mattien.

Brit.

/ˈmati/,

/ˈmatʃi/, U.S.

/ˈmædi/,

/ˈmætʃi/

Forms:

α. Scottish 1700s markiss (transmission error), 1700s matkie, 1700s matkiss.

β. 1700s– matje; Scottish 1800s– matje, 1900s– Matja, 1900s– mattje.

γ. 1800s– matie, 1800s– mattie, 1800s– maty; English regional 1800s– matie (East Anglian); Scottish 1800s– matie, 1800s– mattie.

δ. Scottish 1900s– madgie (north-eastern), 1900s– matchie (Shetland).

Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch maatjes.

Etymology: Partly < Dutch maatjes (1667 as †maetjes ), short for maatjesharing ( > German regional (Low German) Maatjes-hering (18th cent.)), alteration of early modern Dutch maetgens haringh (1604), maeghdekens haerinck (1599), Middle Dutch medykens hering , meeckens hering (1466–7) < Middle Dutch māgedekijn girl ( < māghet maiden n. + -kijn , diminutive suffix: compare -kin suffix) + harinc herring n.; and partly < the similarly formed German regional (Low German) Madikes-hering (Middle Low German mādikes hērink ). Compare maid n.¹ 8, maiden n. 5, and fair maid n. 2.The -s of the Dutch and Low German forms was probably originally interpreted as the plural suffix, whence English singular forms without -s . The wide variation in forms suggests that independent borrowing may have occurred over a long period. The α. forms represent a borrowing of a form with -k- of the diminutive suffix intact (compare German regional (Bremen) madikes-hering ); the γ. forms and δ. forms reflect differing pronunciations of Dutch or Low German maatje ; in all of these forms the ending has been assimilated to -y suffix⁶. The γ. forms reflect a lesser degree of assimilation than the others, and in recent use probably represent an independent English shortening of matjes herring n.

A young herring in which the roe or milt is not fully developed, esp. one which has been salted or pickled at this stage. Also more generally: any salted or pickled (filleted) herring. Also more fully mattie herring.In quot. 1721 at α. used allusively as a mock form of address to the Netherlands.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > herring

herringa700

white herring1469

meat herring1668

mattie1721

trash1749

Glasgow magistrate1833

crown fulls1854

full1854

fat herring1863

matjes herring1939

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > subclass Actinopterygii > order Clupeiformes > [noun] > family Clupeidae and herrings > member of > in good condition

mattie1721

fat herring1863

α.

1721 A. Ramsay Poems (1953) I. 162 Dare she [sc. Scotland] nane of her Herrings sel or prive, Afore she say, Dear Matkie [sc. Holland] wi' ye'r leave?

1750 Scots Mag. Aug. 396 The matkiss herring, which is of the smallest kind.

1773 Caledonian Mercury 7 Aug. in Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) A few Ankers of Matkie cured Picked Herrings, of the very best quality.

