manufacturen.

Brit.

/ˌmanjᵿˈfaktʃə/, U.S.

/ˌmæn(j)əˈfæk(t)ʃər/

Forms: 1500s– manufacture, 1600s manifactur, 1600s manifacture, 1600s mannifacture, 1600s manufactur, 1600s manuffacture; Scottish pre-1700 manufactor, pre-1700 1700s– manufacture.

Origin: Probably a borrowing from French. Etymon: French manufacture.

Etymology: Probably < Middle French, French manufacture action or process of making (1443, in 16th cent. also manifacture ), factory (1537) < classical Latin manū , ablative singular of manus hand (see manus n.¹) + Middle French facture facture n., perhaps after an unattested post-classical Latin form; compare slightly later post-classical Latin manifactura (1458, in a papal document; 1617 in a British source in sense ‘manufactured article’) and Italian manifattura (1447), Old Occitan manufatura (1450); also Spanish manufactura (1633 as manifatura ), Portuguese manufactura (1784 or earlier). The English word may perhaps be an independent formation from the corresponding elements: compare earlier manufact adj. and facture n.With sense 1b perhaps compare Dutch manufacturen (plural) manufactured articles, especially drapery (1607).

I. Production of goods; an article produced by hand, in a factory, etc.

†a. An article made by hand; a person's handiwork. Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > work > product of work > [noun] > done by hand

handworkOE

craftworkc1425

manufacture1567

handiworka1680

handicraft1891

craft1911

handcraft1920

1567 N. Sanders Treat. Images viii. 72 Yet the image is rather a manufacture, to wit, a thing wrought vpon a creature by the artificers hand, then a seueral creature of it self.

1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso i. xxxix. 78 Liberty may be rather said to be a Divine Manifacture, then any humane work.

1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Baucis & Philemon in Fables 156 Heav'ns Pow'r is Infinite: Earth, Air, and Sea, The Manufacture Mass, the making Pow'r obey.

1726 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey V. xx. 254 O Jove!.. Unpiteous of the race thy will began,..thy manufacture, man.

b. An article, material, or commodity produced by physical labour, machinery, etc. †Formerly also as a mass noun.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [noun] > manufactured article or product

workOE

making1340

manufacture1587

preparation1590

manufactory1653

manufact1664

manufacturage1665

fabric1753

end-product1939

run-off1952

1587 T. Wilkes in H. Brugmans Correspondentie van R. Dudley (1931) 436 That the bringing of marchandizes from the enemy, termed manufactures, was greatly preiudyciall to that province.

1601 J. Wheeler Treat. Commerce 52 [She] banished out of the low Countries all Manufacture, or handie-worke, as Bayes, &c. made in Englande, Clothe, and Kersye onely excepted.

1611 J. Donne in T. Coryate Crudities sig. d3^v If they stoope lower yet, and vent our wares Home-manufactures, to thicke popular faires.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxiv. 127 Common-wealths..have..encreased their Power..by selling the Manifactures.

a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 229 The inhabitants..brought with them a great deal of manufacture, which was lying on the hands of the clothiers and others.

1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 108 Colchester Bays, a coarse Rug-like Manufacture.

1766 G. G. Beekman Let. 2 May in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) I. 497 Numbers of Person in this and the other Citys are now Clothed Chiefly in our own manufactures.

1809 E. A. Kendall Trav. Northern Parts U.S. II. xlvi. 132 The manufacture, of the process of which the following is the outline, is sea-salt.

1890 Spectator 26 Apr. The commercial proposals were at once rejected as giving them dear manufactures.

1901 Q. Jrnl. Econ. 15 248 The manufactural attribute of specific form, according to a human design, which it is the aim of manufactures to impart.

1990 William & Mary Q. 47 568 Small merchants, tradesmen, and farmers proposed the Land Bank or Manufactory Scheme..secured by real estate and redeemable in enumerated local manufactures or commodities.

†a. An act or process of making something as if by hand. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [noun] > making by hand

manufacture1605

manuduction1772

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. G4^v It is not sette downe, that God sayd, Let there be Heauen and Earth,..but actually, that God made Heauen and earth: the one carrying the stile of a Manufacture, and the other of a..decree.

b. The action or process of making or producing articles, material, or a commodity (in modern use, usually on a large scale) by physical labour, machinery, etc. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [noun]

makinglOE

workinga1382

forge1390

fashion1463

facture1574

workmanship1578

fabrication1602

manufaction1602

opificec1616

manufacture1622

makec1631

manufactorya1641

manufact1647

manufacturage1665

manufacturing1669

production1767

mfg.1854

artificing1866

process work1881

machine-production1898

metal-bending1964

1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 215 This Law pointed at a true Principle; That where forraine materials are but Superfluities, forraine Manufactures should bee prohibited. For that will either banish the Superfluitie, or gain the Manufacture.

1662 G. Torriano 2nd Alphabet Proverbial Phrases ii. 217/1 at Todeschi To be as the Suisses, viz. who have their wits in their hands, applying much to Manifacture.

1679 J. Dryden in T. Shadwell True Widow Prol. sig. A3^v Vice, (the Manufacture of the Nation) O're-stocks the Town so much, and thrives so well, That Fopps and Knaves grow Druggs, and will not sell.

c1735 in B. Willson Great Company (1899) 238 Lastly on the list featured the Mittain beaver, which were utilized in the manufacture of mittens.

1762 A. Dickson Treat. Agric. iv. iv. 418 The custom of using sand in the manufacture of brick.

1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 1 The most perfect manufacture is that which dispenses entirely with manual labour.

1880 S. Haughton Six Lect. Physical Geogr. v. 204 The conditions to be fulfilled by a continent, for the successful manufacture of rivers, are [etc.].

1887 W. Gladstone in Daily News 10 Jan. 6/1 The most interesting of all manufactures, in my judgment, is the manufacture, apart from the production, of books.

1892 S. R. Gardiner Student's Hist. Eng. 8 The tin which they needed for the manufacture of bronze.

1912 H. H. Juta Reminisc. Western Circuit 148 I firmly believe that the evil and pernicious system of ‘by-woonerschap’ is more responsible for the manufacture of the poor white than anything else.

