frankish land > [noun] Marianne1933 1855 Times 2 Nov. 6/7 Thirty-three individuals, affiliated to the secret society of the Marianne, were tried on the 30th ult. by the Court of Correctional Police of Angers. Four were acquitted.] 1870 B. Disraeli Lothair I. xi. 100 Our refreshment at council is very spare..but we always drink one toast... It is to one whom you love and whom you have served well. Fill glasses, brethren, and now ‘To Mary-Anne’. 1933 R. Kipling Souvenirs of France ii. 53 I asked a friend, an Alsatian General, whence the flood of material had come. ‘From Marianne’, was the reply. ‘She has all sorts of things like these in her stocking—when she needs them.’ 1940 H. G. Wells Babes in Darkling Wood iv. iii. 374 Nor will Marianne be in a position to act the vindictive hostess this time... France and Britain had their chance of making a world peace in 1918, and they muffed it. 1962 Listener 12 July 57/2 Had Daumier wished to treat a similar theme we can be almost certain he would have selected Marianne or the Gallic cock as an impersonal national emblem. 1971 Guardian 3 Apr. 3/5 There is no official model for the bust of Marianne, the incarnation of the Republic, found in every Mairie in France. 1984 Coin Monthly Jan. 42/1 Marianne was depicted on the obverse, facing left and with the legend Republique francaise. 1997 J. Williams Money viii. 194/1 The front of the note shows an African mother and child embraced by Marianne, the personification of France, wearing a laurel crown. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1870
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