β. 1790 T. Coxe Notes on Dutch & Prussian Fisheries in J. P. Boyd Papers T. Jefferson (1974) XIX. 180 Full hering from Holland..Matjes do.1864 J. M. Mitchell Herring 114 The full herrings (herrings full of milt and roe) [are] separated from matjes (herrings with the milt and roe of a small size).1898 Shetland News 27 Aug. 4/6 Excluding the Lewis and Barra matje fishings.c1938 Fortnum & Masons Price List 27/2 Herrings, Matje..per tin 1/6.1952 Scots Mag. Sept. 462 The early season's large Matja herring, lightly salted.1958 W. Bickel tr. R. Hering Dict. Classical & Mod. Cookery 198 Small herrings..are called streamlings, young female herrings Matjes.1997 C. Roden Bk. Jewish Food 61/1 When you buy salt herring, find out from the shopkeeper how much soaking it needs. Matjes need only 1 hour.γ. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 243/2 Maties.1863 Rep. Royal Comm. Operation Acts Trawling for Herring Scotl. 26 in Parl. Papers (C. 3106) XVIII. 139 The herring is found under four different conditions: 1st, Fry or Sill; 2d, Maties or Fat Herring; 3d, Full Herring; 4th, Shotten or Spent Herring.1864 Macmillan's Mag. Aug. 344 In the next [sc. the second] stage of the herring, it is called a matie.1866 J. G. Nall Great Yarmouth & Lowestoft 280 The fry pass imperceptibly into Maties, in length from six inches to thirteen... Internally, a matie is characterised by two peculiarities—the quantity of fat.., and the small size of the roe.1883 Great Internat. Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 69 1 Barrel Mattie Herrings.1894 R. Leighton Wreck Golden Fleece 38 Not many maties among 'em, eh?—Maties? No. I aren't seen a dacent-sized herrin come aboard yet.1911 R. J. Duthie Art Fishcuring 18 The mattie brand is put upon barrels of small-sized herrings that are ineligible for any of the other brands. They must, however, be at least 9 in. long.1989 R. A. Watt Gloss. Sc. Dial. Fish & Trade Names 4 Mattie, maiden herring.δ. 1962 in Sc. National Dict. (1965) VI. 218/3 Madgies are sometimes distinguished from matties by being selected from larger herring, more lightly cured and exported for immediate consumption.1979 J. J. Graham Shetland Dict. 52/1 Matchie, immature female herring.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	mattie
释义	mattien. Brit. /ˈmati/, /ˈmatʃi/, U.S. /ˈmædi/, /ˈmætʃi/ Forms: α. Scottish 1700s markiss (transmission error), 1700s matkie, 1700s matkiss. β. 1700s– matje; Scottish 1800s– matje, 1900s– Matja, 1900s– mattje. γ. 1800s– matie, 1800s– mattie, 1800s– maty; English regional 1800s– matie (East Anglian); Scottish 1800s– matie, 1800s– mattie. δ. Scottish 1900s– madgie (north-eastern), 1900s– matchie (Shetland). Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch maatjes. Etymology: Partly < Dutch maatjes (1667 as †maetjes ), short for maatjesharing ( > German regional (Low German) Maatjes-hering (18th cent.)), alteration of early modern Dutch maetgens haringh (1604), maeghdekens haerinck (1599), Middle Dutch medykens hering , meeckens hering (1466–7) < Middle Dutch māgedekijn girl ( < māghet maiden n. + -kijn , diminutive suffix: compare -kin suffix) + harinc herring n.; and partly < the similarly formed German regional (Low German) Madikes-hering (Middle Low German mādikes hērink ). Compare maid n.¹ 8, maiden n. 5, and fair maid n. 2.The -s of the Dutch and Low German forms was probably originally interpreted as the plural suffix, whence English singular forms without -s . The wide variation in forms suggests that independent borrowing may have occurred over a long period. The α. forms represent a borrowing of a form with -k- of the diminutive suffix intact (compare German regional (Bremen) madikes-hering ); the γ. forms and δ. forms reflect differing pronunciations of Dutch or Low German maatje ; in all of these forms the ending has been assimilated to -y suffix⁶. The γ. forms reflect a lesser degree of assimilation than the others, and in recent use probably represent an independent English shortening of matjes herring n. A young herring in which the roe or milt is not fully developed, esp. one which has been salted or pickled at this stage. Also more generally: any salted or pickled (filleted) herring. Also more fully mattie herring.In quot. 1721 at α. used allusively as a mock form of address to the Netherlands. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > herring herringa700 white herring1469 meat herring1668 mattie1721 trash1749 Glasgow magistrate1833 crown fulls1854 full1854 fat herring1863 matjes herring1939 the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > subclass Actinopterygii > order Clupeiformes > [noun] > family Clupeidae and herrings > member of > in good condition mattie1721 fat herring1863 α. 1721 A. Ramsay Poems (1953) I. 162 Dare she [sc. Scotland] nane of her Herrings sel or prive, Afore she say, Dear Matkie [sc. Holland] wi' ye'r leave? 1750 Scots Mag. Aug. 396 The matkiss herring, which is of the smallest kind. 1773 Caledonian Mercury 7 Aug. in Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) A few Ankers of Matkie cured Picked Herrings, of the very best quality. β. 1790 T. Coxe Notes on Dutch & Prussian Fisheries in J. P. Boyd Papers T. Jefferson (1974) XIX. 180 Full hering from Holland..Matjes do.1864 J. M. Mitchell Herring 114 The full herrings (herrings full of milt and roe) [are] separated from matjes (herrings with the milt and roe of a small size).1898 Shetland News 27 Aug. 4/6 Excluding the Lewis and Barra matje fishings.c1938 Fortnum & Masons Price List 27/2 Herrings, Matje..per tin 1/6.1952 Scots Mag. Sept. 462 The early season's large Matja herring, lightly salted.1958 W. Bickel tr. R. Hering Dict. Classical & Mod. Cookery 198 Small herrings..are called streamlings, young female herrings Matjes.1997 C. Roden Bk. Jewish Food 61/1 When you buy salt herring, find out from the shopkeeper how much soaking it needs. Matjes need only 1 hour.γ. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 243/2 Maties.1863 Rep. Royal Comm. Operation Acts Trawling for Herring Scotl. 26 in Parl. Papers (C. 3106) XVIII. 139 The herring is found under four different conditions: 1st, Fry or Sill; 2d, Maties or Fat Herring; 3d, Full Herring; 4th, Shotten or Spent Herring.1864 Macmillan's Mag. Aug. 344 In the next [sc. the second] stage of the herring, it is called a matie.1866 J. G. Nall Great Yarmouth & Lowestoft 280 The fry pass imperceptibly into Maties, in length from six inches to thirteen... Internally, a matie is characterised by two peculiarities—the quantity of fat.., and the small size of the roe.1883 Great Internat. Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 69 1 Barrel Mattie Herrings.1894 R. Leighton Wreck Golden Fleece 38 Not many maties among 'em, eh?—Maties? No. I aren't seen a dacent-sized herrin come aboard yet.1911 R. J. Duthie Art Fishcuring 18 The mattie brand is put upon barrels of small-sized herrings that are ineligible for any of the other brands. They must, however, be at least 9 in. long.1989 R. A. Watt Gloss. Sc. Dial. Fish & Trade Names 4 Mattie, maiden herring.δ. 1962 in Sc. National Dict. (1965) VI. 218/3 Madgies are sometimes distinguished from matties by being selected from larger herring, more lightly cured and exported for immediate consumption.1979 J. J. Graham Shetland Dict. 52/1 Matchie, immature female herring. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online June 2022). > as lemmas mat-tie †10. Bast used for tying plants. Also mat-tie. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > fibre or cloth to tie plants tack1545 Russia mat1737 shreds1796 mat1824 raffia1850 fillis1900 1824 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening (ed. 2) §1514 The flat-headed..nail, used either with lists, loops of cord, or mat; and the eyed..nail, used with mat-ties. 1824 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening (ed. 2) §1519 When mat, bark, rush,..or straw are used [for tying]. extracted from matn.¹ < n.1721 as lemmas
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mattien.

> as lemmas