1937 Public Opinion Q. Oct. 19 The public distrust of monopoly..has necessitated the manufacture of a counter ideology.

1972 Amer. Sociol. Rev. 37 408 The manufacture of deviance: the case of the Soviet purge, 1936–38.

1992 D. Robins Tarnished Vision x. 103 The Yardies..had secured themselves a number of bases for the sale and manufacture of drugs in the area.

c. A particular branch or form of productive industry. Often with prefixed noun, as linen manufacture, woollen manufacture, worsted manufacture.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > [noun]

industry?1566

manufacture1638

manufact1647

manufactory1832

1638 in J. C. Tingey Rec. City of Norwich (1910) II. 263 The stuffes made or mixed by them with wooll being a great manufacture of this kingdom.

1643 Ordinance Lords & Commons in H. Parker Of Free Trade (1648) The better maintenance of the Trade of Clothing, and the Woollen Manufacture of the Kingdom.

1670 Sir S. Crowe in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 15 If that manifacture [of hangings] had beene under my charge.

1683 J. Poyntz (title) The Present Prospect of the famous and fertile Island of Tobago. With a Description of the Situation, Growth, Fertility and Manufacture of the said Island.

1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. iv. viii. 276 By means of trade and manufactures, a greater quantity of subsistence can be annually imported.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 490 The late [Portuguese] minister of state,..found it impracticable to raise a glass manufacture into consequence.

1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 33 The capitalist has merely to state..the nature of his manufacture,..when he will be furnished with..estimates.

1843 Penny Cycl. XXVII. 555/2 The connection between employers and employed, buyers and sellers, in the woollen and worsted manufactures.

1882 L. P. Brockett Our Country's Wealth & Influence 162/1 Mr Slater, the father of American cotton manufactures.

1900 Westm. Gaz. 17 July 6/3 The neighbourhood..from being the cradle of the Portland Cement industry, has now become the chief seat of the manufacture.

1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) i. 42 Cymogene is compressed and liquefied, and can be used for ice manufacture.

1987 Holiday Which? Sept. 177/2 You can follow the process of woollen manufacture from beginning to end.

d. of home (also foreign, English, etc.) manufacture: manufactured in the place, manner, period, etc., specified.

ΚΠ

1669 S. Sturmy Summary of Penalties & Forfeitures in Mariners Mag. 1 Goods of the growth, production, and manufacture of Asia.

1756 R. Rolt New Dict. Trade (at cited word) It is now prohibited to fine-draw pieces of foreign manufacture upon those made in Great Britain.

1782 J. H. St. J. de Crèvecoeur Lett. from Amer. Farmer viii. 202 First days are the only seasons when it is lawful for both sexes to exhibit some garments of English manufacture.

1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire II. iii. v. 169 A single article, either of domestic or foreign growth or manufacture.

1844 tr. M. T. Asmar Mem. Babylonian Princess II. 168 Beschir sat on a handsome chair..of English manufacture.

1894 W. C. Russell in Idler Sept. 130 A small brass cannon of very antique pattern and manufacture.

1902 R. N. Bain tr. Tales from Gorky ix. 263 The chums were going along the high-road smoking makharka cigars of their own manufacture.

1930 D. Parker Laments for Living 62 The ash-receivers, of Japanese manufacture, were in the form of grotesque heads.

1978 A. Melville-Ross Blindfold iv. 26 A single ‘Sarin’ or ‘Tabun’ shell of British manufacture found its way to Egypt.

3. A manufacturing establishment or business; a factory. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > factory > [noun]

mill1403

work1581

factory1618

manufacture1623

manuary1625

manufactory1641

fabric1656

hong1726

plant1789

machinery1799

usine1858

oficina1889

officina1906

1623 Privy Council Reg. 30 May (Publ. Rec. Office PC2/31) 375 Many seuerall Manufactures, whein [sic] multitudes of people are sett on worke.

1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xi. 35 Having seen..the Custom-house, the River, the Army, the Manufactures, stores of Powder, and other particulars..she was lodged in a fair house.

1704 D. Defoe in 15th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1897) App. iv. 88 All my prospects were built on a manufacture I had erected in Essex.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Manufacture,..Also a Workhouse, or Place where such Works are carry'd on.

a1722 J. Lauder Hist. Notices Sc. Affairs (1848) I. 166 The sugar-baking at Leith is declared a manufactor already.

1783 J. O. Justamond tr. G. T. F. Raynal Philos. Hist. Europeans in Indies (new ed.) I. 370 The malversations that prevail in the manufactures, magazines, docks and arsenals at Batavia.

1796 Duke of Rutland Jrnl. 18 July in Tour N. Parts Great Brit. (1813) 9 From hence we proceeded to a great cotton-manufacture belonging to Messrs. Columbine; but found we were too late, as the men had all left work for dinner.

1802 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 8 87 To establish in London a laboratory, or manufacture of artificial mineral waters.

1880 Cornhill Mag. Dec. 673 The growth of manufactures..had been unpopulating the country to swell the towns.

1903 H. James Ambassadors ii. iv. 44 The concern's a manufacture—and a manufacture that, if it's only properly looked after, may well be on the way to become a monopoly.

1909 Bulletin (Sydney) 22 Apr. 13/4 Until you have manufactures, and more people in the towns, cockying here won't make any Jimmy Tysons.

†4. The action or process of working with the hands; a manual occupation, a handicraft. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > work > [noun] > manual work

handcraftOE

craftworkOE

handworkOE

manual labour?1406

handworking?a1425

manoeuvre1479

hand labour1517

handiwork1525

handicrafta1535

manuary1581

mechanic1605

manufacture1625

arm labour1677

mechanics1726

hag1797

hag-work1841

1625 C. Burges New Discouery Personal Tithes 7 Such as liue vpon Trade, or other Bargaining, or Manu-facture.

1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 45 The other prophaner sort, the men of warre and manifactures, have [etc.].

1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam 52 Doth it become you..to..take up the Manufacture of cutting your Subjects throats?

