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单词 manducate
释义

manducatev.

Brit. /ˈmandjᵿkeɪt/, /ˈmandʒᵿkeɪt/, U.S. /ˈmændʒəˌkeɪt/
Forms: Middle English– manducate, 1700s mandicate.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin mandūcāt-, mandūcāre.
Etymology: < classical Latin mandūcāt-, past participial stem (compare -ate suffix3) of mandūcāre to chew, to eat < mandūcus masked figure with champing jaws < mandere to chew, bite, champ the bit, perhaps cognate with ancient Greek μασᾶσθαι to chew, and perhaps also with Old Icelandic mél bit (see meldrop n.). With the termination of mandūcus compare cadūcus (see caducous adj.).From the end of the Republic, classical Latin edere was replaced, at first in comedy, satire and informal speech and then more generally, by mandūcāre, which was not only a more vivid word but also grammatically more regular; comedere was retained as a literary word. In the Vulgate translation of the New Testament, mandūcāre is used several times (e.g. Luke 22:15, John 13:18) to render words spoken by Christ at the Last Supper, hence its importance in 17th-cent. and later polemic.
Now archaic and rare.
transitive. To chew, to eat; spec. to consume (the consecrated host) at the Eucharist.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > eat via specific process [verb (transitive)] > chew
grindc1200
chew1377
chow1382
chaw1530
masticate1562
chop1581
manducate1623
jawa1625
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 83v (MED) If forsoþ it [sc. an ulcer] be somych augmented in malice þat it consumeþ membrez, it ys said manducans, i. etyng.]
1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Manducate, to eat.
1624 Bp. F. White Replie to Iesuit Fishers Answere 490 To manducate, that is, to chew or swallow, and to let the Element receiued, passe into their stomach.
1654 Bp. J. Taylor Real Presence 147 Either we manducate the accidents only, or else the substance of bread, or the substance of Christs body.
1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Medicinal Materials i, in Medicinal Dispensatory sig. Ii4v Being manducated, they confirm loose teeth.
1727 in N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Manducate.
1822 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 11 161 Whate'er front-tooth can bite, and grinders manducate.
1876 E. Mellor Priesthood iv. 179 The literal interpreters..supposing that our Saviour referred to bread which could be manducated in the ordinary manner.
1983 ‘Trevanian’ Summer of Katya (1984) 148 Fell upon the wretched vegetable and manducated it.

Derivatives

ˈmanducated adj.
ΚΠ
1826 J. M. Good Bk. Nature I. xii. 310 The..manducated food.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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更新时间:2024/11/10 20:08:24