1660 Boston Rec. (1877) II. 156 No person shall..occupy any manufacture or science, till hee hath compleated 21 years of age.

1699 M. Lister Journey to Paris (new ed.) 63 A private Anatomy Room is to one not accustomed to this kind of Manufacture, very irksome.

II. Extended uses.

5. Production of a work of art, book, play, etc., regarded in terms of craft rather than creativity; (depreciative) unimaginative, uninspired, or commercially-motivated writing, artistry, etc. Also: a book, etc., produced in this way.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > the arts in general > [noun] > lack of art

manufacture1688

barbarity1860

1688 T. Brown Reasons Mr. Bays 23 The manufacture of Poetry, (pray observe me Gentlemen, I call it a manufacture, because to my self it is more the trouble of the fingers than the labour of the brain).

1800 M. Edgeworth Castle Rackrent Pref. p. v Those who are used to literary manufacture know how much is often sacrificed to the rounding of a period or the pointing an antithesis.

1829 T. Carlyle German Playwrights in Crit. & Misc. Ess. (1840) II. 92 Herein lies the difference between creation and manufacture.

1871 F. T. Palgrave Lyrical Poems 135 The tale and the legend were gay Manufactures well wrought for the day.

1872 J. Ruskin Eagle's Nest §88 Ignorance discontented, and dexterous,..imitating what it cannot enjoy, produces the most loathsome forms of manufacture.

1875 Ladies' Repository Jan. 25/1 Trollope sneeringly remarks that..her glorification..of ‘the late cavalry captain’ was merely..a part of her stock in trade for the manufacture of poetry.

1910 G. B. Shaw Brieux 13 The manufacture of well made plays is not an art: it is an industry.

6. Deliberate fabrication of falsehoods or propaganda, esp. on a large scale.

ΚΠ

1788 B. Franklin On Abuse of Press in Writings (1987) 1150 Those Papers are the Manufacture of foreign Enemies among you, who write with a view of disgracing your Country.

1865 T. W. Knox Camp-fire & Cotton-field 91 During the late Rebellion, the brains of the Southern States were wonderfully fertile in the manufacture of falsehood.

1939 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 44 925 The manufacture of propaganda—much of it deliberately misleading—has already become a major industry nearly everywhere in the world.

1970 F. L. Klement Limits of Dissent 242 The manufacture of lies was a common political practice.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

manufacturev.

Brit.

/ˌmanjᵿˈfaktʃə/, U.S.

/ˌmæn(j)əˈfæk(t)ʃər/

Forms: 1600s– manufacture, 1700s manufactor.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: manufacture n.

Etymology: < manufacture n. Compare Middle French, French manufacturer (c1576; 1538 as participial adjective), post-classical Latin manifacturare (a1567 in a document from Genoa), Italian manifatturare (Florio, 1598). Compare slightly earlier unmanufactured adj.

a. transitive. To make (a product, goods, etc.) from, of, or out of raw material; to produce (goods) by physical labour, machinery, etc., now esp. on a large scale. Also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > manufacture or produce [verb (transitive)]

i-wurchec888

makeeOE

workOE

dighta1175

outworka1325

forge1382

tiffa1400

fabricate1598

elaborate1611

produce1612

manufacture1648

to work off1653

output1858

productionize1939

1648 H. Parker Of Free Trade 21 All other English Merchants..may buy, and vend again all sorts of English Wares that are fully manufactured.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Manufacture, to make by art and labour.

1794 Columbian Gazetteer 6 Feb. 3/3 (advt.) Shall we object to this tune, merely because it is of foreign growth? Certain no. Scarcely a tune that is played is manufactured in America.

1825 J. R. McCulloch Princ. Polit. Econ. i. 35 The facilities given to the exportation of goods manufactured at home.

1849 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 65 373/1 The manufacturers..manufactured paupers. Where the land produced one pauper, manufacturers created half-a-dozen.

1866 13th Ann. Fair Calif. State Agric. Soc.: Premium List 17/1 For the first 25 bags of sugar of 100 pounds each, manufactured from sorghum..$125 00. For the first 25 bags of sugar of 100 pounds each, manufactured from sugar cane..125 00.

1878 W. S. Jevons Polit. Econ. 25 We cannot manufacture any goods unless we have some matter to work upon.

1901 B. T. Washington Up from Slavery x. 152 Last season our students manufactured twelve hundred thousand of first-class bricks, of a quality suitable to be sold in any market.

1904 N. M. Mustain Pop. Amusem. in & out of Doors 342/2 If nothing else is procurable, they can be manufactured out of a couple of sheets of stiff white paper, rolled up tightly into a tapering form.

1922 ‘R. Crompton’ More William (1924) xii. 198 He often whiled away the dullest hours..by..throwing paper pellets at her (manufactured previously for the purpose).

1942 E. Langley Pea Pickers i. 4 He carried on a thriving business of dried tea leaves from which he manufactured reconditioned tea.

1970 Let. 8 July in Decisions Comptroller Gen. U.S. 50 (U.S. General Accounting Office) 241 Offerors will be requested to submit separate prices on blades manufactured of carbon steel and blades manufactured of stainless steel.

1987 C. Thubron Behind Wall iii. 68 China, alone in the world, still manufactures steam engines—blackly gleaming heavyweights.

b. transitive. In extended use (chiefly depreciative): to produce (literary work) in a mechanical or formulaic way, with little or no creativity, imagination, or originality.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > be the author of or write (a work) [verb (transitive)] > compose by mere industry

manufacture1771

1771 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. l. 192 He seems to manufacture his verses for the sole use of the hero.

1809 Ld. Byron Eng. Bards & Sc. Reviewers 4 (note) The poem was manufactured for Messrs. Constable, Murray, and Miller, worshipful Booksellers, in consideration of the receipt of a sum of money; and truly, considering the inspiration, it is a very creditable production.

1856 Ladies' Repository Mar. 170/2 Let us again manufacture some verse..and try if it satisfies the idea of poetry.

1876 G. O. Trevelyan Life & Lett. Macaulay I. iii. 134 He was fond of setting himself to manufacture conceits resembling those on the heroes of the Trojan War.

1904 Encycl. Americana VI. at Dumas, Alexandre It was not till he had secured a front rank in literature by his own exertions that he descended to the unworthy plan of employing assistants to manufacture novels to order.

1957 Américas (Eng. ed.) Sept. 36/3 Actually I am a novelist,…but I don't ‘manufacture’ novels. I have them within me, and I write them, simply, unhurriedly, without any idea that they will be published or read.

c. transitive. Of a person, organism, organ, etc.: to produce (a substance, energy, etc.) through a biological process.

ΚΠ

1851 S. A. Cartwright in Debow's Rev. Aug. 194 Looking at a negro asleep, breathing the mephitic air called carbonic acid gas, manufactured in his own lungs.

1876 J. S. Bristowe Treat. Theory & Pract. Med. ii. vi. 854 The liver, besides manufacturing bile, is also an organ for [etc.].

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 464 Poisons manufactured within the system can act in a similar manner.

1974 A. J. Huxley Plant & Planet (1978) i. 12 Unique characteristic of plants is their capacity to manufacture energy from light.

1994 Jrnl. Hist. Ideas 55 190 Galen had given prominence to the liver as the organ which continually manufactures blood.

a. transitive. To make up or bring (raw material, ingredients, etc.) into a form suitable for use; to work up as or convert into a specified product. Also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > fashion, shape, or form > work up

edify1382

builda1425

to erect into1670

manufacture1683

1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 81 Milk likewise altered and Manufactur'd (if I may call it so) by the good House-Wives Art and Industry, yields many other sorts of good Food.

1683 Britanniæ Speculum 13 Very fine Wooll..but being manufactured into Cloth and Stuffs, is dispersed all over the World.

1716 J. Arbuthnot To Mayor & Aldermen City of London: Humble Petition 2 Totally prohibit the Confining and Manufacturing the Sun-Beams for any of the useful Purposes of Life.

1761 E. Gibbon Jrnl. 4 Aug. in Misc. Wks. (1796) I. 107 It may afford such a fund of materials as I desire, which have not yet been properly manufactured.

1798 T. Jones Memoirs (1951) 138 This Tablebeer, with the addition of Brandy, Rum or Geneva, he was manufactoring into Flip.

1842 J. Aiton Clerical Econ. iv. 178 The method of manufacturing the milk just described, that is, of churning the whole into butter.

1883 Times 2 Apr. 4 A factory in which the ‘leaf’..is manufactured into tea.

1902 Ardrossan Herald 31 Jan. 2/3 The multure is a quantity of grain..sometimes manufactured as flour, meal, sheeling.

1903 Philos. Rev. 12 620 In man..that raw material, that sensible and single picture of that individual..tree may, by the mysterious process of intuition that we call abstraction, be converted, manufactured, into the intellectual universal representation of the tree in itself.

1935 L. Melville Errol 65 Hundreds of tons of potatoes were manufactured into farina at this mill.

1991 Amer. Q. 43 686 Travel destinations such as Sea World or Disneyland..where nature or history is manipulated and manufactured into entertainment rather than preserved.

†b. intransitive. Of a raw material: to permit of being manufactured. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > manufacture [verb (intransitive)]

manufacture1763

1763 Museum Rusticum (1764) 1 12 The flax thus managed dresses and manufactures much better.

3. transitive. To invent (a fiction); to deliberately fabricate (a story, statement, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > fabrication of statement or story > invent, concoct [verb (transitive)]

forgec1386

contrivec1400

commentc1450

dissimule1483

devisea1535

invent1535

fable1553

coin1561

to make upc1650

manufacture1700

to tell the tale1717

fabricate1779

concoct1792

fob1805

mythologize1851

fabulate1856

phoney1940

1700 R. Blackmore Song of Moses in Paraphr. Job 243 The Fools, the Gods they serve, themselves create, All upstart Deitys of modern Date. Gods the productions of fantastic Fear, Not Gods above, but manufactur'd here.

1762 E. Gibbon Misc. Wks. (1814) IV. 110 The speech is evidently manufactured by the historian.

1777 A. Hamilton Let. 29 July in Papers (1961) I. 294 Prisoners..know very well how to manufacture stories calculated to serve the purposes of the side they belong to.

1839 T. Carlyle French Revol. (ed. 2) III. v. vi. 300 The largest, most inspiring piece of blague manufactured, for some centuries.

1862 J. H. Burton Book-hunter ii. 125 Irish bulls..manufactured for the..anecdote-books betray their artificial origin.

1902 B. L. Gildersleeve in Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 23 449 The ancients manufactured a hostility between Homer and Hesiod, Pindar and Bakchylides, Aischylos and Sophocles.

1988 ‘R. Deacon’ Spyclopaedia 51 Boss..made attempts to manufacture evidence against..Western politicians.

4. transitive. To manage or contrive to make (a gesture, etc.); to perform (an act) or bring about (a situation, an occurrence, etc.) by artifice or contrivance.

ΚΠ

1915 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Island xv. 151 ‘Why, Anne, you don't seem a bit pleased!’ she exclaimed. Anne instantly manufactured a smile and put it on.

1940 E. Hemingway For whom Bell Tolls xviii. 230 You couldn't wait for the real Peasant Leader to arrive and he might have too many peasant characteristics when he did. So you had to manufacture one.

1976 Evening Post (Nottingham) 17 Dec. 31/6 Billy Ashcroft and Bobby Shinton, a £20,000 buy from Cambridge, form a dangerous partnership and with the experienced Arfon Griffiths capable of manufacturing openings, it is a test of character for Peter Morris's side.

1988 Golf Monthly June 135/1 Best of all was the 8-iron she manufactured from the back edge of a fairway bunker at the 323 yards 16th.

1996 A. Ghosh Calcutta Chromosome (1997) vii. 37 Various people within the organization put their heads together and manufactured a small research project that would allow him to spend some time in Calcutta.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	manufacture
释义	manufacturen. Brit. /ˌmanjᵿˈfaktʃə/, U.S. /ˌmæn(j)əˈfæk(t)ʃər/ Forms: 1500s– manufacture, 1600s manifactur, 1600s manifacture, 1600s mannifacture, 1600s manufactur, 1600s manuffacture; Scottish pre-1700 manufactor, pre-1700 1700s– manufacture. Origin: Probably a borrowing from French. Etymon: French manufacture. Etymology: Probably < Middle French, French manufacture action or process of making (1443, in 16th cent. also manifacture ), factory (1537) < classical Latin manū , ablative singular of manus hand (see manus n.¹) + Middle French facture facture n., perhaps after an unattested post-classical Latin form; compare slightly later post-classical Latin manifactura (1458, in a papal document; 1617 in a British source in sense ‘manufactured article’) and Italian manifattura (1447), Old Occitan manufatura (1450); also Spanish manufactura (1633 as manifatura ), Portuguese manufactura (1784 or earlier). The English word may perhaps be an independent formation from the corresponding elements: compare earlier manufact adj. and facture n.With sense 1b perhaps compare Dutch manufacturen (plural) manufactured articles, especially drapery (1607). I. Production of goods; an article produced by hand, in a factory, etc. 1. †a. An article made by hand; a person's handiwork. Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > work > product of work > [noun] > done by hand handworkOE craftworkc1425 manufacture1567 handiworka1680 handicraft1891 craft1911 handcraft1920 1567 N. Sanders Treat. Images viii. 72 Yet the image is rather a manufacture, to wit, a thing wrought vpon a creature by the artificers hand, then a seueral creature of it self. 1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso i. xxxix. 78 Liberty may be rather said to be a Divine Manifacture, then any humane work. 1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Baucis & Philemon in Fables 156 Heav'ns Pow'r is Infinite: Earth, Air, and Sea, The Manufacture Mass, the making Pow'r obey. 1726 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey V. xx. 254 O Jove!.. Unpiteous of the race thy will began,..thy manufacture, man. b. An article, material, or commodity produced by physical labour, machinery, etc. †Formerly also as a mass noun. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [noun] > manufactured article or product workOE making1340 manufacture1587 preparation1590 manufactory1653 manufact1664 manufacturage1665 fabric1753 end-product1939 run-off1952 1587 T. Wilkes in H. Brugmans Correspondentie van R. Dudley (1931) 436 That the bringing of marchandizes from the enemy, termed manufactures, was greatly preiudyciall to that province. 1601 J. Wheeler Treat. Commerce 52 [She] banished out of the low Countries all Manufacture, or handie-worke, as Bayes, &c. made in Englande, Clothe, and Kersye onely excepted. 1611 J. Donne in T. Coryate Crudities sig. d3^v If they stoope lower yet, and vent our wares Home-manufactures, to thicke popular faires. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxiv. 127 Common-wealths..have..encreased their Power..by selling the Manifactures. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 229 The inhabitants..brought with them a great deal of manufacture, which was lying on the hands of the clothiers and others. 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 108 Colchester Bays, a coarse Rug-like Manufacture. 1766 G. G. Beekman Let. 2 May in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) I. 497 Numbers of Person in this and the other Citys are now Clothed Chiefly in our own manufactures. 1809 E. A. Kendall Trav. Northern Parts U.S. II. xlvi. 132 The manufacture, of the process of which the following is the outline, is sea-salt. 1890 Spectator 26 Apr. The commercial proposals were at once rejected as giving them dear manufactures. 1901 Q. Jrnl. Econ. 15 248 The manufactural attribute of specific form, according to a human design, which it is the aim of manufactures to impart. 1990 William & Mary Q. 47 568 Small merchants, tradesmen, and farmers proposed the Land Bank or Manufactory Scheme..secured by real estate and redeemable in enumerated local manufactures or commodities. 2. †a. An act or process of making something as if by hand. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [noun] > making by hand manufacture1605 manuduction1772 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. G4^v It is not sette downe, that God sayd, Let there be Heauen and Earth,..but actually, that God made Heauen and earth: the one carrying the stile of a Manufacture, and the other of a..decree. View more context for this quotation b. The action or process of making or producing articles, material, or a commodity (in modern use, usually on a large scale) by physical labour, machinery, etc. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [noun] makinglOE workinga1382 forge1390 fashion1463 facture1574 workmanship1578 fabrication1602 manufaction1602 opificec1616 manufacture1622 makec1631 manufactorya1641 manufact1647 manufacturage1665 manufacturing1669 production1767 mfg.1854 artificing1866 process work1881 machine-production1898 metal-bending1964 1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 215 This Law pointed at a true Principle; That where forraine materials are but Superfluities, forraine Manufactures should bee prohibited. For that will either banish the Superfluitie, or gain the Manufacture. 1662 G. Torriano 2nd Alphabet Proverbial Phrases ii. 217/1 at Todeschi To be as the Suisses, viz. who have their wits in their hands, applying much to Manifacture. 1679 J. Dryden in T. Shadwell True Widow Prol. sig. A3^v Vice, (the Manufacture of the Nation) O're-stocks the Town so much, and thrives so well, That Fopps and Knaves grow Druggs, and will not sell. c1735 in B. Willson Great Company (1899) 238 Lastly on the list featured the Mittain beaver, which were utilized in the manufacture of mittens. 1762 A. Dickson Treat. Agric. iv. iv. 418 The custom of using sand in the manufacture of brick. 1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 1 The most perfect manufacture is that which dispenses entirely with manual labour. 1880 S. Haughton Six Lect. Physical Geogr. v. 204 The conditions to be fulfilled by a continent, for the successful manufacture of rivers, are [etc.]. 1887 W. Gladstone in Daily News 10 Jan. 6/1 The most interesting of all manufactures, in my judgment, is the manufacture, apart from the production, of books. 1892 S. R. Gardiner Student's Hist. Eng. 8 The tin which they needed for the manufacture of bronze. 1912 H. H. Juta Reminisc. Western Circuit 148 I firmly believe that the evil and pernicious system of ‘by-woonerschap’ is more responsible for the manufacture of the poor white than anything else. 1937 Public Opinion Q. Oct. 19 The public distrust of monopoly..has necessitated the manufacture of a counter ideology. 1972 Amer. Sociol. Rev. 37 408 The manufacture of deviance: the case of the Soviet purge, 1936–38. 1992 D. Robins Tarnished Vision x. 103 The Yardies..had secured themselves a number of bases for the sale and manufacture of drugs in the area. c. A particular branch or form of productive industry. Often with prefixed noun, as linen manufacture, woollen manufacture, worsted manufacture. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > [noun] industry?1566 manufacture1638 manufact1647 manufactory1832 1638 in J. C. Tingey Rec. City of Norwich (1910) II. 263 The stuffes made or mixed by them with wooll being a great manufacture of this kingdom. 1643 Ordinance Lords & Commons in H. Parker Of Free Trade (1648) The better maintenance of the Trade of Clothing, and the Woollen Manufacture of the Kingdom. 1670 Sir S. Crowe in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 15 If that manifacture [of hangings] had beene under my charge. 1683 J. Poyntz (title) The Present Prospect of the famous and fertile Island of Tobago. With a Description of the Situation, Growth, Fertility and Manufacture of the said Island. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. iv. viii. 276 By means of trade and manufactures, a greater quantity of subsistence can be annually imported. View more context for this quotation 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 490 The late [Portuguese] minister of state,..found it impracticable to raise a glass manufacture into consequence. 1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 33 The capitalist has merely to state..the nature of his manufacture,..when he will be furnished with..estimates. 1843 Penny Cycl. XXVII. 555/2 The connection between employers and employed, buyers and sellers, in the woollen and worsted manufactures. 1882 L. P. Brockett Our Country's Wealth & Influence 162/1 Mr Slater, the father of American cotton manufactures. 1900 Westm. Gaz. 17 July 6/3 The neighbourhood..from being the cradle of the Portland Cement industry, has now become the chief seat of the manufacture. 1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) i. 42 Cymogene is compressed and liquefied, and can be used for ice manufacture. 1987 Holiday Which? Sept. 177/2 You can follow the process of woollen manufacture from beginning to end. d. of home (also foreign, English, etc.) manufacture: manufactured in the place, manner, period, etc., specified. ΚΠ 1669 S. Sturmy Summary of Penalties & Forfeitures in Mariners Mag. 1 Goods of the growth, production, and manufacture of Asia. 1756 R. Rolt New Dict. Trade (at cited word) It is now prohibited to fine-draw pieces of foreign manufacture upon those made in Great Britain. 1782 J. H. St. J. de Crèvecoeur Lett. from Amer. Farmer viii. 202 First days are the only seasons when it is lawful for both sexes to exhibit some garments of English manufacture. 1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire II. iii. v. 169 A single article, either of domestic or foreign growth or manufacture. 1844 tr. M. T. Asmar Mem. Babylonian Princess II. 168 Beschir sat on a handsome chair..of English manufacture. 1894 W. C. Russell in Idler Sept. 130 A small brass cannon of very antique pattern and manufacture. 1902 R. N. Bain tr. Tales from Gorky ix. 263 The chums were going along the high-road smoking makharka cigars of their own manufacture. 1930 D. Parker Laments for Living 62 The ash-receivers, of Japanese manufacture, were in the form of grotesque heads. 1978 A. Melville-Ross Blindfold iv. 26 A single ‘Sarin’ or ‘Tabun’ shell of British manufacture found its way to Egypt. 3. A manufacturing establishment or business; a factory. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > factory > [noun] mill1403 work1581 factory1618 manufacture1623 manuary1625 manufactory1641 fabric1656 hong1726 plant1789 machinery1799 usine1858 oficina1889 officina1906 1623 Privy Council Reg. 30 May (Publ. Rec. Office PC2/31) 375 Many seuerall Manufactures, whein [sic] multitudes of people are sett on worke. 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xi. 35 Having seen..the Custom-house, the River, the Army, the Manufactures, stores of Powder, and other particulars..she was lodged in a fair house. 1704 D. Defoe in 15th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1897) App. iv. 88 All my prospects were built on a manufacture I had erected in Essex. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Manufacture,..Also a Workhouse, or Place where such Works are carry'd on. a1722 J. Lauder Hist. Notices Sc. Affairs (1848) I. 166 The sugar-baking at Leith is declared a manufactor already. 1783 J. O. Justamond tr. G. T. F. Raynal Philos. Hist. Europeans in Indies (new ed.) I. 370 The malversations that prevail in the manufactures, magazines, docks and arsenals at Batavia. 1796 Duke of Rutland Jrnl. 18 July in Tour N. Parts Great Brit. (1813) 9 From hence we proceeded to a great cotton-manufacture belonging to Messrs. Columbine; but found we were too late, as the men had all left work for dinner. 1802 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 8 87 To establish in London a laboratory, or manufacture of artificial mineral waters. 1880 Cornhill Mag. Dec. 673 The growth of manufactures..had been unpopulating the country to swell the towns. 1903 H. James Ambassadors ii. iv. 44 The concern's a manufacture—and a manufacture that, if it's only properly looked after, may well be on the way to become a monopoly. 1909 Bulletin (Sydney) 22 Apr. 13/4 Until you have manufactures, and more people in the towns, cockying here won't make any Jimmy Tysons. †4. The action or process of working with the hands; a manual occupation, a handicraft. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > work > [noun] > manual work handcraftOE craftworkOE handworkOE manual labour?1406 handworking?a1425 manoeuvre1479 hand labour1517 handiwork1525 handicrafta1535 manuary1581 mechanic1605 manufacture1625 arm labour1677 mechanics1726 hag1797 hag-work1841 1625 C. Burges New Discouery Personal Tithes 7 Such as liue vpon Trade, or other Bargaining, or Manu-facture. 1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 45 The other prophaner sort, the men of warre and manifactures, have [etc.]. 1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam 52 Doth it become you..to..take up the Manufacture of cutting your Subjects throats? 1660 Boston Rec. (1877) II. 156 No person shall..occupy any manufacture or science, till hee hath compleated 21 years of age. 1699 M. Lister Journey to Paris (new ed.) 63 A private Anatomy Room is to one not accustomed to this kind of Manufacture, very irksome. II. Extended uses. 5. Production of a work of art, book, play, etc., regarded in terms of craft rather than creativity; (depreciative) unimaginative, uninspired, or commercially-motivated writing, artistry, etc. Also: a book, etc., produced in this way. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > the arts in general > [noun] > lack of art manufacture1688 barbarity1860 1688 T. Brown Reasons Mr. Bays 23 The manufacture of Poetry, (pray observe me Gentlemen, I call it a manufacture, because to my self it is more the trouble of the fingers than the labour of the brain). 1800 M. Edgeworth Castle Rackrent Pref. p. v Those who are used to literary manufacture know how much is often sacrificed to the rounding of a period or the pointing an antithesis. 1829 T. Carlyle German Playwrights in Crit. & Misc. Ess. (1840) II. 92 Herein lies the difference between creation and manufacture. 1871 F. T. Palgrave Lyrical Poems 135 The tale and the legend were gay Manufactures well wrought for the day. 1872 J. Ruskin Eagle's Nest §88 Ignorance discontented, and dexterous,..imitating what it cannot enjoy, produces the most loathsome forms of manufacture. 1875 Ladies' Repository Jan. 25/1 Trollope sneeringly remarks that..her glorification..of ‘the late cavalry captain’ was merely..a part of her stock in trade for the manufacture of poetry. 1910 G. B. Shaw Brieux 13 The manufacture of well made plays is not an art: it is an industry. 6. Deliberate fabrication of falsehoods or propaganda, esp. on a large scale. ΚΠ 1788 B. Franklin On Abuse of Press in Writings (1987) 1150 Those Papers are the Manufacture of foreign Enemies among you, who write with a view of disgracing your Country. 1865 T. W. Knox Camp-fire & Cotton-field 91 During the late Rebellion, the brains of the Southern States were wonderfully fertile in the manufacture of falsehood. 1939 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 44 925 The manufacture of propaganda—much of it deliberately misleading—has already become a major industry nearly everywhere in the world. 1970 F. L. Klement Limits of Dissent 242 The manufacture of lies was a common political practice. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). manufacturev. Brit. /ˌmanjᵿˈfaktʃə/, U.S. /ˌmæn(j)əˈfæk(t)ʃər/ Forms: 1600s– manufacture, 1700s manufactor. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: manufacture n. Etymology: < manufacture n. Compare Middle French, French manufacturer (c1576; 1538 as participial adjective), post-classical Latin manifacturare (a1567 in a document from Genoa), Italian manifatturare (Florio, 1598). Compare slightly earlier unmanufactured adj. 1. a. transitive. To make (a product, goods, etc.) from, of, or out of raw material; to produce (goods) by physical labour, machinery, etc., now esp. on a large scale. Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > manufacture or produce [verb (transitive)] i-wurchec888 makeeOE workOE dighta1175 outworka1325 forge1382 tiffa1400 fabricate1598 elaborate1611 produce1612 manufacture1648 to work off1653 output1858 productionize1939 1648 H. Parker Of Free Trade 21 All other English Merchants..may buy, and vend again all sorts of English Wares that are fully manufactured. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Manufacture, to make by art and labour. 1794 Columbian Gazetteer 6 Feb. 3/3 (advt.) Shall we object to this tune, merely because it is of foreign growth? Certain no. Scarcely a tune that is played is manufactured in America. 1825 J. R. McCulloch Princ. Polit. Econ. i. 35 The facilities given to the exportation of goods manufactured at home. 1849 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 65 373/1 The manufacturers..manufactured paupers. Where the land produced one pauper, manufacturers created half-a-dozen. 1866 13th Ann. Fair Calif. State Agric. Soc.: Premium List 17/1 For the first 25 bags of sugar of 100 pounds each, manufactured from sorghum..$125 00. For the first 25 bags of sugar of 100 pounds each, manufactured from sugar cane..125 00. 1878 W. S. Jevons Polit. Econ. 25 We cannot manufacture any goods unless we have some matter to work upon. 1901 B. T. Washington Up from Slavery x. 152 Last season our students manufactured twelve hundred thousand of first-class bricks, of a quality suitable to be sold in any market. 1904 N. M. Mustain Pop. Amusem. in & out of Doors 342/2 If nothing else is procurable, they can be manufactured out of a couple of sheets of stiff white paper, rolled up tightly into a tapering form. 1922 ‘R. Crompton’ More William (1924) xii. 198 He often whiled away the dullest hours..by..throwing paper pellets at her (manufactured previously for the purpose). 1942 E. Langley Pea Pickers i. 4 He carried on a thriving business of dried tea leaves from which he manufactured reconditioned tea. 1970 Let. 8 July in Decisions Comptroller Gen. U.S. 50 (U.S. General Accounting Office) 241 Offerors will be requested to submit separate prices on blades manufactured of carbon steel and blades manufactured of stainless steel. 1987 C. Thubron Behind Wall iii. 68 China, alone in the world, still manufactures steam engines—blackly gleaming heavyweights. b. transitive. In extended use (chiefly depreciative): to produce (literary work) in a mechanical or formulaic way, with little or no creativity, imagination, or originality. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > be the author of or write (a work) [verb (transitive)] > compose by mere industry manufacture1771 1771 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. l. 192 He seems to manufacture his verses for the sole use of the hero. 1809 Ld. Byron Eng. Bards & Sc. Reviewers 4 (note) The poem was manufactured for Messrs. Constable, Murray, and Miller, worshipful Booksellers, in consideration of the receipt of a sum of money; and truly, considering the inspiration, it is a very creditable production. 1856 Ladies' Repository Mar. 170/2 Let us again manufacture some verse..and try if it satisfies the idea of poetry. 1876 G. O. Trevelyan Life & Lett. Macaulay I. iii. 134 He was fond of setting himself to manufacture conceits resembling those on the heroes of the Trojan War. 1904 Encycl. Americana VI. at Dumas, Alexandre It was not till he had secured a front rank in literature by his own exertions that he descended to the unworthy plan of employing assistants to manufacture novels to order. 1957 Américas (Eng. ed.) Sept. 36/3 Actually I am a novelist,…but I don't ‘manufacture’ novels. I have them within me, and I write them, simply, unhurriedly, without any idea that they will be published or read. c. transitive. Of a person, organism, organ, etc.: to produce (a substance, energy, etc.) through a biological process. ΚΠ 1851 S. A. Cartwright in Debow's Rev. Aug. 194 Looking at a negro asleep, breathing the mephitic air called carbonic acid gas, manufactured in his own lungs. 1876 J. S. Bristowe Treat. Theory & Pract. Med. ii. vi. 854 The liver, besides manufacturing bile, is also an organ for [etc.]. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 464 Poisons manufactured within the system can act in a similar manner. 1974 A. J. Huxley Plant & Planet (1978) i. 12 Unique characteristic of plants is their capacity to manufacture energy from light. 1994 Jrnl. Hist. Ideas 55 190 Galen had given prominence to the liver as the organ which continually manufactures blood. 2. a. transitive. To make up or bring (raw material, ingredients, etc.) into a form suitable for use; to work up as or convert into a specified product. Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > fashion, shape, or form > work up edify1382 builda1425 to erect into1670 manufacture1683 1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 81 Milk likewise altered and Manufactur'd (if I may call it so) by the good House-Wives Art and Industry, yields many other sorts of good Food. 1683 Britanniæ Speculum 13 Very fine Wooll..but being manufactured into Cloth and Stuffs, is dispersed all over the World. 1716 J. Arbuthnot To Mayor & Aldermen City of London: Humble Petition 2 Totally prohibit the Confining and Manufacturing the Sun-Beams for any of the useful Purposes of Life. 1761 E. Gibbon Jrnl. 4 Aug. in Misc. Wks. (1796) I. 107 It may afford such a fund of materials as I desire, which have not yet been properly manufactured. 1798 T. Jones Memoirs (1951) 138 This Tablebeer, with the addition of Brandy, Rum or Geneva, he was manufactoring into Flip. 1842 J. Aiton Clerical Econ. iv. 178 The method of manufacturing the milk just described, that is, of churning the whole into butter. 1883 Times 2 Apr. 4 A factory in which the ‘leaf’..is manufactured into tea. 1902 Ardrossan Herald 31 Jan. 2/3 The multure is a quantity of grain..sometimes manufactured as flour, meal, sheeling. 1903 Philos. Rev. 12 620 In man..that raw material, that sensible and single picture of that individual..tree may, by the mysterious process of intuition that we call abstraction, be converted, manufactured, into the intellectual universal representation of the tree in itself. 1935 L. Melville Errol 65 Hundreds of tons of potatoes were manufactured into farina at this mill. 1991 Amer. Q. 43 686 Travel destinations such as Sea World or Disneyland..where nature or history is manipulated and manufactured into entertainment rather than preserved. †b. intransitive. Of a raw material: to permit of being manufactured. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > manufacture [verb (intransitive)] manufacture1763 1763 Museum Rusticum (1764) 1 12 The flax thus managed dresses and manufactures much better. 3. transitive. To invent (a fiction); to deliberately fabricate (a story, statement, etc.). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > fabrication of statement or story > invent, concoct [verb (transitive)] forgec1386 contrivec1400 commentc1450 dissimule1483 devisea1535 invent1535 fable1553 coin1561 to make upc1650 manufacture1700 to tell the tale1717 fabricate1779 concoct1792 fob1805 mythologize1851 fabulate1856 phoney1940 1700 R. Blackmore Song of Moses in Paraphr. Job 243 The Fools, the Gods they serve, themselves create, All upstart Deitys of modern Date. Gods the productions of fantastic Fear, Not Gods above, but manufactur'd here. 1762 E. Gibbon Misc. Wks. (1814) IV. 110 The speech is evidently manufactured by the historian. 1777 A. Hamilton Let. 29 July in Papers (1961) I. 294 Prisoners..know very well how to manufacture stories calculated to serve the purposes of the side they belong to. 1839 T. Carlyle French Revol. (ed. 2) III. v. vi. 300 The largest, most inspiring piece of blague manufactured, for some centuries. 1862 J. H. Burton Book-hunter ii. 125 Irish bulls..manufactured for the..anecdote-books betray their artificial origin. 1902 B. L. Gildersleeve in Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 23 449 The ancients manufactured a hostility between Homer and Hesiod, Pindar and Bakchylides, Aischylos and Sophocles. 1988 ‘R. Deacon’ Spyclopaedia 51 Boss..made attempts to manufacture evidence against..Western politicians. 4. transitive. To manage or contrive to make (a gesture, etc.); to perform (an act) or bring about (a situation, an occurrence, etc.) by artifice or contrivance. ΚΠ 1915 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Island xv. 151 ‘Why, Anne, you don't seem a bit pleased!’ she exclaimed. Anne instantly manufactured a smile and put it on. 1940 E. Hemingway For whom Bell Tolls xviii. 230 You couldn't wait for the real Peasant Leader to arrive and he might have too many peasant characteristics when he did. So you had to manufacture one. 1976 Evening Post (Nottingham) 17 Dec. 31/6 Billy Ashcroft and Bobby Shinton, a £20,000 buy from Cambridge, form a dangerous partnership and with the experienced Arfon Griffiths capable of manufacturing openings, it is a test of character for Peter Morris's side. 1988 Golf Monthly June 135/1 Best of all was the 8-iron she manufactured from the back edge of a fairway bunker at the 323 yards 16th. 1996 A. Ghosh Calcutta Chromosome (1997) vii. 37 Various people within the organization put their heads together and manufactured a small research project that would allow him to spend some time in Calcutta. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1567v.1648
随便看	fine-looking fine-mouthed fine-palated fine-rosed fine-setting fine-skinned fine-smelling fine-sounding fine-spirited fine-spoken fine-spun fine-still fine-stiller fine-stilling fine-structure constant fine-tapering fine-tasting fine-textured fine-threaded fine-toned fine-tooth fine-tooth comb fine-tooth combing fine-toothed fine-tubed